CN105359777B - A kind of cultural method of highlands sponge gourd whole year production - Google Patents
A kind of cultural method of highlands sponge gourd whole year production Download PDFInfo
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- CN105359777B CN105359777B CN201510681689.3A CN201510681689A CN105359777B CN 105359777 B CN105359777 B CN 105359777B CN 201510681689 A CN201510681689 A CN 201510681689A CN 105359777 B CN105359777 B CN 105359777B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
- A01G13/02—Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
- A01G13/0256—Ground coverings
- A01G13/0268—Mats or sheets, e.g. nets or fabrics
- A01G13/0275—Films
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/02—Methods or apparatus for hybridisation; Artificial pollination ; Fertility
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of cultural method of highlands sponge gourd whole year production, its step includes seed treatment, nursery, is colonized and period management of blooming, and the mode cultivated by using corrugate is colonized, be advantageous to increase spacing in the rows, line-spacing, the appropriate planting density for reducing sponge gourd, and temperature and humidity conditions, Pollination Modes, fertilization mode when being planted by strictly controlling sponge gourd, each plant of sponge gourd rice shoot is enabled fully to obtain sunlight, improve photosynthesis, promote the accumulation of dry, and then yield can be improved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the technical field of plant culture, and in particular to a kind of cultivation side of highlands sponge gourd whole year production
Method.
Background technology
Sponge gourd (Luffa cylindrical) belongs to the warm heat resistance vegetables of happiness, and whole growth and development process is required for higher
Temperature, average production temperature is between 20-30 DEG C, and because highlands mean temperature is relatively low, the temperature difference is big, turn into sponge gourd realization
The bottleneck of whole year production, has especially arrived that winter temperature is lower, and sponge gourd yield also decreases.
The content of the invention
In order to solve above mentioned problem existing for prior art, the invention provides a kind of highlands sponge gourd whole year production
Cultural method.The purpose of the present invention is exactly by way of trench digging, increases spacing in the rows, line-spacing and the control of humiture and fertilising side
The change of formula, solve the whole year production that sponge gourd is realized in highlands, and higher yield can be obtained.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is：
A kind of cultural method of highlands sponge gourd whole year production, it comprises the following steps：
(1) seed is handled：After seed is scalded into kind of the 4-6 seconds using boiling water, 7-9 hours are soaked in 50-60 DEG C of warm water, it
After be placed under 31-33 DEG C of environment progress vernalization 12-15 hours, sowed after seed shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally germination；
(2) nursery：Matrix plus water are mixed and add hole tray, per bunch planting one seed of kind, carries out nursery；
(3) it is colonized：The seedling obtained to nursery carries out greenhouse field planting, is cultivated using corrugate, 15-25 centimetres of ditch depth, furrow width
15-25 centimetres, the distance between adjacent two ditch is 1-1.5 rice, is colonized in the both sides of ditch, and field planting point is apart from ditch back gauge
25-30 centimetres, spacing in the rows is 55-75 centimetres；
Temperature and humidity management after field planting：Day temperature is maintained at 25-36 DEG C, and nocturnal temperature is maintained at 15-20 DEG C, phase
68-72% is maintained to humidity, uniformly watering；
(4) bloom period management：Artificial pollination is carried out for sponge gourd, is specially：Every plant of sponge gourd is pollinated at interval of a section, not
One section of pollination removes all female flower and malformed flower；
After carrying out field planting 40-45 days, start to pluck sponge gourd successively；After having plucked every time, the old leaf and yellow leaf of base portion are destroyed,
And constantly carry out putting seedling in sponge gourd growth course, sponge gourd seedling is remained 1.5-2m height.
Before carrying out greenhouse field planting to seedling, base manure is first applied in greenhouse, the composition of the base manure is：Decay sheep excrement
3800-4200 parts by weight, calcium superphosphate 35-45 parts by weight, potassium sulfate 35-45 parts by weight, nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer 45-55 weight
Part, dregs of fat 80-120 parts by weight.
