CN105613183A - Row type cultivating method of dragon fruit - Google Patents
Row type cultivating method of dragon fruit Download PDFInfo
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- CN105613183A CN105613183A CN201610052866.6A CN201610052866A CN105613183A CN 105613183 A CN105613183 A CN 105613183A CN 201610052866 A CN201610052866 A CN 201610052866A CN 105613183 A CN105613183 A CN 105613183A
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- hylocereus undatus
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
Abstract
The invention provides a row type cultivating method of dragon fruit. The row type cultivating method comprises the following steps of (A) vertically inserting a plurality of cement columns into a planting land in a row type, wherein the interval of the cement columns is 2-3m, and the top parts of the cement columns are sequentially and fixedly connected by steel wires; (B) forming ridges on the ground which is parallel with the steel wires, planting the dragon fruit plants at the center of each ridge at the interval of 0.3-0.4m, binding the dragon fruit plants by a bamboo stick, and guiding the corresponding steel wire; (C) after the growth height of a main branch of each dragon fruit plant is 0.4-0.5m higher than the corresponding steel wire, capping and trimming, applying fertilizer and watering, and harvesting after the dragon fruit is matured. The row type cultivating method of the dragon fruit has the advantages that the breeding management is favorable, the air is well ventilated, the sunlight is enough, the planting area of the dragon fruit is expanded, and the planting efficiency is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of plant growing technology, in particular to row's formula cultural method of a kind of Hylocereus undatus.
Background technology
Hylocereus undatus (Latin literary fame: HylocereusundulatusBritt), also known as Hylocereus undatus, Herba Passiflorae Foetidae, celestial mamoncillo, Yu Longguo. Cactaceae, Hylocereus undatus platymiscium. Fruit ovalize, diameter 10-12cm, outward appearance is red or yellow, has the thallus of green, fillet, triangle, white, red or yellow sarcocarp, has melanospermous fruit. Hylocereus undatus is gained the name like the outer squama of flood dragon because of its appearance meat scale. When her bright and clean and huge flower bursts forth, drifting fragrance overflows, and potted plant views and admires the sense making people have luckiness, so also referred to as " lucky fruit ". Hylocereus undatus is gained the name as an angry red fireball because of appearance. The sarcocarp of the inside similarly is fragrant and sweet butter, but has been covered with the little seed of black. Quality is gentle, taste delicate fragrance.
Hylocereus undatus is nutritious, function is unique, and it contains the rare vegetable albumin of general plant and anthocyanidin, abundant vitamin and water soluble dietary fiber. Hylocereus undatus belongs to cool property fruit, and in its natural state, fruit is ripe in the autumn in summer, and taste is sweet, succulence. The ground such as the Costa Rica in Central America, original producton location, Guatemala, Panama, Ecuador, Cuba, Colombia. The Taiwan Province of the countries in Southeast Asia such as rear incoming Vietnam, Thailand and China, the provinces and regions such as Hainan of China's Mainland, Guangxi, Guangdong, Fujian, Yunnan.
At present, the Main Cultivation method of Hylocereus undatus is single column monolayer or the cultivation of single upright column and double layer, but the land utilization ratio that these cultural methods are often formed is relatively low, plant number reduces, it is unfavorable for managing and protecting, causes plant inner ventilation not smooth, uneven illumination, yield poorly down, the generation of the problems such as economic feasibility is low.
In view of this, the special proposition present invention.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide row's formula cultural method of a kind of Hylocereus undatus, this cultural method overcomes the many technical problems existed in prior art, by arranging formula built, the cultivation of row's formula and branch configuration control are pruned the organic linking of three steps and are cultivated, not only enhance the reasonability of pattern of farming, and add yield, it is more conducive to tending management, ventilate more unobstructed, illumination is sufficient, expand the cultivated area of Hylocereus undatus, improve plantation efficiency, create certain economic benefit, it is worth extensive exemplary application, there is certain reference value, reliable cultural method is provided for realizing Hylocereus undatus volume increase, cost is low, easy to operate, with low content of technology, also operation can be realized without being equipped with professional, reduce the input of manpower and materials.
