CN107242017A - A kind of greenhouse high-yield cultivation method of sponge gourd - Google Patents
A kind of greenhouse high-yield cultivation method of sponge gourd Download PDFInfo
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- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
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- A01N59/14—Boron; Compounds thereof
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- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of greenhouse high-yield cultivation method of sponge gourd, it is related to sponge gourd technical field of cultivation, comprises the following steps：（1）, soil improvement；（2）, build greenhouse；（3）, seed selection and soak seed；（4）, vernalization；（5）, Dressing；（6）, seeding and seedling raising；（7）, field planting；（8）, field management；（9）, harvesting.The present invention is scientific and reasonable, realizes the standardization and scale of sponge gourd plantation, significantly improves the yield and quality of sponge gourd.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to sponge gourd technical field of cultivation, and in particular to a kind of greenhouse high-yield cultivation method of sponge gourd.
Background technology
Sponge gourd is not only vegetables nutritious on people's dining table, or industrially production skin care products, health products, skin care
The important source material of product, the demand for sponge gourd is constantly in the state that supply falls short of demand, in the prior art, the non-standard of plantation of sponge gourd
Change, scale yields poorly.
The content of the invention
It is scientific and reasonable it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of greenhouse high-yield cultivation method of sponge gourd, realize sponge gourd plantation
Standardization and scale, significantly improve the yield and quality of sponge gourd.
The invention provides following technical scheme：A kind of greenhouse high-yield cultivation method of sponge gourd, comprises the following steps：
（1）, soil improvement
Selection is on the sunny side, fertile soil property, moistening, irrigation and drainage are convenient and pH value for 5.8 ~ 6.8 loam or clay loam as planting site, turn over
Plough after 25 ~ 45cm, exposure 5 ~ 7 days, every mu of application 100 ~ 120kg soil conditioner is turned over 15 ~ 25cm, sprinkled water after raking again
Drenched completely to soil, one layer of wheat stalk is then covered on planting site；
（2）, build greenhouse
The greenhouse of south-north direction is built on planting site, greenhouse width is 8 ~ 10m, and length is 30 ~ 35m, and silk is set in greenhouse
Melon climbing frame, greenhouse is covered with film, and sets ventilation unit and temperature and humidity control device；
（3）, seed selection and soak seed
Seed selection：Selection fruit-setting rate is high, disease resistance is strong, the kind of high temperature resistance, chooses the seed of wherein full grains；
Pretreatment：Seed is put into 55 ~ 65 DEG C of clear water 3 ~ 4h of immersion, the mucus for removing surface is washed by rubbing with the hands, then 10 ~
Ultrasonically treated 5 ~ 10min under the conditions of 16kHz, then sprays the borax solution that mass concentration is 0.3 ~ 0.42% to the surface of the seed,
Then it is placed on 20 ~ 30min of low-temperature treatment in the environment that temperature is 0 ~ 3 DEG C；
Seed soaking：Seed is taken out, 3 ~ 6min of immersion in seed-soaking liquid is put into, pulls out, it is standby；
（4）, vernalization
By step（3）Obtained seed is placed in germinating box, and germinating box temperature control is 24~26 DEG C, is stirred daily 8 ~ 10 times；
（5）, Dressing
When more than 70% seed shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally in germinating box, take out, puncture epidermis in the one end of seed away from plumule using fine needle, then
Using seed dressing to seed Dressing, seed of dressing seed is obtained, prepares sowing；
（6）, seeding and seedling raising
Prepare seedlings nursing plate in greenhouse, laying depth is 5 ~ 8cm matrix in seedlings nursing plate, matrix is splashed extremely with soya bean slurry solution
Wetting depth is 2 ~ 3cm, and then seed dressing seed point is sown into after seedlings nursing plate, germination, seedling is obtained, 50 are reached when seedling age ~
60 days, 31 heart of leaf when, ventilation hardening 2 ~ 3 days prepares field planting；
（7）, field planting
The preceding wheat stalk lighted on planting site for 3 ~ 5 days of field planting, turns over 20 ~ 25cm again, ridging after raking, the control of ridge face width degree
For 1.2 ~ 1.5m, ridge is highly 35 ~ 45cm；
By step（6）Seedling replanting enter planting site, per ridge be colonized 2 rows, spacing in the rows control be 30 ~ 40cm, pour permeable after field planting；
（8）, field management
Rich water quality management：Water once within every 3 ~ 5 days after field planting, water temperature control is 10 ~ 20 DEG C；After field planting every 15 ~ 20 days every mu applied
300 ~ 400kg of machine fertilizer；
Weeding：Every 10 ~ 12 days tillage and weedings, weeding depth was 5 ~ 10cm, and the weeding time is afternoon 4 ~ 6 point；
Greenhouse is managed：Before sponge gourd stage of development and maturation, canopy temperature remains 20 ~ 26 DEG C, and divulge information 2 ~ 3h daily；
（9）, harvesting.