Before carrying out greenhouse field planting to seedling, also soil is sterilized and desinsection is handled, is specially：Using 90-110 weight
The carbendazim, the continuous cropping No.1 of 90-110 parts by weight, the abamectin emulsifiable concentrate of 90-110 parts by volume of part are carried out after being well mixed, spray
Spill in soil.
After first sponge gourd is plucked, top dressing is carried out, fertilizer application formula is：Sheep manure 20-30 parts by weight, dregs of fat 2-3 weight
Part, calcium superphosphate 0.4-0.6 parts by weight, nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer 0.4-0.6 parts by weight, potassium sulfate 0.4-0.6 parts by weight.
The top dressing is monthly carried out once, and the top dressing is to be carried out using mode of spreading manuer in holes at the intermediate point of adjacent two ditch,
Fertilizer is covered with soil after top dressing.
During field planting, cultivated using isosceles triangle.
Temperature treatment after field planting is：Strengthen ventilation during more than 30 DEG C of day temperature.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effects of the present invention are：
1st, plantation sponge gourd density is excessive in the prior art, and spacing in the rows and line-spacing are smaller；Most of plantation is using ridging
Cropping pattern, its shortcoming are mainly that watering is not easy to irrigate.And the present invention reduces such ask using Furrow sowing pattern can
The generation of topic, by using low-density species implant model so that each plant of sponge gourd rice shoot can fully obtain sunlight, improve light
Cooperation is used, and promotes the accumulation of dry, and then can improve yield.
2nd, the management mode of plantation sponge gourd is extensive in the prior art, and humiture is not well controlled, and the present invention is logical
Temperature and humidity conditions during strict control sponge gourd plantation are crossed, are especially strictly controlled to winter for switching the time of cotton-wadded quilt,
To be incubated, be advantageous to the accumulation and release of evening temperature.
3rd, traditional Pollination Modes are all that the female flower of whole strain is pollinated, although setting percentage can be improved, excessive
Fruit due to later stage nutrition, moisture, illumination competition and single sponge gourd individual is small, commodity rate is low.The present invention is awarded by interval
The mode of powder, while suitable control setting percentage so that sponge gourd individual weight is greatly improved, and commodity rate is high.
4th, traditional fertilization mode is mainly applied by watering, and this fertilization mode causes sponge gourd to the utilization rate of fertilizer significantly
Reduce, and cause the waste of fertilizer；The present invention is applied fertilizer by way of taking and spreading manuer in holes in the center of two plantation points, energy
The utilization rate of fertilizer is enough improved, and can realize and carry out Tree Precise Fertilization in different growth periods.
5th, the mode of traditional covering mulch film, all it is on the whole ridge of covering, carries out being colonized sponge gourd seedling in the both sides on ridge；And
It is of the invention then realized by the way of trench digging, it is colonized in the both sides of ditch, and film is covered on whole ditch, so
The evaporation of moisture can be reduced in watering, and then reduces the humidity in greenhouse, reduces the generation of disease.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the longitudinal sectional drawing of greenhouse soil of the present invention.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
The invention provides a kind of cultural method of highlands sponge gourd whole year production, it comprises the following steps：
(1), greenhouse firstly the need of apply base manure and soil is sterilized and desinsection handle：Decay sheep excrement 4000kg, mistake
Calcium phosphate 40kg, potassium sulfate 40kg, the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer 50kg of active ingredient >=45%, dregs of fat 100kg.Apply agricultural chemicals：It is more
