CN102884931B

CN102884931B - High-density long-season cultivation method of towel gourd

Info

Publication number: CN102884931B
Application number: CN201210420083.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 朱士农; 崔群香; 张爱慧
Original assignee: Jinling Institute of Technology
Current assignee: Jinling Institute of Technology
Priority date: 2012-10-29
Filing date: 2012-10-29
Publication date: 2014-03-12
Anticipated expiration: 2032-10-29
Also published as: CN102884931A

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural cultivation, particularly relating to a high-density long-season cultivation method of towel gourd, which is suitable for cultivation in the middle and lower reaches of Yangtze river. The technical scheme adopted to solve the technical problem in the invention comprises the steps of growing seedlings, field planting, managing after field planting, hanging vines and adjusting plants, dropping vines, topping, scattering plants, leading vines, removing shed films, managing nutrient and water, preventing and curing plant diseases and insect pests and harvesting. Jiangshu No.1 towel gourd and five-leaf sweet towel gourd are selected and planted when the towel gourds have three leafs and one core; the cultivation density is as follows: the big row space is 70-80cm, the small row space is 40-45cm, the spacing in the rows is 40-50cm, and 2000-2500 plants are planted per unit of area. The main vine is kept while all of the side vines are removed; and the main vine is wrapped on a rope every 5-6 sections. When the growth point of the main vine is 20cm far away from a second film, the vine is timely dropped. When the main vine has 23-25 sections, two edge rows of a greenhouse are not topped while other rows are topped every two rows. Through the application of the cultivation method in production, the yield of the towel gourd can be improved and higher economic benefits can be obtained.

Description

A kind of sponge gourd high density long season cultivation method

Technical field

The invention belongs to agricultural planting technique field, be specifically related to a kind of sponge gourd high density long season cultivation method, be applicable to In Middle And Lower Reaches of Changjiang River cultivation.

Background technology

Sponge gourd (Luffa cylindrica Roem.) has another name called a day trailing plants, is annual herb plant.Originate from Tropical Asia, originating in Indonesia's (another theory think originate in India) is to be deeply subject to public a kind of quality vegetables of liking, and its tender melon can stir-fry and eat, cold and dressed with sauce, also can cook soup taste more delicious.Sponge gourd medical value is very high, and whole body can be used as medicine.The contained all kinds of nutrition of sponge gourd is higher in melon food, often eat sponge gourd have promote the production of body fluid to quench thirst, the magical effect of clearing heat and detoxicating, relieving cough and reducing sputum, diuresis, hemostasis.The juice of sponge gourd rattan has the specific function that keeps skin elasticity, is the good merchantable brand of face beauty and smoothing wrinkles, moist face.Sponge gourd after maturation, fiber is very flourishing, is called " luffa ", and the network that can clearing damp stimulates the menstrual flow that can be used as medicine, cures mainly sternal rib pain etc.

Along with growth in the living standard and people are to the nutrition of diet and healthy pay attention to day by day, high yield and high-quality have become the main target that the horticultural crops such as vegetables produce.The exploration of the high density long season culture technique of sponge gourd, both can meet consumers in general's demand, thereby can increase economic efficiency again, reduce production costs promotion increasing peasant income.

Summary of the invention

In order to improve sponge gourd economic benefit, improve sponge gourd output, reduce costs, the present invention's problem certainly that need to be situated between is to provide a kind of sponge gourd high density long season cultivation method.

Object of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions: grow seedlings, management after field planting, field planting, hang climing and plant adjust, fall climing, pinch, dredge strain, draw climing, to canopy film, rich water quality management and the extermination of disease and insect pest, gather.

The present invention is its beneficial effect compared with prior art: the application by the present invention on producing, can reduce costs, and improved sponge gourd planting density and sponge gourd output, obtain higher economic benefit.

Embodiment

1, grow seedlings: select Jiangshu No.1 sponge gourd, 2 kinds of the fragrant sponge gourd of five leaves, adopted cave dish seeding and seedling raising, 6-10 day field planting in March, seedling age 50-60 days (3 leaf 1 heart) January 4.

2, field planting: select fine day field planting in calm day, before field planting, mu is executed high-quality barnyard manure 1500kg, cake fertilizer 150kg ,45% composite fertilizer 40kg makes base manure.12 meters of span booths are made eight furrow, the wide 100cm of furrow, and spreading drips fills with pipe and mulch film, and every furrow are planted 2 row.Planting density: wide row space 70-80 centimetre, little line-spacing 40-45 centimetre, spacing in the rows 40-50 centimetre, plants 2000-2500 strain for every mu.

3, after field planting, manage: few leaking informaton in a week after field planting, daytime canopy temperature keep 25-30 ℃, evening 15-18 ℃, short early alive.After living, canopy temperature remains on 25-28 ℃ daytime, and evening is more than 12 ℃.After alive, with the loose stool water that becomes thoroughly decomposed, execute and once carry seed manure.

4, hang climing and plant adjustment: retain main climing all lateral bines of plucking, extract tendril and male flower simultaneously, reduce nutrient consumption.During main climing 30-40cm, hang in time climing.Concrete grammar is: below booth two road films, directly over every a line sponge gourd, draw an iron wire, the other packaging polypropylene rope that hangs of each strain, upper end is fixed on iron wire, and the long bamboo pole of a 20cm is fastened in lower end, and bamboo pole one end is being inserted in soil at a distance from plant root 10cm, fixing and packaging rope, sponge gourd master is climing to be wrapped on packing rope, every 5-6 joints, ties up once climing later.

