CN105660120A - Multiple cropping cultivation method of field Hami melon in double cropping system - Google Patents
Multiple cropping cultivation method of field Hami melon in double cropping system Download PDFInfo
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- CN105660120A CN105660120A CN201610034096.2A CN201610034096A CN105660120A CN 105660120 A CN105660120 A CN 105660120A CN 201610034096 A CN201610034096 A CN 201610034096A CN 105660120 A CN105660120 A CN 105660120A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of crop planting, in particular to a multiple cropping cultivation method of field Hami melon in a double cropping system; the method comprises the following steps: fertilization and land preparation; drip tube laying and plastic film covering; field planting and small shed construction; temperature control after field planting; harvesting; deep plowing and exposure; preparation before autumn sowing; autumn sowing; harvesting. A factory grafting seedling technique and a two film covering technology are used, optimum harvesting, deep plowing and exposure, appropriate time autumn planting, row change filed planting, scientific irrigation and green prevention and control technologies are used, and light and heat resources of the Turpan Depression are fully used, so that the field production time is shortened, and enough production time is provided for autumn Hami melon production and the quality is guaranteed; the current situations that the on market time of summer Hami melons is late, the autumn Hami melons are few and the quality is not good in the conventional planting methods are solved, at the same time, compared with the conventional planting methods, the yield of the Hami melons is improved by 1.5-2.0 tons per mu, the land cropping index is improved, and the farmers' income is increased greatly.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to proportion of crop planting technical field, be a kind of land for growing field crops hami melon two crops a year multiple cropping cultural method processed.
Background technology
Turpan Basin belongs to arid desert, typical continental warm temperate zone weather, and sunlight-heat reaources enriches, and frost-free period is long, and day and night temperature is big, heats up spring rapidly; Summer high temperature is extremely hot; Autumn, day and night temperature was big, and sunshine is sufficient, and optimum hami melon grows. Turfan plantation hami melon is with a long history, and plantation hami melon area is relatively big, is a kind of important high-efficiency and economic crop, plays an important role in Turfan crop mix and promotion farmer richness increase income. Adopting traditional planting technology hami melon ripe in large area at the beginning of by the end of June 7 months, delay the planted in fall time, autumn stubble melon Maturity is inadequate or immature, causes hami melon quality to decline; Or after the harvesting of spring stubble melon, plant other crops or idle benefit is low, cause increasing peasant income difficulty.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of land for growing field crops hami melon two crops a year multiple cropping cultural method processed, overcome the deficiency of above-mentioned prior art, it can effectively solve to adopt tradition hami melon cultivation technique to delay the hami melon planted in fall time, causes hami melon quality to decline; Or plant other crops or idle, the problem causing increasing peasant income difficulty.
The technical scheme is that and realized by following measures: a kind of land for growing field crops hami melon yields two crops a year multiple cropping cultural method processed, carries out in the steps below:
The first step, fertilising is also whole, by every mu of planting site decomposed manure 2000kg to 3000kg, compound fertilizer 40kg to 50kg, sprinkles evenly and applies decomposed manure and compound fertilizer, plough deeply 30cm to 40cm, then flatten in planting site;
Second step, lays dropper covering with plastic film, and the planting site after leveling is laid dropper, covering with plastic film on the dropper laid;
3rd step, field planting also builds Small plastic shed, and March, early and middle ten days was by hami melon transplantation of seedlings field planting on mulch film, then built Small plastic shed on corresponding mulch film;
4th step, temperature after field planting controls, after hami melon Seedling field planting 3 days, in Small plastic shed, temperature reaches more than 35 DEG C and starts to leak informaton, in daytime Small plastic shed, temperature controls at 20 DEG C to 30 DEG C, in night Small plastic shed, temperature controls at 18 DEG C to 20 DEG C, April 10 to 20 removed Small plastic shed, field normal management after sowing in spring after removing Small plastic shed;
5th step, gathers, and when hami melon center, soluble solid reaches more than 14%, gathers, and is not later than June collection period 20 to 25;
6th step, ploughs deeply and is exposed to the sun, and hami melon is cleared up the residuum of hami melon crop and reclaims mulch film after gathering, then planting site is ploughed deeply 35cm to 40cm, sun the earth which has been ploughed up 10 days to 15 days after ploughing deeply;
7th step, prepare before autumn sowing, by every mu of planting site biological organic fertilizer 100kg to 120kg, compound fertilizer 20kg to 30kg, planting site sprinkles evenly and applies biological organic fertilizer and compound fertilizer, plough deeply 30cm to 40cm, then flatten, the planting site after leveling is laid dropper, covering with plastic film on the dropper laid;
8th step, autumn sowing, on July 10 to 20 is live on mulch film, 1 to 2, every cave hami melon seed sterilized, and autumn sowing is carried out line feed field planting, autumn sowing plantation row and plantation row of sowing in spring and is staggered, and then carries out field normal management after autumn sowing;
9th step, gathers, and hami melon center soluble solid reaches more than 14%, gathers.
