CN105746291B - A kind of peach X-shaped cultivation technique - Google Patents
A kind of peach X-shaped cultivation technique Download PDFInfo
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- CN105746291B CN105746291B CN201610271560.XA CN201610271560A CN105746291B CN 105746291 B CN105746291 B CN 105746291B CN 201610271560 A CN201610271560 A CN 201610271560A CN 105746291 B CN105746291 B CN 105746291B
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- peach
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of tree-like cultivation techniques of peach X-shaped：It carries out according to the following steps successively：（1）Prepare before field planting；（2）Field planting：Selection level-one peach seedling, every two plants of peach seedlings draw close cross colonisation together, two peach seedling intersection ground 40cm, and angle in the horizontal direction is 60 degree between two peach seedlings；Two plants of peach seedlings stretch to both sides in the ranks respectively, and direction is with capable to vertical；Two plants of peach seedlings draw close cross colonisation together, and one plant is regarded as in production；（3）Shaping：After X-shaped field planting of the present invention, in the full substantial place's cutting strunk of two plants of peach seedling sprouts, the upper end of two plants of peach seedling trunks is two major branches in producing, and is equal to two tree-like major branches of Y-shaped, once-forming after field planting；The present invention takes X-shaped to cultivate, it is that the trunk tops of two plants of peach seedlings directly sends out young sprout uniaxial extension as major branch, respectively continues up growth, be independent of each other, uniform growth, orchard worker is easy to operate, save it is artificial, when field planting artificial two young plant trunk of direct regulation and control, that is, major branch angle, it is simple accurate, it is tree-like at least to shift to an earlier date half a year forming, and compressive resistance is increased, major branch is not easily broken.
Description
Technical field：
The invention belongs to pomology, fruit tree field of ecology relates in particular to a kind of peach X-shaped cultivation skill
Art.
Background technology：
In recent years, peach cultivation expert constantly brings forth new ideas in tree-like and pruning, and it is tree-like to break traditional natural open centre shape
Barrier takes trunk shape and " Y " font, and major contribution is made that production；Such as according to《A kind of peach " Y-shaped " of simplicity
Major branch, which is tied up, helps shaping methods》, save labor, high quality fruit rate is high；
It is popularized as peach " Y " word is tree-like, heavier region occurs in some pest and disease damages, gummosis, apply for human hair
Now when the big load of tree body fruiting amount increases, rainfall strong wind weather, major branch base portion frangibility are met；And peach is nature growth
, cannot as plant produced neat and consistent, the longer branch of every plant of peach may be all different in a piece of peach garden, orchard worker
Tie up help two scaffold limbs when it is cumbersome.As patent of invention《A kind of peach " Y-shaped " major branch of simplicity, which is tied up, helps shaping methods》In
It is described：Take " trunk top select and remain it is straggly to the raw strong tip stretched in the ranks as major branch, tie up help on the bamboo pole of both sides respectively；
If without the young sprout stretched in the ranks, the strong tip of other directions of growth is selected and remain, the torsion tip is carried out to it, so that it is stretched to and in the ranks grows and tie up
It helps on corresponding bamboo pole, so that young sprout is grown along bamboo pole ... ".And a kind of tree-like cultivation technique of peach X-shaped that applicant proposes
There is new progress, be mainly reflected in its tree structure previous step in place, two major branch compression strength increase considerably, and are high-quality
It is tree-like --《A kind of peach " Y-shaped " major branch of simplicity, which is tied up, helps shaping methods》On the basis of it is primary it is more effortless, operation it is simpler,
Orchard worker is more easily accepted by, it is tree-like forming faster, be more easy to be widely applied technological innovation.
