CN106973672A - A kind of cultivating superior high-yield method of muskmelon - Google Patents
A kind of cultivating superior high-yield method of muskmelon Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106973672A CN106973672A CN201710174994.2A CN201710174994A CN106973672A CN 106973672 A CN106973672 A CN 106973672A CN 201710174994 A CN201710174994 A CN 201710174994A CN 106973672 A CN106973672 A CN 106973672A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- melon
- seedling
- climing
- fertilizer
- fruit
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C5/00—Fertilisers containing other nitrates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D1/00—Fertilisers containing potassium
- C05D1/02—Manufacture from potassium chloride or sulfate or double or mixed salts thereof
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a kind of cultivating superior high-yield method of muskmelon, this method comprises the following steps：(1), the selection of the place of production and production facility；(2), begin sowing in good time nursery, nurturing staff；(3), fertilising site preparation；(4), field planting in time, hangs climing cultivation；(5), single climing training, selects and remain sub climing bear fruit；(6), heavy dressing swelling melon fertilizer water, increases high potassium foliage fertilizer；(7) canopy temperature, timely collecting, are regulated and controled.The cultivating superior high-yield method of the muskmelon of the present invention, cultivation whole process subtracts and applies chemical pesticide, it is to avoid residues of pesticides are exceeded；Base manure is selected based on the organic fertilizers such as chicken manure, sheep manure and rapeseed cake, and the residual for reducing nitrate and heavy metal etc. in fruit is exceeded；The swollen melon phase increases high potassium foliage fertilizer, significantly improves the taste flavor of fruit, while extending its production and supply phase.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of crop cultivation, more particularly to a kind of cultivating superior high-yield method of muskmelon.
Background technology
China is the important area of origin of Melon, has derived many local characteristic Thin Skin Muskmelon Varieties types.Booth woods is avenged
Melon is Jinshan District booth woods, precious farmers''s melon variety of Zhu Hangyi bands, and the kind has high-quality, heat-resisting, humidity etc.
Excellent agronomic characteristics are fragrant and sweet tasty and refreshing and well-known with Fresh ＆ Tender in Texture crisp.For a long time, China's Melon traditional cultivation pattern
Predominantly summer sowing outdoor cropping, product is listed at the beginning of August by the end of July, and supply time is extremely short.And because cultivation technique is extensive, product matter
Amount is poor, yields poorly.Accordingly, it would be desirable to develop a kind of cultivating superior high-yield method of muskmelon.
The content of the invention
The invention provides a kind of cultivating superior high-yield method of muskmelon, this method comprises the following steps：
(1), the selection of the place of production and production facility；(2), begin sowing in good time nursery, nurturing staff；(3), fertilising site preparation；
(4), field planting in time, hangs climing cultivation；(5), single climing training, selects and remain sub climing bear fruit；(6), heavy dressing swelling melon fertilizer water, increases high potassium
Foliar fertilizer；(7) canopy temperature, timely collecting, are regulated and controled.
Specifically, a kind of cultivating superior high-yield method of muskmelon of the invention, comprises the following steps：
First, the selection of the place of production and production facility：Selection home environment meets NY/T391 Green Food Producing Area environmental conditions,
And physical features is high and dry, irrigation and drainage are convenient, the deep plot of soil layer.Meanwhile, the production of muskmelon is carried out using spring sowing Protectorate cultivation pattern,
Protect facility from steelframe booth wide 8m, the length control of canopy is advisable at 50-80 meters.
2nd, begin sowing in good time nursery, nurturing staff：In Jiangsu-zhejiang Shanghai Area Anhui area, during annual 15 days to March 52 months,
Three layers of coverage mode of laying electric seed bed heater+Small plastic shed+mulch film in greenhouse are taken to carry out watermelon seedling culturing.
The preparation of seedling nutritious soil：20-30 days before nursery, take and do not planted vegetables, the Paddy soil of melon and fruit, dry,
The dusting cover of 200 mesh is crossed after crushing, then with turf and refined organic fertilizer according to 4:3:1 ratio is sufficiently mixed.
The making of Greenhouse for cultivation of seedling：In greenhouse central part, width 120-150cm, high 20-30cm, 150-250 lis of length are chosen
The plot of rice (depending on specifically can be according to nursery quantity), surface is evened out, and in the thin of surface one layer of 1.0-1.5 cm thick of paving
Soil, then lays electric heating wire (1000-1200 watts of power), and the heating wire spacing that seedbed is kept to the side is between 4-7cm, centre position
Away from for 9-12cm.All anodes and negative electrode of heating wire will be in same direction.
The making of nutrition pot for seedling culture：Make before nutritive cube 1-2 days, the seedling nutritious soil prepared is poured permeable, irrigation amount
Nutrition Soil is pinched with hand not drip, lose to ground to scatter and be preferred.Nutrition Soil is directly loadable into 50 hole seedling culture hole plates.Again by hole tray
Straight line is emitted on hotbed.