Further optimization and/or improvements to foregoing invention technical scheme are presented herein below:
Above-mentioned hami melon Seedling obtains as follows: in intelligent seedling cultivation greenhouse concentration plug media nursery, double break root graft technology and tip cutting is adopted to connect graft technology, graft stock adopts the glad anvil in pumpkin variety capital two, when melon Seedling length to 2 leaves to 3 leaf 1 heart, start seedling exercising 5 days to 7 days, after seedling exercising, obtain hami melon Seedling.
After above-mentioned spring sowing, field normal management carries out as follows: stretch the climing phase and fruit expanding period executes potassium dihydrogen phosphate 2kg to 3kg, punching fertilising 5kg to 8kg by every mu of planting site respectively, adopt double; two climing training, 4 to 5 true leaves time pinching, select and remain base portion stalwartness lateral bine, saving at lateral bine 6 and stay melon to 7 joints, keep down the vines of a creeping plant 1 time to 2 times during growth, upper reticulate pattern starts to turn over melon 2 times to 3 times, with weeds or toilet paper lid melon, with soil by covering with ground sheeting at the beginning of 5 months.
After above-mentioned autumn sowing, field normal management carries out as follows: after emerging, every morning or dusk drip 2 hours to 3 hours, 3 leaves were restrained the growth of seedlings 8 days to 10 days to 4 leaf phases, early flowering season starts to drip, early flowering season and fruit expanding period were dripped once every 3 days to 5 days, drip 4h to 6h every time, the reticulate pattern formation phase dripped once every 5 days to 7 days, and drip 2h to 3h every time, gathers first 7 days and did not drip to 10 days; Fruit expanding period imposes compound fertilizer 3 times to 4 times, imposes compound fertilizer 5kg to 6kg by every mu of planting site every time, and the reticulate pattern formation phase imposes potassium sulfate 8kg to 10kg by every mu of planting site; Adopt single climing training, 5 to 6 true leaves time erase base portion lateral bud, 6 joints are sub climing more than saving to 8 stays 2 leaf pinching, climing to before Fruit taking out, selecting fine day to keep down the vines of a creeping plant every 30cm to 50cm, 8 joints to 10 joints stay melon, and children's melon length to egg size carries out selecting melon, the online initial stage starts to pad melon, set melon, and expanding stage turns over melon 2 times to 3 times; Hanging yellow plate prevention Bemisia tabaci, virus A and ZhiBingLing(SIC) prevent virus diseases.
Above-mentioned in the third step, drip 30m by every mu of planting site before hami melon transplantation of seedlings field planting
3
To 60m
3
, first drip 1 day to 2 days, after dripping by hami melon transplantation of seedlings field planting on mulch film, survival after transplant two row hami melon Seedling on each row mulch film, spacing in the rows is 40cm to 50cm; The width of Small plastic shed is 2m to 2.5m, and the height of Small plastic shed is 50cm to 80cm.
In above-mentioned 8th step autumn sowing, the hami melon seed sterilized obtains as follows: hami melon seed 200 times of formalin solutions or 10% trisodium phosphate solution are soaked seed 1 hour to 2 hours, rinse 2 times to 3 times with clear water after seed soaking, the hami melon seed being sterilized after rinsing.
In above-mentioned 8th step autumn sowing, first 3 days of autumn sowing is dripped 80m by every mu of planting site
3
To 120m
3
, fill foot pre-sowing water; Sowing two row during sowing on each row mulch film, depth of planting is 2cm to 3cm, and after planting pocket is obturaged by earthing 1cm to 2cm, then earthing on mulch film, and spacing in the rows is 40cm to 50cm.
The width of above-mentioned mulch film is 90cm to 120cm; Hami melon Seedling and the hami melon seed sterilized are 20cm to 25cm from the distance of the drip irrigation zone under corresponding mulch film; When hami melon transplantation of seedlings field planting and autumn sowing, little line-spacing is 40cm to 50cm, and wide row space is 280cm to 300cm.
Above-mentioned hami melon kind is western state honey 17 or western state honey 25.
Above-mentioned hami melon stays 2cm to 3cm fruit stem to gather when gathering.