In order to realize the above-mentioned purpose of the present invention, spy by the following technical solutions:
Embodiments provide row's formula cultural method of a kind of Hylocereus undatus, comprise the steps:
(A) it is that row's formula is inserted vertically into many concrete columns at planting site, interval 2-3m between every concrete column, it is fixing that the top of described concrete column adopts steel wire to connect successively;
(B) parallel with described steel wire ground ridging, the distance of ridge center position interval 0.3-0.4m successively plants Hylocereus undatus Seedling strain, and described Hylocereus undatus Seedling strain adopts bamboo let binding to guide;
(C) when the major branch growing height of Hylocereus undatus Seedling strain exceedes described steel wire 0.4-0.5m, carry out pruning of binding, fertilizing, watering, treat that Hylocereus undatus maturation is gathered.
The mode of single column monolayer of the prior art or single upright column and double layer cultivation Hylocereus undatus, it is typically in 4-6 plant of surrounding's cultivation of every root post, and the distance between column and column also compares farther out, the land utilization ratio that the mode of so sparse plantation is often formed is relatively low, plant number can be fewer, also have and main problem is that, although overall plantation plant is more crowded again but cluster round the plant around every root post less, there will be uneven illumination, the problem such as ventilate not smooth, do not reach the purpose of Appropriate application planting area. the present invention is to solve the technical problem appeared above, provide row's formula cultural method of a kind of Hylocereus undatus that can realize planting site most optimum distribution of resources, abandon the planting patterns of conventional single column, but adopt the mode of row's formula plantation, so can by planting site reasonable distribution resource, do not waste every inch of land, and each plant is evenly distributed, will not because of plunder nutrient excessively crowded between plant, the resources such as sunlight, cause malnutrition impact growth, this cultural method is suitable to widely popularize to peasant household's use, broader economic benefit is created for peasant household. it addition, the present invention this row's formula plantation plant arrangement is more neat, growing way is relatively good control also, does not have each plant strain growth direction and differs, and is unfavorable for that the phenomenon that follow-up management is pruned occurs, reduces labor intensity.
During concrete operations, in step (A), first is that row's formula is inserted vertically into many concrete columns at planting site, interval 2-3m between concrete column, the straight length of general entire row is maintained at about 40m, if the oversize steel wire being arranged at top can, because the growth stress of follow-up dragon fruit bough is too big, bear incessantly, the steel wire at top sequentially passes through the top of each concrete column and forms straight line, used by follow-up shoot growth dish climbs. further, so that steel wire is more firmly fixed to the top of each concrete column, the top of concrete column is preferably provided fluted, such steel wire sequentially passes through the groove connection of each concrete column and fixes and will not slidably reciprocate, further, also can along the vertical direction of steel wire above steel wire, every concrete column ties up a curved wire again, the embedment underground, bottom of steel wire is fixed, firmly steel wire can be connected fixing with every concrete column by such mode of operation, do not have any loosening, above mode of operation is also inventor's optimal operation mode by substantial amounts of practice optimization gradually, need to pay substantial amounts of creative work, each step only can be only achieved the purpose of the present invention in strict accordance with disclosed scheme operation, prior art does not have any enlightenment.
Also have, distance between concrete column also to be controlled, because the setting of concrete column is also for the steel wire of a better support, if the not only steel wire of the hypertelorism between concrete column not easily stretches, also the growth tendency of branch can be affected, therefore the distance between adjacent two concrete columns is the numerical value finally determined after inventor puts into practice in a large number, it is necessary to control in suitable numerical range, interval 2-3m.
In order to realize better support, it is plane triangle shape support that entire row is positioned at the concrete column at two ends, will not rock with the concrete column of firm entire row, the cultivation of concrete column enters the degree of depth and is preferably controlled in 0.5-0.6m, it is preferably 0.5m, if it is insecure that the degree of depth crosses shallow meeting, cross and deeply can increase again labour force, extend the operation cycle virtually.
