CN103340039A - Production method of greenhouse pollution-free chayote - Google Patents
Production method of greenhouse pollution-free chayote Download PDFInfo
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- CN103340039A CN103340039A CN 201310210215 CN201310210215A CN103340039A CN 103340039 A CN103340039 A CN 103340039A CN 201310210215 CN201310210215 CN 201310210215 CN 201310210215 A CN201310210215 A CN 201310210215A CN 103340039 A CN103340039 A CN 103340039A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a production method of greenhouse pollution-free chayote which is obtained through selecting environment of production places and species, growing seedlings, treating seeds, sowing, performing seedling management, performing field planting, managing after the field planting, controlling pests and diseases, comprehensively managing, and cultivating. During field planting, fertilizers comprise not only short-acting fertilizers and macronutrient fertilizers such as urea and the like, thereby being quick in effects, but also slow-release fertilizers containing a plurality of trace elements and medium-amount elements which are released step by step and cooperate with the macronutrient fertilizers, thereby playing roles of supplementing nutrition for the chayote at any time. The method is reasonable in formula design, and the urea and ammonium phosphate are mainly used during topdressing, so that growth of the chayote can be promoted and output can be increased.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of cultivation method of chocho, be specifically related to the production method of the nuisanceless chocho of a kind of booth.
Background technology
Nuisanceless chocho cultivation refers to select good grown place in chocho plantation production process, the technology and the control measures that adopt control agricultural chemicals, chemical fertilizer to use, make persticide residue in the chocho, nitrate content and other harmful substance contents meet the production of state-set standard, can effectively improve the project district by this pattern construction and get agricultural pollution, thereby stop it to the pollution of water quality.
Summary of the invention
In order to alleviate the deficiencies in the prior art and defective, the object of the present invention is to provide the production method of the nuisanceless chocho of a kind of booth, cultivation method of the present invention is simple, cost is low, is easy to promote the chocho natural green health that cultivation obtains, the nutrient component height has also reduced pollution to environment simultaneously.
The present invention adopts following technical scheme to achieve these goals:
The production method of the nuisanceless chocho of booth may further comprise the steps:
(1), select home environment and kind: select traffic convenience, underground heat is high and dry, irrigation and drainage are convenient, soil layer is deep, loose ventilative, plot that soil fertility is fertile, select disease-resistant, cold-resistant, low temperature resistant, output is high, commercial good chocho kind;
(2), grow seedlings: selecting rural area soil, municipal sludge, calcining loess and silkworm excrement for use is host material, the three is the 3.5-4.5:1:1:1 preparation by volume, adding water and controlling water content is 55%-68%, adds 50% carbendazol wettable powder 0.3-0.4 kilogram simultaneously;
(3) seed treatment: with the 1-1.5h that soaks seed under the 15-20% sodium bicarbonate aqueous solution normal temperature, after pulling out, clean with clear water and to treat vernalization, press direct sowing the in 0.2-0.4% seed dressing back of seed weight then with 25% metalaxyl wetting powder;
(4) sowing: generally sow in mid or late Febuary, step (3) seeds treated is sowed in the hole dish of matrix is housed, sowing depth 3-5 millimeter, broadcast the back and cover thimerosal, described thimerosal prescription is element 1.0-2.0 part, copper chloride 0.5-0.7 part, 10-20% hydrogen peroxide 1.0-2.0 part and vinegar 0.5-1.0 part, and dilute with water 100-150 sprays after doubly on the matrix in the dish of hole;
(5) seedling management:
A, temperature: before emerging, day temperature remains on 25～30 ℃, and nocturnal temperature remains on more than 20 ℃, after coming up, daytime temperature remains on 25～28 ℃, and nocturnal temperature remains on 18～22 ℃, after seedling all sprouts, strengthen, lengthen illumination and ventilation time, cultivate strong sprout;
B, moisture: be advisable to water before midday, overcast and rainy sunshine deficiency, the humidity height should not water, timely moisturizing is wanted in the cave dish at edge, seedbed or the easy dehydration of seedling of cave plate edge;
(6), field planting: the field planting time is generally in the early March field planting, 10-20 days vexed canopies of scaffolding button film before the field planting, execute 30～50 kilograms of brown coal 25-30kg, superphosphate 20-25kg, potassium sulphate 9-11kg, calcium bicarbonate 10-15kg, wheat bran 50-60kg, multielement slow-release fertilizer 10-20kg, iron ore slag 15-20kg and Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium for every mu, plough deeply, do wide 2.0-2.5 rice, high 18～25 centimetres cultivating bed, reserve wide 40-50 centimetre operation ditch between furrow;
Described multielement slow-release fertilizer prepares by the following method:
Take by weighing the raw material of following weight portion: kaolin 80-85, nano-carbon powder 0.1-0.2, grape vine powder 12-14, oil foot 4-6, sodium metasilicate 2-3, silane coupler KH550 2-3, ferrous sulfate 1-2, sodium selenite 1-2, ammonium molybdate 2-3, zinc sulphate 1-2, brown sugar 1-2, urea 5-6, copper sulphate 1-2, potassium chloride 1-2, clay 5-8, with ferrous sulfate, sodium selenite, ammonium molybdate, zinc sulphate, brown sugar, urea, copper sulphate, potassium chloride, clay is added to the water dissolving, stir into mud, be heated to 80-90 ℃ again, add the sodium metasilicate dissolving, add kaolin again, nano-carbon powder, the grape vine powder, oil foot stirs the mud shape, add the silane coupler pugging at last, granulation, oven dry namely.