The present invention utilizes batch production graft seedling growth technology and two film soverlay techniques, by optimum harvest, plough deeply be exposed to the sun, in good time autumn planting, line feed field planting, Scientific irrigation and green prevention and control technology, make full use of the sunlight-heat reaources of Turpan Basin, create the environmental condition being conducive to hami melon growth promoter to avoid pest and disease damage to occur, shorten the field production time, produce for hami melon in autumn and provide the sufficient production time and ensure that quality; The present invention compensate for the present situation of traditional cultivation method hami melon in summer the listing few and bad of season in late fall hami melon, the present invention improves 1.5 tons to 2.0 tons compared with the hami melon yield every mu that traditional cultivation method obtains simultaneously, improve soil multiple crop index, considerably increase the income of peasant household.
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention, not by the restriction of following embodiment, can determine specific embodiment according to technical scheme and practical situation.
Embodiment 1, this land for growing field crops hami melon two crops a year multiple cropping cultural method processed, carry out in the steps below:
The first step, fertilising is also whole, by every mu of planting site decomposed manure 2000kg to 3000kg, compound fertilizer 40kg to 50kg, sprinkles evenly and applies decomposed manure and compound fertilizer, plough deeply 30cm to 40cm, then flatten in planting site;
Second step, lays dropper covering with plastic film, and the planting site after leveling is laid dropper, covering with plastic film on the dropper laid;
3rd step, field planting also builds Small plastic shed, and March, early and middle ten days was by hami melon transplantation of seedlings field planting on mulch film, then built Small plastic shed on corresponding mulch film;
4th step, temperature after field planting controls, after hami melon Seedling field planting 3 days, in Small plastic shed, temperature reaches more than 35 DEG C and starts to leak informaton, in daytime Small plastic shed, temperature controls at 20 DEG C to 30 DEG C, in night Small plastic shed, temperature controls at 18 DEG C to 20 DEG C, April 10 to 20 removed Small plastic shed, field normal management after sowing in spring after removing Small plastic shed;
5th step, gathers, and when hami melon center, soluble solid reaches more than 14%, gathers, and is not later than June collection period 20 to 25;
6th step, ploughs deeply and is exposed to the sun, and hami melon is cleared up the residuum of hami melon crop and reclaims mulch film after gathering, then planting site is ploughed deeply 35cm to 40cm, sun the earth which has been ploughed up 10 days to 15 days after ploughing deeply;
7th step, prepare before autumn sowing, by every mu of planting site biological organic fertilizer 100kg to 120kg, compound fertilizer 20kg to 30kg, planting site sprinkles evenly and applies biological organic fertilizer and compound fertilizer, plough deeply 30cm to 40cm, then flatten, the planting site after leveling is laid dropper, covering with plastic film on the dropper laid;
8th step, autumn sowing, on July 10 to 20 is live on mulch film, 1 to 2, every cave hami melon seed sterilized, and autumn sowing is carried out line feed field planting, autumn sowing plantation row and plantation row of sowing in spring and is staggered, and then carries out field normal management after autumn sowing;
9th step, gathers, and hami melon center soluble solid reaches more than 14%, gathers. 6th step is ploughed deeply to be exposed to the sun and is easy to reduce pathogen. In 8th step, autumn sowing is carried out line feed field planting, autumn sowing plantation row and plantation row of sowing in spring and is staggered, it is simple to prevention soil-borne disease.
Embodiment 2, this land for growing field crops hami melon two crops a year multiple cropping cultural method processed, carry out in the steps below:
The first step, fertilising is also whole, by every mu of planting site decomposed manure 2000kg or 3000kg, compound fertilizer 40kg or 50kg, sprinkles evenly and applies decomposed manure and compound fertilizer, plough deeply 30cm or 40cm, then flatten in planting site;
Second step, lays dropper covering with plastic film, and the planting site after leveling is laid dropper, covering with plastic film on the dropper laid;
3rd step, field planting also builds Small plastic shed, and March, early and middle ten days was by hami melon transplantation of seedlings field planting on mulch film, then built Small plastic shed on corresponding mulch film;
4th step, temperature after field planting controls, after hami melon Seedling field planting 3 days, in Small plastic shed, temperature reaches more than 35 DEG C and starts to leak informaton, in daytime Small plastic shed, temperature controls at 20 DEG C or 30 DEG C, in night Small plastic shed, temperature controls at 18 DEG C or 20 DEG C, April 10 or 20 days remove Small plastic shed, field normal management after sowing in spring after removing Small plastic shed;
5th step, gathers, and when hami melon center, soluble solid reaches more than 14%, gathers, and is not later than June 20 or 25 days collection period;
6th step, ploughs deeply and is exposed to the sun, and hami melon is cleared up the residuum of hami melon crop and reclaims mulch film after gathering, then planting site is ploughed deeply 35cm or 40cm, sun the earth which has been ploughed up 10 days or 15 days after ploughing deeply;
7th step, prepare before autumn sowing, by every mu of planting site biological organic fertilizer 100kg or 120kg, compound fertilizer 20kg or 30kg, planting site sprinkles evenly and applies biological organic fertilizer and compound fertilizer, plough deeply 30cm or 40cm, then flatten, the planting site after leveling is laid dropper, covering with plastic film on the dropper laid;
8th step, autumn sowing, July 10 or 20 days are live on mulch film, 1 or 2, every cave hami melon seed sterilized, and autumn sowing is carried out line feed field planting, autumn sowing plantation row and plantation row of sowing in spring and is staggered, and then carries out field normal management after autumn sowing;
9th step, gathers, and hami melon center soluble solid reaches more than 14%, gathers.
