CN110663469A - Planting method of watermelons - Google Patents
Planting method of watermelons Download PDFInfo
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- CN110663469A CN110663469A CN201911139181.5A CN201911139181A CN110663469A CN 110663469 A CN110663469 A CN 110663469A CN 201911139181 A CN201911139181 A CN 201911139181A CN 110663469 A CN110663469 A CN 110663469A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/05—Fruit crops, e.g. strawberries, tomatoes or cucumbers
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
- A01C1/08—Immunising seed
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Ecology (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a planting method of water melon, which comprises seed selection and seedling raising, transplanting and field planting, vine hanging and field management, wherein batch transplanting is adopted for the transplanting and field planting, and the vine hanging adopts staggered layered vertical frame vine guiding. The invention makes the seedlings form structures with different growth levels through artificial transplanting control, and carries out the dislocation of vine leaves and the layered vine leading growth by utilizing the growth interval difference, thereby not only efficiently utilizing the planting space, but also making the growing environment of lighting, ventilation and the like of plants better through interval planting and layered shelving, effectively improving the fruit bearing rate and laying a good foundation for batch production. The planting method of the invention can ensure that the leaf vines grow orderly and the picking is more convenient, and also effectively solves the problems of disordered growth, inconvenient picking and the like which are common in the existing seed scattering process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a vegetable planting method, in particular to a planting method of watermelons.
Background
The water melon is a vegetable, is an annual cultivation, is a deciduous plant, is mostly cultivated near a vegetable field or village or beside a house, is a common melon in summer, and can be eaten and used as a medicine. The watermelon is sweet and cold, the watermelon flesh is sweet, the watermelon is a good summer-heat relieving vegetable in summer, and the watermelon contains rich mineral substances of calcium, phosphorus and iron, sugar, citric acid and a small amount of provitamin A, vitamin B, vitamin C and the like. However, most of the current watermelons are mainly planted by scattered autonomous scattered seeds, cannot achieve batch production, and cannot meet market demands.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to improve and innovate the defects and problems in the background art and provides a planting method of water melons.
The planting method comprises the steps of seed selection and seedling raising, transplanting and field planting, vine hanging and field management, wherein batch transplanting is adopted for the transplanting and field planting, the vine hanging is adopted for leading vines by staggered layered vertical frames, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
the transplanting and field planting adopts the interval transplanting of seedlings with different batches and different growing ages, namely the interval transplanting and field planting of short seedlings of 6-8 cm and high seedlings of 10-15 cm.
The vine hanging adopts a mode of firstly building vertical frames to guide vines and then building multilayer cross frames to guide vines; arranging a vertical frame beside the seedling 3-5 days after the survival of the transplanted seedling, and guiding the tendrils to the vertical frame after the tendrils are 30 cm long; after the high seedlings grow to 50cm along the vertical frames, a first layer of transverse frames is erected, and vines are guided to the transverse frames; after the short seedlings grow more than 30 cm from the first layer of transverse frames along the vertical frames, the second layer of transverse frames are erected, and tendrils are guided to the transverse frames; and finally, a top-layer cross frame is erected 20 cm above the second-layer cross frame and is used for guiding the vines of the ultralong vines.
In the field management period, vine leaves in the growth period need to be unscheduled carded, and cross frames on the same layer mutually guide vine according to the growth condition of the vine leaves, so that the vine leaves grow uniformly, and the water content of soil is always protected to be not lower than 60%.
In one embodiment, the seed selection and seedling raising is as follows: firstly, seeds collected in the last year and stored in sand are put into water with the temperature of 20 ℃ for soaking for 3-5 minutes, and floating seeds are removed; soaking the seeds in hydrogen peroxide at 20-25 ℃ for 15-20 minutes, fishing out, washing, soaking in warm water at 25-35 ℃ for 2-3 hours, rinsing to remove mucilage on the surface of the seed coat, performing microwave treatment for 3-4 minutes, wrapping with wet gauze, performing germination acceleration at a constant temperature of 30-35 ℃, and sowing when 80% of the seeds are exposed to white buds. The treated seeds have high germination rate, strong seedlings and less plant diseases and insect pests.
In one embodiment, the distance between the transplanted seedlings is 40-50cm, the row distance is 80-100cm, and the row distance is favorable for building frames and leading vines at the later stage to form a reasonable space favorable for plant growth.