Bacterium spirit 100g, continuous cropping No.1 100g, 1.8% abamectin emulsifiable concentrate 100ml (active ingredient about 1.8g), mixing sprinkling are uniformly laggard
Capable ridging of ploughing；
(2), " emerging vegetable is early good " variety of luffa cultivated from Hunan academy of agricultural sciences；
(3) seed treatment, was carried out at the beginning of 7 months：Boiling water switchs to 55 DEG C of water seed soakings 7 hours after scalding kinds 4 seconds, be placed in temperature and set
It is set to 31 DEG C of germinating box, vernalization 12 hours.August is just colonized, and starts mid-September to harvest successively；
(4), after vernalization, start to sow after seed shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally, per bunch planting one seed of kind, using 50 hole trays, seedling medium
Using the common vegetable seedling medium bought from market；
(5), start to be colonized when seedling grows to 21 heart of leaf；
(6), the heliogreenhouse used：Span 6m, length 60m, is cultivated using corrugate, is as shown in Figure 1 greenhouse soil
Longitudinal sectional drawing, ditch depth 20cm (distance H), furrow width 20cm (distance I), it is colonized in the both sides of ditch, spacing in the rows 60cm, using product
Font is cultivated, if D, E, F in Fig. 1 are field planting point, wherein field planting point D is 27cm (distance A) apart from ditch back gauge, field planting point
D, the distance between E B are 75cm, and the distance between field planting point E, F C are 75cm；Every greenhouse sets 40 ditches, adjacent two ditch it
Between distance be 1.3m (distance J), be colonized 20 plants of sponge gourd seedling altogether in the both sides of ditch, 0.5 mu of heliogreenhouse is colonized 800 altogether
Strain；
(7) seedling management after, being colonized：Day temperature strengthens ventilation when being higher than 30 DEG C, and nocturnal temperature is maintained at 18-20
℃；Humidity is maintained at 70% or so；
(8), the management in florescence：After 10 points of every morning, pollen is gradually scattered, and artificial pollination is carried out for sponge gourd；Award
Powder method：Every plant of sponge gourd needs to be pollinated at interval of a section, and the section do not pollinated needs to remove all female flower and malformed flower,
In order to avoid waste nutrient；
After carrying out field planting 40-45 days, start to pluck sponge gourd successively；The harvesting of first sponge gourd finishes, and starts top dressing, monthly chases after
Apply once, fertilizer application formula is as follows：Sheep manure 25kg, dregs of fat 2.5kg, calcium superphosphate 0.5kg, nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer 0.5kg, potassium sulfate
0.5kg, most middle (G points) in two ditches is imposed, covered using spreading manuer in holes, and with soil, fertilizer can not expose；
After each sponge gourd has been plucked, bottom old leaf is removed in time；To put seedling in time in sponge gourd growth course so that silk
Melon seedling remains at 1.5-2m height；Sponge gourd 50kg or so is plucked in every 0.5 mu of greenhouse daily, and annual production is reachable
18000kg；
(9), temperature treatment：After August field planting based on ventilation, the lid cotton-wadded quilt since night after September 20 days, daytime temperature
Degree starts to divulge information higher than 30 DEG C；During 15-January 15 December, to strengthen temperature treatment, day temperature is maintained at 35 DEG C, night
Between temperature be maintained at 15 DEG C.When shine upon cotton-wadded quilt in the morning, cotton-wadded quilt is gradually opened, 5. -5 thirty of evening close cotton-wadded quilt in time,
To be incubated；When day temperature is higher than more than 35 DEG C, progressively to divulge information, open 1cm skylights every time；
Water management：Periodically watering, optimal watering time is the fine day morning；Seedling stage：6-7d waters once, pours every time full
Ditch；Fruiting period：Per 4d, watering is every time 2/3rds ditches once.
