CN102369833A

CN102369833A - Loofah high-yield culture technique in greenhouse

Info

Publication number: CN102369833A
Application number: CN2010102681894A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陈迪娟
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2010-08-23
Filing date: 2010-08-23
Publication date: 2012-03-14

Abstract

The invention discloses a loofah high-yield culture technique in greenhouse. By adopting the technique, fresh loofah can be provided for the market in midwinter, and the loofah is smooth in fruit stem and has little fuzz and soft peel. The technique is realized by the following technical scheme: growing seedlings in nutrition bowl or nutrition soil block; soaking seeds in warm water and accelerating germination; flatly putting 1 germinated seed in each pot; providing enough water and base fertilizer before field planting; performing the field planting in the first ten days of November, and using the mixture of carbendazim and primary virus powder with soil as bottom and disinfecting; and after planting, enhancing management on water, fertilizer, temperature and humidity, paying attention to pruning, flower thinning, pollination and loofah protection, and harvesting in proper time.

Description

Sponge gourd booth high-yield culture technique

Technical field:

The invention relates to the method for vegetable growing, it is a kind of about sponge gourd booth high-yield culture technique more specifically to say so.

Background technology:

Sponge gourd belongs to heat tolerant vegetable, is not suitable for cultivation at low temperature, though the cultivation of booth, greenhouse by solar heat is also arranged, because the not science of measure of growing seedlings, not through not drawing seedling, so the sponge gourd shoot survival percent is not high always, yields poorly, quality is low.

Summary of the invention:

The objective of the invention is to overcome the shortcoming of prior art, a kind of new vegetable growing technology is provided.Utilize present technique not only can for market fresh sponge gourd be provided in season in midwinter, and the sponge gourd carpopodium is smooth, fine hair reduces, pericarp is soft.

The present invention realizes through following technical scheme:

Adopt nutritive cube or nutritive cube to grow seedlings.Earlier use water seed soaking before broadcasting, be placed on vernalization under 30 ℃ the condition after pulling out.After planting blinding is generally 1～1.5 centimetre and is advisable.Nursery temperature generally is controlled at 25 ℃～30 ℃.

The early November field planting after the transplanting knot melon, improve ground temperature, strengthen intertillage, and noting waters imposes.The knot of blooming does not stay lateral bine before the melon, keeps in the canopy 28 ℃～30 ℃ of temperature daytimes, 15 ℃～18 ℃ of nights, and note aeration-cooling daytime.Every at a distance from 8～10 days, in conjunction with watering, to remain the ground humidity in the vigorous knot melon phase towards executing fertilizer 1 time.In time smear the two climing trainings of wooden fork, 5～6 leaves stay 1 melon, note extracing unnecessary male flower flower bud, tendril and lopsided melon, extract the Lao Ye of bottom flavescence, in order to ventilation and penetrating light, concentrate nutrient, promote fruit loose.The 3rd, artificial pollination.Between the lights or the morning, male flower that choosing is just open and female flower be to flower, or dip in writing brush and to get male pollen, spreads upon then on the female flower column cap.The 4th, intertill and clean tillage.

Embodiment:

1. select breeding for use.Select precocious, low temperature resistant, low light tolerance for use, be prone to bear fruit, suitable dense planting, variety of luffa Jiangshu 1 that resistant to diseases and insects is strong.

2. cultivate strong sprout.Every mu of booth needs seedling 3500～4000 strains, adopts nutritive cube or nutritive cube to grow seedlings.Earlier with water seed soaking 3～4 hours, be placed on vernalization under 30 ℃ the condition after pulling out before broadcasting, can sprout in general 4～5 days.Every alms bowl keeps flat 1 seed that sprouts (will irritate sufficient water earlier and put kind again).After planting blinding can not be blocked up, is generally 1～1.5 centimetre and is advisable.Grow seedlings and can in booth, carry out, it is moistening to note keeping the seedbed, and temperature generally is controlled at 25 ℃～30 ℃.

3. site preparation and fertilization.To irritate sufficient water before the field planting, use sufficient base manure wholely, execute 40 kilograms of 4000 kilograms of fertilizers, diammonium phosphate, 50 kilograms in the potash fertilizer that high-quality is become thoroughly decomposed for general every mu in conjunction with ploughing deeply.Behind the whole ground, press 80 centimetres of wide row spaces, 50 centimetres micro-ridge transplant plantings of little line-spacing, 36～40 centimetres of spacing in the rows.

