CN103918426A - High-yield planting method for towel gourds - Google Patents

High-yield planting method for towel gourds Download PDF

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CN103918426A
CN103918426A CN201410104755.6A CN201410104755A CN103918426A CN 103918426 A CN103918426 A CN 103918426A CN 201410104755 A CN201410104755 A CN 201410104755A CN 103918426 A CN103918426 A CN 103918426A
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melon
sponge gourd
time
planting
matrix
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CN103918426B (en
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晋传生
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Wuhu Jincheng Agricultural Technology Co.,Ltd.
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WUHU JICHENG AGRICULTURAL TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention provides a high-yield planting method for towel gourds. The high-yield planting method includes the steps of greenhouse cultivation, variety selection, seedling culture, planting, field management and the like. By the method, plant diseases and insect pests are few, growth cycle is long and can reach 12 months, the yield per mu is high and can reach 51800jin, density is about 3700 plants/mu, and the towel gourds are long and straight, uniform in size, colorful, fresh and tender and high in vitamin C content.

Description

A kind of sponge gourd high-yield planting method
Technical field
The present invention relates to arviculture field, be specifically related to a kind of sponge gourd high-yield planting method.
Technical background
Sponge gourd Luffa cylindrica (L.) Roem.Be a kind of cucurbitaceous plant that originates in India, in East Asia Region, be widely cultivated.For Curcurbitaceae is climbed up by holding on to herbaceous plant, sponge gourd root system is powerful.The climing property of stem, five ribs, green, main climing and lateral bine growth is all in great numbers, stipes tool divides branch tendril, easily raw adventive root.All have both at home and abroad and distribute and cultivation.Fruit is summer vegetable, and contained all kinds of nutrition is higher in melon food, and the particular matters such as contained saponins, luffein, lymphatic temperament, wood glue, citrulling, xylan and interferon have certain special role.When ripe, the reticular fibre of the inside claims luffa, can replace sponge to be used as and scrub kitchen range and furniture; Also can hyoscine, the effect of have refrigerant, diuresis, invigorating blood circulation, stimulate the menstrual flow, detoxifying.Originate in Nan Yang, the Ming Dynasty introduces a fine variety China, becomes the vegetables that people often eat.The nutrition of sponge gourd is early approved by people, become common dish on people's dining table, demand is increasing, but existing culture technique, can not meet the growing demand of people completely, how to improve the culture technique of sponge gourd, obtain high yield, polyauxotrophic sponge gourd, become sponge gourd grower's research direction.
Summary of the invention
The invention discloses a kind of sponge gourd high-yield planting method.The sponge gourd that the inventive method cultivates, output is high, and color is bud green, Fresh & Tender in Texture, while vitamin C, content is high.
The technical solution used in the present invention is as follows:
A sponge gourd high-yield planting method, is characterized in that, specifically comprises following content:
(1) greenhouse gardening; Select the high temperature sun light green house plantation that air permeability is good, conditioning convenient and heat insulation effect is high;
(2) select improved seeds: selects the kind of precocious, disease-resistant, high yield, high-quality as five leaves perfume sponge gourds, Jiangshu 1 sponge gourd, Wanlu No. 1 sponge gourd;