In one embodiment, the transverse frame adopts an arch frame with a middle-high part and a lower part, and is fixed on the vertical frame, so that the built vertical frame is low in periphery and high in middle, the growth trend of vine leaves is conformed, and a more unobstructed growth space is formed in the frame, and the growth of the water melon is facilitated.
In one embodiment, the first layer cross frame and the second layer cross frame are arranged in a staggered mode from top to bottom, and the spacing distance between the first layer cross frame and the top layer cross frame is gradually increased from bottom to top, so that lighting, vine combing and melon and fruit growing and picking are facilitated.
The invention has the advantages and beneficial effects that:
the invention makes the seedlings form structures with different growth levels through artificial transplanting control, and carries out the dislocation of vine leaves and the layered vine leading growth by utilizing the growth interval difference, thereby not only efficiently utilizing the planting space, but also making the growing environment of lighting, ventilation and the like of plants better through interval planting and layered shelving, effectively improving the fruit bearing rate and laying a good foundation for batch production. The planting method of the invention can ensure that the leaf vines grow orderly and the picking is more convenient, and also effectively solves the problems of disordered growth, inconvenient picking and the like which are common in the existing seed scattering process.
Detailed Description
In order to facilitate an understanding of the invention, several embodiments of the invention are set forth below. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention.
Example 1:
1. selecting seeds and raising seedlings, firstly soaking the seeds collected in the last year and stored in sand in water at 20 ℃ for 3 minutes, and removing floating seeds. Soaking the seeds in 25 ℃ hydrogen peroxide for 15 minutes, fishing out, washing, soaking in 30 ℃ warm water for 3 hours, rinsing to remove surface mucus of the seed coats, performing microwave treatment for 3 minutes, wrapping with wet gauze, performing constant temperature germination acceleration at 30 ℃, and sowing when 80% of the seeds expose white buds.
2. Transplanting and field planting, namely adopting the interval transplanting of seedlings of different batches and different growing ages, namely adopting the interval transplanting and field planting of 6 cm short seedlings and 10 cm high seedlings. The distance between transplanted seedlings is 40cm, and the row spacing is 90 cm.
3. And hanging the tendrils by firstly erecting vertical frames to guide the tendrils and then erecting multiple layers of transverse frames to guide the tendrils. After the transplanted seedlings survive for 3 days, vertical frames are arranged beside the seedlings, and the tendrils are guided to the vertical frames after the tendrils are 30 cm long. After the high seedlings grow to 50cm along the vertical frames, a first layer of transverse frames is erected, and the vines are guided to the transverse frames. And after the short seedlings grow more than 30 cm from the first layer of transverse frames along the vertical frames, erecting a second layer of transverse frames, and leading the vines to the transverse frames. And finally, a top-layer cross frame is erected 20 cm above the second-layer cross frame and is used for guiding the vines of the ultralong vines. The transverse frame is an arch frame with a middle-high part and a low part and is fixed on the vertical frame. The first layer crossbearer and the second layer crossbearer are staggered up and down, and the spacing distance between the first layer crossbearer, the second layer crossbearer and the top layer crossbearer is gradually increased from bottom to top.
4. In the field management, weeding, fertilizing and pest control by adopting a conventional planting method, attention needs to be paid to irregularly combing the vine leaves in the growth period, and cross frames on the same layer mutually guide the vines according to the growth condition of the vine leaves, so that the vine leaves grow uniformly, and the water content of soil is always protected to be not lower than 60%.
Example 2:
1. selecting seeds and raising seedlings, namely soaking the seeds collected in the last year and stored in sand in water at the temperature of 20 ℃ for 5 minutes, and removing floating seeds; soaking the seeds in hydrogen peroxide at 20 ℃ for 20 minutes, fishing out, washing, soaking in warm water at 35 ℃ for 2 hours, rinsing to remove mucus on the surface of seed coats, performing microwave treatment for 4 minutes, wrapping with wet gauze, accelerating germination at constant temperature of 35 ℃, and sowing when 80% of seeds expose white buds.
2. Transplanting and field planting, namely transplanting and field planting seedlings in different batches and different growing ages at intervals, namely transplanting and field planting seedlings at intervals of 7 cm short seedlings and 12 cm high seedlings. The distance between transplanted seedlings is 45cm, and the row spacing is 100 cm.