Wherein, the step（1）Soil conditioner include following part count raw material：45 ~ 55 parts of quick lime, paulownia saw
End 34 ~ 36 parts, 24 ~ 26 parts of castor leaf powder, 14 ~ 16 parts of vinasse, 9 ~ 11 parts of biogas residue, 5 ~ 7 parts of potassium hydrogen phosphate, 5 ~ 7 parts of ferrous sulfate,
1 ~ 3 part of 2 ~ 4 parts of zinc sulfate and boric acid.
Wherein, the step（3）Middle variety of luffa is the one or more in Jiangshu No.1, five leaves perfume and Shanghai perfume.
Wherein, the step（3）In seed-soaking liquid include following part count raw material：15 ~ 17 parts of borax, propane diols 10 ~ 12
54 ~ 57 parts of part, 9 ~ 11 parts of potassium nitrate, 5 ~ 7 parts of magnesium sulfate, 4 ~ 6 parts of nickel sulfate, 2 ~ 4 parts of potassium permanganate and water, aforementioned base materials are mixed
Close uniform, the seed-soaking liquid is made.
Wherein, the step（5）Seed dressing include following part count raw material：24 ~ 26 parts of cornstarch, plant ash 20 ~
30 ~ 35 parts of 22 parts, 10 ~ 12 parts of nanometer selenium pulvis, 10 ~ 12 parts of sodium selenite, 5 ~ 7 parts of zinc sulfate and water, will each described raw material
Mixing, is uniformly dispersed, obtains seed dressing.
Wherein, the step（6）Seedlings nursing plate be 50 holes or 30 holes, the matrix include following part count raw material：
40 ~ 45 parts of garden mould, 15 ~ 20 parts of corncob, 10 ~ 12 parts of mushroom slag, 3 ~ 4 parts of carbendazim, 3 ~ 4 parts of azedarach powder, 2 ~ 3 parts of kuh-seng powder and
24 ~ 26 parts of water.
Wherein, the step（6）Also include seedling management：3.5% calcium chloride of sprinkling in every 3 ~ 4 days is molten after coming up
Isometric mixed solution of liquid and 4.5% brown sugar solution, canopy temperature remains 22 ~ 27 DEG C, keep matrix wettability be 35 ~
40%。
Wherein, the step（8）Organic fertilizer includes the raw material that following part is counted：45 ~ 50 parts of plant ash, 35 ~ 40 parts of biogas residue, urine
25 ~ 30 parts of element, 10 ~ 15 parts of humic acid, 10 ~ 15 parts of nanometer selenium pulvis, 8 ~ 10 parts of animal wastes, 5 ~ 7 parts of Diammonium phosphate (DAP), selenous acid
2 ~ 4 parts of 5 ~ 7 parts of sodium, 5 ~ 7 parts of calcium superphosphate and borax.
