CN107318561A - A kind of yellow peach plants form culture method - Google Patents
A kind of yellow peach plants form culture method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107318561A CN107318561A CN201710570903.7A CN201710570903A CN107318561A CN 107318561 A CN107318561 A CN 107318561A CN 201710570903 A CN201710570903 A CN 201710570903A CN 107318561 A CN107318561 A CN 107318561A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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Abstract
Form culture method is planted the invention discloses a kind of yellow peach, include site preparation and fertilization, seedling is selected to be colonized, pruning, water and fertilizer management, in terms of the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, the tree structure of yellow peach tree shaping methods culture of the present invention is simple, it is easy to culture and field management is convenient, easily grasped by orchard worker, the dry and hard fruit in yellow peach tree center can be made full use of, improve yellow peach early yield, it is that a kind of simplification for being suitable for the low labor intensity of yellow peach plantation is built, nutrient and habit planted for yellow peach simultaneously needed for, rationally carry out fertilizer, the management of moisture and the preventing and treating of pest and disease damage, effectively improve yellow peach yield, increase the economic well-being of workers and staff of orchard worker.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to planting technology field, more particularly to a kind of yellow peach plantation form culture method.
Background technology
Yellow peach belongs to one kind of peach class, is under the jurisdiction of rose family peach category, cultivates more in China North China, Central China, the band of southwest one,
Because meat be yellow gain the name, its pulp is harder, delicious flavour, nutritious, containing abundant antioxidant, dietary fiber,
Iron calcium and various trace elements, are one of fresh fruits of people's eating the most, and can be used for producing peach piece, preserved peach, peach can etc., its
Price and economic benefit rise year by year, and its high-yield planting demand is also stepped up.
Yellow peach has plantation in each place in the whole nation in recent years, but many local implantation methods differ, corresponding whole
Shape trimming is also not quite similar, because the tree-like trimming of yellow peach tree directly influences the yield of follow-up management and fruit, in fruit tree
Growth management in there is critical role, and tree-like generally three major branches of the upper yellow peach tree of main flow production at present, naturally happily type,
Dredge stratotype etc., these tree-like shapings are slow, and operate it is comparatively laborious, while being influenceed by implantation methods so that yellow peach is being planted
Survival rate is not ideal enough during plant, tree-like mixed and disorderly, and the speed of growth is slow, had both increased manual labor cost, and tree body is easily given birth to again
Disease, yield is relatively low.
Based on this, there is provided a kind of yellow peach tree pruning of optimization by yellow peach tree cultivation experience for many years by the present inventor
Implantation methods, to reduce yellow peach planting cost, increase economic efficiency.
The content of the invention
The object of the invention is exactly to plant form culture method there is provided a kind of yellow peach to make up the defect of prior art.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions：
A kind of yellow peach plants form culture method, including following aspect：
（1）Site preparation and fertilization：By seeding row spacing after ploughing soil is flattened（2-3）Rice ×（4-5）Rice, it is 0.8-1 meters deeply to dig length and width
Planting pit, then be combined with every mu of 1500-2000 kilograms of organic manure, 80-100 kilograms of calcium magnesium phosphate, 15-20 kilograms of potassium sulfate
Fertilizer gets out base fertilizer, is backfilled after it is mixed with table soil in planting pit；
（2）Seedling is selected to be colonized：Selection stock is wild peach, more than 80 centimetres of height of seedling, thick more than 0.8 centimetre, well developed root system no disease and pests harm
Grafting, be colonized before the spring tip is sprouted, disease wiped out during field planting, hinders root, planting pit relief root system is put into and unfolds naturally,
Root water is poured after the soil of backfill cave；