3. And hanging the tendrils by firstly erecting vertical frames to guide the tendrils and then erecting multiple layers of transverse frames to guide the tendrils. After the transplanted seedlings survive, vertical frames are arranged beside the seedlings 5 days later, and the tendrils are guided to the vertical frames after the tendrils are 30 cm long. After the high seedlings grow to 50cm along the vertical frames, a first layer of transverse frames is erected, and the vines are guided to the transverse frames. And after the short seedlings grow more than 30 cm from the first layer of transverse frames along the vertical frames, erecting a second layer of transverse frames, and leading the vines to the transverse frames. And finally, a top-layer cross frame is erected 20 cm above the second-layer cross frame and is used for guiding the vines of the ultralong vines. The transverse frame adopts a horizontal frame and is vertically fixed on the vertical frame. The first layer crossbearer and the second layer crossbearer are staggered up and down, and the spacing distance between the first layer crossbearer, the second layer crossbearer and the top layer crossbearer is gradually increased from bottom to top.
4. In the field management, weeding, fertilizing and pest control by adopting a conventional planting method, attention needs to be paid to irregularly combing the vine leaves in the growth period, and cross frames on the same layer mutually guide the vines according to the growth condition of the vine leaves, so that the vine leaves grow uniformly, and the water content of soil is always protected to be not lower than 60%.
Example 3:
1. selecting seeds and raising seedlings, namely soaking the seeds collected in the last year and stored in sand in water at the temperature of 20 ℃ for 4 minutes, and removing floating seeds; soaking the seeds in hydrogen peroxide at 20 ℃ for 15 minutes, fishing out, washing, soaking in warm water at 25 ℃ for 2.5 hours, rinsing to remove mucus on the surface of the seed coat, performing microwave treatment for 4 minutes, wrapping with wet gauze, accelerating germination at constant temperature of 35 ℃, and sowing when 80% of seeds expose white buds.
2. Transplanting and field planting, namely transplanting and field planting seedlings in different batches and different growing ages at intervals, namely transplanting and field planting seedlings at intervals of 8 cm short seedlings and 15 cm high seedlings. The distance between transplanted seedlings is 50cm, and the row spacing is 80 cm.
3. And hanging the tendrils by firstly erecting vertical frames to guide the tendrils and then erecting multiple layers of transverse frames to guide the tendrils. After the transplanted seedlings survive for 4 days, arranging vertical frames beside the seedlings, and guiding the tendrils to the vertical frames after the tendrils are 30 cm long. After the high seedlings grow to 50cm along the vertical frames, a first layer of transverse frames is erected, and the vines are guided to the transverse frames. And after the short seedlings grow more than 30 cm from the first layer of transverse frames along the vertical frames, erecting a second layer of transverse frames, and leading the vines to the transverse frames. And finally, a top-layer cross frame is erected 20 cm above the second-layer cross frame and is used for guiding the vines of the ultralong vines. The transverse frame is an arch frame with a middle-high part and a low part and is fixed on the vertical frame. The first layer crossbearer and the second layer crossbearer are staggered up and down, and the spacing distance between the first layer crossbearer, the second layer crossbearer and the top layer crossbearer is gradually increased from bottom to top.
4. In the field management, weeding, fertilizing and pest control by adopting a conventional planting method, attention needs to be paid to irregularly combing the vine leaves in the growth period, and cross frames on the same layer mutually guide the vines according to the growth condition of the vine leaves, so that the vine leaves grow uniformly, and the water content of soil is always protected to be not lower than 60%.
The embodiments of the present invention are described only for the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and not for the limitation of the concept and scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements made to the technical solution of the present invention by those skilled in the art without departing from the design concept of the present invention shall fall into the protection scope of the present invention, and the technical content of the present invention which is claimed is fully set forth in the claims.
Claims (5)
1. A planting method of water melon comprises seed selection seedling raising, transplanting field planting, vine hanging and field management, and is characterized in that batch transplanting is adopted for transplanting field planting, and vine hanging adopts staggered layered vertical frame vine guiding, and specifically comprises the following steps:
the transplanting and field planting adopts interval transplanting of seedlings of different batches and different growing ages, namely interval transplanting and field planting of short seedlings of 6-8 cm and high seedlings of 10-15 cm;
the vine hanging adopts a mode of firstly building vertical frames to guide vines and then building multilayer cross frames to guide vines; arranging a vertical frame beside the seedling 3-5 days after the survival of the transplanted seedling, and guiding the tendrils to the vertical frame after the tendrils are 30 cm long; after the high seedlings grow to 50cm along the vertical frames, a first layer of transverse frames is erected, and vines are guided to the transverse frames; after the short seedlings grow more than 30 cm from the first layer of transverse frames along the vertical frames, the second layer of transverse frames are erected, and tendrils are guided to the transverse frames; finally, a top-layer cross frame is erected 20 cm above the second-layer cross frame and is used for guiding the vines of the ultra-long vines;
in the field management period, vine leaves in the growth period need to be unscheduled carded, and cross frames on the same layer mutually guide vine according to the growth condition of the vine leaves, so that the vine leaves grow uniformly, and the water content of soil is always protected to be not lower than 60%.