Embodiment 2
The invention provides a kind of cultural method of highlands sponge gourd whole year production, it comprises the following steps：
(1), greenhouse firstly the need of apply base manure and soil is sterilized and desinsection handle：Decay sheep excrement 3800kg, mistake
Calcium phosphate 45kg, potassium sulfate 35kg, the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer 55kg of active ingredient >=45%, dregs of fat 80kg.Apply agricultural chemicals：More bacterium
Clever 90g, continuous cropping No.1 110g, 1.8% abamectin emulsifiable concentrate 90ml (active ingredient about 1.62g), mixing sprinkling are uniformly laggard
Capable ridging of ploughing；
(2), " emerging vegetable is early good " variety of luffa cultivated from Hunan academy of agricultural sciences；
(3) seed treatment, was carried out at the beginning of 7 months：Boiling water switchs to 50 DEG C of water seed soakings 8 hours after scalding kinds 5 seconds, be placed in temperature and set
It is set to 32 DEG C of germinating box, vernalization 15 hours；
(4), after vernalization, start to sow after seed shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally, per bunch planting one seed of kind, using 50 hole trays, seedling medium
Using the common vegetable seedling medium bought from market；
(5), start to be colonized when seedling grows to 21 heart of leaf；
(6), the heliogreenhouse used：Span 6m, length 60m, is cultivated using corrugate, is as shown in Figure 1 greenhouse soil
Longitudinal sectional drawing, ditch depth 15cm (distance H), furrow width 15cm (distance I), it is colonized in the both sides of ditch, spacing in the rows 55cm (distances
C), cultivated using isosceles triangle, if D, E, F in Fig. 1 are field planting point, wherein field planting point D is 25cm (distances apart from ditch back gauge
A), it is 65cm to be colonized the distance between point D, E B, and the distance between field planting point E, F C are 55cm；Every greenhouse sets 40 ditches,
The distance between adjacent two ditch is 1m (distance J), is colonized 20 plants of sponge gourd seedling altogether in the both sides of ditch, and 0.5 mu of heliogreenhouse is total to
800 plants of field planting；
(7) seedling management after, being colonized：Day temperature strengthens ventilation when being higher than 30 DEG C, and nocturnal temperature is maintained at 18-20
℃；Humidity is maintained at 70% or so；
(8), the management in florescence：After 10 points of every morning, pollen is gradually scattered, and artificial pollination is carried out for sponge gourd；Award
Powder method：Every plant of sponge gourd needs to be pollinated at interval of a section, and the section do not pollinated needs to remove all female flower and malformed flower,
In order to avoid waste nutrient；
August is just colonized, and starts mid-September to harvest successively；The harvesting of first sponge gourd finishes, and starts top dressing, monthly chases after
Apply once, fertilizer application formula is as follows：Sheep manure 20kg, dregs of fat 3kg, calcium superphosphate 0.4kg, nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer 0.6kg, potassium sulfate
0.4kg, most middle (G points) in two ditches is imposed, covered using spreading manuer in holes, and with soil, fertilizer can not expose；
After each sponge gourd has been plucked, bottom old leaf is removed in time；To put seedling in time in sponge gourd growth course so that silk
Melon seedling remains at 1.5-2m height；Sponge gourd 50kg or so is plucked in every 0.5 mu of greenhouse daily, and annual production is reachable
18000kg；
(9), temperature treatment：After August field planting based on ventilation, the lid cotton-wadded quilt since night after September 20 days, daytime temperature
Degree starts to divulge information higher than 30 DEG C.During 15-January 15 December, to strengthen temperature treatment, day temperature is maintained at 25 DEG C, night
Between temperature be maintained at 18 DEG C；When shine upon cotton-wadded quilt in the morning, cotton-wadded quilt is gradually opened, 5. -5 thirty of evening close cotton-wadded quilt in time,
To be incubated；When day temperature is higher than more than 35 DEG C, progressively to divulge information, open 1cm skylights every time；
Water management：Periodically watering, optimal watering time is the fine day morning；Seedling stage：6-7d waters once, pours every time full
Ditch.Fruiting period：Per 4d, watering is every time 2/3rds ditches once.