Sowing：Connect seedbed power supply within 1-2 days before sowing, bed temperature is risen to more than 20 DEG C.Sow the previous day nutritive cube is equal
It is even to pour vola water, and uniformly spray 3000 times of liquid hymexazol bactericide on nutritive cube surface.Seed is lain in into hole tray base
In matter.In the Nutrition Soil that the surface of the seed uniform fold 1.0-1.5cm is thick after broadcasting, then one layer of mulch film is capped, along seedbed surrounding pressure
Tightly, then on seedbed it is capped Small plastic shed.
Seedbed management：Seedling starts to be unearthed after sowing 3~4 days, and emergence rate first throws off the ground on seedbed surface up to 60% or so
Film, and remove the kind shell of band on seedling cotyledon.Greenhouse is carried out simultaneously aeration-cooling, control 20-22 DEG C of daytime, 15-18 DEG C of night.
After seedling rough leaf grows, 23-28 DEG C of daytime, 15-18 DEG C of night are controlled.
3rd, fertilising site preparation：
Use sufficient base manure：Organic fertilizer is from sheep manure or chicken manure and rapeseed cake fertilizer, and amount of application is 1500-1800 kgs/acre+rapeseed cake fertilizer
250-300 kgs/acre.Composite fertilizer selects Shi Ma boards composite fertilizer (N:P:K=15:15:Or Stanley board composite fertilizer (N 15):P:K
=17:17:17), amount of application is 20-25 kgs/acre, then adds 15-20 kgs/acre of potassium sulfate.
Site preparation does ridge：After institute's organic fertilizer and composite fertilizer are sufficiently mixed, uniformly it is sprinkling upon in greenhouse furrow face, then with small-sized
All base manure are all uniformly ploughed deeply and buried by rotary cultivator, then make small high ridge, each small high 60-70 centimetres of ridge face width, the high 20- in ridge
25 centimetres, 30-40 centimetres of furrow width between ridge and ridge, according to the span of each greenhouse, makes 6-8 small high ridges.
4th, field planting in time, hangs climing cultivation：Melon seedling grows 30-35 days, is colonized in time into greenhouse during tool 3-4 piece true leaves.
Mode of planting：By melon seedling field planting in the ridge face centre position of each small high ridge, a line is colonized on each small high ridge, it is fixed
Plant is away from 33-35 centimetres, and every mu is colonized 1100-1200 plants.
Canopy temperature is managed：Melon seedling is colonized in 3-5 days (the closed greenhouses of fine day 3 days, cloudy closed greenhouse 5 of closed greenhouse after greenhouse
It or so), heat and moisture preserving promotes slow seedling.After seedling survives, should aeration-cooling wet down in time, control canopy temperature daytime is 27~30
DEG C, night, day and night temperature was more than 10 DEG C at 18~22 DEG C.
Training is hung climing：Treat that main stem grows to 50 cms, tying up the rope made of hemp from greenhouse upper grown frame puts down, a fiber crops
Rope pinions the foundation portion of one plant of muskmelon seedling, then melon seedling is pulled up along the rope made of hemp is S-type, while being fixed on melon seedling with nylon rope
On the rope made of hemp, fixed once every 20-30 centimetres.
5th, single climing training, selects and remain sub climing bear fruit
Only retain main stem growth, extract all lateral bines in foundation portion.Treat that main stem grows to the 12nd true leaf and started, extract main stem
Below upper 10th leaf at all axils it is raw sub climing, stay at 11-15 piece leaf axils given birth to overgrow length.And by the 15th
Newborn sub climing all excisions, treat that main stem grows to the 20th true leaf appearance, i.e., by main stem pinching at piece leaf above axil.Together
When, by 11-15 piece leaf axils it is raw it is sub it is climing stay 2 leaf pinching, expand the climing growth of young given birth to that goes up of son, treat young fruit
Grow 5-6 days, then therefrom select and remain 3-4 and expand fast, normotrophic young melon growth, excision ovary development is not complete, grow deformity
And the young melon being mechanically damaged.
6th, heavy dressing swelling melon fertilizer water, increases high potassium foliage fertilizer
Young melon, which grows 8-10 days, to be begun, timely heavy dressing swelling melon fertilizer and swollen melon water, and increases high potassium foliage fertilizer.
Swelling melon fertilizer：From Shi Ma boards composite fertilizer (N:P:K=15%:15%:15%) 30-35kg/ mus, then add content 60%
15~20kg/ mus of potassium sulfate or potassium nitrate, after the two is sufficiently mixed, points 2 times spreads manuer in holes or applied with drip irrigation punching, after topdressing for the first time
Applied again every 8-10 days second, answer horse back drip irrigation or small ditch to fill once after topdressing every time.
Increase high potassium foliage fertilizer：Treat that young melon expands the and started for 12-15 days, per 500 times of liquid lion horses of 4-5 days foliage-sprays one time
High potassium foliage fertilizer (the N of board:P:K=7%:12%:40%) it is, each 300g/ mus, continuously spray 4-5 times, harvesting the last week stops spray
Apply.
7th, canopy temperature, timely collecting are regulated and controled
Fruit expanding period, should be aeration-cooling in time, and controls canopy temperature daytime at 25~33 DEG C, and night is 18~20 DEG C, daytime
The night temperature difference is more than 10 DEG C.It should not be intake in first 10 days of harvesting, strict control canopy.