Invention content：
The present invention is directed to the cultivating and growing demand of modern peach, proposes a kind of tree-like cultivation technique of peach X-shaped.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows：
A kind of tree-like cultivation technique of peach X-shaped, carries out according to the following steps successively：
（1）Daily management
The all cultivation skills not being mentioned to herein of daily managements such as soil, fertilizer, water, flower and fruit management and integrated pest prevention and control
Art measure is all regarded as same Routine Management
（2）Prepare before field planting
Before field planting 1 month, dig field planting ditch ridging first, if clay loam hillside fields, the gradient in hillside fields at 25 ° hereinafter, and
Contour line method ridging cannot be used, it should slightly be tilted in angle, rainwater can drain in time when to rain；Row spacing regarding line-spacing and
It is fixed, it is desirable that ditch depth, lower wide, the upper wide respectively m × 0.8 of 0.7 m × 0.7 m；Bottom of trench spreads the stalk of the crushing of 20 cm thickness
Or weeds, and a small amount of urea is applied, 5 000 kg decomposed manures, 100 kg calcium superphosphate or farm manure are applied per acre, and dig out
Soil backfills in ditch after mixing, and the native disk of new heap is higher by 10 cm than ground, pours water heavy real
（3）Field planting
Level-one peach seedling is selected, every two plants of peach seedlings draw close cross colonisation together, two peach seedling intersection ground 40cm, and two
Angle in the horizontal direction is 60 degree between peach seedling；Two plants of peach seedlings stretch to both sides in the ranks respectively, and direction is with capable to vertical；Two plants of peaches
Seedling, which is drawn close cross colonisation produces together in, is regarded as one plant, and seeding row spacing is 1.5 m~2m × 4.5 m~5.5m, north and south row to for
Preferably
（4）Shaping
After field planting, in the full substantial place's cutting strunk of two plants of peach seedling sprouts, the upper end of two plants of peach seedling trunks is two in producing
Major branch is equal to two tree-like major branches of Y-shaped, once-forming after field planting, save it is artificial, when field planting artificial direct regulation and control angle
Degree, it is easy to operate accurate；
It is often selected good strains in the field for seed after doing calmly with the bamboo pole or other supporters that two root long degree are 2.5~4 m, the length root of specific supporter
It according to the width of line-spacing, depending on the quasi- length stayed of two major branches, and is inserted into below ground depth and determines, general soil is loose to be needed to insert
Entering the depth of below ground will grow, conversely, clay loam is then shorter；Intersect along two plants of peach seedling directions, and close to peach seedling trunk
It is inserted into soil, fixation is solid, and the young sprout on later two major branch, which often grows 30 cm, to be tied up and help primary, remains major branch single shaft
Extend, controls the major branch direction of growth；Start apart from ground level 50cm in major branch, one is stayed in major branch both sides every 15~20cm
As small-sized fruit-bearing shoot cluster, and both sides Heterogeneous Permutation, extra whole remove, if major branch extending head is more than 30cm, there are no sides
Branch is sent out, and can be forced sprouting side shoot, generally at least sprout 2-3 major branch pinching, then wherein one healthy and strong young sprout is selected to continue
As major branch extending head, the young sprout of a location-appropriate is selected to give over to small-sized fruit-bearing shoot cluster, remaining is removed；
（5）Trimming
It mainly uses Long pruning technology, and with pair branch updating methods, makes the small-sized fruit-bearing shoot cluster of two major branches all be in every year
The arrangement of shark's fin shape is constant, the newborn branch of excessive growth is removed or turned round in time tip control；Note that in the presence of the raw branch thick on two major branches
When more than 1/3 or more major branch rugosity, priority control growth is answered, is removed when necessary, to the suitable light pruning of tree that growth potential is strong, allowed as possible
Its more result.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are embodied in：
A kind of tree-like cultivation technique of peach X-shaped that the present invention uses, every two plants of peach seedlings draw close cross colonisation together,
Two peach seedlings are intersected at the trunk 40cm apart from ground, and angle in the horizontal direction is 60 degree between two peach seedlings；Two plants of peach seedlings point