Embodiment 3, this land for growing field crops hami melon two crops a year multiple cropping cultural method processed, carry out in the steps below:
The first step, fertilising is also whole, by every mu of planting site decomposed manure 2200kg, compound fertilizer 43kg, sprinkles evenly and applies decomposed manure and compound fertilizer, plough deeply 32cm, then flatten in planting site;
Second step, lays dropper covering with plastic film, and the planting site after leveling is laid dropper, covering with plastic film on the dropper laid;
3rd step, field planting also builds Small plastic shed, and March, early and middle ten days was by hami melon transplantation of seedlings field planting on mulch film, then built Small plastic shed on corresponding mulch film;
4th step, temperature after field planting controls, after hami melon Seedling field planting 3 days, in Small plastic shed, temperature reaches more than 35 DEG C and starts to leak informaton, in daytime Small plastic shed, temperature controls at 23 DEG C, in night Small plastic shed, temperature controls at 20 DEG C, April 13 removed Small plastic shed, field normal management after sowing in spring after removing Small plastic shed;
5th step, gathers, and when hami melon center, soluble solid reaches more than 14%, gathers, and is not later than June collection period 20 to 25;
6th step, ploughs deeply and is exposed to the sun, and hami melon is cleared up the residuum of hami melon crop and reclaims mulch film after gathering, then planting site is ploughed deeply 35cm, sun the earth which has been ploughed up 11 days after ploughing deeply;
7th step, prepares before autumn sowing, by every mu of planting site biological organic fertilizer 105kg, compound fertilizer 25kg, planting site sprinkles evenly and applies biological organic fertilizer and compound fertilizer, plough deeply 30cm, then flatten, planting site after leveling is laid dropper, covering with plastic film on the dropper laid;
8th step, autumn sowing, July 10 is live on mulch film, the hami melon seed sterilized in 1, every cave, and autumn sowing is carried out line feed field planting, autumn sowing plantation row and plantation row of sowing in spring and is staggered, and then carries out field normal management after autumn sowing;
9th step, gathers, and hami melon center soluble solid reaches more than 14%, gathers.
The present embodiment hami melon kind is western state honey 17, and during the 5th step is gathered, June 23, hami melon center soluble solid was 15%; The hami melon yield every mu that the hami melon yield of the present embodiment plantation obtains compared with traditional cultivation method improves 1.5 tons.
Embodiment 4, this land for growing field crops hami melon two crops a year multiple cropping cultural method processed, carry out in the steps below:
The first step, fertilising is also whole, by every mu of planting site decomposed manure 2500kg, compound fertilizer 45kg, sprinkles evenly and applies decomposed manure and compound fertilizer, plough deeply 35cm, then flatten in planting site;
Second step, lays dropper covering with plastic film, and the planting site after leveling is laid dropper, covering with plastic film on the dropper laid;
3rd step, field planting also builds Small plastic shed, and March, early and middle ten days was by hami melon transplantation of seedlings field planting on mulch film, then built Small plastic shed on corresponding mulch film;
4th step, temperature after field planting controls, after hami melon Seedling field planting 3 days, in Small plastic shed, temperature reaches more than 35 DEG C and starts to leak informaton, in daytime Small plastic shed, temperature controls at 27 DEG C, in night Small plastic shed, temperature controls at 20 DEG C, April 15 removed Small plastic shed, field normal management after sowing in spring after removing Small plastic shed;
5th step, gathers, and when hami melon center, soluble solid reaches more than 14%, gathers, and is not later than June collection period 20 to 25;
6th step, ploughs deeply and is exposed to the sun, and hami melon is cleared up the residuum of hami melon crop and reclaims mulch film after gathering, then planting site is ploughed deeply 40cm, sun the earth which has been ploughed up 13 days after ploughing deeply;
7th step, prepares before autumn sowing, by every mu of planting site biological organic fertilizer 110kg, compound fertilizer 25kg, planting site sprinkles evenly and applies biological organic fertilizer and compound fertilizer, plough deeply 30cm, then flatten, planting site after leveling is laid dropper, covering with plastic film on the dropper laid;
8th step, autumn sowing, July 10 is live on mulch film, the hami melon seed sterilized in 2, every cave, and autumn sowing is carried out line feed field planting, autumn sowing plantation row and plantation row of sowing in spring and is staggered, and then carries out field normal management after autumn sowing;
9th step, gathers, and hami melon center soluble solid reaches more than 14%, gathers.