Wherein, the step（8）Also include pinching, dredge strain, draws climing and the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：It is scientific and reasonable, the standardization and scale of sponge gourd plantation are realized, sponge gourd is significantly improved
Yield and quality, it is specific as follows：
（1）, the present invention carry out soil improvement first, be manured into soil modifying agent to planting site with reference to turning over so that soil and soil
Modifying agent is well mixed, and soil conditioner can promote the formation of soil granular, increase soil fertility, it is therefore prevented that soil erosion,
Retain water and nutrients, in addition, further improving the microbial environment and physical arrangement in soil so that the growth of seedling after field planting is prosperous,
The ability of the disease and insect resistance of seedling is improved, is improved the yield and quality；
（2）, the present invention greenhouse of south-north direction is built on planting site, and is equipped with ventilation unit and temperature and humidity control device,
Standardization and scale are formed, after nursery and field planting, the humiture in rationally control ventilation and greenhouse so that sponge gourd growth is bullied
Influence factor reduction is waited, stability is high, and growth cycle length can reach 12 months, relative to traditional cultivation method, per mu yield is improved
30 ~ 40%, mu benefit increases by 1000 yuan or so；
（3）, the present invention chosen seeds, pre-processed and soaked seed before seeding and seedling raising, pretreatment can break seed dormancy, understand table
Face mycelia, it is neat that seed soaking can promote seed to sprout, and improves seed disease resistance ability, improves the survival rate of later stage seedling；
（4）, the present invention to seed carry out Dressing after sow again, further, the sprouting vigor for improving seed is promoted
Germination so that growth of seedling is prosperous, growing way is neat, in addition, containing nanometer selenium pulvis and sodium selenite in seed dressing, realizes that selenium element is determined
Amount fixed point supply, coordinates the selenium element in organic fertilizer so that inorganic selenium is sucked and is converted into organic Se accumulation by seed and plant
In sponge gourd fruit, the content of Organic Selenium in fruit is improved, by detection, the content of Organic Selenium is 25 μ g/kg or so；
（5）, the present invention seeding and seedling raising is carried out using seedlings nursing plate, coordinate the seedling management in greenhouse so that fast and planting percent of emerging
Height, growth of seedling is vigorous and with flourishing root system, shortens seedling-slowing stage, and the survival rate of transplant planting is high, improves yield；
（6）, the obtained sponge gourd of present invention plantation, curcumbitate length is straight, and uniform in size, sponge gourd is bright-colored, mouthfeel is good and Se content is high,
The flowering rate and fruit-setting rate of sponge gourd plant are improved, the yield and quality of sponge gourd is significantly improved.
Embodiment
With reference to specific embodiment, the present invention is expanded on further.These embodiments be merely to illustrate the present invention and without
In limitation the scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
A kind of greenhouse high-yield cultivation method of sponge gourd, comprises the following steps：
（1）, soil improvement
Selection is on the sunny side, fertile soil property, moistening, irrigation and drainage are convenient and pH value for 5.8 loam as planting site, turn over 25cm, exposure 5
After it, every mu of application 100kg soil conditioner turns over 15cm again, sprinkles water to soil and drenches completely after raking, then in plantation
One layer of wheat stalk is covered on the ground；
（2）, build greenhouse
The greenhouse of south-north direction is built on planting site, greenhouse width is 8m, and length is 30m, sets sponge gourd to climb in greenhouse
Frame, greenhouse is covered with film, and sets ventilation unit and temperature and humidity control device；
（3）, seed selection and soak seed
Seed selection：Selection fruit-setting rate is high, disease resistance is strong, the kind of high temperature resistance, chooses the seed of wherein full grains；
Pretreatment：Seed is put into 55 DEG C of clear water and soaks 3h, the mucus for removing surface is washed by rubbing with the hands, then under the conditions of 10kHz
Ultrasonically treated 5min, then sprays the borax solution that mass concentration is 0.3% to the surface of the seed, and it is 0 DEG C to be then placed on temperature
Low-temperature treatment 20min in environment；
Seed soaking：Seed is taken out, is put into seed-soaking liquid and soaks 3min, is pulled out, it is standby；
（4）, vernalization
By step（3）Obtained seed is placed in germinating box, and germinating box temperature control is 24 DEG C, is stirred daily 8 times；
（5）, Dressing
When more than 70% seed shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally in germinating box, take out, puncture epidermis in the one end of seed away from plumule using fine needle, then
Using seed dressing to seed Dressing, seed of dressing seed is obtained, prepares sowing；
（6）, seeding and seedling raising
Prepare seedlings nursing plate in greenhouse, in seedlings nursing plate laying depth be 5cm matrix, with soya bean slurry solution splash matrix to profit
Wet depth is 2cm, and then seed dressing seed point is sown into after seedlings nursing plate, germination, seedling is obtained, when seedling age reaches 50 days, 3 leaves
During 1 heart, ventilation hardening 2 days prepares field planting；
（7）, field planting
The preceding wheat stalk lighted on planting site for 3 days of field planting, turns over 20cm again, ridging after raking, and the control of ridge face width degree is
1.2m, ridge is highly 35cm；
By step（6）Seedling replanting enter planting site, per ridge be colonized 2 rows, spacing in the rows control be 30cm, pour permeable after field planting；
（8）, field management
Rich water quality management：Water once within every 3 days after field planting, water temperature control is 10 DEG C；Every 15 days every mu of organic fertilizers after field planting
300kg；
Weeding：Every 10 days tillage and weedings, weeding depth was 5cm, and the weeding time is at 4 points in afternoon；
Greenhouse is managed：Before sponge gourd stage of development and maturation, canopy temperature remains 20 DEG C, and divulge information 2h daily；
（9）, harvesting.