Both sides are not stretched in the ranks, and direction is with capable to vertical；Two plants of peach seedlings draw close cross colonisation produces together in and are regarded as one plant.Originally
Y-shaped it is tree-like need to the artificial cutting strunk after field planting, wait for re-emitting young sprout on trunk, then select two positions preferably new from young sprout
The tip is as two major branches, and the overwhelming majority needs to tie up and helps, branch is drawn to can be only achieved comparatively ideal angle requirement, and after X-shaped field planting,
It is done surely at the full substantial place of two plants of peach seedling sprouts, the upper end of two plants of peach seedling infalls is equal to two tree-like major branches of Y-shaped,
Two major branches are once-forming when being colonized, artificial direct regulation and control major branch angle when saving manually, and being colonized, easy to operate accurate；
It is exactly to be afraid of that life, it is too big to encounter the big load of fruit yield for two major branches that originally two tree-like major branches of Y-shaped, which need dislocation main purpose,
Or meet the more frangibility such as strong wind, and there is no dislocation for two major branch of X-shaped, are the trunk branch uniaxial extensions of two plants of peach seedlings, resistance to compression and
Strong wind ability greatly increases, and is not easily broken；Though two major branch of Y-shaped dislocation originally is being in centainly to avoid to fracture less on degree,
Distance of two major branches respectively apart from trunk, root system differs, and easily leads to that growth gesture is unbalanced, and one is still caused to the trimming of orchard worker
Fixed trouble, two major branch uniform growths of bad control, and the upper end of two plants of peach seedlings of X-shaped respectively continues up growth, mutually not
It influences, easy uniform growth；Originally two tree-like major branches of Y-shaped are the cutting strunks in one plant of peach seedling, are sent out from trunk again after cutting strunk
Branch in select 2 prosperous tips of wherein position suitable to give over to two major branches, and take X-shaped, directly sent out on peach seedling trunk
Top young sprout uniaxial extension increases compressive resistance as major branch, tree-like at least half a year forming in advance, and major branch is not easy to break
It is disconnected.
Description of the drawings：
Fig. 1 is schematic structural view of the invention.
Wherein：1 angle between two peach seedlings, numerical value are 60 °；2 are for two peach seedling intersection ground 40cm, Fig. 2
Peach overall alignment structural schematic diagram of the present invention.
Specific implementation mode：
By embodiment, invention is further described in detail：
Embodiment 1
A kind of peach X-shaped cultivation technique of the present invention：
Field planting：Soil improvement is good, after digging field planting ditch ridging, was colonized March 10 after the defrosting of spring soil, selects gardenful
Red, spring U.S. 2 Peach cultivars level-one peach seedlings, every two plants of peach seedlings draw close cross colonisation together, two peach seedling intersection ground
40cm, angle in the horizontal direction is 60 degree between two peach seedlings.Two plants of peach seedlings stretch to both sides in the ranks respectively, and direction is with capable to vertical
Directly.It is 2m × 5m that plantation density, which is seeding row spacing, north and south row to.
After field planting, in the full substantial place's cutting strunk of two plants of peach seedling sprouts, it is tree-like that the upper ends of two plants of peach seedlings is equal to Y-shaped
Two major branches, often select good strains in the field for seed after cutting strunk be 4m with 2 root long degree bamboo pole, be inserted into soil along two plants of peach seedling directions, and close to intersecting,
Fixation is solid, carries out tying up the young sprout helped on major branch for the first time in early June, the young sprout on later major branch often grows 30cm and ties up
It helps once, remains major branch uniaxial extension, control the major branch direction of growth.Period checks continually on, and finds the master of only a few plant
Branch extending head is more than 30cm, and there are no side shoots to send out, and in time by major branch pinching, forces sprouting side shoot, generally at least sprouts 2-3,
Wherein one healthy and strong young sprout is selected to continue that the young sprout of a location-appropriate is selected to give over to small-sized fruit-bearing shoot cluster as major branch extending head again,
Co-meager removes.
Other trim modes and daily management are the same as conventional.