The present embodiment hami melon kind is western state honey 17, and during the 5th step is gathered, June 23, hami melon center soluble solid was 17%; The hami melon yield every mu that the hami melon yield of the present embodiment plantation obtains compared with traditional cultivation method improves 1.8 tons.
Embodiment 5, this land for growing field crops hami melon two crops a year multiple cropping cultural method processed, carry out in the steps below:
The first step, fertilising is also whole, by every mu of planting site decomposed manure 2800kg, compound fertilizer 49kg, sprinkles evenly and applies decomposed manure and compound fertilizer, plough deeply 40cm, then flatten in planting site;
Second step, lays dropper covering with plastic film, and the planting site after leveling is laid dropper, covering with plastic film on the dropper laid;
3rd step, field planting also builds Small plastic shed, and March, early and middle ten days was by hami melon transplantation of seedlings field planting on mulch film, then built Small plastic shed on corresponding mulch film;
4th step, temperature after field planting controls, after hami melon Seedling field planting 3 days, in Small plastic shed, temperature reaches more than 35 DEG C and starts to leak informaton, in daytime Small plastic shed, temperature controls at 28 DEG C, in night Small plastic shed, temperature controls at 20 DEG C, April 18 removed Small plastic shed, field normal management after sowing in spring after removing Small plastic shed;
5th step, gathers, and when hami melon center, soluble solid reaches more than 14%, gathers, and is not later than June collection period 20 to 25;
6th step, ploughs deeply and is exposed to the sun, and hami melon is cleared up the residuum of hami melon crop and reclaims mulch film after gathering, then planting site is ploughed deeply 40cm, sun the earth which has been ploughed up 15 days after ploughing deeply;
7th step, prepares before autumn sowing, by every mu of planting site biological organic fertilizer 115kg, compound fertilizer 28kg, planting site sprinkles evenly and applies biological organic fertilizer and compound fertilizer, plough deeply 35cm, then flatten, planting site after leveling is laid dropper, covering with plastic film on the dropper laid;
8th step, autumn sowing, July 12 is live on mulch film, the hami melon seed sterilized in 2, every cave, and autumn sowing is carried out line feed field planting, autumn sowing plantation row and plantation row of sowing in spring and is staggered, and then carries out field normal management after autumn sowing;
9th step, gathers, and hami melon center soluble solid reaches more than 14%, gathers.
The present embodiment hami melon kind is western state honey 17, and during the 5th step is gathered, June 25, hami melon center soluble solid was 20%; The hami melon yield every mu that the hami melon yield of the present embodiment plantation obtains compared with traditional cultivation method improves 2.0 tons.
Embodiment 6, optimization as above-described embodiment, hami melon Seedling obtains as follows: in intelligent seedling cultivation greenhouse concentration plug media nursery, double break root graft technology and tip cutting is adopted to connect graft technology, graft stock adopts the glad anvil in pumpkin variety capital two, when melon Seedling length to 2 leaves to 3 leaf 1 heart, start seedling exercising 5 days to 7 days, after seedling exercising, obtain hami melon Seedling.
Embodiment 7, optimization as above-described embodiment, after spring sowing, field normal management carries out as follows: stretches climing phase and fruit expanding period and executes potassium dihydrogen phosphate 2kg to 3kg, punching fertilising 5kg to 8kg by every mu of planting site respectively, adopts double; two climing training, 4 to 5 true leaves time pinching, select and remain base portion stalwartness lateral bine, saving at lateral bine 6 and stay melon to 7 joints, keep down the vines of a creeping plant 1 time to 2 times during growth, upper reticulate pattern starts to turn over melon 2 times to 3 times, with weeds or toilet paper lid melon, with soil by covering with ground sheeting at the beginning of 5 months. So, day can be prevented to burn and pest and disease damage with weeds or toilet paper lid melon; It is easy to reduce ground temperature under film in covering with ground sheeting.