5, fall climing: when main climing growing point Li Er road film 20cm, fall in time climing.Fall the climing afternoon that should select fine day (now towel gourd stem is soft, not frangibility), from going up most one, tie up and climingly carry out downwards successively.

6, pinch, dredge strain, draw climing, to canopy film: when main climing 23-25 joint, two limits of booth are capable does not pinch, and all the other interlacing are pinched.The sponge gourd of pinching is pulled out after gathering.According to plant strain growth situation, every strain, pull out growth plant later, guarantee that plant strain growth is mutually not airtight, have sunlight to be transmitted in booth.Along with plant strain growth, the plant of not pinching is guided on booth Nei Er road film frame.About May 20, throw off greenhouse film.

7, rich water quality management and the extermination of disease and insect pest: after the first female flower pollination is beared fruit, the every mu of urea 30kg that spreads manuer in holes, the 2--3 mu of later often the gathering urea 30kg that spreads manuer in holes.Water management is simultaneously caught up with.More will guarantee moisture ample supply the season of containing melon phase, high temperature and drought.According to sponge gourd plant strain growth situation, can spray the foliage fertilizer nutrient solutions such as potassium dihydrogen phosphate, improve commodity rate.Field planting the previous day before lifting, with tpn, viral A spraying.After field planting is lived, with 500 times of dilution waters of fenaminosulf are disposable, irrigate diseases prevention.In canopy, hang yellow plate trapping aphid.Attention control virus disease, downy mildew at ordinary times.

8, gather: spend latter 7-10 days, sugar-preserved gourd surface fine hair takes off, and while demonstrating product characteristics, can gather.

Claims

1. a sponge gourd high density long season cultivation method, is characterized in that consisting of following steps:

(1) grow seedlings: select Jiangshu No.1 sponge gourd, 2 kinds of the fragrant sponge gourd of five leaves, adopted cave dish seeding and seedling raising, 6-10 day field planting in March, seedling age 50-60 days, 3 leaf 1 hearts January 4;

(2) field planting: select fine day field planting in calm day, before field planting, mu is executed high-quality barnyard manure 1500kg, cake fertilizer 150kg ,45% composite fertilizer 40kg makes base manure, 12 meters of span booths are made eight furrow, the wide 100cm of furrow, spreading drips fills with pipe and mulch film, and every furrow are planted 2 row, planting density: wide row space 70-80 centimetre, little line-spacing 40-45 centimetre, spacing in the rows 40-50 centimetre, plants 2000-2500 strain for every mu;

(3) after field planting, manage: few leaking informaton in a week after field planting, daytime canopy temperature keep 25-30 ℃, evening 15-18 ℃, short early live, after living, canopy temperature remains on 25-28 ℃ daytime, evening is more than 12 ℃, executes and once carries seed manure after alive with the loose stool water that becomes thoroughly decomposed;

(4) hang climing and plant adjustment: retain main climing all lateral bines of plucking, extract tendril and male flower simultaneously, reduce nutrient consumption, during main climing 30-40cm, hang in time climing, concrete grammar is: below booth two road films, directly over every a line sponge gourd, draw an iron wire, each strain is other hangs a packaging polypropylene rope, and upper end is fixed on iron wire, the long bamboo pole of a 20cm is fastened in lower end, is inserting in soil at a distance from plant root 10cm bamboo pole one end, fixing and packaging rope, and sponge gourd master is climing to be wrapped on packing rope, every 5-6 joints, tie up once climing later;

(5) fall climing: when main climing growing point Li Er road film 20cm, fall in time climing, fall the climing afternoon that should select fine day, now towel gourd stem is soft, and frangibility is not tied up and climingly carried out downwards successively from going up most one;

(6) pinch, dredge strain, draw climing, to canopy film: when main climing 23-25 joint, two limits of booth are capable does not pinch, all the other interlacing are pinched, and the sponge gourd of pinching is pulled out after gathering, later according to plant strain growth situation, every strain, pull out growth plant, guarantee that plant strain growth is mutually not airtight, have sunlight to be transmitted in booth, along with plant strain growth, the plant of not pinching is guided on booth Nei Er road film frame, and 18-22 day in May is thrown off greenhouse film;

(7) rich water quality management and the extermination of disease and insect pest: after the first female flower pollination is beared fruit, the every mu of urea 30kg that spreads manuer in holes, the 2--3 mu of later often the gathering urea 30kg that spreads manuer in holes, water management is simultaneously caught up with, contain the melon phase, more will guarantee moisture ample supply the season of high temperature and drought, according to sponge gourd plant strain growth situation, can spray biphosphate potassium foliage fertilizer nutrient solution, improve commodity rate, field planting the previous day before lifting, with tpn, virus A spraying, after alive of field planting, with 500 times of dilution waters of fenaminosulf are disposable, irrigate diseases prevention, in canopy, hang yellow plate trapping aphid, attention control virus disease at ordinary times, downy mildew,

(8) gather: spend latter 7-10 days, sugar-preserved gourd surface fine hair takes off, and while demonstrating product characteristics, can gather.

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