CN102884931A

CN102884931A - High-density long-season cultivation method of towel gourd

Info

Publication number: CN102884931A
Application number: CN2012104200830A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 朱士农; 崔群香; 张爱慧
Original assignee: Jinling Institute of Technology
Current assignee: Jinling Institute of Technology
Priority date: 2012-10-29
Filing date: 2012-10-29
Publication date: 2013-01-23
Anticipated expiration: 2032-10-29
Also published as: CN102884931B

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural cultivation, particularly relating to a high-density long-season cultivation method of towel gourd, which is suitable for cultivation in the middle and lower reaches of Yangtze river. The technical scheme adopted to solve the technical problem in the invention comprises the steps of growing seedlings, field planting, managing after field planting, hanging vines and adjusting plants, dropping vines, topping, scattering plants, leading vines, removing shed films, managing nutrient and water, preventing and curing plant diseases and insect pests and harvesting. Jiangshu No.1 towel gourd and five-leaf sweet towel gourd are selected and planted when the towel gourds have three leafs and one core; the cultivation density is as follows: the big row space is 70-80cm, the small row space is 40-45cm, the spacing in the rows is 40-50cm, and 2000-2500 plants are planted per unit of area. The main vine is kept while all of the side vines are removed; and the main vine is wrapped on a rope every 5-6 sections. When the growth point of the main vine is 20cm far away from a second film, the vine is timely dropped. When the main vine has 23-25 sections, two edge rows of a greenhouse are not topped while other rows are topped every two rows. Through the application of the cultivation method in production, the yield of the towel gourd can be improved and higher economic benefits can be obtained.

Description

A kind of sponge gourd high density long season cultivation method

Technical field

The invention belongs to the agricultural planting technique field, be specifically related to a kind of sponge gourd high density long season cultivation method, be applicable to the In Middle And Lower Reaches of Changjiang River cultivation.

Background technology

Sponge gourd ( Luffa cylindricaRoem.) have another name called a day trailing plants, be the annual herb plant.Originate from Tropical Asia, originating in Indonesia's (another theory think originate in India) is deeply to be subjected to public a kind of quality vegetables of liking, and its tender melon can stir-fry and eat, cold and dressed with sauce, and it is more delicious also can to cook the soup taste.The sponge gourd medical value is very high, and whole body can be used as medicine.The contained all kinds of nutrition of sponge gourd are higher in melon food, often eat sponge gourd have promote the production of body fluid to quench thirst, the magical effect of clearing heat and detoxicating, relieving cough and reducing sputum, diuresis, hemostasis.The juice of sponge gourd rattan has the specific function that keeps skin elasticity, is the good merchantable brand of face beauty and smoothing wrinkles, moist face.Sponge gourd after the maturation, fiber are very flourishing, are called " luffa ", and the network but the clearing damp of can being used as medicine is stimulated the menstrual flow cures mainly sternal rib pain etc.

Along with growth in the living standard and people to the nutrition of diet and healthy pay attention to day by day, high yield and high-quality have become the main target that the horticultural crop such as vegetables produces.The exploration of the high density long season culture technique of sponge gourd both can have been satisfied consumers in general's demand, thereby can increase economic efficiency again, reduce production costs the promotion increasing peasant income.

Summary of the invention

In order to improve the sponge gourd economic benefit, improve sponge gourd output, reduce cost, the present invention's problem of determining that need to be situated between provides a kind of sponge gourd high density long season cultivation method.

Purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions: grow seedlings, management after the field planting, field planting, hang climing and plant adjust, fall climing, pinch, dredge strain, draw climing, to canopy film, rich water quality management and the extermination of disease and insect pest, gather.

The present invention is its beneficial effect compared with prior art: by the application of the present invention on producing, can reduce cost, improve sponge gourd planting density and sponge gourd output, obtain higher economic benefit.

Embodiment

1, grow seedlings:Select the Jiangshu No.1 sponge gourd, 2 kinds of the fragrant sponge gourd of five leaves adopted cave dish seeding and seedling raising, 6-10 day field planting in March, seedling age 50-60 days (3 leaves, 1 heart) January 4.

2, field planting:Choosing field planting in fine calm day, mu is executed high-quality barnyard manure 1500kg, cake fertilizer 150kg before the field planting, 45% composite fertilizer 40kg makes base manure.12 meters span booths are made eight furrow, the wide 100cm of furrow, and spreading drips fills with pipe+mulch film, and every furrow are planted 2 row.Planting density: wide row space 70-80 centimetre, little line-spacing 40-45 centimetre, spacing in the rows 40-50 centimetre, plant the 2000-2500 strain for every mu.

3, manage after the field planting:Leak informaton interior lacking in a week after the field planting, 25-30 ℃ of canopy temperature maintenance on daytime, 15-18 ℃ of evening, short early alive.The canopy temperature remains on 25-28 ℃ daytime after living, and evening is more than 12 ℃.Execute with the loose stool water that becomes thoroughly decomposed after living and once carry seed manure.

4, hang climing and the plant adjustment:Keep main climing all lateral bines of plucking, extract simultaneously tendril and male flower, reduce nutrient consumption.During main climing 30-40cm, in time hang climing.Concrete grammar is: below booth two road films, draw an iron wire directly over every delegation sponge gourd, the other packaging polypropylene rope that hangs of each strain, the upper end is fixed on the iron wire, and the long bamboo pole of a 20cm is fastened in the lower end, and bamboo pole one end is inserting in the soil at a distance from plant root 10cm, the fixing and packaging rope, the sponge gourd master is climing to be wrapped on the packing rope, every 5-6 joints, ties up once climing later on.