(3) adopt matrix point disk seedling growing: sowing in 27-29 days before field planting, nursery temperature is 25-35 ℃, sponge gourd is broadcast the front hydrogen peroxide that seed is put into 10-15% and is soaked 5-10 minute, put into again the warm water of the 23-25 ℃ 3-5 hour that soaks seed, change water 1-2 time during this time, then pick up, after rinsing well with clear water, adopt again after microwave treatment 3-4min, with wet gauze, wrap and be placed on vernalization in incubator, when showing money or valuables one carries unintentionally bud, the seed when 70% can sow, first the matrix in the dish of cave is watered to vola water, water oozes lower rear with the thin one deck that spreads of matrix, levelling cave panel surface matrix, then by seed sowing to dish hole, cave, after planting cover matrix 0.8 cm-1.0cm, on the dish of cave, cover 1 layer of mulch film, before emerging, keep 28~33 ℃ of temperature, in good time aeration-cooling after emerging, in order to avoid cause rice shoot excessive growth, temperature rests in 23~25 ℃ and is advisable, wherein, the compound method of matrix is: be peat first by weight: the ratio of Chinese medicine slag: vermiculite: vitamin C=1: 1: 1:0.001 is mixed to get compound, by every 1m 3in compound, add 50% carbendazol wettable powder 200g, Chinese herbal medicine germicide powder 50g adds nitrogen phosphorus potassium Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium 1kg simultaneously, puddles evenly, obtains matrix,
(4) rational close planting: first use sufficient base manure before field planting wholely, general 4000 kilograms of high-quality farmyard manures for mu, superphosphate 80-100 kilogram, urea 15-25 kilogram, then 15-18 centimetre deep ploughs, after raking, build furrow, ridging, requires ridge face width 75-85cm, furrow width 35-45cm, the high 35-45cm in ridge, when nursery stage reaches 28 days left and right by the time, carry out transplant planting, every ridge field planting 2 row, spacing in the rows 30cm, seedling 3600-3700 strain for mu;
(5) pluck top: after field planting,, at the temperature of 30-35 ℃, sponge gourd growth starts to pluck top for 18-20 days;
(6) training: when morning, sponge gourd plant grew to 12-13 leaf, start to extract the main climing top heart, and the strong lateral bine growth of plant base portion of selecting and remain, main climing upper all the other lateral bines are all removed, all the other climing whole removals, when there is 5-6 sheet leaf and start to bear fruit in lateral bine by the time, extract again this top heart on climing, while guaranteeing on every lateral bine at interval of 5-6 sheet leaf, there is a young melon, pinch will be in time after pruning apart from root both sides each 30 centimetres of left and right open cave, execute 20 kilograms, urea for every mu, 45 kilograms, cake fertilizer becomes thoroughly decomposed, 25 kilograms of work fruits of nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer are fertile, promote that melon and fruit expands, the 1st batch of melon wanted immediately by identical method, again to prune and pinch after gathering, whole vegetative period is with same method repeat number phase training, the end until yield positive results, every batch of melon gather after every mu impose 18 kilograms, urea and make relay fertilizer,
(7) extermination of disease and insect pest: sponge gourd disease seldom, mainly in florescence prevention, adopts fumigation to prevent young the receipts after spending of each issue melon, every mu with sootiness medicine 400-500g, closes canopy, smoke fumigating time 24 hours;
(8) prevent and treat lopsided melon, improve commodity rate: during knot melon, after finding the young melon growth curvature of part or having tendril to be wound around, should below the curved melon of children, hang in time a weight, make it long straight gradually, or tendril is removed, to improve the commodity rate of melon;
(9) timely collecting
The open rear listing of just can gathering for 9-12 days of general female flower, the Sheng of the gathering phase should gather 1 time every 1 day.Harvesting should be carried out in the morning, gather generally to mid or late August and finish, if manage proper, till gathering and can be extended down to before October, even frost occurs.
Described sponge gourd high-yield planting method, is characterized in that: the seedling-cultivating tray in the Pan Wei50 hole, cave described in step (2), specification is 54cm * 27cm.