4. field planting in good time.The early November field planting.Can be during field planting according to the spacing in the rows of confirming, native rebasing sterilization is mixed with carbendazim and viral former powder in every cave.Water sufficient normal root water after planting, cover mulch film then, and punching is drawn seedling outside the film.

5. manage and protect after planting.Before transplanting back knot melon,, strengthen intertill and clean tillage, promote root system development for improving ground temperature, the short length of overgrowing.This phase can combine to water and imposes seed manure 2～3 times, can dash and execute night soil or the urea that becomes thoroughly decomposed.The knot of blooming does not stay lateral bine before the melon, when more than the climing length to 30 of melon centimetre, in time hang climing with plastic ties.

6. warm, moisture management.After the field planting to next year be main with anti-freezing and heat-insulating by the end of February, take multilayer to cover, keep in the canopy 28 ℃～30 ℃ of temperature daytimes, 15 ℃～18 ℃ of nights.To by the end of March, be main with insulation night still, and note aeration-cooling daytime.Be main with ventilation, cooling, hydrofuge after April, night, minimum temperature was removed booth skirt film in time more than 15 ℃.

7. tie the melon period management.Knot changes vigorous growth period after the melon gradually over to, and the shoot and leaf growth amount is big, the knot melon is many, must strengthen management.The one, rich water quality management.Every at a distance from 8～10 days, in conjunction with watering towards executing fertilizer 1 time, at every turn can be towards executing 15～20 kilograms in 300～500 kilograms of night soils or urea, at a distance from inferior 10～15 kilograms of the NPKs that impose.It is moist that sponge gourd is liked, and will remain the ground humidity in the vigorous knot melon phase.This phase such as arid are taken off fertilizer, facilitation melon or produce lopsided melon.The 2nd, note training.In time smear the two climing trainings of wooden fork, 5～6 leaves stay 1 melon.Note extracing unnecessary male flower flower bud, tendril and lopsided melon,, combine to fall the climing Lao Ye that extracts the bottom flavescence,, concentrate nutrient, promote fruit loose in order to ventilation and penetrating light when the main climing certain altitude that is elongated to.The 3rd, artificial pollination.Between the lights or the morning, male flower that choosing is just open and female flower be to flower, or dip in writing brush and to get male pollen, spreads upon then on the female flower column cap.To when having dew, not carry out during pollination, to improve the pollination effect.

8. timely collecting.Still unhardened, the tender fruit of fiber is of moderate size in the pollination back 10～12 days, fruit, carpopodium is smooth, fine hair reduces, and pericarp is soft and can gather when not having smooth feeling.Because sponge gourd continuous property as a result in canopy chamber is strong, need gather every other day 1 time, all will gather every day in the full bearing period.It is slow to gather, fibrosclerosis, quality variation.

Claims

1. sponge gourd booth high-yield culture technique is characterized in that used breeding is a Jiangshu 1.

2. sponge gourd booth high-yield culture technique; It is characterized in that every mu of booth needs seedling 3500～4000 strains, adopt feeding block seedlings raising, before broadcasting earlier with water seed soaking 3～4 hours; Be placed under 30 ℃ the condition vernalization after pulling out 4～5 days; Every alms bowl keeps flat 1 seed that sprouts, 1～1.5 centimetre of blinding, and temperature is at 25 ℃～30 ℃.

3. sponge gourd booth high-yield culture technique is characterized in that will irritating sufficient water before the field planting, using sufficient base manure, executes 40 kilograms of 4000 kilograms of fertilizers, diammonium phosphate, 50 kilograms in the potash fertilizer that high-quality is become thoroughly decomposed for general every mu.

4. sponge gourd booth high-yield culture technique is characterized in that 80 centimetres of field planting wide row spaces, 50 centimetres of little line-spacings, 36～40 centimetres of spacing in the rows.

5. sponge gourd booth high-yield culture technique imposes seed manure 2～3 times before it is characterized in that transplanting back knot melon, in the time of more than the climing length to 30 of melon centimetre, hangs climing with plastic ties.

6. sponge gourd booth high-yield culture technique is characterized in that after the field planting keeping by the end of February in the canopy 28 ℃～30 ℃ of temperature daytimes, 15 ℃～18 ℃ of nights to next year.

7. sponge gourd booth high-yield culture technique is characterized in that tying after the melon every at a distance from 8～10 days, combines to water to dash and executes fertilizer 1 time, can dash at every turn and execute 15～20 kilograms in 300～500 kilograms of night soils or urea, separated inferior 10～15 kilograms of the NPKs that impose.