Additionally, the growing height of the highly desirable and later Hylocereus undatus plant of concrete column adapts, if the highly too high binding being likely to be unfavorable for follow-up Hylocereus undatus new life branch, not easily operate, also the opportunity bound poorly is controlled, therefore the height of concrete column is preferably controlled between 1.7-1.8m, if the branch overgrowing of Hylocereus undatus that allows simply also can affect the growth of fruit.
In the step (B) of the present invention, first ridging on the vertical ground parallel with steel wire, the narrow rib being above the ground level is built up at planting site, can reach to thicken topsoil, improve ground temperature, improve ventilation and Irradiance, be easy to the purpose of irrigation and drainage, the Altitude control of ridging is between 0.2-0.3m, being preferably 0.2m, such height can reach the requirement of plantation substantially. Hylocereus undatus Seedling strain is planted in the distance of ridge center position successively interval 0.3-0.4m after ridging, the cultivation of Hylocereus undatus Seedling strain enters the degree of depth and is preferably controlled in 0.05-0.06m, it is preferably 0.05m, if what Seedling strain was planted can be unfavorable for growth too deeply, this degree of depth just enables to Seedling strain and absorbs the nutrient substance in soil, moisture, also without influence on the normal growth of Seedling strain. Spacing between every young plant is 0.3-0.4m, thus calculates, between adjacent concrete column, the general Seedling strain (every concrete column avris also plants a strain respectively) planted is 5-6 strain, and adopts bamboo let binding to guide upper described steel wire, guides the growth climbing of its supersteel line.
By its free growth after Hylocereus undatus Seedling strain is planted, configuration control pruning is carried out, in step (C), when the major branch growing height of Hylocereus undatus Seedling strain exceedes described steel wire 0.4-0.5m when growing into certain altitude, carry out pruning of binding, to induce the growth of branch. If the steel wire along the left and right sides of the branch equivalent newly born bundlees fixing, described branch controls at 0.6-0.8m along the length that steel wire is sagging, carries out receiving branch in this length, is conducive to branch to increase thick and effective ingredient accumulation.
Finally, carry out daily cultivation and manage and protect fertilizing, watering, be typically in Hylocereus undatus seedling stage, apply fertilizer 1 time every 30-35d, water 1 time every 4-5d. In fact daily cultivation is managed and protected essentially identical with the implantation methods of prior art, and the key protection point of the present invention is in that the method that this row's formula is cultivated, and and do not lie in the maintenance management in seedling stage after later stage plantation plant.
This special Hylocereus undatus cultural method prior art of the present invention do not have any record, and the planning of each step of the cultural method of the present invention to be all that the habit according to Hylocereus undatus carries out regioselective, inventor has also paid substantial amounts of creative work, the more important thing is that this cultural method is only applicable to Hylocereus undatus, it is not suitable for the cultivation of other plant, because the height of each operating parameter such as column related in operating procedure, cropping depth etc., it is all need the growth phase with Hylocereus undatus to adapt to, if not controlling to cause that in the scope of application claims whole scheme cannot be implemented.
Compared with prior art, the invention have the benefit that
(1) row's formula cultural method of the present invention, the organic linking pruning three steps by arranging formula built, the cultivation of row's formula and branch configuration control is cultivated, not only enhance the reasonability of pattern of farming, and add yield, be more conducive to tending management, ventilate more unobstructed, illumination is sufficient, expand the cultivated area of Hylocereus undatus, improve plantation efficiency, it is possible to accelerate the speed of growth of Hylocereus undatus, enter fruiting period in advance, shorten growth cycle, pluck the opportunity of fruit in advance, be more conducive to quickly seize market, create certain economic benefit;
(2) this cultural method of the present invention is compared with existing implantation methods, every mu can be improved planting number about 60%, increase Hylocereus undatus effective output more than 90%, it is efficiently modified the cultural method that Hylocereus undatus is traditional, output increased for Hylocereus undatus provides effective technological guidance, and produces good economic benefit.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with embodiment, embodiment of the present invention are described in detail, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the following example is merely to illustrate the present invention, and are not construed as restriction the scope of the present invention. Unreceipted actual conditions person in embodiment, conventionally the condition of condition or manufacturer's suggestion carries out. Agents useful for same or the unreceipted production firm person of instrument, be and can pass through the commercially available conventional products bought and obtain.