Precocity of sowing in spring facility cultivation Melon, 25~30 days fruit maturations, specific collecting time after general pollination is beared fruit
Main Basiss local climate condition.Meanwhile, it is to be noted that observation pericarp annesl situation, when fruit switchs to the distinctive color of the leather of the kind,
Show that fruit is ripe, should harvest in time, fruit taste flavor is optimal, and easily stored.
A kind of cultivating superior high-yield method of muskmelon of the present invention, its general principle is entirely to grow hair according to Melon
The stage is educated to the demand rule of liquid manure and characteristic of bearing fruit, the cultivation method for matching studied and defined, including：" seeding and seedling raising --- apply
Fertile site preparation --- field planting --- fruit --- water-fertilizer conditioning --- timely collecting is stayed in training " etc. step.The application effect of this method：Plant
Training whole process subtracts and applies chemical pesticide, it is to avoid residues of pesticides are exceeded；Base manure is selected based on the organic fertilizers such as chicken manure, sheep manure and rapeseed cake, is subtracted
The residual for having lacked nitrate and heavy metal etc. in fruit is exceeded；The swollen melon phase increases high potassium foliage fertilizer, significantly improves the mouth of fruit
Local flavor is felt, while extending its production and supply phase.
The present invention has following advantage and feature：
● present invention determine that East China spring sowing facility cultivation Melon the seeding and seedling raising time and canopy temperature management and control skill
Art, it is possible to prevente effectively from spring sowing greenhouse ealy maturing culture Melon pollen development is bad, it is impossible to the problem beared fruit of normally pollinating, again
It is avoided that launch evening, low-cost problem, while greatly reducing production management cost caused by sowing.
● nurturing staff technology of the invention, with floor space it is small, temperature of shed, humidity and illumination can be adjusted flexibly
Etc. condition, make growth of seedling healthy and strong.Meanwhile, seedbed size, little power consumption, cost can be adjusted flexibly according to needs of production
Low, and the seedling cultivated, transplanting survival rate is high, and slow seedling is fast.Solve industrial seedling rearing mode cost high, seedling replanting survival rate
Low, slow seedling is climing, the problem of aging seedling and many stiff seedlings.
● fruit mode is stayed in the training that the present invention is used：Strong using main stem growth potential, female flower occurs early, what Nutrient Absorption was concentrated
Advantage, realization is beared fruit in advance, the advantage listed ahead of time.
● Fertilizer Type of the invention and method：High-quality organic fertilizer (supporting excrement and chicken manure) and soya-bean cake are increased by base manure
Deng high protein green organic fertilizer, with addition of appropriate high-quality composite fertilizer, long-acting and available nutrient stable market supply, maximum limit are realized
The different growth and development stages of muskmelon are met to the demand of all kinds of nutrients degree, make plant strain growth healthy and strong, be effectively reduced all kinds of
The generation of pest and disease damage, so as to be obviously improved fruit quality.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1：The cultivating superior high-yield method of ' booth woods avenges melon '
Fig. 2：The cultivating superior high-yield method of ' booth avenges No. 1 '
Fig. 3：The cultivating superior high-yield method of ' sweet tea is precious '
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the specific implementation content and method of the present invention is described in detail by embodiment.
Embodiment one：The cultivating superior high-yield of ' booth woods avenges melon '
First, the selection of the place of production and production facility：Selection home environment meets NY/T391 Green Food Producing Area environmental conditions,
And physical features is high and dry, irrigation and drainage are convenient, the deep plot of soil layer.Meanwhile, the production of muskmelon is carried out using spring sowing Protectorate cultivation pattern,
Protect facility from steelframe booth wide 8m, the length control of canopy is advisable within 50 meters.
2nd, begin sowing in good time nursery, nurturing staff：In Jiangsu-zhejiang Shanghai Area Anhui area, during annual 15 days 2 months to 20 days 2 months,
Three layers of coverage mode of laying electric seed bed heater+Small plastic shed+mulch film in greenhouse are taken to carry out watermelon seedling culturing.
The preparation of seedling nutritious soil：30 days before nursery, take and do not planted vegetables, the Paddy soil of melon and fruit, dry, crush
The dusting cover of 200 mesh is crossed afterwards, then with turf and refined organic fertilizer according to 4:3:1 ratio is sufficiently mixed.
The making of Greenhouse for cultivation of seedling：In greenhouse central part, width 120cm is chosen, high 25cm, 150-250 centimetres of length is (specific
Depending on can be according to nursery quantity) plot, surface is evened out, and surface spread one layer of 1.0 cm thick fine earth, then lay
1200 watts of power electric heating wires, the heating wire spacing that seedbed is kept to the side is 4 centimetres, and the spacing in centre position is 9 centimetres.Heating wire
All anodes and negative electrode will be in same direction.
The making of nutrition pot for seedling culture：Make before nutritive cube 1-2 days, the seedling nutritious soil prepared is poured permeable, irrigation amount
Nutrition Soil is pinched with hand not drip, lose to ground to scatter and be preferred.Nutrition Soil is directly loadable into 50 hole seedling culture hole plates.Again by hole tray
Straight line is emitted on hotbed.