Described sponge gourd high-yield planting method, is characterized in that: the compound method of the Chinese herbal medicine germicide powder described in step (2) is: a, take following Chinese medicinal herb raw medicine tuber of stemona 20-30, rhizome of cyrtomium 30-40, nidus vespae 30-40, Chinese aloe leaf 20-30, smallpox 30-40 of ancient India, longan bark 30-40, Chinese wingnut root 30-40, medical stone 30-40, tarragon 30-40, alumen 20-30, kuh-seng 20-30, frutus cnidii 20-30 by weight; B, will after the bulk drug natural seasoning taking, pulverize, put under 70 ℃ of conditions and extract 3-4 time by 85-95% reflow of alcohol, each 2-3 hour, filters phegma and merges, and spraying is dried, the Chinese herbal medicine lixiviate powder obtaining.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
The inventive method cultivation sponge gourd, damage by disease and insect is few, and growth cycle is long, can reach 12 months, per mu yield is high, per mu yield can reach 51800 jin, and density is that mu is used plant 3700 strains left and right, and curcumbitate is long straight, evenly, sponge gourd is bright-colored, Fresh & Tender in Texture, and Vitamin C content is high for size.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
A sponge gourd high-yield planting method, is characterized in that, specifically comprises following content:
(1) greenhouse gardening; Select the high temperature sun light green house plantation that air permeability is good, conditioning convenient and heat insulation effect is high;
(2) select improved seeds: selects the kind of precocious, disease-resistant, high yield, high-quality as five leaves perfume sponge gourds, Jiangshu 1 sponge gourd, Wanlu No. 1 sponge gourd;
(3) adopt matrix point disk seedling growing: sowing in 27-29 days before field planting, nursery temperature is 25-35 ℃, sponge gourd is broadcast the front hydrogen peroxide that seed is put into 10-15% and is soaked 5-10 minute, put into again the warm water of the 23-25 ℃ 3-5 hour that soaks seed, change water 1-2 time during this time, then pick up, after rinsing well with clear water, adopt again after microwave treatment 3-4min, with wet gauze, wrap and be placed on vernalization in incubator, when showing money or valuables one carries unintentionally bud, the seed when 70% can sow, select the seedling-cultivating tray in 50 holes, specification is that coil as seedling-cultivating tray in the cave of 54cm * 27cm, first matrix is layered in the dish of cave, then water vola water, water ooze lower after with the thin one deck that spreads of matrix, levelling cave panel surface matrix, then by seed sowing to dish hole, cave, after planting cover matrix 0.8 cm-1.0cm, on the dish of cave, cover 1 layer of mulch film, before emerging, keep temperature 28-30 ℃, in good time aeration-cooling after emerging, in order to avoid cause rice shoot excessive growth, temperature rests in 23~25 ℃ and is advisable, wherein, the compound method of matrix is: be peat first by weight: the ratio of Chinese medicine slag: vermiculite: vitamin C=1: 1: 1:0.001 is mixed to get compound, by every 1m 3in compound, add 50% carbendazol wettable powder 200g, Chinese herbal medicine germicide powder 50g adds 10:10:10 nitrogen phosphorus potassium Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium 1kg simultaneously, puddles evenly, obtains matrix,
(4) rational close planting: first use sufficient base manure before field planting wholely, general 4000 kilograms of high-quality farmyard manures for mu, superphosphate 80-100 kilogram, urea 15-25 kilogram, then 15-18 centimetre deep ploughs, after raking, build furrow, ridging, requires ridge face width 75-85cm, furrow width 35-45cm, the high 35-45cm in ridge, when nursery stage reaches 28 days left and right by the time, carry out transplant planting, every ridge field planting 2 row, spacing in the rows 30cm, seedling 3600-3700 strain for mu;
(5) pluck top: after field planting,, at the temperature of 30-35 ℃, sponge gourd growth starts to pluck top for 18-20 days;
(6) training: when morning, sponge gourd plant grew to 12-13 leaf, start to extract the main climing top heart, and the strong lateral bine growth of plant base portion of selecting and remain, main climing upper all the other lateral bines are all removed, all the other climing whole removals, when there is 5-6 sheet leaf and start to bear fruit in lateral bine by the time, extract again this top heart on climing, while guaranteeing on every lateral bine at interval of 5-6 sheet leaf, there is a young melon, pinch will be in time after pruning apart from root both sides each 30 centimetres of left and right open cave, execute 20 kilograms, urea for every mu, 45 kilograms, cake fertilizer becomes thoroughly decomposed, 25 kilograms of work fruits of nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer are fertile, promote that melon and fruit expands, the 1st batch of melon wanted immediately by identical method, again to prune and pinch after gathering, whole vegetative period is with same method repeat number phase training, the end until yield positive results, every batch of melon gather after every mu impose 18 kilograms, urea and make relay fertilizer,
(7) extermination of disease and insect pest: sponge gourd disease seldom, mainly in florescence prevention, adopts fumigation to prevent young the receipts after spending of each issue melon, every mu with sootiness medicine 450g, closes canopy, smoke fumigating time 24 hours;
(8) prevent and treat lopsided melon, improve commodity rate: during knot melon, after finding the young melon growth curvature of part or having tendril to be wound around, should below the curved melon of children, hang in time a weight, make it long straight gradually, or tendril is removed, to improve the commodity rate of melon;
(9) timely collecting
The open listing of just can gathering for latter 10 days of general female flower, the Sheng of the gathering phase should gather 1 time every 1 day, harvesting should be carried out in the morning, gather generally to mid or late August and finish, if manage proper, till gathering and can be extended down to before October, even frost occurs.