Embodiment 1
Row's formula cultural method of Hylocereus undatus carries out in accordance with the following steps:
1) row's formula built: arrange with straight line 40m mono-, plants 1.7m concrete column one at interval of 2m, plants into degree of depth 0.5m, and the concrete column at row formula two ends becomes plane triangle shape support, and top is strained and fixed with No. 8 galvanized steel wires;
2) row's formula cultivation: growth belt ridging 0.2m is high, plants Seedling at center, ridge with the position that steel wire is parallel, and Seedling spacing in the rows is 0.3m, and the depth of planting is 0.05m, and guides steel wire added with bamboo let;
3) branch configuration control is pruned: when major branch growing height exceedes steel wire 0.4m, carry out pruning of binding, to induce branch, newborn branch is separately fixing along steel wire both sides equably, it is made to become the sagging growth in both sides, unnecessary branch cuts off, and receives branch when sagging branch length is to 0.6-0.8m, is conducive to branch to increase thick and effective ingredient accumulation;
4) cultivation is managed and protected: after early stage imbeds 3-5kg base fertilizer in the hole that Hylocereus undatus plant is planted, add soil again to fill up and be the slightly lower arcs in middle high both sides, the seedling stage that later stage grows at Hylocereus undatus, the every strain Hylocereus undatus Seedling of every 30d uses 0.5-1kg fertilizer 1 time, execute altogether 4 times, be maintained with ground moistening, during weather arid, 3-4d fills 1 water, and about 15d executes 1 liquid manure; Compound potassium sulfate fertilizer, every strain 0.4-0.6kg should be executed after Hylocereus undatus result prune branch immediately, and suitably pour water, to inspire shoot;
5) disease control: once find the young plant of damaged by vermin or disease, rooted out immediately, uses baked wheaten cake method to eliminate, thank spend after 30-40d Hylocereus undatus ripe, treat that the Hylocereus undatus of more than 90% is changed into aubergine by cyan and can pluck fruit.
Embodiment 2
Row's formula cultural method of Hylocereus undatus carries out in accordance with the following steps:
1) row's formula built: arrange with straight line 40m mono-, planting 1.8m concrete column one at interval of 3m, plant into degree of depth 0.6m, the concrete column at row formula two ends becomes plane triangle shape support, the top of concrete column is provided with groove, and steel wire sequentially passes through the groove of each concrete column and connects fixing;
2) row's formula cultivation: growth belt ridging 0.3m is high, plants Seedling at center, ridge with the position that steel wire is parallel, and Seedling spacing in the rows is 0.3m, and the depth of planting is 0.06m, and guides steel wire added with bamboo let;
3) branch configuration control is pruned: when major branch growing height exceedes steel wire 0.4m, carry out pruning of binding, to induce branch, newborn branch is separately fixing along steel wire both sides equably, it is made to become the sagging growth in both sides, unnecessary branch cuts off, and receives branch when sagging branch length is to 0.6-0.8m, is conducive to branch to increase thick and effective ingredient accumulation;
4) cultivation is managed and protected: after early stage imbeds 3-5kg base fertilizer in the hole that Hylocereus undatus plant is planted, then adds soil and fill up and be the slightly lower arcs in middle high both sides, and in the seedling stage that the later stage grows at Hylocereus undatus, the every strain Hylocereus undatus Seedling of every 35d uses 0.5-1kg fertilizer 1 time; Executing altogether 4 times, be maintained with ground moistening, during weather arid, 4-5d fills 1 water, and about 15d executes 1 liquid manure; Compound potassium sulfate fertilizer, every strain 0.4-0.6kg should be executed after Hylocereus undatus result prune branch immediately, and suitably pour water, to inspire shoot;
5) disease control: once find the young plant of damaged by vermin or disease, rooted out immediately, uses baked wheaten cake method to eliminate, thank spend after 30-40d Hylocereus undatus ripe, treat that the Hylocereus undatus of more than 90% is changed into aubergine by cyan and can pluck fruit.