Sowing：Connect seedbed power supply within 1-2 days before sowing, bed temperature is risen to more than 20 DEG C.Sow the previous day nutritive cube is equal
It is even to pour vola water, and uniformly spray 3000 times of liquid hymexazol bactericide on nutritive cube surface.Seed is lain in into hole tray base
In matter.In the Nutrition Soil of the cm thick of the surface of the seed uniform fold 1.0 after broadcasting, then one layer of mulch film is capped, is compressed along seedbed surrounding,
Small plastic shed is capped on seedbed again.
Seedbed management：Seedling starts to be unearthed after sowing 3~4 days, and emergence rate first throws off the ground on seedbed surface up to 60% or so
Film, and remove the kind shell of band on seedling cotyledon.Greenhouse is carried out simultaneously aeration-cooling, control 20-22 DEG C of daytime, 15-18 DEG C of night.
After seedling rough leaf grows, 23-28 DEG C of daytime, 15-18 DEG C of night are controlled.
3rd, fertilising site preparation：
Use sufficient base manure：Organic fertilizer is from sheep manure or chicken manure and rapeseed cake fertilizer, and amount of application is that 1500 kgs/acre+rapeseed cake fertilizer 250 is public
Pound/acre.Composite fertilizer selects Shi Ma boards composite fertilizer (N:P:K=15:15:15), amount of application is 20 kgs/acre, then adds potassium sulfate 15
Kg/acre.
Site preparation does ridge：After institute's organic fertilizer and composite fertilizer are sufficiently mixed, uniformly it is sprinkling upon in greenhouse furrow face, then with small-sized
All base manure are all uniformly ploughed deeply and buried by rotary cultivator, then make small high ridge, and each small high 60 centimetres of ridge face width, ridge is high 20 lis
Rice, 30 centimetres of furrow width between ridge and ridge, according to the span of each greenhouse, make 8 small high ridges.
4th, field planting in time, hangs climing cultivation：Melon seedling grows 30 days, is colonized in time into greenhouse during 3 true leaves of tool.
Mode of planting：By melon seedling field planting in the ridge face centre position of each small high ridge, a line is colonized on each small high ridge, it is fixed
Plant is away from 33 centimetres, and every mu is colonized 1100 plants.
Canopy temperature is managed：Melon seedling is colonized in 3-5 days (the closed greenhouses of fine day 3 days, cloudy closed greenhouse 5 of closed greenhouse after greenhouse
It or so), heat and moisture preserving promotes slow seedling.After seedling survives, should aeration-cooling wet down in time, control canopy temperature daytime is 25~30
DEG C, night, day and night temperature was more than 10 DEG C at 18~20 DEG C.
Training is hung climing：Treat that main stem grows to 50 cms, tying up the rope made of hemp from greenhouse upper grown frame puts down, a fiber crops
Rope pinions the foundation portion of one plant of muskmelon seedling, then melon seedling is pulled up along the rope made of hemp is S-type, while being fixed on melon seedling with nylon rope
On the rope made of hemp, fixed once every 20 centimetres.
5th, single climing training, selects and remain sub climing bear fruit
Only retain main stem growth, extract all lateral bines in foundation portion.Treat that main stem grows to the 12nd true leaf and started, extract main stem
Below upper 10th leaf at all axils it is raw sub climing, stay at 11-15 piece leaf axils given birth to overgrow length.And by the 15th
Newborn sub climing all excisions, treat that main stem grows to the 20th true leaf appearance, i.e., by main stem pinching at piece leaf above axil.Together
When, by 11-15 piece leaf axils it is raw it is sub it is climing stay 2 leaf pinching, expand the climing growth of young given birth to that goes up of son, treat young fruit
Grow 5-6 days, then therefrom select and remain 3-4 and expand fast, normotrophic young melon growth, excision ovary development is not complete, grow deformity
And the young melon being mechanically damaged.
6th, heavy dressing swelling melon fertilizer water, increases high potassium foliage fertilizer
Young melon, which grows 8-9 days, to be begun, timely heavy dressing swelling melon fertilizer and swollen melon water, and increases high potassium foliage fertilizer.
Swelling melon fertilizer：From Shi Ma boards composite fertilizer (N:P:K=15%:15%:15%) 30 kgs/acre, then add content 60%
15 kgs/acre of potassium sulfate or potassium nitrate, after the two is sufficiently mixed, points 2 times spreads manuer in holes or applied with drip irrigation punching, after topdressing for the first time every
Apply again within 8 days second, answer horse back drip irrigation or small ditch to fill once after topdressing every time.
Increase high potassium foliage fertilizer：Treat that young melon expands the 12nd day to start, every 5 days foliage-sprays one time, 500 times of liquid lion horse boards are high
Potassium foliage fertilizer (N:P:K=7%:12%:40%) it is, each 300g/ mus, continuously spray 4 times, harvesting the last week stops spraying.
7th, canopy temperature, timely collecting are regulated and controled
Fruit expanding period, should be aeration-cooling in time, and controls canopy temperature daytime at 25~30 DEG C, and night is 18~20 DEG C, daytime
The night temperature difference is more than 10 DEG C.It should not be intake in first 10 days of harvesting, strict control canopy.