Wherein, the step（1）Soil conditioner include following part count raw material：45 parts of quick lime, paulownia sawdust 34
Part, 24 parts of castor leaf powder, 14 parts of vinasse, 9 parts of biogas residue, 5 parts of potassium hydrogen phosphate, 5 parts of ferrous sulfate, 2 parts of zinc sulfate and 1 part of boric acid.
Wherein, the step（3）Middle variety of luffa is Jiangshu No.1.
Wherein, the step（3）In seed-soaking liquid include following part count raw material：15 parts of borax, 10 parts of propane diols, nitric acid
54 parts of 9 parts of potassium, 5 parts of magnesium sulfate, 4 parts of nickel sulfate, 2 parts of potassium permanganate and water, aforementioned base materials are well mixed, and the seed soaking is made
Liquid.
Wherein, the step（5）Seed dressing include following part count raw material：24 parts of cornstarch, 20 parts of plant ash, receive
30 parts of 10 parts of rice selenium powder agent, 10 parts of sodium selenite, 5 parts of zinc sulfate and water, each described raw material is mixed, is uniformly dispersed, obtains
Seed dressing.
Wherein, the step（6）Seedlings nursing plate be 50 holes, the matrix include following part count raw material：40 parts of garden mould,
24 parts of 15 parts of corncob, 10 parts of mushroom slag, 3 parts of carbendazim, 3 parts of azedarach powder, 2 parts of kuh-seng powder and water.
Wherein, the step（6）Also include seedling management：3.5% calcium chloride solution of sprinkling in every 3 days after coming up
With isometric mixed solution of 4.5% brown sugar solution, canopy temperature remains 22 DEG C, and it is 35% to keep matrix wettability.
Wherein, the step（8）Organic fertilizer includes the raw material that following part is counted：45 parts of plant ash, 35 parts of biogas residue, urea 25
Part, 10 parts of humic acid, 10 parts of nanometer selenium pulvis, 8 parts of animal wastes, 5 parts of Diammonium phosphate (DAP), 5 parts of sodium selenite, 5 parts of calcium superphosphate
With 2 parts of borax.
Wherein, the step（8）Also include pinching, dredge strain, draws climing and the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control.
Embodiment 2
A kind of greenhouse high-yield cultivation method of sponge gourd, comprises the following steps：
（1）, soil improvement
Selection is on the sunny side, fertile soil property, moistening, irrigation and drainage are convenient and pH value for 6.8 clay loam as planting site, turn over 45cm, expose
After shining 7 days, every mu of application 120kg soil conditioner turns over 25cm again, sprinkles water to soil and drenches completely after raking, Ran Hou
One layer of wheat stalk is covered on planting site；
（2）, build greenhouse
The greenhouse of south-north direction is built on planting site, greenhouse width is 10m, and length is 35m, sets sponge gourd to climb in greenhouse
Frame, greenhouse is covered with film, and sets ventilation unit and temperature and humidity control device；
（3）, seed selection and soak seed
Seed selection：Selection fruit-setting rate is high, disease resistance is strong, the kind of high temperature resistance, chooses the seed of wherein full grains；
Pretreatment：Seed is put into 65 DEG C of clear water and soaks 4h, the mucus for removing surface is washed by rubbing with the hands, then under the conditions of 16kHz
Ultrasonically treated 10min, then sprays the borax solution that mass concentration is 0.42% to the surface of the seed, is then placed on temperature for 3 DEG C
Environment in low-temperature treatment 30min；
Seed soaking：Seed is taken out, is put into seed-soaking liquid and soaks 6min, is pulled out, it is standby；
（4）, vernalization
By step（3）Obtained seed is placed in germinating box, and germinating box temperature control is 26 DEG C, is stirred daily 10 times；
（5）, Dressing
When more than 70% seed shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally in germinating box, take out, puncture epidermis in the one end of seed away from plumule using fine needle, then
Using seed dressing to seed Dressing, seed of dressing seed is obtained, prepares sowing；
（6）, seeding and seedling raising
Prepare seedlings nursing plate in greenhouse, in seedlings nursing plate laying depth be 8cm matrix, with soya bean slurry solution splash matrix to profit
Wet depth is 3cm, and then seed dressing seed point is sown into after seedlings nursing plate, germination, seedling is obtained, when seedling age reaches 60 days, 3 leaves
During 1 heart, ventilation hardening 3 days prepares field planting；
（7）, field planting
The preceding wheat stalk lighted on planting site for 5 days of field planting, turns over 25cm again, ridging after raking, and the control of ridge face width degree is
1.5m, ridge is highly 45cm；
By step（6）Seedling replanting enter planting site, per ridge be colonized 2 rows, spacing in the rows control be 40cm, pour permeable after field planting；
（8）, field management
Rich water quality management：Water once within every 5 days after field planting, water temperature control is 20 DEG C；Every 20 days every mu of organic fertilizers after field planting
400kg；
Weeding：Every 12 days tillage and weedings, weeding depth was 10cm, and the weeding time is 6 pm；
Greenhouse is managed：Before sponge gourd stage of development and maturation, canopy temperature remains 26 DEG C, and divulge information 3h daily；
（9）, harvesting.