Wherein, the compound method of Chinese herbal medicine germicide powder is: a, take the following Chinese medicinal herb raw medicine tuber of stemona 25, rhizome of cyrtomium 35, nidus vespae 32, Chinese aloe leaf 28, smallpox of ancient India 35, longan bark 35, Chinese wingnut root 38, medical stone 38, tarragon 38, alumen 28, kuh-seng 28, frutus cnidii 28 by weight; B, will after the bulk drug natural seasoning taking, pulverize, put under 70 ℃ of conditions and extract 4 times by 90% reflow of alcohol, each 2.5 hours, to filter phegma and merge, spraying is dry, the Chinese herbal medicine lixiviate powder obtaining.
The cultivation result of sponge gourd cultivation method of the present invention and conventional sponge gourd cultivation method relatively sees the following form.
? Production cycle (moon) Per mu yield (jin) Sponge gourd commodity rate % Melon type
Conventional method cultivation ?7 18000-20000 30 Single melon is gently little, and deformity is many
Cultivation method of the present invention 12 50000-52000 95 Length is even, and size evenly
From showing, can significantly draw, the cultivation method of sponge gourd of the present invention is compared with conventional method, and output obviously improves, commodity rate is high, and economic benefit improves a lot.

Claims (3)

1. a sponge gourd high-yield planting method, is characterized in that, specifically comprises following content:
(1) greenhouse gardening; Select the high temperature sun light green house plantation that air permeability is good, conditioning convenient and heat insulation effect is high;
(2) select improved seeds: selects the kind of precocious, disease-resistant, high yield, high-quality as five leaves perfume sponge gourds, Jiangshu 1 sponge gourd, Wanlu No. 1 sponge gourd;
(3) adopt matrix point disk seedling growing: sowing in 27-29 days before field planting, nursery temperature is 25-35 ℃, sponge gourd is broadcast the front hydrogen peroxide that seed is put into 10-15% and is soaked 5-10 minute, put into again the warm water of the 23-25 ℃ 3-5 hour that soaks seed, change water 1-2 time during this time, then pick up, after rinsing well with clear water, adopt again after microwave treatment 3-4min, with wet gauze, wrap and be placed on vernalization in incubator, when showing money or valuables one carries unintentionally bud, the seed when 70% can sow, first the matrix in the dish of cave is watered to vola water, water oozes lower rear with the thin one deck that spreads of matrix, levelling cave panel surface matrix, then by seed sowing to dish hole, cave, after planting cover matrix 0.8 cm-1.0cm, on the dish of cave, cover 1 layer of mulch film, before emerging, keep 28~33 ℃ of temperature, in good time aeration-cooling after emerging, in order to avoid cause rice shoot excessive growth, temperature rests in 23~25 ℃ and is advisable, wherein, the compound method of matrix is: be peat first by weight: the ratio of Chinese medicine slag: vermiculite: vitamin C=1: 1: 1:0.001 is mixed to get compound, by every 1m 3in compound, add 50% carbendazol wettable powder 200g, Chinese herbal medicine germicide powder 50g adds nitrogen phosphorus potassium Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium 1kg simultaneously, puddles evenly, obtains matrix,