（3）Pruning：
A, First Year：After seedling planting, its top leaf bud sprouts young sprout, as the dry vertical growth in center, treats that it grows to 20 centimetres
Fixed during the above, and 2 reverse vigorous branches or strong bud are selected and remain in the young sprout that trunk base portion is sprouted, be trained 2 major branches, treat major branch
The angle of major branch and central backbone is made to be 60-70 degree with bamboo pole bondage when growing to 20 centimetres, center is dry when growing to more than 50 centimetres,
The side shoot sent thereon selects and remain one every 10-15 centimetres, while the side shoot on major branch selects and remain one, winter every 15-20 centimetres
50-90 centimetres of non-major branch is removed when cutting, and removes the major branch extension prosperous tip in branch top and major branch extension branch competitive branch；
B, Second Year：When summer peach reaches 2-2.2 meters, by the dry extension branch in center with lower portion, good 40-60 lis of growing way is selected and remain
The middle fruit spur and small-sized fruit-bearing shoot cluster of rice, and other branches of excessive growth and branch on the weak side are all removed, while being thinning out on major branch
Back branch is to improve illumination condition, in 50-70 centimetres of the major branch middle and lower part interval medium-sized branch group of culture, 15-20 centimetres of top interval
Cultivate small branch group；
C, the 3rd year：Unnecessary rudiment is removed in time after raw peach rudiment in 3 years, and young sprout is given birth to then in 30-40 centimeters pinching, winter
When cutting major branch taperingness it is small and keep apical dominance remove the prosperous tip in top and major branch extension branch competitive branch, and to medium-sized on major branch
Branch group, small branch group carry out retraction renewal, and medium-sized branch group stays 5-7 healthy and strong fruitful branch of base portion, and small branch group stays base portion 3-5
Healthy and strong fruitful branch, while the fruitful branch on dry to center carries out cutting back；
（4）Water and fertilizer management：After yellow peach treelet rudiment, every plant of Nitrogen Top Dressing 20-25g is applied 1 time, poured weekly after rudiment again after 1 month
Water 1 time, continuous 3-4 weeks, is colonized 1-2 childhood tree, starts to topdress putting tip the last week, based on instant nitrogenousfertilizer, often 10-15
It is imposed 1 time, continuous 2-3 times, dell basal dressing is dug after October, strain applies the muck 20-50kg that becomes thoroughly decomposed, with applying calcium magnesium phosphate 1-
2kg；
（5）The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：Yellow peach mainly has the insects such as aphid, tetranychid, leaf miner, and disease is mainly Bacterial septicaemia syndrome,
Peach bud sprouting period spray 4000-5000 times of liquid of 1 20% imidacloprid, yellow peach is thanked spend after spray 1 72% agricultural streptomycin, 3000 times of liquid, 4-
Spray 5000 times of liquid of 1-2 1.8% AVM May, afterwards according to pest and disease damage a situation arises in time spray prevent and treat.
When First Year is trimmed in the step 3 after yellow peach tree germinates, erase except as 50 centimetres away from ground in addition to major branch
Within sprouting.
First Year trimming Shi Dui does the side shoot selected and remain in center in the step 3, is turned round and is pulled to and ground level state
Growth, to the side shoot selected and remain on major branch, is turned round and is pulled to and the growth of major branch plumbness.
Spreading angle is in 80-110 degree between each branch group on major branch when Second Year is built in the step 3, to reduce upper strata branch
Shade of the group to lower floor.
It is an advantage of the invention that：
The tree structure of yellow peach tree shaping methods culture of the present invention is simple, is easy to culture and field management is convenient, easily by orchard worker
Grasp, the dry and hard fruit in yellow peach tree center can be made full use of, improve yellow peach early yield, be that one kind is suitable for the low work of yellow peach plantation by force
The simplification of degree is built, while nutrient and habit needed for being planted for yellow peach, rationally carry out fertilizer, the management of moisture
And the preventing and treating of pest and disease damage, yellow peach yield is effectively improved, increases the economic well-being of workers and staff of orchard worker.