Wherein, the step（1）Soil conditioner include following part count raw material：55 parts of quick lime, paulownia sawdust 36
Part, 26 parts of castor leaf powder, 16 parts of vinasse, 11 parts of biogas residue, 7 parts of potassium hydrogen phosphate, 7 parts of ferrous sulfate, 4 parts of zinc sulfate and 3 parts of boric acid.
Wherein, the step（3）Middle variety of luffa is that five leaves are fragrant.
Wherein, the step（3）In seed-soaking liquid include following part count raw material：17 parts of borax, 12 parts of propane diols, nitric acid
57 parts of 11 parts of potassium, 7 parts of magnesium sulfate, 6 parts of nickel sulfate, 4 parts of potassium permanganate and water, aforementioned base materials are well mixed, and the leaching is made
Plant liquid.
Wherein, the step（5）Seed dressing include following part count raw material：26 parts of cornstarch, 22 parts of plant ash, receive
35 parts of 12 parts of rice selenium powder agent, 12 parts of sodium selenite, 7 parts of zinc sulfate and water, each described raw material is mixed, is uniformly dispersed, obtains
Seed dressing.
Wherein, the step（6）Seedlings nursing plate be 30 holes, the matrix include following part count raw material：45 parts of garden mould,
26 parts of 20 parts of corncob, 12 parts of mushroom slag, 4 parts of carbendazim, 4 parts of azedarach powder, 3 parts of kuh-seng powder and water.
Wherein, the step（6）Also include seedling management：3.5% calcium chloride solution of sprinkling in every 4 days after coming up
With isometric mixed solution of 4.5% brown sugar solution, canopy temperature remains 27 DEG C, and it is 40% to keep matrix wettability.
Wherein, the step（8）Organic fertilizer includes the raw material that following part is counted：50 parts of plant ash, 40 parts of biogas residue, urea 30
Part, 15 parts of humic acid, 15 parts of nanometer selenium pulvis, 10 parts of animal wastes, 7 parts of Diammonium phosphate (DAP), 7 parts of sodium selenite, 7 parts of calcium superphosphate
With 4 parts of borax.
Wherein, the step（8）Also include pinching, dredge strain, draws climing and the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control.