' booth woods avenges melon ' of spring sowing ealy maturing culture, 25 days or so fruit maturations after typically bearing fruit, when pericarp switchs to milky
When, show that fruit is ripe, should in time harvest, prevent Fruit Cracking.' booth woods avenges melon ' and routine techniques contrast such as table 1 below：
Table 1 ' booth woods avenges melon ' contrasts as follows with routine techniques：
Embodiment two：The cultivating superior high-yield of ' booth avenges No. 1 '
First, the selection of the place of production and production facility：Selection home environment meets NY/T391 Green Food Producing Area environmental conditions,
And physical features is high and dry, irrigation and drainage are convenient, the deep plot of soil layer.Meanwhile, the production of muskmelon is carried out using spring sowing Protectorate cultivation pattern,
Protect facility from steelframe booth wide 8m, the length control of canopy is advisable within 60 meters.
2nd, begin sowing in good time nursery, nurturing staff：In Jiangsu-zhejiang Shanghai Area Anhui area, during annual 25 days to March 12 months,
Three layers of coverage mode of laying electric seed bed heater+Small plastic shed+mulch film in greenhouse are taken to carry out watermelon seedling culturing.
The preparation of seedling nutritious soil：25 days before nursery, take and do not planted vegetables, the Paddy soil of melon and fruit, dry, crush
The dusting cover of 200 mesh is crossed afterwards, then with turf and refined organic fertilizer according to 4:3:1 ratio is sufficiently mixed.
The making of Greenhouse for cultivation of seedling：In greenhouse central part, choose wide 130 centimetres, high 25 centimetres, 200 centimetres of length is (specific
Depending on can be according to nursery quantity) plot, surface is evened out, and surface spread one layer of 1.2 cm thick fine earth, then lay
1200 watts of power electric heating wires, the heating wire spacing that seedbed is kept to the side is 5 centimetres, and the spacing in centre position is 10 centimetres.Heating wire
All anodes and negative electrode to be in same direction.
The making of nutrition pot for seedling culture：Make before nutritive cube 1-2 days, the seedling nutritious soil prepared is poured permeable, irrigation amount
Nutrition Soil is pinched with hand not drip, lose to ground to scatter and be preferred.Nutrition Soil is directly loadable into 50 hole seedling culture hole plates.Again by hole tray
Straight line is emitted on hotbed.
Sowing：Connect seedbed power supply within 1-2 days before sowing, bed temperature is risen to more than 20 DEG C.Sow the previous day nutritive cube is equal
It is even to pour vola water, and uniformly spray 3000 times of liquid hymexazol bactericide on nutritive cube surface.Seed is lain in into hole tray base
In matter.In the Nutrition Soil of the cm thick of the surface of the seed uniform fold 1.2 after broadcasting, then one layer of mulch film is capped, is compressed along seedbed surrounding,
Small plastic shed is capped on seedbed again.
Seedbed management：Seedling starts to be unearthed after sowing 3~4 days, and emergence rate first throws off the ground on seedbed surface up to 60% or so
Film, and remove the kind shell of band on seedling cotyledon.Greenhouse is carried out simultaneously aeration-cooling, control 20-22 DEG C of daytime, 15-18 DEG C of night.
After seedling rough leaf grows, 23-28 DEG C of daytime, 15-18 DEG C of night are controlled.
3rd, fertilising site preparation：
Use sufficient base manure：Organic fertilizer is from sheep manure or chicken manure and rapeseed cake fertilizer, and amount of application is that 1600 kgs/acre+rapeseed cake fertilizer 280 is public
Pound/acre.Composite fertilizer selects Shi Ma boards composite fertilizer (N:P:K=15:15:15), amount of application is 25 kgs/acre, then adds potassium sulfate 18
Kg/acre.
Site preparation does ridge：After institute's organic fertilizer and composite fertilizer are sufficiently mixed, uniformly it is sprinkling upon in greenhouse furrow face, then with small-sized
All base manure are all uniformly ploughed deeply and buried by rotary cultivator, then make small high ridge, and each small high 65 centimetres of ridge face width, ridge is high 23 lis
Rice, 35 centimetres of furrow width between ridge and ridge, according to the span of each greenhouse, make 7 small high ridges.
4th, field planting in time, hangs climing cultivation：Melon seedling grows 33 days, is colonized in time into greenhouse during 4 true leaves of tool.
Mode of planting：By melon seedling field planting in the ridge face centre position of each small high ridge, a line is colonized on each small high ridge, it is fixed
Plant is away from 34 centimetres, and every mu is colonized 1200 plants.
Canopy temperature is managed：Melon seedling is colonized in 3-5 days (the closed greenhouses of fine day 3 days, cloudy closed greenhouse 5 of closed greenhouse after greenhouse
It or so), heat and moisture preserving promotes slow seedling.After seedling survives, should aeration-cooling wet down in time, control canopy temperature daytime is 27~30
DEG C, night, day and night temperature was more than 10 DEG C at 18~22 DEG C.