Embodiment 3
The invention provides a kind of cultural method of highlands sponge gourd whole year production, it comprises the following steps：
(1), greenhouse firstly the need of apply base manure and soil is sterilized and desinsection handle：Decay sheep excrement 4200kg, mistake
Calcium phosphate 35kg, potassium sulfate 45kg, composite fertilizer 45kg, dregs of fat 120kg.Apply agricultural chemicals：Carbendazim 110g, continuous cropping No.1 90g,
1.8% abamectin emulsifiable concentrate 110ml (active ingredient about 1.98g), ridging of ploughing is carried out after mixing sprinkling uniformly；
(2), " emerging vegetable is early good " variety of luffa cultivated from Hunan academy of agricultural sciences；
(3) seed treatment, was carried out at the beginning of 7 months：Boiling water switchs to 60 DEG C of water seed soakings 9 hours after scalding kinds 6 seconds, be placed in temperature and set
It is set to 33 DEG C of germinating box, vernalization 13 hours；
(4), after vernalization, start to sow after seed shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally, per bunch planting one seed of kind, using 50 hole trays, seedling medium
Using the common vegetable seedling medium bought from market；
(5), start to be colonized when seedling grows to 21 heart of leaf；
(6), the heliogreenhouse used：Span 6m, length 60m, is cultivated using corrugate, is as shown in Figure 1 greenhouse soil
Longitudinal sectional drawing, ditch depth 25cm (distance H), furrow width 25cm (distance I), it is colonized in the both sides of ditch, spacing in the rows 75cm (distances
C), cultivated using isosceles triangle, if D, E, F in Fig. 1 are field planting point, wherein field planting point D is 30cm (distances apart from ditch back gauge
A), it is 65cm to be colonized the distance between point D, E B, and the distance between field planting point E, F C are 75cm；Every greenhouse sets 40 ditches,
The distance between adjacent two ditch is 1.5m (distance J), is colonized 20 plants of sponge gourd seedling, 0.5 mu of heliogreenhouse altogether in the both sides of ditch
800 plants are colonized altogether；
(7) seedling management after, being colonized：Day temperature is maintained at 25-30 DEG C, strengthens ventilation, night temperature during higher than 30 DEG C
Degree is maintained at 15-20 DEG C；Relative humidity is maintained at 68-72%；
(8), the management in florescence：After 10 points of every morning, pollen is gradually scattered, and artificial pollination is carried out for sponge gourd；Award
Powder method：Every plant of sponge gourd needs to be pollinated at interval of a section, and the section do not pollinated needs to remove all female flower and malformed flower,
In order to avoid waste nutrient；
August is just colonized, and starts mid-September to harvest successively；The harvesting of first sponge gourd finishes, and starts top dressing, monthly chases after
Apply once, fertilizer application formula is as follows：Sheep manure 30kg, dregs of fat 2kg, calcium superphosphate 0.6kg, nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer 0.4kg, potassium sulfate
0.6kg, most middle (G points) in two ditches is imposed, covered using spreading manuer in holes, and with soil, fertilizer can not expose；
After each sponge gourd has been plucked, bottom old leaf is removed in time；To put seedling in time in sponge gourd growth course so that silk
Melon seedling remains at 1.5-2m height；Sponge gourd 50kg or so is plucked in every 0.5 mu of greenhouse daily, and annual production is reachable
18000kg；
(9), temperature treatment：After August field planting based on ventilation, the lid cotton-wadded quilt since night after September 20 days, daytime temperature
Degree starts to divulge information higher than 30 DEG C.During 15-January 15 December, to strengthen temperature treatment, day temperature is maintained at 25 DEG C, night
Between temperature be maintained at 18 DEG C；When shine upon cotton-wadded quilt in the morning, cotton-wadded quilt is gradually opened, 5. -5 thirty of evening close cotton-wadded quilt in time,
To be incubated；When day temperature is higher than more than 35 DEG C, progressively to divulge information, open 1cm skylights every time；
Water management：Periodically watering, optimal watering time is the fine day morning；Seedling stage：6-7d waters once, pours every time full
Ditch.Fruiting period：Per 4d, watering is every time 2/3rds ditches once.