Embodiment 3
A kind of greenhouse high-yield cultivation method of sponge gourd, comprises the following steps：
（1）, soil improvement
Selection is on the sunny side, fertile soil property, moistening, irrigation and drainage are convenient and pH value for 6.2 loam as planting site, turn over 35cm, exposure 6
After it, every mu of application 110kg soil conditioner turns over 20cm again, sprinkles water to soil and drenches completely after raking, then in plantation
One layer of wheat stalk is covered on the ground；
（2）, build greenhouse
The greenhouse of south-north direction is built on planting site, greenhouse width is 9m, and length is 32m, sets sponge gourd to climb in greenhouse
Frame, greenhouse is covered with film, and sets ventilation unit and temperature and humidity control device；
（3）, seed selection and soak seed
Seed selection：Selection fruit-setting rate is high, disease resistance is strong, the kind of high temperature resistance, chooses the seed of wherein full grains；
Pretreatment：Seed is put into 60 DEG C of clear water and soaks 3.5h, the mucus for removing surface is washed by rubbing with the hands, then in 13kHz conditions
Under ultrasonically treated 7min, then spray the borax solution that mass concentration is 0.4% to the surface of the seed, be then placed on temperature for 1 DEG C
Environment in low-temperature treatment 25min；
Seed soaking：Seed is taken out, is put into seed-soaking liquid and soaks 4min, is pulled out, it is standby；
（4）, vernalization
By step（3）Obtained seed is placed in germinating box, and germinating box temperature control is 25 DEG C, is stirred daily 9 times；
（5）, Dressing
When more than 70% seed shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally in germinating box, take out, puncture epidermis in the one end of seed away from plumule using fine needle, then
Using seed dressing to seed Dressing, seed of dressing seed is obtained, prepares sowing；
（6）, seeding and seedling raising
Prepare seedlings nursing plate in greenhouse, in seedlings nursing plate laying depth be 6cm matrix, with soya bean slurry solution splash matrix to profit
Wet depth is 3cm, and then seed dressing seed point is sown into after seedlings nursing plate, germination, seedling is obtained, when seedling age reaches 55 days, 3 leaves
During 1 heart, ventilation hardening 2 days prepares field planting；
（7）, field planting
The preceding wheat stalk lighted on planting site for 4 days of field planting, turns over 22cm again, ridging after raking, and the control of ridge face width degree is
1.3m, ridge is highly 40cm；
By step（6）Seedling replanting enter planting site, per ridge be colonized 2 rows, spacing in the rows control be 35cm, pour permeable after field planting；
（8）, field management
Rich water quality management：Water once within every 4 days after field planting, water temperature control is 15 DEG C；Every 17 days every mu of organic fertilizers after field planting
350kg；
Weeding：Every 11 days tillage and weedings, weeding depth was 7cm, and the weeding time is at 5 points in afternoon；
Greenhouse is managed：Before sponge gourd stage of development and maturation, canopy temperature remains 23 DEG C, and divulge information 2.5h daily；
（9）, harvesting.
Wherein, the step（1）Soil conditioner include following part count raw material：50 parts of quick lime, paulownia sawdust 35
Part, 25 parts of castor leaf powder, 15 parts of vinasse, 10 parts of biogas residue, 6 parts of potassium hydrogen phosphate, 6 parts of ferrous sulfate, 3 parts of zinc sulfate and 2 parts of boric acid.
Wherein, the step（3）Middle variety of luffa is that Shanghai is fragrant.
Wherein, the step（3）In seed-soaking liquid include following part count raw material：16 parts of borax, 11 parts of propane diols, nitric acid
55 parts of 10 parts of potassium, 6 parts of magnesium sulfate, 5 parts of nickel sulfate, 2 parts of potassium permanganate and water, aforementioned base materials are well mixed, and the leaching is made
Plant liquid.
Wherein, the step（5）Seed dressing include following part count raw material：25 parts of cornstarch, 21 parts of plant ash, receive
33 parts of 11 parts of rice selenium powder agent, 11 parts of sodium selenite, 6 parts of zinc sulfate and water, each described raw material is mixed, is uniformly dispersed, obtains
Seed dressing.
Wherein, the step（6）Seedlings nursing plate be 50 holes, the matrix include following part count raw material：42 parts of garden mould,
25 parts of 17 parts of corncob, 11 parts of mushroom slag, 3.5 parts of carbendazim, 3.5 parts of azedarach powder, 2.5 parts of kuh-seng powder and water.
Wherein, the step（6）Also include seedling management：3.5% calcium chloride solution of sprinkling in every 3 days after coming up
With isometric mixed solution of 4.5% brown sugar solution, canopy temperature remains 24 DEG C, and it is 37% to keep matrix wettability.
Wherein, the step（8）Organic fertilizer includes the raw material that following part is counted：47 parts of plant ash, 37 parts of biogas residue, urea 27
Part, 12 parts of humic acid, 12 parts of nanometer selenium pulvis, 9 parts of animal wastes, 6 parts of Diammonium phosphate (DAP), 6 parts of sodium selenite, 6 parts of calcium superphosphate
With 3 parts of borax.
Wherein, the step（8）Also include pinching, dredge strain, draws climing and the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control.