Embodiment 3
Row's formula cultural method of Hylocereus undatus carries out in accordance with the following steps:
1) row's formula built: be row's formula at interval of 2.5m cultivation 1.7m concrete column one at planting site, plant into degree of depth 0.6m, the concrete column at row's formula two ends becomes plane triangle shape support, the top of concrete column is provided with groove, steel wire sequentially passes through the groove of each concrete column and connects fixing, in order to prevent steel wire from skidding, the top of the every concrete column in the direction perpendicular with steel wire, it is respectively arranged with the buried curved wire in bottom and is positioned at above steel wire;
2) row's formula cultivation: growth belt ridging 0.25m is high, plants Seedling at center, ridge with the position that steel wire is parallel, and Seedling spacing in the rows is 0.4m, and the depth of planting is 0.05m, and guides steel wire added with bamboo let;
3) branch configuration control is pruned: when major branch growing height exceedes steel wire 0.5m, carry out pruning of binding, to induce branch, newborn branch is separately fixing along steel wire both sides equably, it is made to become the sagging growth in both sides, unnecessary branch cuts off, and receives branch when sagging branch length is to 0.6-0.8m, is conducive to branch to increase thick and effective ingredient accumulation;
4) cultivation is managed and protected: after early stage imbeds 3-5kg base fertilizer in the hole that Hylocereus undatus plant is planted, adding soil again to fill up and be the slightly lower arcs in middle high both sides, in the seedling stage that the later stage grows at Hylocereus undatus, the every strain Hylocereus undatus Seedling of every 30d uses 0.5-1kg fertilizer, being maintained with ground moistening, 4-5d fills 1 water; Compound potassium sulfate fertilizer, every strain 0.4-0.6kg should be executed after Hylocereus undatus result prune branch immediately, and suitably pour water, to inspire shoot;
5) disease control: once find the young plant of damaged by vermin or disease, rooted out immediately, uses baked wheaten cake method to eliminate, thank spend after 30-40d Hylocereus undatus ripe, treat that the Hylocereus undatus of more than 90% is changed into aubergine by cyan and can pluck fruit.
Embodiment 4
Row's formula cultural method of Hylocereus undatus carries out in accordance with the following steps:
1) row's formula built: arrange with straight line 40m mono-, planting 1.8m concrete column one at interval of 2.5m, plant into degree of depth 0.6m, the concrete column at row formula two ends becomes plane triangle shape support, the top of concrete column is provided with groove, and steel wire sequentially passes through the groove of each concrete column and connects fixing;
2) row's formula cultivation: growth belt ridging 0.28m is high, plants Seedling at center, ridge with the position that steel wire is parallel, and Seedling spacing in the rows is 0.3m, and the depth of planting is 0.06m, and guides steel wire added with bamboo let;
3) branch configuration control is pruned: when major branch growing height exceedes steel wire 0.45m, carry out pruning of binding, to induce branch, newborn branch is separately fixing along steel wire both sides equably, it is made to become the sagging growth in both sides, unnecessary branch cuts off, and receives branch when sagging branch length is to 0.7m, is conducive to branch to increase thick and effective ingredient accumulation;
4) cultivation is managed and protected: after early stage imbeds 50-60kg base fertilizer in the hole that Hylocereus undatus plant is planted, add soil again to fill up and be the slightly lower arcs in middle high both sides, the seedling stage that later stage grows at Hylocereus undatus, the every strain Hylocereus undatus Seedling of every 30d uses 0.5-1kg fertilizer 1 time, execute 4 times altogether, it is maintained with ground moistening, during weather arid, 4-5d fills 1 water, and about 15d executes 1 liquid manure; Compound potassium sulfate fertilizer, every strain 0.4-0.6kg should be executed after Hylocereus undatus result prune branch immediately, and suitably pour water, to inspire shoot;
5) disease control: once find the young plant of damaged by vermin or disease, rooted out immediately, uses baked wheaten cake method to eliminate, thank spend after 30-40d Hylocereus undatus ripe, treat that the Hylocereus undatus of more than 90% is changed into aubergine by cyan and can pluck fruit.