Embodiment 4
The invention provides a kind of cultural method of highlands sponge gourd whole year production, it comprises the following steps：
(1), " emerging vegetable is early good " variety of luffa cultivated from Hunan academy of agricultural sciences；
(2) seed treatment, was carried out at the beginning of 7 months：Boiling water switchs to 55 DEG C of water seed soakings 7 hours after scalding kinds 4 seconds, be placed in temperature and set
It is set to 31 DEG C of germinating box, vernalization 12 hours.August is just colonized, and starts mid-September to harvest successively；
(3), after vernalization, start to sow after seed shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally, per bunch planting one seed of kind, using 50 hole trays, seedling medium
Using the common vegetable seedling medium bought from market；
(4), start to be colonized when seedling grows to 21 heart of leaf；
(5), the heliogreenhouse used：Span 6m, length 60m, is cultivated using corrugate, is as shown in Figure 1 greenhouse soil
Longitudinal sectional drawing, ditch depth 20cm (distance H), furrow width 20cm (distance I), it is colonized in the both sides of ditch, spacing in the rows 60cm, using product
Font is cultivated, if D, E, F in Fig. 1 are field planting point, wherein field planting point D is 27cm (distance A) apart from ditch back gauge, field planting point
D, the distance between E B are 75cm, and the distance between field planting point E, F C are 75cm；Every greenhouse sets 40 ditches, adjacent two ditch it
Between distance be 1.3m (distance J), be colonized 20 plants of sponge gourd seedling altogether in the both sides of ditch, 0.5 mu of heliogreenhouse is colonized 800 altogether
Strain；
(6) seedling management after, being colonized：Day temperature strengthens ventilation when being higher than 30 DEG C, and nocturnal temperature is maintained at 18-20
℃；Humidity is maintained at 70% or so；
(7), the management in florescence：After 10 points of every morning, pollen is gradually scattered, and artificial pollination is carried out for sponge gourd；Award
Powder method：Every plant of sponge gourd needs to be pollinated at interval of a section, and the section do not pollinated needs to remove all female flower and malformed flower,
In order to avoid waste nutrient；
After carrying out field planting 40-45 days, start to pluck sponge gourd successively；The harvesting of first sponge gourd finishes, and starts top dressing, monthly chases after
Apply once, fertilizer application formula is as follows：Sheep manure 25kg, dregs of fat 2.5kg, calcium superphosphate 0.5kg, nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer 0.5kg, potassium sulfate
0.5kg, most middle (G points) in two ditches is imposed, covered using spreading manuer in holes, and with soil, fertilizer can not expose；
After each sponge gourd has been plucked, bottom old leaf is removed in time；To put seedling in time in sponge gourd growth course so that silk
Melon seedling remains at 1.5-2m height；Sponge gourd 50kg or so is plucked in every 0.5 mu of greenhouse daily, and annual production is reachable
18000kg；
(8), temperature treatment：After August field planting based on ventilation, the lid cotton-wadded quilt since night after September 20 days, daytime temperature
Degree starts to divulge information higher than 30 DEG C；During 15-January 15 December, to strengthen temperature treatment, day temperature is maintained at 35 DEG C, night
Between temperature be maintained at 15 DEG C.When shine upon cotton-wadded quilt in the morning, cotton-wadded quilt is gradually opened, 5. -5 thirty of evening close cotton-wadded quilt in time,
To be incubated；When day temperature is higher than more than 35 DEG C, progressively to divulge information, open 1cm skylights every time；
Water management：Periodically watering, optimal watering time is the fine day morning；Seedling stage：6-7d waters once, pours every time full
Ditch；Fruiting period：Per 4d, watering is every time 2/3rds ditches once.