The present invention is described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, for those skilled in the art, its according to
The technical scheme described in foregoing embodiments can so be modified, or which part technical characteristic is equally replaced
Change.Within the spirit and principles of the invention, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements made etc., should be included in the present invention
Protection domain within.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of greenhouse high-yield cultivation method of sponge gourd, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
（1）, soil improvement
Selection is on the sunny side, fertile soil property, moistening, irrigation and drainage are convenient and pH value for 5.8 ~ 6.8 loam or clay loam as planting site, turn over
Plough after 25 ~ 45cm, exposure 5 ~ 7 days, every mu of application 100 ~ 120kg soil conditioner is turned over 15 ~ 25cm, sprinkled water after raking again
Drenched completely to soil, one layer of wheat stalk is then covered on planting site；
（2）, build greenhouse
The greenhouse of south-north direction is built on planting site, greenhouse width is 8 ~ 10m, and length is 30 ~ 35m, and silk is set in greenhouse
Melon climbing frame, greenhouse is covered with film, and sets ventilation unit and temperature and humidity control device；
（3）, seed selection and soak seed
Seed selection：Selection fruit-setting rate is high, disease resistance is strong, the kind of high temperature resistance, chooses the seed of wherein full grains；
Pretreatment：Seed is put into 55 ~ 65 DEG C of clear water 3 ~ 4h of immersion, the mucus for removing surface is washed by rubbing with the hands, then 10 ~
Ultrasonically treated 5 ~ 10min under the conditions of 16kHz, then sprays the borax solution that mass concentration is 0.3 ~ 0.42% to the surface of the seed,
Then it is placed on 20 ~ 30min of low-temperature treatment in the environment that temperature is 0 ~ 3 DEG C；
Seed soaking：Seed is taken out, 3 ~ 6min of immersion in seed-soaking liquid is put into, pulls out, it is standby；
（4）, vernalization
By step（3）Obtained seed is placed in germinating box, and germinating box temperature control is 24~26 DEG C, is stirred daily 8 ~ 10 times；
（5）, Dressing
When more than 70% seed shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally in germinating box, take out, puncture epidermis in the one end of seed away from plumule using fine needle, then
Using seed dressing to seed Dressing, seed of dressing seed is obtained, prepares sowing；
（6）, seeding and seedling raising
Prepare seedlings nursing plate in greenhouse, laying depth is 5 ~ 8cm matrix in seedlings nursing plate, matrix is splashed extremely with soya bean slurry solution
Wetting depth is 2 ~ 3cm, and then seed dressing seed point is sown into after seedlings nursing plate, germination, seedling is obtained, 50 are reached when seedling age ~
60 days, 31 heart of leaf when, ventilation hardening 2 ~ 3 days prepares field planting；
（7）, field planting
The preceding wheat stalk lighted on planting site for 3 ~ 5 days of field planting, turns over 20 ~ 25cm again, ridging after raking, the control of ridge face width degree
For 1.2 ~ 1.5m, ridge is highly 35 ~ 45cm；
By step（6）Seedling replanting enter planting site, per ridge be colonized 2 rows, spacing in the rows control be 30 ~ 40cm, pour permeable after field planting；
（8）, field management
Rich water quality management：Water once within every 3 ~ 5 days after field planting, water temperature control is 10 ~ 20 DEG C；After field planting every 15 ~ 20 days every mu applied
300 ~ 400kg of machine fertilizer；
Weeding：Every 10 ~ 12 days tillage and weedings, weeding depth was 5 ~ 10cm, and the weeding time is afternoon 4 ~ 6 point；
Greenhouse is managed：Before sponge gourd stage of development and maturation, canopy temperature remains 20 ~ 26 DEG C, and divulge information 2 ~ 3h daily；
（9）, harvesting.
2. the greenhouse high-yield cultivation method of sponge gourd according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the step（1）Soil
Modifying agent includes the raw material that following part is counted：45 ~ 55 parts of quick lime, 34 ~ 36 parts of paulownia sawdust, 24 ~ 26 parts of castor leaf powder, vinasse 14
1 ~ 3 part of ~ 16 parts, 9 ~ 11 parts of biogas residue, 5 ~ 7 parts of potassium hydrogen phosphate, 5 ~ 7 parts of ferrous sulfate, 2 ~ 4 parts of zinc sulfate and boric acid.
3. the greenhouse high-yield cultivation method of sponge gourd according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the step（3）Middle sponge gourd
Kind is the one or more in Jiangshu No.1, five leaves perfume and Shanghai perfume.