(4) rational close planting: first use sufficient base manure before field planting wholely, 75-100 kilograms of general 8000 kilograms of high-quality farmyard manures for mu, superphosphate 100-150 kilogram, potassium sulfates, then 15-18 centimetre deep ploughs, after raking, build furrow, ridging, requires ridge face width 75-85cm, furrow width 35-45cm, the high 35-45cm in ridge, when nursery stage reaches 28 days left and right by the time, carry out transplant planting, every ridge field planting 2 row, spacing in the rows 30cm, seedling 3600-3700 strain for mu;
(5) pluck top: after field planting,, at the temperature of 30-35 ℃, sponge gourd growth starts to pluck top for 18-20 days;
(6) training: when morning, sponge gourd plant grew to 15-16 leaf, start to extract the main climing top heart, and the strong lateral bine growth of plant base portion of selecting and remain, main climing upper all the other lateral bines are all removed, all the other climing whole removals, when there is 5-6 sheet leaf and start to bear fruit in lateral bine by the time, extract again this top heart on climing, while guaranteeing on every lateral bine at interval of 5-6 sheet leaf, there is a young melon, pinch will be in time after pruning apart from root both sides each 30 centimetres of left and right open cave, execute 20 kilograms, urea for every mu, 45 kilograms, cake fertilizer becomes thoroughly decomposed, 25 kilograms of work fruits of nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer are fertile, promote that melon and fruit expands, the 1st batch of melon wanted immediately by identical method, again to prune and pinch after gathering, whole vegetative period is with same method repeat number phase training, the end until yield positive results, every batch of melon gather after every mu impose 18 kilograms, urea and make relay fertilizer,
(7) extermination of disease and insect pest: sponge gourd disease seldom, mainly in florescence prevention, adopts fumigation to prevent young the receipts after spending of each issue melon, every mu with sootiness medicine 400-500g, closes canopy, smoke fumigating time 24 hours;
(8) prevent and treat lopsided melon, improve commodity rate: during knot melon, after finding the young melon growth curvature of part or having tendril to be wound around, should below the curved melon of children, hang in time a weight, make it long straight gradually, or tendril is removed, to improve the commodity rate of melon;
(9) timely collecting
The open rear listing of just can gathering for 9-12 days of general female flower, the Sheng of the gathering phase should gather 1 time every 1 day; Harvesting should be carried out in the morning, gather generally to mid or late August and finish, if manage proper, till gathering and can be extended down to before October, even frost occurs.
2. sponge gourd high-yield planting method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the seedling-cultivating tray in the Pan Wei50 hole, cave described in step (2), specification is 54cm * 27cm.
3. sponge gourd high-yield planting method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the compound method of the Chinese herbal medicine germicide powder described in step (2) is: a, take following Chinese medicinal herb raw medicine tuber of stemona 20-30, rhizome of cyrtomium 30-40, nidus vespae 30-40, Chinese aloe leaf 20-30, smallpox 30-40 of ancient India, longan bark 30-40, Chinese wingnut root 30-40, medical stone 30-40, tarragon 30-40, alumen 20-30, kuh-seng 20-30, frutus cnidii 20-30 by weight; B, will after the bulk drug natural seasoning taking, pulverize, put under 70 ℃ of conditions and extract 3-4 time by 85-95% reflow of alcohol, each 2-3 hour, filters phegma and merges, and spraying is dried, the Chinese herbal medicine lixiviate powder obtaining.
