CN111357579A

CN111357579A - Method for improving commodity of Hami melons in pruning mode

Info

Publication number: CN111357579A
Application number: CN202010150168.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 罗旭辉; 谢小莉; 刘勇; 郑美衍; 林建明
Original assignee: Guangze Fumin Vegetable Professional Cooperative
Current assignee: Guangze Fumin Vegetable Professional Cooperative
Priority date: 2020-03-06
Filing date: 2020-03-06
Publication date: 2020-07-03

Abstract

The invention relates to a planting mode of Hami melons, in particular to a method for improving commodity of Hami melons in a pruning mode. And (3) reserving three vines when the Hami melon vines are trimmed, reserving three vines and three fruits when the fruits grow to the size of eggs, removing the vines with crooked fruits, cracked fruits and weak growth after young fruits grow to the size of a fist, and reserving two vines and two fruits. The invention adopts two choices during pruning, namely three fruits are reserved from three vines to two fruits from two vines, after one more choice, the commodity of melons is better, and the fruits are askew and inferior, thereby improving the quality and the yield.

Description

Method for improving commodity of Hami melons in pruning mode

Technical Field

The invention relates to a planting mode of Hami melons, in particular to a method for improving commodity of Hami melons in a pruning mode.

Background

The area for planting the Hami melons in the south is larger and larger along with the large-area popularization of planting technology and greenhouse cultivation in Xinjiang Hami melons in the original place of Hami melons.

The hami melons have thick leaves and thick stems, the cultivation density is relatively low, the cultivation mode comprises ground climbing type cultivation and vertical frame type cultivation, and the pruning mode commonly adopted in the production of the hami melons mainly comprises single-vine pruning and double-vine pruning.

Pruning the single vine, namely late pinching the main vine (27-30 leaf pinching), and removing lateral buds at the base part of the main vine. And selecting 12-15 sections of seed vines in spring, reserving 2 leaves after female flowers, and picking off the stems as early as possible.

Pruning the double vines, namely pinching when the seedlings grow to 3-4 true leaves, selecting and reserving two strong sub vines, and completely removing the rest sub vines. In spring, 11-13 sections of the grandma is selected and the melons are left, and 2 leaves are left behind female flowers and are picked early.

The Hami melon is pollinated by manual auxiliary pollination, preferably in the spring at 7-10 am, male flowers of the same variety and different plants which are opened in the day are selected, petals are broken off, and stamens are evenly and lightly smeared on female flower stigmas. When the fruits grow to the size of eggs, comprehensively judging and reserving one of the upright and robust young melons according to the growth vigor and the development condition of each fruit, removing the rest, and usually topping at 28-30 nodes. Generally, one melon is retained in a single vine, and two melons are retained in two vines.

In the prior art, the influence of the number of the vines and fruits left in a single plant on the leaf area expansion and the fruit yield and quality of the Hami melon is researched. The results show that the single vine 1 has large plant fruit, thick flesh and low yield; the plant of the single vine 2 fruits is small in fruit and thin in meat, the yield is higher than that of the single vine 1 fruits, and the pruning workload is lower than that of the double vine 2 fruits; the plant yield of the double-vine 2 fruits is the highest, the fruits are larger than the single-vine 2 fruits, but the pruning workload is the largest. In actual production, a pruning mode of reserving two fruits through double vines is mainly adopted, but the method is poor in the marketability and has more crooked fruits and inferior fruits.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a method for improving the commodity of Hami melons in a pruning mode.

The invention is realized by the following steps:

and (3) reserving three vines when the Hami melon vines are trimmed, reserving three vines and three fruits when the fruits grow to the size of eggs, removing the vines with crooked fruits, cracked fruits and weak growth after young fruits grow to the size of a fist, and reserving two vines and two fruits.

Specifically, the variety of the Hami melon comprises western honey and red crown.

Further, the diameter of the egg is 2-4 cm.