Embodiment 8, optimization as above-described embodiment, after autumn sowing, field normal management carries out as follows: after emerging, every morning or dusk drip 2 hours to 3 hours, 3 leaves were restrained the growth of seedlings 8 days to 10 days to 4 leaf phases, and the early flowering season starts to drip, and early flowering season and fruit expanding period were dripped once every 3 days to 5 days, drip 4h to 6h every time, the reticulate pattern formation phase dripped once every 5 days to 7 days, and drip 2h to 3h every time, gathers first 7 days and did not drip to 10 days;Fruit expanding period imposes compound fertilizer 3 times to 4 times, imposes compound fertilizer 5kg to 6kg by every mu of planting site every time, and the reticulate pattern formation phase imposes potassium sulfate 8kg to 10kg by every mu of planting site; Adopt single climing training, 5 to 6 true leaves time erase base portion lateral bud, 6 joints are sub climing more than saving to 8 stays 2 leaf pinching, climing to before Fruit taking out, selecting fine day to keep down the vines of a creeping plant every 30cm to 50cm, 8 joints to 10 joints stay melon, and children's melon length to egg size carries out selecting melon, the online initial stage starts to pad melon, set melon, and expanding stage turns over melon 2 times to 3 times; Hanging yellow plate prevention Bemisia tabaci, virus A and ZhiBingLing(SIC) prevent virus diseases.
Embodiment 9, as the optimization of above-described embodiment, in the third step, drips 30m by every mu of planting site before hami melon transplantation of seedlings field planting
3
To 60m
3
, first drip 1 day to 2 days, after dripping by hami melon transplantation of seedlings field planting on mulch film, survival after transplant two row hami melon Seedling on each row mulch film, spacing in the rows is 40cm to 50cm; The width of Small plastic shed is 2m to 2.5m, and the height of Small plastic shed is 50cm to 80cm.
Embodiment 10, optimization as above-described embodiment, in 8th step autumn sowing, the hami melon seed sterilized obtains as follows: hami melon seed 200 times of formalin solutions or 10% trisodium phosphate solution are soaked seed 1 hour to 2 hours, rinse 2 times to 3 times with clear water after seed soaking, the hami melon seed being sterilized after rinsing.
Embodiment 11, as the optimization of above-described embodiment, in the 8th step autumn sowing, first 3 days of autumn sowing is dripped 80m by every mu of planting site
3
To 120m
3
, fill foot pre-sowing water; Sowing two row during sowing on each row mulch film, depth of planting is 2cm to 3cm, and after planting pocket is obturaged by earthing 1cm to 2cm, then earthing on mulch film, and spacing in the rows is 40cm to 50cm. So, it is easy to reduce ground temperature under film in covering with ground sheeting.
Embodiment 12, as the optimization of above-described embodiment, the width of mulch film is 90cm to 120cm; Hami melon Seedling and the hami melon seed sterilized are 20cm to 25cm from the distance of the drip irrigation zone under corresponding mulch film; When hami melon transplantation of seedlings field planting and autumn sowing, little line-spacing is 40cm to 50cm, and wide row space is 280cm to 300cm. Little line-spacing and wide row space are all known general knowledge.
Embodiment 13, as the optimization of above-described embodiment, hami melon kind is western state honey 17 or western state honey 25.
Embodiment 14, as the optimization of above-described embodiment, stays 2cm to 3cm fruit stem to gather when hami melon is gathered.
In sum, the present invention utilizes batch production graft seedling growth technology and two film soverlay techniques, by optimum harvest, plough deeply be exposed to the sun, in good time autumn planting, line feed field planting, Scientific irrigation and green prevention and control technology, make full use of the sunlight-heat reaources of Turpan Basin, create the environmental condition being conducive to hami melon growth promoter to avoid pest and disease damage to occur, shorten the field production time, produce for hami melon in autumn and provide the sufficient production time and ensure that quality; The present invention compensate for the present situation of traditional cultivation method hami melon in summer the listing few and bad of season in late fall hami melon, the present invention improves 1.5 tons to 2.0 tons compared with the hami melon yield every mu that traditional cultivation method obtains simultaneously, improve soil multiple crop index, considerably increase the income of peasant household.
Above technical characteristic constitutes embodiments of the invention, and it has stronger adaptability and implementation result, can increase and decrease non-essential technical characteristic according to actual needs, meet the demand of different situations.