The present invention is not limited to above-mentioned preferred forms, and anyone can show that other are various under the enlightenment of the present invention
The product of form, however, make any change in its shape or structure, it is every that there is skill identical or similar to the present application
Art scheme, is within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
- A kind of 1. cultural method of highlands sponge gourd whole year production, it is characterised in that：Comprise the following steps：(1) seed is handled：After seed is scalded into kind of 4-6 seconds using boiling water, 7-9 hours are soaked in 50-60 DEG C of warm water, it is rearmounted Vernalization 12-15 hours are carried out under 31-33 DEG C of environment, are sowed after seed shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally germination；(2) nursery：Matrix plus water are mixed and add hole tray, carries out nursery；(3) it is colonized：Base manure is first applied in greenhouse, the composition of the base manure is：Decay sheep excrement 3800-4200 parts by weight, cross phosphorus Sour calcium 35-45 parts by weight, potassium sulfate 35-45 parts by weight, nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer 45-55 parts by weight, dregs of fat 80-120 parts by weight；Also soil is sterilized and desinsection is handled, is specially：Using the carbendazim of 90-110 parts by weight, 90-110 parts by weight Continuous cropping No.1, the abamectin emulsifiable concentrate of 90-110 parts by volume are carried out after being well mixed, and are sprayed on soil；The seedling obtained afterwards to nursery carries out greenhouse field planting, is cultivated using corrugate, 15-25 centimetres of ditch depth, 15-25 lis of furrow width The distance between rice, adjacent two ditch are 1-1.5 rice, are colonized in the both sides of ditch, and field planting point is 25-30 lis apart from ditch back gauge Rice, spacing in the rows are 55-75 centimetres；Temperature and humidity management after field planting：Day temperature is maintained at 25-36 DEG C, and nocturnal temperature is maintained at 15-20 DEG C, relatively wet Degree is maintained at 68-72%, uniformly watering；(4) bloom period management：Artificial pollination is carried out for sponge gourd, is specially：Every plant of sponge gourd is pollinated at interval of a section, is not pollinated A section remove all female flower and malformed flower；After carrying out field planting 40-45 days, start to pluck sponge gourd successively；After having plucked every time, the old leaf and yellow leaf of base portion are destroyed, and Constantly carry out putting seedling in sponge gourd growth course, sponge gourd seedling is remained 1.5-2m height.
- 2. the cultural method of sponge gourd whole year production in highlands according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：First sponge gourd After harvesting, top dressing is carried out, fertilizer application formula is：Sheep manure 20-30 parts by weight, dregs of fat 2-3 parts by weight, calcium superphosphate 0.4-0.6 Parts by weight, nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer 0.4-0.6 parts by weight, potassium sulfate 0.4-0.6 parts by weight.
- 3. the cultural method of sponge gourd whole year production in highlands according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：The top dressing is every The moon is carried out once, and the top dressing is to be carried out using mode of spreading manuer in holes at the intermediate point of adjacent two ditch, and fertilizer is covered with soil after top dressing Lid.
- 4. the cultural method of sponge gourd whole year production in highlands according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：During field planting, adopt Cultivated with isosceles triangle.
- 5. the cultural method of sponge gourd whole year production in highlands according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：Temperature after field planting Spending management is：Strengthen ventilation during more than 30 DEG C of day temperature.
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| CN201510681689.3A CN105359777B (en) | 2015-10-19 | 2015-10-19 | A kind of cultural method of highlands sponge gourd whole year production |
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| CN201510681689.3A CN105359777B (en) | 2015-10-19 | 2015-10-19 | A kind of cultural method of highlands sponge gourd whole year production |
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| CN110915569A (en) * | 2018-08-31 | 2020-03-27 | 广西优吉屯农业科技有限公司 | Planting method of towel gourds |
| CN111961740B (en) * | 2020-06-29 | 2024-03-26 | 湖南省蔬菜研究所 | SSR primer and method for identifying purity of early-optimal luffa hybrid seeds |
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| CN102037837A (en) * | 2009-10-26 | 2011-05-04 | 杨青 | High-yield cultivation technology of five-leaf fragrant luffa |
| CN102369833A (en) * | 2010-08-23 | 2012-03-14 | 陈迪娟 | Loofah high-yield culture technique in greenhouse |
| CN102475027A (en) * | 2010-11-28 | 2012-05-30 | 刘玲 | Cultivation technology for high-quality and high-yield towel gourds |
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