Further, the diameter of the fist size is 5-6 cm.

The invention has the following advantages: the invention adopts two choices during pruning, namely three fruits are reserved from three vines to two fruits from two vines, after one more choice, the commodity of melons is better, and the fruits are askew and inferior, thereby improving the quality and the yield.

Detailed Description

Example 1

The method comprises the following steps:

1. variety selection: western honey, red crown, etc.

2. Selecting land: the cultivation of Hami melon should avoid melon stubbles and continuous cropping land, and select field which has no melon seeds in 3 years, is sunny, convenient for irrigation and drainage, thick soil layer, and good permeability.

3. Seedling and transplanting: the first half of the south has more rainwater and the Hami melon is drought-enduring, the seeding and seedling raising are recommended in the first 7 th of months, and the transplantation is carried out at the bottom of 7 months or in the first 8 th of months and in the middle ten days, so that the melon can be harvested just before the low temperature comes in the next half of the year while avoiding the rainy season.

4. Vine preparation and fruit retention: pinching when the seedlings grow to 3-4 true leaves, selecting and reserving three vines which are robust in growth and good in leaf spread for a single plant, and completely removing the rest sub vines. All bud picking is carried out below 11 sections, the 11 th-13 th sections of the sun vines retain melons, and 2 leaves are retained after female flowers and early pinching is carried out. Selecting fruits after the fruits grow to the size of eggs, reserving three vines and three fruits, removing crooked fruits, inferior fruits and vines with weaker growth vigor after young fruits grow to the size of a fist, reserving two vines and two fruits, and growing and forming.

If the pruning mode of three vines and two fruits is adopted, because the big stems of the leaves of the Hami melon are thick, some leaves are mutually shaded, and further the illumination effect of the leaves and young fruits is influenced, and more malformed fruits and small fruits are caused. The invention adopts three vines and three fruits, finally removes the weak vines, leaves two vines and two fruits, leaves can not be shielded, leaves are completely opened when Hami melon grows, illumination intensity is high, stem leaves grow thicker and stronger, and young fruits absorb more nutrients, so that the melon shape is bigger, reticulate patterns are fine and clear, taste is better, and quality is superior.

Second, design of experiment

The field test adopts a random block design, three methods of one single vine, two conventional double vines, two conventional vines and the like are adopted, the three methods are repeated for three times, 9 cells are obtained, the area of each cell is 220 square meters, the cell is simultaneously cultivated, transplanted and planted, the plant row spacing is 40 cm × 2 m and 1600 plants per mu, the plant row spacing of two conventional vines is 80 cm × 2 m and 800 plants per mu, and the plant row spacing of two conventional vines and the plant row spacing of two trees is 80 cm × 2 m and 800 plants per mu.

Thirdly, the results are as follows:

therefore, compared with the existing pruning mode of one fruit with single vine and two fruits with double vines, the invention has the advantages of more selection opportunities, better fruit type, more uniform fruit size, reduced fruit deflection and poor fruit rate, improved fruit commodity and yield and economic value.

Although specific embodiments of the invention have been described above, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the specific embodiments described are illustrative only and are not limiting upon the scope of the invention, and that equivalent modifications and variations can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention, which is to be limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for improving the commodity of Hami melons in a pruning mode is characterized by comprising the following steps: and (3) reserving three vines when the Hami melon vines are trimmed, reserving three vines and three fruits when the fruits grow to the size of eggs, removing the vines with crooked fruits, cracked fruits and weak growth after young fruits grow to the size of a fist, and reserving two vines and two fruits.

2. The method for improving the commercial property of the hami melons in a pruning mode according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the variety of Hami melon comprises western honey and red crown.

3. The method for improving the commercial property of the hami melons in a pruning mode according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the diameter of the egg is 2-4 cm.

4. The method for improving the commercial property of the hami melons in a pruning mode according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the diameter of the fist size is 5-6 cm.