Embodiment
A kind of yellow peach plants form culture method, including following aspect：
（1）Site preparation and fertilization：By 2 meters × 5 meters of seeding row spacing after ploughing soil is flattened, the planting pit that length and width are 1 meter deeply is dug, then with
Every mu of 1500 kilograms of organic manures, 80 kilograms of calcium magnesium phosphate, 20 kilograms of compound potassium sulfate fertilizers get out base fertilizer, and it is mixed with table soil
Backfill is in planting pit after even；
（2）Seedling is selected to be colonized：Selection stock is wild peach, more than 80 centimetres of height of seedling, thick more than 0.8 centimetre, well developed root system no disease and pests harm
Grafting, be colonized before the spring tip is sprouted, disease wiped out during field planting, hinders root, planting pit relief root system is put into and unfolds naturally,
Root water is poured after the soil of backfill cave；
（3）Pruning：
A, First Year：After seedling planting, its top leaf bud sprouts young sprout, as the dry vertical growth in center, treats that it grows to 20 centimetres
Fixed during the above, and 2 reverse vigorous branches or strong bud are selected and remain in the young sprout that trunk base portion is sprouted, 2 major branches are trained, in yellow peach
After tree germination, the sprouting within as 50 centimetres away from ground in addition to major branch is erased, is tied up when major branch grows to 20 centimetres with bamboo pole
It is 70 degree to tie up and make the angle of major branch and central backbone, and center is dry when growing to more than 50 centimetres, and the side shoot sent thereon is every 15 lis
Rice selects and remain one, while the side shoot on major branch selects and remain one every 20 centimetres, the side shoot selected and remain is done to center, is turned round and is pulled to
With ground level state growth, to the side shoot selected and remain on major branch, turned round be pulled to major branch plumbness grow, removed when the winter cuts
50-90 centimetres of non-major branch, and remove the major branch extension prosperous tip in branch top and major branch extension branch competitive branch；
B, Second Year：When summer peach reaches 2 meters, by the dry extension branch in center with lower portion, growing way good 40-60 centimetres is selected and remain
Middle fruit spur and small-sized fruit-bearing shoot cluster, and other branches of excessive growth and branch on the weak side are all removed, while being thinning out the back on major branch
Branch is to improve illumination condition, in 60 centimetres of the major branch middle and lower part interval medium-sized branch group of culture, 20 centimetres of top interval culture small branch
Spreading angle is in 80-110 degree between each branch group on group, major branch, to reduce shade of the upper strata branch group to lower floor；
C, the 3rd year：Unnecessary rudiment is removed in time after raw peach rudiment in 3 years, and young sprout is given birth to then in 30-40 centimeters pinching, winter
When cutting major branch taperingness it is small and keep apical dominance remove the prosperous tip in top and major branch extension branch competitive branch, and to medium-sized on major branch
Branch group, small branch group carry out retraction renewal, and medium-sized branch group stays 6 healthy and strong fruitful branches of base portion, and small branch group stays 4 stalwartnesses of base portion
Fruitful branch, while the fruitful branch on dry to center carries out cutting back；
（4）Water and fertilizer management：After yellow peach treelet rudiment, every plant of Nitrogen Top Dressing 20g is applied 1 time again after 1 month, waters 1 after rudiment weekly
It is secondary, continuous 4 weeks, 1-2 childhood tree is colonized, starts to topdress putting tip the last week, based on instant nitrogenousfertilizer, imposes 1 within every 14 days
It is secondary, continuous 3 times, dell basal dressing is dug after October, strain applies the muck 40kg that becomes thoroughly decomposed, with applying calcium magnesium phosphate 1.5kg；
（5）The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：Yellow peach mainly has the insects such as aphid, tetranychid, leaf miner, and disease is mainly Bacterial septicaemia syndrome,
Peach bud sprouting period spray 1 20% imidacloprid, 5000 times of liquid, yellow peach is thanked spend after spray 1 72% agricultural streptomycin, 3000 times of liquid, spray the 4-5 months
1 1.8% AVM, 5000 times of liquid, afterwards according to pest and disease damage a situation arises in time spray prevent and treat.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of yellow peach plants form culture method, it is characterised in that by site preparation and fertilization, select seedling field planting, pruning, liquid manure pipe
The processes such as reason, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control are constituted：
（1）Site preparation and fertilization：By seeding row spacing after ploughing soil is flattened（2-3）Rice ×（4-5）Rice, it is 0.8-1 meters deeply to dig length and width
Planting pit, then be combined with every mu of 1500-2000 kilograms of organic manure, 80-100 kilograms of calcium magnesium phosphate, 15-20 kilograms of potassium sulfate
Fertilizer gets out base fertilizer, is backfilled after it is mixed with table soil in planting pit；