It is colonized second year, tree-like almost mould is fully completed, and desirable is not achieved in only a few plant, continues the whole of last year
Shape measure, most of tree management is reasonable, branch space layout uniformity, two major branches stalwartness and space angle neat one
It causes, tree body ventilation and penetrating light, every plant of growth potential is unified, and technology is easy, everybody can operate, and time and labour saving is laborsaving, entire garden phase height
It is unified, very it is good-looking, average product reaches 2 ㎏/strain, and high quality fruit rate is up to 70%；It being colonized the 3rd year, average product reaches 25 ㎏/strain,
High quality fruit rate is up to 75%；It is colonized and has reached within the 4th year the best fruiting period, average product reaches 40 ㎏/strain, and high quality fruit rate is up to 75%.In addition, sending out
A person of good sense tests earliest to be investigated in 6 years raw peach gardens of tree-like 3000 mu of X-shaped of application, none plant of major branch fractures.Production is real
Proof is trampled, using X-shaped, it can be achieved that premature labor, high yield, stable yields, and it is laborsaving, easy to operate, orchard worker is more easily accepted by, appropriate criteria
Change large-scale production, promotion prospect is wide, and really a kind of cultivation that peach novel high-quality Labor-saving gently simplifies is tree-like.
Above-described embodiment is only the preferable embodiment of the present invention, and in addition to this, the present invention can also have other realizations
Mode.It should be noted that under the premise of no disengaging present inventive concept, any obvious improvements and modifications should all be fallen
Enter within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of tree-like cultural method of peach X-shaped, it is characterised in that：It carries out according to the following steps successively：
（1）Prepare before field planting
Before field planting 1 month, field planting ditch ridging is dug first, if clay loam hillside fields, the gradient in hillside fields is at 25 ° hereinafter, and cannot
Using contour line method ridging, it should slightly be tilted in angle, rainwater can drain in time when to rain；Row spacing depending on line-spacing,
It is required that ditch depth, lower wide, the upper wide respectively m × 0.8 of 0.7 m × 0.7 m;Bottom of trench spreads the stalk or miscellaneous of the crushing of 20 cm thickness
Grass, and apply a small amount of urea;5 000 kg decomposed manures, 100 kg calcium superphosphate are applied per acre, and the soil dug out is after mixing
It backfills in ditch, the native disk of new heap is higher by 10 cm than ground, pours water heavy real
（2）Field planting
Level-one peach seedling, every two plants of peach seedlings is selected to draw close cross colonisation together, two peach seedling intersection ground 40cm, two peach seedlings
Between angle in the horizontal direction be 60 degree；Two plants of peach seedlings stretch to both sides in the ranks respectively, and direction is with capable to vertical；Two plants of peach seedlings are leaned on
Hold together cross colonisation produces together in be regarded as one plant, seeding row spacing is 1.5 m~2m × 4.5 m~5.5m, north and south row to
（3）Shaping
After field planting, in the full substantial place's cutting strunk of two plants of peach seedling sprouts, the upper end of two plants of peach seedling trunks is two major branches in producing,
Be equal to two tree-like major branches of Y-shaped, it is once-forming after field planting, save it is artificial, when field planting artificial direct regulation and control angle, operation
It is simple accurate；
The bamboo pole or other supporters often selected good strains in the field for seed after doing calmly with two root long degree for 2.5~4 m, the length of specific supporter is according to row
Away from width, depending on the quasi- length stayed of two major branches, and be inserted into below ground depth and determine, loosing soil need to be inserted into ground with
Under depth to grow, conversely, clay loam is then shorter；Along two plants of peach seedling directions, and intersects close to peach seedling trunk and is inserted into soil,
Fixation is solid, and the young sprout on the two major branch tops of later peach, which often grows 30 cm, to be tied up and help primary, remains that major branch single shaft prolongs
It stretches, controls the major branch direction of growth;Start apart from 50 cm of ground level in major branch, one is stayed in major branch both sides every 15~20cm
As small-sized fruit-bearing shoot cluster, and both sides Heterogeneous Permutation, extra whole remove, if major branch extending head is more than 30cm, there are no sides
Branch is sent out, and by major branch pinching, is forced sprouting side shoot, is at least sprouted 2-3, then wherein one healthy and strong young sprout is selected to continue as major branch
Extending head, selects the young sprout of a location-appropriate to give over to small-sized fruit-bearing shoot cluster, remaining is removed
（4）Trimming
It mainly uses Long pruning method, and with double branch updating methods, makes the small-sized fruit-bearing shoot cluster of two major branches every year all in shark's fin
Shape arrangement is constant;The newborn branch of excessive growth is removed or is turned round in time tip control；Note that being more than in the presence of the raw branch thick on two major branches
When major branch rugosity 1/3, priority control growth is answered, is removed, the tree light pruning strong to growth potential allows its more result as possible
（5）Daily management
Soil, fertilizer, water, flower and fruit management and all cultural method measures not being mentioned to herein of integrated pest prevention and control daily management
All it is regarded as same Routine Management.