Experimental example 1
Row's formula cultural method of the Hylocereus undatus of embodiments of the invention 1-4 and single column cultivation method (comparative example 1) of the prior art are carried out effectiveness comparison, and specific experiment result is as shown in table 1 below:
The effectiveness comparison of table 1 the inventive method and existing implantation methods
Can be seen that from upper table 1, not only the strain number of the present invention every mu plantation can increase by more than 300 strains, quantity adds about 60% compared with original planting technology, and the effective branch quantity average out to of individual plant 10, on the basis of original planting technology, increasing degree is about 20%, the fresh yield of individual plant rattan adds 1-2kg, and every mu can increase fresh pod yield about 1500kg, considerable benefit.
Although illustrate and describing the present invention with specific embodiment, however it will be appreciated that may be made that when without departing substantially from the spirit and scope of the present invention many other change and amendment. It is, therefore, intended that include all such changes and modifications belonging in the scope of the invention in the following claims.
Claims (10)
1. row's formula cultural method of a Hylocereus undatus, it is characterised in that comprise the steps:
(A) it is that row's formula is inserted vertically into many concrete columns at planting site, interval 2-3m between every concrete column, it is fixing that the top of described concrete column adopts steel wire to connect successively;
(B) parallel with described steel wire ground ridging, the distance of ridge center position interval 0.3-0.4m successively plants Hylocereus undatus Seedling strain, and described Hylocereus undatus Seedling strain adopts bamboo let binding to guide upper described steel wire;
(C) when the major branch growing height of Hylocereus undatus Seedling strain exceedes described steel wire 0.4-0.5m, carry out pruning of binding, fertilizing, watering, treat that Hylocereus undatus maturation is gathered.
2. row's formula cultural method of a kind of Hylocereus undatus according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in described step (A), it is plane triangle shape support that entire row is positioned at the concrete column at two ends.
3. row's formula cultural method of a kind of Hylocereus undatus according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in described step (A), the cultivation of described concrete column enters severity control at 0.5-0.6m, it is preferred to 0.5m.
4. row's formula cultural method of a kind of Hylocereus undatus according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in described step (A), the Altitude control of described concrete column is at 1.7-1.8m.
5. row's formula cultural method of a kind of Hylocereus undatus according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in described step (A), the top of described concrete column is provided with groove, described steel wire sequentially passes through the groove of each concrete column and connects fixing.
6. row's formula cultural method of a kind of Hylocereus undatus according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, in described step (A), the top of the every concrete column in the direction perpendicular with described steel wire, it is respectively arranged with the buried curved wire in bottom in order to reinforce steel wire.
7. row's formula cultural method of a kind of Hylocereus undatus according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in described step (B), the height of ridging is 0.2-0.3m, it is preferred to 0.2m.
8. row's formula cultural method of a kind of Hylocereus undatus according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in described step (B), the cultivation of described Hylocereus undatus Seedling strain enters severity control at 0.05-0.06m, it is preferred to 0.05m.
9. row's formula cultural method of a kind of Hylocereus undatus according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in described step (C), the steel wire along the left and right sides of the branch equivalent newly born bundlees fixing, and described branch controls at 0.6-0.8m along the length that steel wire is sagging.
10. row's formula cultural method of a kind of Hylocereus undatus according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in described step (C), Hylocereus undatus seedling stage, applies fertilizer 1 time every 30-35d, waters 1 time every 4-5d.
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| CN106961995A (en) * | 2017-05-03 | 2017-07-21 | 吉美林 | The method that beam-connected greenhouse pillar plantation dragon fruit interplants strawberry |
| CN107926537A (en) * | 2018-01-04 | 2018-04-20 | 广西农业职业技术学院 | A kind of implantation methods for making dragon fruit seedling do sth. in advance result |
| CN109122100A (en) * | 2018-09-03 | 2019-01-04 | 深圳诺普信农化股份有限公司 | A kind of double high-density planting method of dragon fruit |
| CN112450007A (en) * | 2020-08-17 | 2021-03-09 | 广西佳年农业有限公司 | Single-column type double-layer dragon fruit planting method |
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Application publication date: 20160601 |