(7) manage after the field planting: stuffy in 6-8 days after the field planting, day temperature remains on 22～32 ℃, nocturnal temperature remains on more than 15 ℃, begins to ventilate behind the slow seedling, when outside air temperature has been stabilized in more than 15 ℃, can ventilate round the clock, later stage is further strengthened ventilation, canopy film around the arch shelter can be rolled, and keeps top canopy film, it is rainproof to shelter from heat or light, and can cover the cooling of wheat straw or straw in the ranks;
Rich water quality management: watered water one time in every 5-6 days, water water the every 2-3 days full bearing period one time, respectively chases after disposable fertilizer after bearing fruit, and general each every mu imposes urea 20-30kg, wheat bran 15-25kg and ammonium phosphate 8-10kg, but the full bearing period foliage-spray 0.4-0.6% urea liquid.
(8), the control of damage by disease and insect: hang insects such as yellow insect-sticking plate trapping aleyrodid, aphid, liriomyza bryoniae in the canopy, specification is 30 centimetres of 25 cm x, puts the 35-40 piece for every mu, and also hangs with silver grey film bar around booth, and bar is wide 15 centimetres, spacing 15-20 centimetre.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
Cultivation method of the present invention is simple, and cost is low, be easy to promote, and the chocho natural green health that cultivation obtains, the nutrient component height has also reduced pollution to environment simultaneously.Adopt borax to mix with copper chloride when the present invention sows, as sterilization, increased trace element on the one hand, play the sterilizing effect on the other hand, during field planting of the present invention, fertilising, existing fugitive fertilizer, macroelement is fertile as urea etc., quick-acting effects, slow-release fertilizer is also arranged, wherein contain multiple trace, moderate-element, substep discharges, cooperate with macroelement is fertile, play the effect that replenishes chocho nutrition at any time, it is reasonable in design to fill a prescription, based on urea and phosphorus ammonium, promote the growth of chocho when topdressing.Improve output.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1:The production method of the nuisanceless chocho of booth may further comprise the steps:
(1), select home environment and kind: select traffic convenience, underground heat is high and dry, irrigation and drainage are convenient, soil layer is deep, loose ventilative, plot that soil fertility is fertile, select disease-resistant, cold-resistant, low temperature resistant, output is high, commercial good chocho kind;
(2), grow seedlings: selecting rural area soil, municipal sludge, calcining loess and silkworm excrement for use is host material, and the three is the 4:1:1:1 preparation by volume, and adding water and controlling water content is 55%-68%, adds 0.35 kilogram of 50% carbendazol wettable powder simultaneously;
(3) seed treatment: with the 1-1.5h that soaks seed under the 18% sodium bicarbonate aqueous solution normal temperature, after pulling out, clean with clear water and to treat vernalization, then with 25% metalaxyl wetting powder press seed weight 0.3% the seed dressing back is direct sows;
(4) sowing: generally sow in mid or late Febuary, step (3) seeds treated is sowed in the hole dish of matrix is housed, sowing depth 3-5 millimeter, broadcast the back and cover thimerosal, described thimerosal prescription is 0.8 jin of 1.5 jin of elements, 0.6 jin of copper chloride, 1.5 jin of 15% hydrogen peroxide and vinegar, sprays behind 150 times of the dilute with waters on the matrix in the dish of hole;
(5) seedling management:
A, temperature: before emerging, day temperature remains on 25～30 ℃, and nocturnal temperature remains on more than 20 ℃, after coming up, daytime temperature remains on 25～28 ℃, and nocturnal temperature remains on 18～22 ℃, after seedling all sprouts, strengthen, lengthen illumination and ventilation time, cultivate strong sprout;
B, moisture: be advisable to water before midday, overcast and rainy sunshine deficiency, the humidity height should not water, timely moisturizing is wanted in the cave dish at edge, seedbed or the easy dehydration of seedling of cave plate edge;
(6), field planting: the field planting time is generally in the early March field planting, 10-20 days vexed canopies of scaffolding button film before the field planting, execute 30～50 kilograms of brown coal 25-30kg, superphosphate 20-25kg, potassium sulphate 9-11kg, calcium bicarbonate 10-15kg, wheat bran 50-60kg, multielement slow-release fertilizer 10-20kg, iron ore slag 15-20kg and Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium for every mu, plough deeply, do wide 2.0-2.5 rice, high 18～25 centimetres cultivating bed, reserve wide 40-50 centimetre operation ditch between furrow;
Described multielement slow-release fertilizer prepares by the following method:
Take by weighing the raw material of following weight portion (kilogram): kaolin 80, nano-carbon powder 00.2, grape vine powder 12, oil foot 6, sodium metasilicate 2, silane coupler KH550 3, ferrous sulfate 1, sodium selenite 2, ammonium molybdate 2, zinc sulphate 1, brown sugar 2, urea 6, copper sulphate 1, potassium chloride 1, clay 8, with ferrous sulfate, sodium selenite, ammonium molybdate, zinc sulphate, brown sugar, urea, copper sulphate, potassium chloride, clay is added to the water dissolving, stir into mud, be heated to 80-90 ℃ again, add the sodium metasilicate dissolving, add kaolin again, nano-carbon powder, the grape vine powder, oil foot stirs the mud shape, add the silane coupler pugging at last, granulation, oven dry namely.
(7) manage after the field planting: stuffy in 6-8 days after the field planting, day temperature remains on 22～32 ℃, nocturnal temperature remains on more than 15 ℃, begins to ventilate behind the slow seedling, when outside air temperature has been stabilized in more than 15 ℃, can ventilate round the clock, later stage is further strengthened ventilation, canopy film around the arch shelter can be rolled, and keeps top canopy film, it is rainproof to shelter from heat or light, and can cover the cooling of wheat straw or straw in the ranks;
Rich water quality management: watered one time water in every 5-6 days, water one time water the every 2-3 days full bearing period, respectively chase after disposable fertilizer after bearing fruit, general each every mu imposes urea 20-30kg, cellulose 10-20kg, wheat bran 15-25kg and ammonium phosphate 8-10kg, but the full bearing period foliage-spray 0.4-0.6% urea liquid.
(8), the control of damage by disease and insect: hang insects such as yellow insect-sticking plate trapping aleyrodid, aphid, liriomyza bryoniae in the canopy, specification is 30 centimetres of 25 cm x, puts the 35-40 piece for every mu, and also hangs with silver grey film bar around booth, and bar is wide 15 centimetres, spacing 15-20 centimetre.
During field planting of the present invention, fertilising, existing fugitive fertilizer, macroelement is fertile as urea etc., quick-acting effects also have slow-release fertilizer, wherein contain multiple trace, moderate-element, substep discharges, cooperate with macroelement is fertile, play the effect that replenishes chocho nutrition at any time, it is reasonable in design to fill a prescription, based on urea and phosphorus ammonium, promote the growth of chocho when topdressing.Improve output.