CN201410104755.6A 2014-03-20 2014-03-20 A kind of high yield of loofah implantation methods Active CN103918426B (en)

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Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104584838A (en) * 2015-01-28 2015-05-06 南农大(常熟)新农村发展研究院有限公司 Technique for cultivating towel gourd in autumn and winter
CN105027738A (en) * 2015-08-29 2015-11-11 固镇县传红家庭农场 Towel gourd seed treatment method ensuring high germination rate
CN105052710A (en) * 2015-09-22 2015-11-18 江苏农林职业技术学院 Nutrition medium for raising towel gourd seedlings
CN106962205A (en) * 2017-06-02 2017-07-21 合肥华盖生物科技有限公司 A kind of photinia glabra tissue-cultured seedling root media and cultural method
CN107278594A (en) * 2017-07-31 2017-10-24 杨俊富 A kind of high-yield planting method of greenhouse balsam pear
CN107371755A (en) * 2017-08-31 2017-11-24 广西沙田仙人滩农业投资有限公司 A kind of implantation methods of sponge gourd good quality and high output
CN107409684A (en) * 2017-06-06 2017-12-01 明光市裕阳农业有限公司 A kind of greenhouse sponge gourd implantation methods for improving yield
CN108925380A (en) * 2018-08-01 2018-12-04 长沙市蔬菜科学研究所(长沙市无公害蔬菜检测中心)(长沙市农业科学研究所) A kind of one batch of double receipts balsam pear producing method for seed
CN109429939A (en) * 2018-12-27 2019-03-08 福建省农业科学院作物研究所 A kind of sponge gourd dense planting repeatedly changes climing concentration and stays fruit cultural method
CN110663469A (en) * 2019-11-20 2020-01-10 汨罗市智景供销专业合作社联合社 Planting method of watermelons
CN110915569A (en) * 2018-08-31 2020-03-27 广西优吉屯农业科技有限公司 Planting method of towel gourds
CN112136611A (en) * 2020-08-21 2020-12-29 桐乡市绿营蔬菜专业合作社 Planting method of loofah capable of growing circularly
CN116584201A (en) * 2023-07-04 2023-08-15 广州市农业科学研究院 Method for accelerating germination of luffa seeds with edges and improving seedling rate

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Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104584838A (en) * 2015-01-28 2015-05-06 南农大(常熟)新农村发展研究院有限公司 Technique for cultivating towel gourd in autumn and winter
CN105027738A (en) * 2015-08-29 2015-11-11 固镇县传红家庭农场 Towel gourd seed treatment method ensuring high germination rate
CN105052710A (en) * 2015-09-22 2015-11-18 江苏农林职业技术学院 Nutrition medium for raising towel gourd seedlings
CN106962205A (en) * 2017-06-02 2017-07-21 合肥华盖生物科技有限公司 A kind of photinia glabra tissue-cultured seedling root media and cultural method
CN107409684A (en) * 2017-06-06 2017-12-01 明光市裕阳农业有限公司 A kind of greenhouse sponge gourd implantation methods for improving yield
CN107278594A (en) * 2017-07-31 2017-10-24 杨俊富 A kind of high-yield planting method of greenhouse balsam pear
CN107371755A (en) * 2017-08-31 2017-11-24 广西沙田仙人滩农业投资有限公司 A kind of implantation methods of sponge gourd good quality and high output
CN108925380A (en) * 2018-08-01 2018-12-04 长沙市蔬菜科学研究所(长沙市无公害蔬菜检测中心)(长沙市农业科学研究所) A kind of one batch of double receipts balsam pear producing method for seed
CN110915569A (en) * 2018-08-31 2020-03-27 广西优吉屯农业科技有限公司 Planting method of towel gourds
CN109429939A (en) * 2018-12-27 2019-03-08 福建省农业科学院作物研究所 A kind of sponge gourd dense planting repeatedly changes climing concentration and stays fruit cultural method
CN110663469A (en) * 2019-11-20 2020-01-10 汨罗市智景供销专业合作社联合社 Planting method of watermelons
CN112136611A (en) * 2020-08-21 2020-12-29 桐乡市绿营蔬菜专业合作社 Planting method of loofah capable of growing circularly
CN116584201A (en) * 2023-07-04 2023-08-15 广州市农业科学研究院 Method for accelerating germination of luffa seeds with edges and improving seedling rate
CN116584201B (en) * 2023-07-04 2023-12-26 广州市农业科学研究院 Method for accelerating germination of luffa seeds with edges and improving seedling rate

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