Training is hung climing：Treat that main stem grows to 50 cms, tying up the rope made of hemp from greenhouse upper grown frame puts down, a fiber crops
Rope pinions the foundation portion of one plant of muskmelon seedling, then melon seedling is pulled up along the rope made of hemp is S-type, while being fixed on melon seedling with nylon rope
On the rope made of hemp, fixed once every 25 centimetres.
5th, single climing training, selects and remain sub climing bear fruit
Only retain main stem growth, extract all lateral bines in foundation portion.Treat that main stem grows to the 12nd true leaf and started, extract main stem
Below upper 10th leaf at all axils it is raw sub climing, stay at 11-15 piece leaf axils given birth to overgrow length.And by the 15th
Newborn sub climing all excisions, treat that main stem grows to the 20th true leaf appearance, i.e., by main stem pinching at piece leaf above axil.Together
When, by 11-15 piece leaf axils it is raw it is sub it is climing stay 2 leaf pinching, expand the climing growth of young given birth to that goes up of son, treat young fruit
Grow 5-6 days, then therefrom select and remain 3-4 and expand fast, normotrophic young melon growth, excision ovary development is not complete, grow deformity
And the young melon being mechanically damaged.
6th, heavy dressing swelling melon fertilizer water, increases high potassium foliage fertilizer
Young melon, which grows 9 days, to be begun, timely heavy dressing swelling melon fertilizer and swollen melon water, and increases high potassium foliage fertilizer.
Swelling melon fertilizer：From Shi Ma boards composite fertilizer (N:P:K=15%:15%:15%) 35 kgs/acre, then add content 60%
20 kgs/acre of potassium sulfate or potassium nitrate, after the two is sufficiently mixed, points 2 times spreads manuer in holes or applied with drip irrigation punching, after topdressing for the first time every
Apply again within 9 days second, answer horse back drip irrigation or small ditch to fill once after topdressing every time.
Increase high potassium foliage fertilizer：Treat that young melon expands the 13rd day to start, every 5 days foliage-sprays one time, 500 times of liquid lion horse boards are high
Potassium foliage fertilizer (N:P:K=7%:12%:40%) it is, each 300g/ mus, continuously spray 5 times, harvesting the last week stops spraying.
7th, canopy temperature, timely collecting are regulated and controled
Fruit expanding period, should be aeration-cooling in time, and controls canopy temperature daytime at 25~32 DEG C, and night is 18~20 DEG C, daytime
The night temperature difference is more than 10 DEG C.It should not be intake in first 10 days of harvesting, strict control canopy.
Precocity of sowing in spring facility cultivation ' booth avenges No. 1 ', 28 days or so fruit maturations after general pollination is beared fruit, specific attention observation
Pericarp annesl situation, when pericarp, which switchs to milky band Huang, swoons, shows that fruit is ripe, should harvest in time.' the booth snow of harvesting
No. 1 ' technical parameter such as table 2 below.
Table 2 ' booth avenges No. 1 ' contrasts as follows with routine techniques：
Embodiment three：The cultivating superior high-yield of ' sweet tea is precious ' Melon
First, the selection of the place of production and production facility：Selection home environment meets NY/T391 Green Food Producing Area environmental conditions,
And physical features is high and dry, irrigation and drainage are convenient, the deep plot of soil layer.Meanwhile, the production of muskmelon is carried out using spring sowing Protectorate cultivation pattern,
Protect facility from steelframe booth wide 8m, the length control of canopy is advisable within 80 meters.
2nd, begin sowing in good time nursery, nurturing staff：In Jiangsu-zhejiang Shanghai Area Anhui area, during annual 28 days to March 52 months,
Three layers of coverage mode of laying electric seed bed heater+Small plastic shed+mulch film in greenhouse are taken to carry out watermelon seedling culturing.
The preparation of seedling nutritious soil：20 days before nursery, take and do not planted vegetables, the Paddy soil of melon and fruit, dry, crush
The dusting cover of 150 mesh is crossed afterwards, then with turf and refined organic fertilizer according to 4:3:1 ratio is sufficiently mixed.
The making of Greenhouse for cultivation of seedling：In greenhouse central part, wide 150 centimetres, high 30 centimetres, 200-250 centimetres of length is chosen
The plot of (depending on specifically can be according to nursery quantity), surface is evened out, and spreads the fine earth of one layer of 1.5 cm thick on surface, then
1000 watts of power electric heating wires are laid, the heating wire spacing that seedbed is kept to the side is 7 centimetres, the spacing in centre position is 12 centimetres.Electricity
All anodes and negative electrode of hot line will be in same direction.
The making of nutrition pot for seedling culture：Make before nutritive cube 1-2 days, the seedling nutritious soil prepared is poured permeable, irrigation amount
Nutrition Soil is pinched with hand not drip, lose to ground to scatter and be preferred.Nutrition Soil is directly loadable into 50 hole seedling culture hole plates.Again by hole tray
Straight line is emitted on hotbed.
Sowing：Connect seedbed power supply within 1-2 days before sowing, bed temperature is risen to more than 20 DEG C.Sow the previous day nutritive cube is equal
It is even to pour vola water, and uniformly spray 3000 times of liquid hymexazol bactericide on nutritive cube surface.Seed is lain in into hole tray base
In matter.In the Nutrition Soil of the cm thick of the surface of the seed uniform fold 1.5 after broadcasting, then one layer of mulch film is capped, is compressed along seedbed surrounding,
Small plastic shed is capped on seedbed again.