Plantation output and the extermination of disease and insect pest effect of the nuisanceless chocho of booth are as follows
| ? | Target level of product quality | Output | The damage by disease and insect incidence |
| The present invention's plantation | A level pollution-free food | 8000-9000 kilogram/mu | 1．8% |
| General planting | Nuisanceless | 5000-6000 kilogram/mu | 6.5% |
Claims (2)
1. the production method of the nuisanceless chocho of booth is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
(1), select home environment and kind: select traffic convenience, underground heat is high and dry, irrigation and drainage are convenient, soil layer is deep, loose ventilative, plot that soil fertility is fertile, select disease-resistant, cold-resistant, low temperature resistant, output is high, commercial good chocho kind;
(2), grow seedlings: selecting rural area soil, municipal sludge, calcining loess and silkworm excrement for use is host material, the three is the 3.5-4.5:1:1:1 preparation by volume, adding water and controlling water content is 55%-68%, adds 50% carbendazol wettable powder 0.3-0.4 kilogram simultaneously;
(3) seed treatment: with the 1-1.5h that soaks seed under the 15-20% sodium bicarbonate aqueous solution normal temperature, after pulling out, clean with clear water and to treat vernalization, press direct sowing the in 0.2-0.4% seed dressing back of seed weight then with 25% metalaxyl wetting powder;
(4) sowing: generally sow in mid or late Febuary, step (3) seeds treated is sowed in the hole dish of matrix is housed, sowing depth 3-5 millimeter, broadcast the back and cover thimerosal, described thimerosal prescription is borax 1.0-2.0 part, copper chloride 0.5-0.7 part, 10-20% hydrogen peroxide 1.0-2.0 part and vinegar 0.5-1.0 part, and dilute with water 100-150 sprays after doubly on the matrix in the dish of hole;
(5) seedling management:
A, temperature: before emerging, day temperature remains on 25～30 ℃, and nocturnal temperature remains on more than 20 ℃, after coming up, daytime temperature remains on 25～28 ℃, and nocturnal temperature remains on 18～22 ℃, after seedling all sprouts, strengthen, lengthen illumination and ventilation time, cultivate strong sprout;
B, moisture: be advisable to water before midday, overcast and rainy sunshine deficiency, the humidity height should not water, timely moisturizing is wanted in the cave dish at edge, seedbed or the easy dehydration of seedling of cave plate edge;
(6), field planting: the field planting time is generally in the early March field planting, 10-20 days vexed canopies of scaffolding button film before the field planting, execute 30～50 kilograms of brown coal 25-30kg, superphosphate 20-25kg, potassium sulphate 9-11kg, calcium bicarbonate 10-15kg, wheat bran 50-60kg, multielement slow-release fertilizer 10-20kg, iron ore slag 15-20kg and Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium for every mu, plough deeply, do wide 2.0-2.5 rice, high 18～25 centimetres cultivating bed, reserve wide 40-50 centimetre operation ditch between furrow;
(7) manage after the field planting: stuffy in 6-8 days after the field planting, day temperature remains on 22～32 ℃, nocturnal temperature remains on more than 15 ℃, begins to ventilate behind the slow seedling, when outside air temperature has been stabilized in more than 15 ℃, can ventilate round the clock, later stage is further strengthened ventilation, canopy film around the arch shelter can be rolled, and keeps top canopy film, it is rainproof to shelter from heat or light, and can cover the cooling of wheat straw or straw in the ranks;
Rich water quality management: watered water one time in every 5-6 days, water water the every 2-3 days full bearing period one time, respectively chases after disposable fertilizer after bearing fruit, and general each every mu imposes urea 20-30kg, wheat bran 15-25kg and ammonium phosphate 8-10kg, but the full bearing period foliage-spray 0.4-0.6% urea liquid;
(8), the control of damage by disease and insect: hang insects such as yellow insect-sticking plate trapping aleyrodid, aphid, liriomyza bryoniae in the canopy, specification is 30 centimetres of 25 cm x, puts the 35-40 piece for every mu, and also hangs with silver grey film bar around booth, and bar is wide 15 centimetres, spacing 15-20 centimetre.
2. according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described multielement slow-release fertilizer prepares by the following method:
Take by weighing the raw material of following weight portion: kaolin 80-85, nano-carbon powder 0.1-0.2, grape vine powder 12-14, oil foot 4-6, sodium metasilicate 2-3, silane coupler KH550 2-3, ferrous sulfate 1-2, sodium selenite 1-2, ammonium molybdate 2-3, zinc sulphate 1-2, brown sugar 1-2, urea 5-6, copper sulphate 1-2, potassium chloride 1-2, clay 5-8, with ferrous sulfate, sodium selenite, ammonium molybdate, zinc sulphate, brown sugar, urea, copper sulphate, potassium chloride, clay is added to the water dissolving, stir into mud, be heated to 80-90 ℃ again, add the sodium metasilicate dissolving, add kaolin again, nano-carbon powder, the grape vine powder, oil foot stirs the mud shape, add the silane coupler pugging at last, granulation, oven dry namely.