4. the greenhouse high-yield cultivation method of sponge gourd according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the step（3）In leaching
Planting liquid includes the raw material that following part is counted：15 ~ 17 parts of borax, 10 ~ 12 parts of propane diols, 9 ~ 11 parts of potassium nitrate, 5 ~ 7 parts of magnesium sulfate, sulphur
54 ~ 57 parts of sour 4 ~ 6 parts of nickel, 2 ~ 4 parts of potassium permanganate and water, aforementioned base materials are well mixed, and the seed-soaking liquid is made.
5. the greenhouse high-yield cultivation method of sponge gourd according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the step（5）Seed dressing
Agent includes the raw material that following part is counted：24 ~ 26 parts of cornstarch, 20 ~ 22 parts of plant ash, 10 ~ 12 parts of nanometer selenium pulvis, sodium selenite
30 ~ 35 parts of 10 ~ 12 parts, 5 ~ 7 parts of zinc sulfate and water, each described raw material is mixed, is uniformly dispersed, obtains seed dressing.
6. the greenhouse high-yield cultivation method of sponge gourd according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the step（6）Nursery
Disk is 50 holes or 30 holes, and the matrix includes the raw material that following part is counted：40 ~ 45 parts of garden mould, 15 ~ 20 parts of corncob, mushroom slag
24 ~ 26 parts of 10 ~ 12 parts, 3 ~ 4 parts of carbendazim, 3 ~ 4 parts of azedarach powder, 2 ~ 3 parts of kuh-seng powder and water.
7. the greenhouse high-yield cultivation method of sponge gourd according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the step（6）Also include
Seedling management：The mixing in equal volume of every 3 ~ 4 days 3.5% calcium chloride solutions of sprinkling and 4.5% brown sugar solution is molten after coming up
Liquid, canopy temperature remains 22 ~ 27 DEG C, and it is 35 ~ 40% to keep matrix wettability.
8. the greenhouse high-yield cultivation method of sponge gourd according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the step（8）Organic fertilizer
The raw material counted including following part：45 ~ 50 parts of plant ash, 35 ~ 40 parts of biogas residue, 25 ~ 30 parts of urea, 10 ~ 15 parts of humic acid, nanometer selenium
10 ~ 15 parts of pulvis, 8 ~ 10 parts of animal wastes, 5 ~ 7 parts of Diammonium phosphate (DAP), 5 ~ 7 parts of sodium selenite, 5 ~ 7 parts of calcium superphosphate and borax 2 ~ 4
Part.
9. the greenhouse high-yield cultivation method of sponge gourd according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the step（8）Also include
Pinch, dredge strain, draws climing and the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108967067A (en) * | 2018-06-19 | 2018-12-11 | 钟山佳园生态农业有限公司 | A kind of sponge gourd organic cultivation method |
| CN110663469A (en) * | 2019-11-20 | 2020-01-10 | 汨罗市智景供销专业合作社联合社 | Planting method of watermelons |
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| CN102884931A (en) * | 2012-10-29 | 2013-01-23 | 金陵科技学院 | High-density long-season cultivation method of towel gourd |
| CN103798020A (en) * | 2014-01-21 | 2014-05-21 | 和县常久农业发展有限公司 | Planting method of towel gourds |
| CN105453952A (en) * | 2015-12-30 | 2016-04-06 | 防城港市那旺生态农业科技有限公司 | Greenhouse planting method of luffa |
| CN106550753A (en) * | 2016-11-11 | 2017-04-05 | 凤台县牧碧农业发展有限公司 | A kind of high yield of loofah implantation methods |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102884931A (en) * | 2012-10-29 | 2013-01-23 | 金陵科技学院 | High-density long-season cultivation method of towel gourd |
| CN103798020A (en) * | 2014-01-21 | 2014-05-21 | 和县常久农业发展有限公司 | Planting method of towel gourds |
| CN105453952A (en) * | 2015-12-30 | 2016-04-06 | 防城港市那旺生态农业科技有限公司 | Greenhouse planting method of luffa |
| CN106550753A (en) * | 2016-11-11 | 2017-04-05 | 凤台县牧碧农业发展有限公司 | A kind of high yield of loofah implantation methods |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108967067A (en) * | 2018-06-19 | 2018-12-11 | 钟山佳园生态农业有限公司 | A kind of sponge gourd organic cultivation method |
| CN110663469A (en) * | 2019-11-20 | 2020-01-10 | 汨罗市智景供销专业合作社联合社 | Planting method of watermelons |
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