Seedbed management：Seedling starts to be unearthed after sowing 3~4 days, and emergence rate first throws off the ground on seedbed surface up to 60% or so
Film, and remove the kind shell of band on seedling cotyledon.Greenhouse is carried out simultaneously aeration-cooling, control 20-22 DEG C of daytime, 15-18 DEG C of night.
After seedling rough leaf grows, 23-28 DEG C of daytime, 15-18 DEG C of night are controlled.
3rd, fertilising site preparation：
Use sufficient base manure：Organic fertilizer is from sheep manure or chicken manure and rapeseed cake fertilizer, and amount of application is that 1800 kgs/acre+rapeseed cake fertilizer 300 is public
Pound/acre.Composite fertilizer selects Stanley board composite fertilizer (N:P:K=17:17:17), amount of application is 20 kgs/acre, then adds potassium sulfate
15 kgs/acre.
Site preparation does ridge：After institute's organic fertilizer and composite fertilizer are sufficiently mixed, uniformly it is sprinkling upon in greenhouse furrow face, then with small-sized
All base manure are all uniformly ploughed deeply and buried by rotary cultivator, then make small high ridge, and each small high 70 centimetres of ridge face width, ridge is high 25 lis
Rice, 40 centimetres of furrow width between ridge and ridge, according to the span of each greenhouse, make 6 small high ridges.
4th, field planting in time, hangs climing cultivation：Melon seedling grows 35 days, is colonized in time into greenhouse during 4 true leaves of tool.
Mode of planting：By melon seedling field planting in the ridge face centre position of each small high ridge, a line is colonized on each small high ridge, it is fixed
Plant is away from 33-35 centimetres, and every mu is colonized 1150 plants.
Canopy temperature is managed：Melon seedling is colonized in 3-5 days (the closed greenhouses of fine day 3 days, cloudy closed greenhouse 5 of closed greenhouse after greenhouse
It or so), heat and moisture preserving promotes slow seedling.After seedling survives, should aeration-cooling wet down in time, control canopy temperature daytime is 27~30
DEG C, night, day and night temperature was more than 10 DEG C at 18~22 DEG C.
Training is hung climing：Treat that main stem grows to 50 cms, tying up the rope made of hemp from greenhouse upper grown frame puts down, a fiber crops
Rope pinions the foundation portion of one plant of muskmelon seedling, then melon seedling is pulled up along the rope made of hemp is S-type, while being fixed on melon seedling with nylon rope
On the rope made of hemp, fixed once every 25 centimetres.
5th, single climing training, selects and remain sub climing bear fruit
Only retain main stem growth, extract all lateral bines in foundation portion.Treat that main stem grows to the 12nd true leaf and started, extract main stem
Below upper 10th leaf at all axils it is raw sub climing, stay at 11-15 piece leaf axils given birth to overgrow length.And by the 15th
Newborn sub climing all excisions, treat that main stem grows to the 20th true leaf appearance, i.e., by main stem pinching at piece leaf above axil.Together
When, by 11-15 piece leaf axils it is raw it is sub it is climing stay 2 leaf pinching, expand the climing growth of young given birth to that goes up of son, treat young fruit
Grow 5-6 days, then therefrom select and remain 3-4 and expand fast, normotrophic young melon growth, excision ovary development is not complete, grow deformity
And the young melon being mechanically damaged.
6th, heavy dressing swelling melon fertilizer water, increases high potassium foliage fertilizer
Young melon, which grows 10 days, to be begun, timely heavy dressing swelling melon fertilizer and swollen melon water, and increases high potassium foliage fertilizer.
Swelling melon fertilizer：From Shi Ma boards composite fertilizer (N:P:K=15%:15%:15%) 35 kgs/acre, then add content 60%
15 kgs/acre of potassium sulfate or potassium nitrate, after the two is sufficiently mixed, points 2 times spreads manuer in holes or applied with drip irrigation punching, after topdressing for the first time every
Apply again within 10 days second, answer horse back drip irrigation or small ditch to fill once after topdressing every time.
Increase high potassium foliage fertilizer：Treat that young melon expands the 15th day to start, every 5 days foliage-sprays one time, 500 times of liquid lion horse boards are high
Potassium foliage fertilizer (N:P:K=7%:12%:40%) it is, each 300g/ mus, continuously spray 5 times, harvesting the last week stops spraying.
7th, canopy temperature, timely collecting are regulated and controled
Fruit expanding period, should be aeration-cooling in time, and controls canopy temperature daytime at 25~33 DEG C, and night is 18~20 DEG C, daytime
The night temperature difference is more than 10 DEG C.It should not be intake in first 10 days of harvesting, strict control canopy.
Precocity of sowing in spring facility cultivation ' sweet tea is precious ', 30 days fruit maturations after general pollination is beared fruit, specific attention observation pericarp turns
Pornographic condition, when there is yellow milky spot on the green bottom of pericarp, shows that fruit is ripe, should harvest in time.The booth of harvesting avenges No. 1
Mass parameter such as table 3 below.