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| CN 201310210215 CN103340039A (en) | 2013-05-31 | 2013-05-31 | Production method of greenhouse pollution-free chayote |
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104025887A (en) * | 2014-06-27 | 2014-09-10 | 太仓市惠其农机专业合作社 | Method of cultivating fingered citron in winter |
| CN104838768A (en) * | 2015-05-20 | 2015-08-19 | 韩传起 | Cucumber seed processing method |
| CN104885761A (en) * | 2015-06-08 | 2015-09-09 | 象州县科学技术情报研究所 | Cultivation method of conservation rock-desertification area sechium edule |
| CN104885857A (en) * | 2015-06-08 | 2015-09-09 | 象州县科学技术情报研究所 | Method for cultivating chayote in Karst rocky desertification mountainous regions |
| CN105993483A (en) * | 2016-05-25 | 2016-10-12 | 象州县科学技术局 | Organic planting method for Sechium edule |
| CN106818150A (en) * | 2017-01-13 | 2017-06-13 | 和县绿源蔬菜种植有限责任公司 | A kind of implantation methods of pollution-free chayote |
| CN106818472A (en) * | 2017-01-13 | 2017-06-13 | 和县绿源蔬菜种植有限责任公司 | A kind of utilization callus from stem segment cultivates the propagation method of chocho |
| CN106818148A (en) * | 2017-01-13 | 2017-06-13 | 和县聂兴圩蔬菜种植有限责任公司 | A kind of plantation breeding method of chocho |
| CN108293693A (en) * | 2017-09-13 | 2018-07-20 | 佛山市三水区嘉信农业技术研究院（普通合伙） | A kind of selenium-rich Xinfeng chocho implantation methods |
| CN111602589A (en) * | 2020-06-16 | 2020-09-01 | 四川省农业科学院经济作物育种栽培研究所 | Soilless moisture-retention weed-prevention breeding method for fingered citron seedlings |
-
2013
- 2013-05-31 CN CN 201310210215 patent/CN103340039A/en active Pending
Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104025887A (en) * | 2014-06-27 | 2014-09-10 | 太仓市惠其农机专业合作社 | Method of cultivating fingered citron in winter |
| CN104838768A (en) * | 2015-05-20 | 2015-08-19 | 韩传起 | Cucumber seed processing method |
| CN104885761A (en) * | 2015-06-08 | 2015-09-09 | 象州县科学技术情报研究所 | Cultivation method of conservation rock-desertification area sechium edule |
| CN104885857A (en) * | 2015-06-08 | 2015-09-09 | 象州县科学技术情报研究所 | Method for cultivating chayote in Karst rocky desertification mountainous regions |
| CN105993483A (en) * | 2016-05-25 | 2016-10-12 | 象州县科学技术局 | Organic planting method for Sechium edule |
| CN106818150A (en) * | 2017-01-13 | 2017-06-13 | 和县绿源蔬菜种植有限责任公司 | A kind of implantation methods of pollution-free chayote |
| CN106818472A (en) * | 2017-01-13 | 2017-06-13 | 和县绿源蔬菜种植有限责任公司 | A kind of utilization callus from stem segment cultivates the propagation method of chocho |
| CN106818148A (en) * | 2017-01-13 | 2017-06-13 | 和县聂兴圩蔬菜种植有限责任公司 | A kind of plantation breeding method of chocho |
| CN108293693A (en) * | 2017-09-13 | 2018-07-20 | 佛山市三水区嘉信农业技术研究院（普通合伙） | A kind of selenium-rich Xinfeng chocho implantation methods |
| CN111602589A (en) * | 2020-06-16 | 2020-09-01 | 四川省农业科学院经济作物育种栽培研究所 | Soilless moisture-retention weed-prevention breeding method for fingered citron seedlings |
| CN111602589B (en) * | 2020-06-16 | 2021-12-17 | 四川省农业科学院经济作物育种栽培研究所 | Soilless moisture-retention weed-prevention breeding method for fingered citron seedlings |
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Application publication date: 20131009 |