Claims (10)
1. a land for growing field crops hami melon two crops a year multiple cropping cultural method processed, it is characterised in that carry out in the steps below:
The first step, fertilising is also whole, by every mu of planting site decomposed manure 2000kg to 3000kg, compound fertilizer 40kg to 50kg, sprinkles evenly and applies decomposed manure and compound fertilizer, plough deeply 30cm to 40cm, then flatten in planting site;
Second step, lays dropper covering with plastic film, and the planting site after leveling is laid dropper, covering with plastic film on the dropper laid;
3rd step, field planting also builds Small plastic shed, and March, early and middle ten days was by hami melon transplantation of seedlings field planting on mulch film, then built Small plastic shed on corresponding mulch film;
4th step, temperature after field planting controls, after hami melon Seedling field planting 3 days, in Small plastic shed, temperature reaches more than 35 DEG C and starts to leak informaton, in daytime Small plastic shed, temperature controls at 20 DEG C to 30 DEG C, in night Small plastic shed, temperature controls at 18 DEG C to 20 DEG C, April 10 to 20 removed Small plastic shed, field normal management after sowing in spring after removing Small plastic shed;
5th step, gathers, and when hami melon center, soluble solid reaches more than 14%, gathers, and is not later than June collection period 20 to 25;
6th step, ploughs deeply and is exposed to the sun, and hami melon is cleared up the residuum of hami melon crop and reclaims mulch film after gathering, then planting site is ploughed deeply 35cm to 40cm, sun the earth which has been ploughed up 10 days to 15 days after ploughing deeply;
7th step, prepare before autumn sowing, by every mu of planting site biological organic fertilizer 100kg to 120kg, compound fertilizer 20kg to 30kg, planting site sprinkles evenly and applies biological organic fertilizer and compound fertilizer, plough deeply 30cm to 40cm, then flatten, the planting site after leveling is laid dropper, covering with plastic film on the dropper laid;
8th step, autumn sowing, on July 10 to 20 is live on mulch film, 1 to 2, every cave hami melon seed sterilized, and autumn sowing is carried out line feed field planting, autumn sowing plantation row and plantation row of sowing in spring and is staggered, and then carries out field normal management after autumn sowing;
9th step, gathers, and hami melon center soluble solid reaches more than 14%, gathers.
2. land for growing field crops according to claim 1 hami melon two crops a year multiple cropping cultural method processed, it is characterized in that hami melon Seedling obtains as follows: in intelligent seedling cultivation greenhouse concentration plug media nursery, double break root graft technology and tip cutting is adopted to connect graft technology, graft stock adopts the glad anvil in pumpkin variety capital two, when melon Seedling length to 2 leaves to 3 leaf 1 heart, start seedling exercising 5 days to 7 days, after seedling exercising, obtain hami melon Seedling.
3. land for growing field crops according to claim 1 and 2 hami melon two crops a year multiple cropping cultural method processed, after it is characterized in that spring sowing, field normal management carries out as follows: stretch the climing phase and fruit expanding period executes potassium dihydrogen phosphate 2kg to 3kg, punching fertilising 5kg to 8kg by every mu of planting site respectively, adopt double; two climing training, 4 to 5 true leaves time pinching, select and remain base portion stalwartness lateral bine, save to 7 to save at lateral bine 6 and stay melon, keep down the vines of a creeping plant during growth 1 time to 2 times, upper reticulate pattern starts to turn over melon 2 times to 3 times, with weeds or toilet paper lid melon, with soil by covering with ground sheeting at the beginning of 5 months.
4. the land for growing field crops hami melon two crops a year multiple cropping cultural method processed according to claim 1 or 2 or 3, after it is characterized in that autumn sowing, field normal management carries out as follows: after emerging, every morning or dusk drip 2 hours to 3 hours, 3 leaves were restrained the growth of seedlings 8 days to 10 days to 4 leaf phases, early flowering season starts to drip, early flowering season and fruit expanding period were dripped once every 3 days to 5 days, drip 4h to 6h every time, the reticulate pattern formation phase dripped once every 5 days to 7 days, drip 2h to 3h every time, gathers first 7 days and did not drip to 10 days; Fruit expanding period imposes compound fertilizer 3 times to 4 times, imposes compound fertilizer 5kg to 6kg by every mu of planting site every time, and the reticulate pattern formation phase imposes potassium sulfate 8kg to 10kg by every mu of planting site; Adopt single climing training, 5 to 6 true leaves time erase base portion lateral bud, 6 joints are sub climing more than saving to 8 stays 2 leaf pinching, climing to before Fruit taking out, selecting fine day to keep down the vines of a creeping plant every 30cm to 50cm, 8 joints to 10 joints stay melon, and children's melon length to egg size carries out selecting melon, the online initial stage starts to pad melon, set melon, and expanding stage turns over melon 2 times to 3 times;Hanging yellow plate prevention Bemisia tabaci, virus A and ZhiBingLing(SIC) prevent virus diseases.