（2）Seedling is selected to be colonized：Selection stock is wild peach, more than 80 centimetres of height of seedling, thick more than 0.8 centimetre, well developed root system no disease and pests harm
Grafting, be colonized before the spring tip is sprouted, disease wiped out during field planting, hinders root, planting pit relief root system is put into and unfolds naturally,
Root water is poured after the soil of backfill cave；
（3）Pruning：
A, First Year：After seedling planting, its top leaf bud sprouts young sprout, as the dry vertical growth in center, treats that it grows to 20 centimetres
Fixed during the above, and 2 reverse vigorous branches or strong bud are selected and remain in the young sprout that trunk base portion is sprouted, be trained 2 major branches, treat major branch
The angle of major branch and central backbone is made to be 60-70 degree with bamboo pole bondage when growing to 20 centimetres, center is dry when growing to more than 50 centimetres,
The side shoot sent thereon selects and remain one every 10-15 centimetres, while the side shoot on major branch selects and remain one, winter every 15-20 centimetres
50-90 centimetres of non-major branch is removed when cutting, and removes the major branch extension prosperous tip in branch top and major branch extension branch competitive branch；
B, Second Year：When summer peach reaches 2-2.2 meters, by the dry extension branch in center with lower portion, good 40-60 lis of growing way is selected and remain
The middle fruit spur and small-sized fruit-bearing shoot cluster of rice, and other branches of excessive growth and branch on the weak side are all removed, while being thinning out on major branch
Back branch is to improve illumination condition, in 50-70 centimetres of the major branch middle and lower part interval medium-sized branch group of culture, 15-20 centimetres of top interval
Cultivate small branch group；
C, the 3rd year：Unnecessary rudiment is removed in time after raw peach rudiment in 3 years, and young sprout is given birth to then in 30-40 centimeters pinching, winter
When cutting major branch taperingness it is small and keep apical dominance remove the prosperous tip in top and major branch extension branch competitive branch, and to medium-sized on major branch
Branch group, small branch group carry out retraction renewal, and medium-sized branch group stays 5-7 healthy and strong fruitful branch of base portion, and small branch group stays base portion 3-5
Healthy and strong fruitful branch, while the fruitful branch on dry to center carries out cutting back；
（4）Water and fertilizer management：After yellow peach treelet rudiment, every plant of Nitrogen Top Dressing 20-25g is applied 1 time, poured weekly after rudiment again after 1 month
Water 1 time, continuous 3-4 weeks, is colonized 1-2 childhood tree, starts to topdress putting tip the last week, based on instant nitrogenousfertilizer, often 10-15
It is imposed 1 time, continuous 2-3 times, dell basal dressing is dug after October, strain applies the muck 20-50kg that becomes thoroughly decomposed, with applying calcium magnesium phosphate 1-
2kg；
（5）The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：Yellow peach mainly has the insects such as aphid, tetranychid, leaf miner, and disease is mainly Bacterial septicaemia syndrome,
Peach bud sprouting period spray 4000-5000 times of liquid of 1 20% imidacloprid, yellow peach is thanked spend after spray 1 72% agricultural streptomycin, 3000 times of liquid, 4-
Spray 5000 times of liquid of 1-2 1.8% AVM May, afterwards according to pest and disease damage a situation arises in time spray prevent and treat.
2. yellow peach according to claim 1 plants form culture method, it is characterised in that the first annual overhaul in the step 3
When cutting after yellow peach tree germinates, the sprouting within as 50 centimetres away from ground in addition to major branch is erased.
3. yellow peach according to claim 1 plants form culture method, it is characterised in that the first annual overhaul in the step 3
The side shoot selected and remain on Jian Shidui centers are dry, turned round be pulled to ground level state growth, to the side shoot selected and remain on major branch, by it
Torsion is pulled to be grown with major branch plumbness.
4. yellow peach according to claim 1 plants form culture method, it is characterised in that the second annual overhaul in the step 3
Spreading angle is in 80-110 degree between each branch group on major branch when building, to reduce shade of the upper strata branch group to lower floor.
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| CN201710570903.7A CN107318561A (en) | 2017-07-13 | 2017-07-13 | A kind of yellow peach plants form culture method |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107820986A (en) * | 2017-12-13 | 2018-03-23 | 三穗县义和生态农业专业合作社 | A kind of coronal form culture method of yellow peach |
| CN110012911A (en) * | 2018-12-12 | 2019-07-16 | 中国计量大学 | A kind of application of mixing formula preparation in anti-eliminate aphis |
| CN110268877A (en) * | 2019-07-30 | 2019-09-24 | 双峰县江口种养专业合作社 | A kind of implantation methods of yellow peach |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107820986A (en) * | 2017-12-13 | 2018-03-23 | 三穗县义和生态农业专业合作社 | A kind of coronal form culture method of yellow peach |
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Application publication date: 20171107 |