2. The planting method of the watermelons according to claim 1, characterized in that the seed selection and seedling raising specifically comprises the following steps: firstly, seeds collected in the last year and stored in sand are put into water with the temperature of 20 ℃ for soaking for 3-5 minutes, and floating seeds are removed; soaking the seeds in hydrogen peroxide at 20-25 ℃ for 15-20 minutes, fishing out, washing, soaking in warm water at 25-35 ℃ for 2-3 hours, rinsing to remove mucilage on the surface of the seed coat, performing microwave treatment for 3-4 minutes, wrapping with wet gauze, performing germination acceleration at a constant temperature of 30-35 ℃, and sowing when 80% of the seeds are exposed to white buds.
3. The planting method of the watermelons according to claim 1, wherein the planting distance of the transplanted seedlings is 40-50cm, and the row spacing is 80-100 cm.
4. The planting method of the water melon according to claim 1, characterized in that the horizontal frame is an arch frame with a middle-high and a low-outside, and is fixed on the vertical frame.
5. The planting method of the watermelons according to claim 1, wherein the first layer of transverse frames and the second layer of transverse frames are staggered up and down, and the spacing distance between the first layer of transverse frames, the second layer of transverse frames and the top layer of transverse frames is gradually increased from bottom to top.
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| CN201911139181.5A CN110663469B (en) | 2019-11-20 | 2019-11-20 | Planting method of watermelons |
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| CN201911139181.5A CN110663469B (en) | 2019-11-20 | 2019-11-20 | Planting method of watermelons |
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Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1631094A (en) * | 2004-12-30 | 2005-06-29 | 买日江·热西堤 | Double layer shelf for grape and culture method thereof |
| KR20070085189A (en) * | 2007-08-04 | 2007-08-27 | 유연실 | The way culture of vegetables gourd bud |
| JP2014087315A (en) * | 2012-10-31 | 2014-05-15 | Haruaki Nakamura | Supporting trellis for climbing plant |
| CN103918426A (en) * | 2014-03-20 | 2014-07-16 | 芜湖晋诚农业科技有限公司 | High-yield planting method for towel gourds |
| CN103988664A (en) * | 2014-04-29 | 2014-08-20 | 梁柏初 | Cultivation technique for vernal bitter gourds |
| CN107242017A (en) * | 2017-08-01 | 2017-10-13 | 合肥百绿盛农业科技有限公司 | A kind of greenhouse high-yield cultivation method of sponge gourd |
| CN108739141A (en) * | 2018-06-29 | 2018-11-06 | 贵州关岭阿依苗生态农业发展有限公司 | A kind of cultural method of pair of sub- melon |
| CN208402697U (en) * | 2018-05-15 | 2019-01-22 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | Formula of partly taking shelter from rain vegetable cultivation frame |
-
2019
- 2019-11-20 CN CN201911139181.5A patent/CN110663469B/en active Active
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1631094A (en) * | 2004-12-30 | 2005-06-29 | 买日江·热西堤 | Double layer shelf for grape and culture method thereof |
| KR20070085189A (en) * | 2007-08-04 | 2007-08-27 | 유연실 | The way culture of vegetables gourd bud |
| JP2014087315A (en) * | 2012-10-31 | 2014-05-15 | Haruaki Nakamura | Supporting trellis for climbing plant |
| CN103918426A (en) * | 2014-03-20 | 2014-07-16 | 芜湖晋诚农业科技有限公司 | High-yield planting method for towel gourds |
| CN103988664A (en) * | 2014-04-29 | 2014-08-20 | 梁柏初 | Cultivation technique for vernal bitter gourds |
| CN107242017A (en) * | 2017-08-01 | 2017-10-13 | 合肥百绿盛农业科技有限公司 | A kind of greenhouse high-yield cultivation method of sponge gourd |
| CN208402697U (en) * | 2018-05-15 | 2019-01-22 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | Formula of partly taking shelter from rain vegetable cultivation frame |
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