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| CN201610271560.XA CN105746291B (en) | 2016-04-28 | 2016-04-28 | A kind of peach X-shaped cultivation technique |
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| CN201610271560.XA CN105746291B (en) | 2016-04-28 | 2016-04-28 | A kind of peach X-shaped cultivation technique |
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| CN105746291A CN105746291A (en) | 2016-07-13 |
| CN105746291B true CN105746291B (en) | 2018-10-19 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109452060B (en) * | 2018-09-25 | 2021-05-04 | 成都本真农业有限责任公司 | Suspension type long-branch fruiting branch group for updating double branches of fruit trees and culture method |
| CN109496589A (en) * | 2018-12-27 | 2019-03-22 | 中国农业科学院果树研究所 | A kind of pears dense planting high photosynthetic efficiency is tree-like and its shaping and trimming method |
| CN111418426A (en) * | 2020-04-04 | 2020-07-17 | 云南正果农业发展有限公司 | Method suitable for labor-saving planting management of peach trees in Yunnan region |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103125334A (en) * | 2013-01-17 | 2013-06-05 | 戴新华 | Method for planting fruit trees which are connected piece by piece |
| MD20120055A2 (en) * | 2012-06-20 | 2013-07-31 | Inst Publica Inst Stiintifico Practic Horticultura Tehnologii Alimentare | Process for the formation of peach trees grafted in the garden |
| CN104351005A (en) * | 2014-11-27 | 2015-02-18 | 山东农业大学 | Simple method of tying, supporting and shaping Y-shaped main branch of peach tree |
| CN104838936A (en) * | 2015-04-10 | 2015-08-19 | 北京市农林科学院 | Water-saving peach tree planting method |
| CN105165510A (en) * | 2015-07-10 | 2015-12-23 | 江苏福泰农业科技有限公司 | High quality and high yield high density cultivation method for peaches |
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2016
- 2016-04-28 CN CN201610271560.XA patent/CN105746291B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| MD20120055A2 (en) * | 2012-06-20 | 2013-07-31 | Inst Publica Inst Stiintifico Practic Horticultura Tehnologii Alimentare | Process for the formation of peach trees grafted in the garden |
| CN103125334A (en) * | 2013-01-17 | 2013-06-05 | 戴新华 | Method for planting fruit trees which are connected piece by piece |
| CN104351005A (en) * | 2014-11-27 | 2015-02-18 | 山东农业大学 | Simple method of tying, supporting and shaping Y-shaped main branch of peach tree |
| CN104838936A (en) * | 2015-04-10 | 2015-08-19 | 北京市农林科学院 | Water-saving peach tree planting method |
| CN105165510A (en) * | 2015-07-10 | 2015-12-23 | 江苏福泰农业科技有限公司 | High quality and high yield high density cultivation method for peaches |
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