5. the land for growing field crops hami melon according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 yields two crops a year multiple cropping cultural method processed, it is characterised in that in the 3rd step, drips 30m by every mu of planting site before hami melon transplantation of seedlings field planting3To 60m3, first drip 1 day to 2 days, after dripping by hami melon transplantation of seedlings field planting on mulch film, survival after transplant two row hami melon Seedling on each row mulch film, spacing in the rows is 40cm to 50cm; The width of Small plastic shed is 2m to 2.5m, and the height of Small plastic shed is 50cm to 80cm.
6. the land for growing field crops hami melon two crops a year multiple cropping cultural method processed according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 5, it is characterized in that in the 8th step autumn sowing, the hami melon seed sterilized obtains as follows: hami melon seed 200 times of formalin solutions or 10% trisodium phosphate solution are soaked seed 1 hour to 2 hours, rinse 2 times to 3 times with clear water after seed soaking, the hami melon seed being sterilized after rinsing.
7. the land for growing field crops hami melon according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 5 or 6 yields two crops a year multiple cropping cultural method processed, it is characterised in that in the 8th step autumn sowing, and first 3 days of autumn sowing is dripped 80m by every mu of planting site3To 120m3, fill foot pre-sowing water; Sowing two row during sowing on each row mulch film, depth of planting is 2cm to 3cm, and after planting pocket is obturaged by earthing 1cm to 2cm, then earthing on mulch film, and spacing in the rows is 40cm to 50cm.
8. the land for growing field crops hami melon two crops a year multiple cropping cultural method processed according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 5 or 6 or 7, it is characterised in that the width of mulch film is 90cm to 120cm; Hami melon Seedling and the hami melon seed sterilized are 20cm to 25cm from the distance of the drip irrigation zone under corresponding mulch film; When hami melon transplantation of seedlings field planting and autumn sowing, little line-spacing is 40cm to 50cm, and wide row space is 280cm to 300cm.
9. the land for growing field crops hami melon two crops a year multiple cropping cultural method processed according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 5 or 6 or 7 or 8, it is characterised in that hami melon kind is western state honey 17 or western state honey 25.
10. the land for growing field crops hami melon two crops a year multiple cropping cultural method processed according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 5 or 6 or 7 or 8 or 9, it is characterised in that stay 2cm to 3cm fruit stem to gather when hami melon is gathered.
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| CN106900315A (en) * | 2017-02-04 | 2017-06-30 | 吐鲁番市农业科学研究院(新疆农业科学院吐鲁番农业科学研究所) | A kind of cultural method of "Hami" melon Forage Sorghum |
| CN107455126A (en) * | 2017-08-24 | 2017-12-12 | 广西沙田仙人滩农业投资有限公司 | A kind of cultural method for improving "Hami" melon yield |
| CN108076986A (en) * | 2017-12-13 | 2018-05-29 | 佛山汇沐化学科技有限公司 | A kind of "Hami" melon implantation methods rich in various trace elements |
| CN110278838A (en) * | 2019-07-29 | 2019-09-27 | 吐鲁番市农业技术推广中心 | A kind of trickle irrigation implantation methods of heliogreenhouse "Hami" melon and chive crop rotation |
| CN110278838B (en) * | 2019-07-29 | 2021-08-03 | 吐鲁番市农业技术推广中心 | Drip irrigation planting method for rotation of Hami melons and chives in sunlight greenhouse |
| CN110249949A (en) * | 2019-08-02 | 2019-09-20 | 吐鲁番市农业技术推广中心 | A kind of open country arched shed onion and "Hami" melon crop rotation trickle irrigation implantation methods |
| CN110249949B (en) * | 2019-08-02 | 2021-06-15 | 吐鲁番市农业技术推广中心 | Open field arched shed onion and Hami melon crop rotation drip irrigation planting method |
| CN110679380A (en) * | 2019-11-04 | 2020-01-14 | 寿光市润宏农业科技有限公司 | Grape cultivation management method |
| CN111357579A (en) * | 2020-03-06 | 2020-07-03 | 光泽县富民蔬菜专业合作社 | Method for improving commodity of Hami melons in pruning mode |
| CN113229066A (en) * | 2021-06-03 | 2021-08-10 | 吐鲁番市农业技术推广中心 | No-tillage drip irrigation planting method for Hami melons in autumn |
| CN113973662A (en) * | 2021-09-02 | 2022-01-28 | 新疆农业科学院哈密瓜研究中心 | Cultivation method for planting Hami melons in northern facilities in two seasons in one year |
| CN114145195A (en) * | 2021-11-30 | 2022-03-08 | 吐鲁番市农业技术推广中心 | One-year two-cropping drip irrigation cultivation planting method for field watermelons |
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