5, fall climing:When leading climing growing point from two road film 20cm, it is climing in time to fall.Fall climingly should select fine afternoon (this moment, towel gourd stem was soft, not frangibility), tie up and climingly carry out downwards successively from going up most one.

6, pinch, dredge strain, draw climing, to the canopy film: when main climing 23-25 joint, two limits of booth are capable does not pinch, and all the other interlacing are pinched.The sponge gourd of pinching is gathered and is pulled out after complete.According to the plant strain growth situation, pull out growth plant every strain later on, guarantee that plant strain growth is mutually not airtight, have sunlight to be transmitted in the booth.Along with plant strain growth, the plant of will not pinching is guided on the interior two road film framves of booth.Throw off greenhouse film about May 20.

7, rich water quality management and the extermination of disease and insect pest:After the first female flower pollination is beared fruit, the every mu of urea 30kg that spreads manuer in holes, the 2--3 mu of whenever gathering later on urea 30kg that spreads manuer in holes.Simultaneously water management is caught up with.More will guarantee the moisture ample supply season of containing melon phase, high temperature and drought.According to sponge gourd plant strain growth situation, can spray the foliage fertilizer nutrient solutions such as potassium dihydrogen phosphate, improve commodity rate.Field planting the previous day before lifting is with tpn, viral A spraying.After field planting is lived, irrigate diseases prevention with 500 times of dilution waters of fenaminosulf are disposable.Hang yellow plate trapping aphid in the canopy.At ordinary times attention control virus disease, downy mildew.

8, gather:Generally spend rear 7-10 days, sugar-preserved gourd surface fine hair takes off, and can gather when demonstrating product characteristics.

Claims

1. sponge gourd high density long season cultivation method is characterized in that being made of following steps: ( 1) grow seedlings:Select the Jiangshu No.1 sponge gourd, 2 kinds of the fragrant sponge gourd of five leaves adopted cave dish seeding and seedling raising, 6-10 day field planting in March, seedling age 50-60 days, 3 leaves, 1 heart January 4;

(2) field planting:Choosing field planting in fine calm day, mu is executed high-quality barnyard manure 1500kg, cake fertilizer 150kg before the field planting, 45% composite fertilizer 40kg makes base manure, 12 meters span booths are made eight furrow, the wide 100cm of furrow, spreading drips fills with pipe+mulch film, and every furrow are planted 2 row, planting density: wide row space 70-80 centimetre, little line-spacing 40-45 centimetre, spacing in the rows 40-50 centimetre, plant the 2000-2500 strain for every mu;

(3) manage after the field planting:Few leaking informaton in the week after the field planting, daytime, canopy temperature kept 15-18 ℃ of 25-30 ℃, evening, short early live, the canopy temperature remains on 25-28 ℃ daytime after living, and evening is more than 12 ℃, executes with the loose stool water that becomes thoroughly decomposed after alive and once carries seed manure;

(4) hang climing and the plant adjustment:Keep main climing all lateral bines of plucking, extract simultaneously tendril and male flower, reduce nutrient consumption, during main climing 30-40cm, in time hang climingly, concrete grammar is: below booth two road films, draw an iron wire directly over every delegation sponge gourd, each strain is other hangs a packaging polypropylene rope, and the upper end is fixed on the iron wire, the long bamboo pole of a 20cm is fastened in the lower end, bamboo pole one end is inserting in the soil at a distance from plant root 10cm, the fixing and packaging rope, and the sponge gourd master is climing to be wrapped on the packing rope, every 5-6 joints, tie up once climing later on;

(5) fall climing:When main climing growing point during from two road film 20cm, it is climing in time to fall, and falls climingly should select fine afternoon, and this moment, towel gourd stem was soft, and frangibility is not tied up and climingly carried out downwards successively from going up most one;

( 6) pinch, dredge strain, draw climing, to the canopy film: when main climing 23-25 joint, two limits of booth are capable does not pinch, all the other interlacing are pinched, and the sponge gourd of pinching is gathered and pulled out after complete, later on according to the plant strain growth situation, pull out growth plant every strain, guarantee that plant strain growth is mutually not airtight, have sunlight to be transmitted in the booth, along with plant strain growth, the plant of will not pinching is guided on the interior two road film framves of booth, and 18-22 day in May is thrown off greenhouse film;

(7) rich water quality management and the extermination of disease and insect pest:After the pollination of the first female flower is beared fruit, the every mu of urea 30kg that spreads manuer in holes, whenever the 2--3 mu of gathering the later on urea 30kg that spreads manuer in holes, simultaneously water management is caught up with, more will guarantee the moisture ample supply season of containing melon phase, high temperature and drought, according to sponge gourd plant strain growth situation, can spray biphosphate potassium foliage fertilizer nutrient solution, improve commodity rate, field planting the previous day before lifting is with tpn, viral A spraying, after alive of the field planting, with disposable diseases prevention, the yellow plate trapping of extension aphid, at ordinary times attention control virus disease, the downy mildew in the canopy of irrigating of 500 times of dilution waters of fenaminosulf;

(8) gather:Generally spend rear 7-10 days, sugar-preserved gourd surface fine hair takes off, and can gather when demonstrating product characteristics.