Table 3 ' sweet tea is precious ' contrasts as follows with routine techniques：
Claims (1)
1. a kind of cultivating superior high-yield method of muskmelon, it is characterised in that this method comprises the following steps：
(1), the selection of the place of production and production facility；(2), begin sowing in good time nursery, nurturing staff；(3), fertilising site preparation；(4),
Field planting, hangs climing cultivation in time；(5), single climing training, selects and remain sub climing bear fruit；(6), heavy dressing swelling melon fertilizer water, increases high potassium blade face
Fertilizer；(7) canopy temperature, timely collecting, are regulated and controled.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710174994.2A CN106973672A (en) | 2017-03-22 | 2017-03-22 | A kind of cultivating superior high-yield method of muskmelon |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710174994.2A CN106973672A (en) | 2017-03-22 | 2017-03-22 | A kind of cultivating superior high-yield method of muskmelon |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN106973672A true CN106973672A (en) | 2017-07-25 |
Family
ID=59338403
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710174994.2A Pending CN106973672A (en) | 2017-03-22 | 2017-03-22 | A kind of cultivating superior high-yield method of muskmelon |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN106973672A (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108391494A (en) * | 2018-01-30 | 2018-08-14 | 覃成鑫 | A kind of implantation methods improving muskmelon quality |
| CN109328907A (en) * | 2018-11-20 | 2019-02-15 | 上海市金山区农业技术推广中心 | A kind of high yield cultivating method of muskmelon |
| CN110199795A (en) * | 2019-07-22 | 2019-09-06 | 山东省寿光市三木种苗有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods promoting Melon precocity |
| CN110249929A (en) * | 2019-07-26 | 2019-09-20 | 吉林省农业科学院 | A kind of method of Germplasm Resources of Cucumis Melo L fast-propagation |
-
2017
- 2017-03-22 CN CN201710174994.2A patent/CN106973672A/en active Pending
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108391494A (en) * | 2018-01-30 | 2018-08-14 | 覃成鑫 | A kind of implantation methods improving muskmelon quality |
| CN109328907A (en) * | 2018-11-20 | 2019-02-15 | 上海市金山区农业技术推广中心 | A kind of high yield cultivating method of muskmelon |
| CN110199795A (en) * | 2019-07-22 | 2019-09-06 | 山东省寿光市三木种苗有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods promoting Melon precocity |
| CN110249929A (en) * | 2019-07-26 | 2019-09-20 | 吉林省农业科学院 | A kind of method of Germplasm Resources of Cucumis Melo L fast-propagation |
| CN110249929B (en) * | 2019-07-26 | 2021-07-20 | 吉林省农业科学院 | Rapid propagation method for muskmelon germplasm resources |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN103070001B (en) | Method for safely planting okra at high yield and high quality | |
| CN103609278B (en) | A kind of watermelon in sunlight greenhouse cultivation method | |
| CN103299790A (en) | Method for planting pumpkin | |
| CN102986397A (en) | Planting method for early-ripe oriental sweet melons at cold highland area | |
| CN102246647A (en) | Breeding and cultivation method of spring sowing type vegetable soybean | |
| CN108419628A (en) | A kind of cultural method of aspermous watermelon | |
| CN101803525A (en) | Cultivation method of mini watermelon | |
| CN106856952A (en) | A kind of cultivating superior high-yield method of watermelon | |
| CN104041271A (en) | Culturing method for early spring pollution-free white eggplants | |
| CN104221630A (en) | Accelerating germination and efficient cultivation method for summer squashes | |
| CN103329722A (en) | Simple greenhouse melon cultivation method | |
| CN105340512A (en) | Cultivation method for miniature pumpkins | |
| CN106973672A (en) | A kind of cultivating superior high-yield method of muskmelon | |
| CN105453848A (en) | Green high-yield planting technology for mustard | |
| CN106234007A (en) | A kind of taro two-membrane process implantation methods | |
| CN109328907A (en) | A kind of high yield cultivating method of muskmelon | |
| CN104584812A (en) | Giant pumpkin cultivation method | |
| CN108307944B (en) | Cultivation method of cucumber flowers | |
| CN106888879A (en) | A kind of mango cultural method | |
| CN105123254A (en) | Multiple-cropping method of early-mature potato, celery and leafy vegetables in arched shed | |
| CN105075619A (en) | Cultivation and seed selection method for lily | |
| CN105284590B (en) | The breeding method of precocity shape sponge gourd with a tight waist | |
| CN106888884A (en) | A kind of persimmon cultural method | |
| CN106888741A (en) | A kind of small-sized wax gourd cultivation method for premature | |
| CN106879412A (en) | A kind of lichee cultivation method for premature |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| CB03 | Change of inventor or designer information |
Inventor after: Yang Xiaohua Inventor after: Jiang Xuejun Inventor after: Gu Baogen Inventor after: Zhu Caihua Inventor before: Yang Xiaohua Inventor before: Jiang Xuejun Inventor before: Gu Baogen Inventor before: Zhu Caihua |
|
| CB03 | Change of inventor or designer information | ||
| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication |
Application publication date: 20170725 |
|
| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication |