CN105452355B - 膨胀颗粒的制备 - Google Patents
膨胀颗粒的制备 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN105452355B CN105452355B CN201480044630.7A CN201480044630A CN105452355B CN 105452355 B CN105452355 B CN 105452355B CN 201480044630 A CN201480044630 A CN 201480044630A CN 105452355 B CN105452355 B CN 105452355B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- temperature
- foaming agent
- granulation chamber
- particle
- tpe
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims description 11
- 229920002725 thermoplastic elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 67
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 210000002615 epidermis Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 claims description 65
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 39
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 claims description 17
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- -1 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Alumina Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002667 nucleating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002614 Polyether block amide Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000008282 halocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002174 Styrene-butadiene Substances 0.000 claims 1
- MTAZNLWOLGHBHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N butadiene-styrene rubber Chemical compound C=CC=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 MTAZNLWOLGHBHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011115 styrene butadiene Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000003380 propellant Substances 0.000 abstract 5
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 abstract 4
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 13
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 13
- KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Terephthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C=C1 KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Malonic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 235000019441 ethanol Nutrition 0.000 description 9
- XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 7
- 235000012222 talc Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 description 6
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- YSMRWXYRXBRSND-UHFFFAOYSA-N TOTP Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1OP(=O)(OC=1C(=CC=CC=1)C)OC1=CC=CC=C1C YSMRWXYRXBRSND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 5
- 125000001033 ether group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 229920001707 polybutylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N Fumaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C\C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000004433 Thermoplastic polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 4
- WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N adipic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCC(O)=O WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-1,4-diol Chemical compound OCCCCO WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 4
- BDJRBEYXGGNYIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonanedioic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCCC(O)=O BDJRBEYXGGNYIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000000962 organic group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 4
- CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sebacic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229920002803 thermoplastic polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 4
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium sulfate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229920006018 co-polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 150000001991 dicarboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 description 3
- SFNALCNOMXIBKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethylene glycol monododecyl ether Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCOCCO SFNALCNOMXIBKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000003951 lactams Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-pentane Natural products CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000001124 (E)-prop-1-ene-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- QFGCFKJIPBRJGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 12-[(2-methylpropan-2-yl)oxy]-12-oxododecanoic acid Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QFGCFKJIPBRJGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JAHNSTQSQJOJLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-fluorophenyl)-1h-imidazole Chemical compound FC1=CC=CC(C=2NC=CN=2)=C1 JAHNSTQSQJOJLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butadiene Chemical compound C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- RRHGJUQNOFWUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isoprene Chemical compound CC(=C)C=C RRHGJUQNOFWUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000877 Melamine resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000305 Nylon 6,10 Polymers 0.000 description 2
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 2
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229940091181 aconitic acid Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000001361 adipic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000011037 adipic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- ADCOVFLJGNWWNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony trioxide Chemical compound O=[Sb]O[Sb]=O ADCOVFLJGNWWNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001400 block copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004359 castor oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229960001777 castor oil Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 235000019438 castor oil Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- GTZCVFVGUGFEME-IWQZZHSRSA-N cis-aconitic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C\C(C(O)=O)=C\C(O)=O GTZCVFVGUGFEME-IWQZZHSRSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IHLIVAHFDOAPFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohex-2-ene-1,4-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1CCC(C(O)=O)C=C1 IHLIVAHFDOAPFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007046 ethoxylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000002191 fatty alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000001530 fumaric acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N glycerol triricinoleate Natural products CCCCCC[C@@H](O)CC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](COC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@@H](O)CCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@H](O)CCCCCC ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QQVIHTHCMHWDBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N isophthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC(C(O)=O)=C1 QQVIHTHCMHWDBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011976 maleic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004579 marble Substances 0.000 description 2
- JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N melamine Chemical compound NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylenebutanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(=C)C(O)=O LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- JMANVNJQNLATNU-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxalonitrile Chemical compound N#CC#N JMANVNJQNLATNU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 210000003491 skin Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- GTZCVFVGUGFEME-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-aconitic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(C(O)=O)=CC(O)=O GTZCVFVGUGFEME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HJTAZXHBEBIQQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,5-bis(chloromethyl)naphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(CCl)=CC=CC2=C1CCl HJTAZXHBEBIQQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BZGBTLYQQQASEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-dodecylbenzene-1,2-disulfonic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC(S(O)(=O)=O)=C1S(O)(=O)=O BZGBTLYQQQASEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 244000198134 Agave sisalana Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004254 Ammonium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004114 Ammonium polyphosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004604 Blowing Agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- IVAIKLPWWORRPT-AWEZNQCLSA-N COc1cc2C[C@@H]3N(CCc4ccc(OC)c(O)c34)Cc2cc1O Chemical class COc1cc2C[C@@H]3N(CCc4ccc(OC)c(O)c34)Cc2cc1O IVAIKLPWWORRPT-AWEZNQCLSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000012766 Cannabis sativa ssp. sativa var. sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000012765 Cannabis sativa ssp. sativa var. spontanea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920003043 Cellulose fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
- OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethane Chemical compound CC OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010020852 Hypertonia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229920005983 Infinergy® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000006240 Linum usitatissimum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000004431 Linum usitatissimum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrous acid Chemical compound ON=O IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000005662 Paraffin oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019483 Peanut oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000000528 Ricinus communis Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000004443 Ricinus communis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical group CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N ZrO2 Inorganic materials O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010000269 abscess Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- RGCKGOZRHPZPFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N alizarin Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)C3=C(O)C(O)=CC=C3C(=O)C2=C1 RGCKGOZRHPZPFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229910021502 aluminium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000148 ammonium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019289 ammonium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019826 ammonium polyphosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920001276 ammonium polyphosphate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003254 anti-foaming effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002216 antistatic agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004760 aramid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003235 aromatic polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- GOLCXWYRSKYTSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenic trioxide Inorganic materials O1[As]2O[As]1O2 GOLCXWYRSKYTSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010428 baryte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052601 baryte Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001273 butane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000009120 camo Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 1
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- NGBDVHCLWGVLEN-UHFFFAOYSA-N caseamine Natural products COc1cc2CN3CCc4ccc(OC)c(O)c4C3Cc2cc1O NGBDVHCLWGVLEN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000005607 chanvre indien Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052570 clay Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006039 crystalline polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 description 1
- MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N diammonium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].OP([O-])([O-])=O MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethanolamine Chemical class OCCNCCO ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940043237 diethanolamine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000005442 diisocyanate group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000010339 dilation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000000118 dimethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000004205 dimethyl polysiloxane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013870 dimethyl polysiloxane Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000002009 diols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XQRLCLUYWUNEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphosphonic acid Chemical compound OP(=O)OP(O)=O XQRLCLUYWUNEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004945 emulsification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- JBKVHLHDHHXQEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N epsilon-caprolactam Chemical compound O=C1CCCCCN1 JBKVHLHDHHXQEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000032050 esterification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005886 esterification reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- XXWXVINLCWROJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethanol octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCO.CCO.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O XXWXVINLCWROJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011487 hemp Substances 0.000 description 1
- XXMIOPMDWAUFGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-1,6-diol Chemical compound OCCCCCCO XXMIOPMDWAUFGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007373 indentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001802 infusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011256 inorganic filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910003475 inorganic filler Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2] VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000347 magnesium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001862 magnesium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010445 mica Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052618 mica group Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butane Chemical compound CCCC IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HOKMYEORIPLLGI-KVVVOXFISA-N n-ethylethanamine;(z)-octadec-9-enoic acid Chemical compound CCNCC.CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O HOKMYEORIPLLGI-KVVVOXFISA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000005375 organosiloxane group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000312 peanut oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000435 poly(dimethylsiloxane) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920000909 polytetrahydrofuran Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001012 protector Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004040 pyrrolidinones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- WBHHMMIMDMUBKC-XLNAKTSKSA-N ricinelaidic acid Chemical compound CCCCCC[C@@H](O)C\C=C\CCCCCCCC(O)=O WBHHMMIMDMUBKC-XLNAKTSKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940066675 ricinoleate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960003656 ricinoleic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- FEUQNCSVHBHROZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ricinoleic acid Natural products CCCCCCC(O[Si](C)(C)C)CC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OC FEUQNCSVHBHROZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003584 silencer Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006132 styrene block copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003460 sulfonic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000012209 synthetic fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920006346 thermoplastic polyester elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005809 transesterification reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000007968 uric acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000012855 volatile organic compound Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010456 wollastonite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052882 wollastonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C44/00—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles
- B29C44/34—Auxiliary operations
- B29C44/3461—Making or treating expandable particles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
- B29B7/80—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29B7/88—Adding charges, i.e. additives
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B9/00—Making granules
- B29B9/02—Making granules by dividing preformed material
- B29B9/06—Making granules by dividing preformed material in the form of filamentary material, e.g. combined with extrusion
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B9/00—Making granules
- B29B9/02—Making granules by dividing preformed material
- B29B9/06—Making granules by dividing preformed material in the form of filamentary material, e.g. combined with extrusion
- B29B9/065—Making granules by dividing preformed material in the form of filamentary material, e.g. combined with extrusion under-water, e.g. underwater pelletizers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B9/00—Making granules
- B29B9/12—Making granules characterised by structure or composition
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C44/00—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles
- B29C44/02—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles for articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
- B29C44/04—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles for articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles consisting of at least two parts of chemically or physically different materials, e.g. having different densities
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/0066—Use of inorganic compounding ingredients
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/04—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent
- C08J9/12—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a physical blowing agent
- C08J9/122—Hydrogen, oxygen, CO2, nitrogen or noble gases
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/16—Making expandable particles
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/34—Chemical features in the manufacture of articles consisting of a foamed macromolecular core and a macromolecular surface layer having a higher density than the core
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
- B29B7/80—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29B7/88—Adding charges, i.e. additives
- B29B7/90—Fillers or reinforcements, e.g. fibres
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B9/00—Making granules
- B29B9/12—Making granules characterised by structure or composition
- B29B9/14—Making granules characterised by structure or composition fibre-reinforced
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
- B29C48/04—Particle-shaped
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
- B29C48/05—Filamentary, e.g. strands
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/78—Thermal treatment of the extrusion moulding material or of preformed parts or layers, e.g. by heating or cooling
- B29C48/86—Thermal treatment of the extrusion moulding material or of preformed parts or layers, e.g. by heating or cooling at the nozzle zone
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2021/00—Use of unspecified rubbers as moulding material
- B29K2021/003—Thermoplastic elastomers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2077/00—Use of PA, i.e. polyamides, e.g. polyesteramides or derivatives thereof, as moulding material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
- B29K2105/0085—Copolymers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
- B29K2105/06—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts
- B29K2105/16—Fillers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2995/00—Properties of moulding materials, reinforcements, fillers, preformed parts or moulds
- B29K2995/0037—Other properties
- B29K2995/007—Hardness
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2995/00—Properties of moulding materials, reinforcements, fillers, preformed parts or moulds
- B29K2995/0037—Other properties
- B29K2995/0082—Flexural strength; Flexion stiffness
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2201/00—Foams characterised by the foaming process
- C08J2201/02—Foams characterised by the foaming process characterised by mechanical pre- or post-treatments
- C08J2201/03—Extrusion of the foamable blend
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2203/00—Foams characterized by the expanding agent
- C08J2203/06—CO2, N2 or noble gases
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2300/00—Characterised by the use of unspecified polymers
- C08J2300/22—Thermoplastic resins
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2300/00—Characterised by the use of unspecified polymers
- C08J2300/26—Elastomers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2353/00—Characterised by the use of block copolymers containing at least one sequence of a polymer obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2353/02—Characterised by the use of block copolymers containing at least one sequence of a polymer obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Derivatives of such polymers of vinyl aromatic monomers and conjugated dienes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2367/00—Characterised by the use of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Derivatives of such polymers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2371/00—Characterised by the use of polyethers obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2371/02—Polyalkylene oxides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2377/00—Characterised by the use of polyamides obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic amide link in the main chain; Derivatives of such polymers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2377/00—Characterised by the use of polyamides obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic amide link in the main chain; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2377/06—Polyamides derived from polyamines and polycarboxylic acids
Abstract
本发明涉及一种由热塑性弹性体制备膨胀颗粒的方法,所述热塑性弹性体根据DIN EN ISO 527‑2测得的断裂伸长率大于100%,所述方法包括以下步骤:(a)将含推进剂的聚合物熔体通过温度控制在150℃至280℃下的带孔板(18)压入造粒室(26)中,(b)使用切割装置(20)将通过带孔板(18)压出的聚合物熔体粉碎成单个的膨胀性粒状晶粒,(c)利用液体流(36)将所述粒状晶粒从造粒室(26)排出,其中所述推进剂包含CO2或N2或CO2和N2的结合,且在含推进剂的聚合物熔体中推进剂的量为0.5至2.0重量%,并且其中有温度控制在5℃至90℃、具有的压力高于环境压力0.1bar至20bar的液体流过造粒室(26),其中选择造粒室(26)中液体的压力和温度以及带孔板(18)的温度以使所述粒状晶粒在加压液体中通过其含有的推进剂进行膨胀,以使膨胀的粒状晶粒具有封闭的表皮结果。
Description
本发明涉及一种由热塑性弹性体制备膨胀颗粒的方法,所述热塑性弹性体根据DIN EN ISO 527-2测得的断裂伸长率大于100%。根据DIN EN ISO 527-2测得的断裂伸长率大于100%的热塑性弹性体的膨胀颗粒具有弹性和摩擦特性,并因此可用于各种应用中。相应的膨胀颗粒的用途的实例包括可重复使用的体操垫、防身器(body protector)、汽车建筑物(automobile building)中的装饰元件、消声器和减震器、包装或鞋底。颗粒部分的高弹性和良好的均匀性对所有这些领域具有至关重要的意义。
发泡材料、特别是含珠粒泡沫的发泡材料早就已知且已广泛地记载在文献中,例如Ullmann的“Enzyklopadie der technischem Chemie”,第4版,第20卷,416页及之后的页中。
WO 2007/082838公开了一种制备含发泡剂的膨胀热塑性聚氨酯的方法。该方法的第一步包括将热塑性聚氨酯挤压成颗粒。该颗粒在第二步中在压力下用发泡剂的水悬浮液浸渍,并在第三步中膨胀。在该方法的另一实施方案中,将该热塑性聚氨酯与发泡剂一起在挤出机中熔化,然后将该熔体在不使用防发泡的装置的情况下造粒。挥发性有机化合物在经由挤出的生产过程中用作发泡剂。
EP-A 0 664 197公开了使用水作为发泡剂来制备膨胀的热塑性弹性体以尽力避免有机发泡剂。替代的通过使用二氧化碳和氮气作发泡剂从热塑性弹性体制备泡沫的方法例如已知于WO 2004/018551。另一种借助于WO 2004/018551中记载的泡沫制备方法来生产膨胀热塑性弹性体的方法也在WO 2007/044123中公开。
然而,现有技术的已知文献中没有一个公开所述方法还可用于制备具有连续表皮的膨胀颗粒。
使用挤出法制备TPU的膨胀颗粒允许连续化制备,并因此允许多种硬度的快速加工以及其他性能(例如所制备的膨胀珠粒的颜色)之间的快速转换。
然而,通过挤出直接制备膨胀颗粒存在的问题在于,在该过程中珠粒膨胀却没有形成连续的表皮并且膨胀的珠粒发生塌缩,而使其不能产生低堆积密度(bulk density)的珠粒。同样不利的是,所使用的发泡剂是易燃的,并因此始终存在爆炸的危险而难以处理。此外,制备的膨胀颗粒必须贮存直到使用的易燃发泡剂挥发后才能运出。
本发明的一个目的是提供一种由热塑性弹性体制备膨胀颗粒的方法,所述热塑性弹性体根据DIN EN ISO 527-2测得的断裂伸长率大于100%,所述膨胀颗粒具有连续表皮且没有现有技术已知的缺点。使用该方法制备的颗粒将具有均匀的形状、均匀的微孔结构和极低的堆积密度。同时,使用该方法将可获得大范围的各种密度。此外,应避免使用有机发泡剂。
该目的通过一种由热塑性弹性体制备膨胀颗粒的方法实现,所述热塑性弹性体根据DIN EN ISO 527-2测得的断裂伸长率大于100%,所述方法包括以下步骤:
(a)将含发泡剂的聚合物熔体挤压通过温度控制在150℃至280℃的带孔盘并压入造粒室中,
(b)使用切割装置将通过控温的带孔盘压出的聚合物熔体粉碎成单个的膨胀性颗粒,
(c)利用液体料流将颗粒从造粒室排出,
其中,所述发泡剂包含CO2或N2或CO2与N2的结合,且发泡剂在含发泡剂的聚合物熔体中的量为0.5至2.5重量%,并且其中在造粒室中有温度控制在5℃至90℃且压力高于环境压力0.1bar至20bar的液体料流穿过,选择造粒室中液体的压力和温度以及带孔盘的温度以使所述颗粒在加压液体中通过其含有的发泡剂而膨胀,从而制备具有连续表皮的膨胀颗粒。
出人意料地发现,没有如预期的那样在非常高的发泡剂的量下获得最低的堆积密度,而是发泡剂的量不多于2.5重量%、优选不多于2重量%且尤其不多于1.5重量%时会导致特别低的体积密度。当发泡剂的量小于0.5重量%时,堆积密度又会再增大。此处,各质量分数均基于其中含有发泡剂的聚合物熔体的总质量计。
使用的发泡剂的最佳量取决于使用的热塑性弹性体以及取决于发泡剂的组成,但总是在0.5至2.5重量%的范围内。
在所述方法的步骤(a)中,将与发泡剂和任选地其他掺合剂混合的聚合物熔体强行通过带孔盘。含发泡剂和任选地其他掺合剂的聚合物熔体的制备通常使用挤出机和/或熔体泵进行。这些装置也用于产生挤压聚合物熔体通过带孔盘所需的压力。当使用挤出机例如双螺杆挤出机时,聚合物首先被塑化并任选地与助剂混合。在混合过程中,将挤出机中的物料向控温的带孔盘方向传送。如果发泡剂没有在一开始与聚合物一起引入挤出机,则其可在聚合物在挤出机中移动了部分距离后加入聚合物中。发泡剂和聚合物随着它们移动通过挤出机中余下的距离而变得混合。在该过程中,熔体会被带至随后造粒所需的温度。将熔体挤压通过带孔盘所需的压力可通过例如熔体泵来施加。或者,所需的压力通过具有适合的几何结构的挤出机且特别是挤出机螺杆产生。造粒所需的压力和熔融所需的温度取决于使用的聚合物以及使用的助剂和使用的发泡剂,还进一步取决于组分间的混合比。聚合物熔体通过控温的带孔盘进入造粒室中。造粒室中有控温的液体料流穿过,所述液体料流的压力高于环境压力0.1bar至20bar。液体流过造粒室的压力优选高于环境压力0.1bar至5bar。
在造粒室中,使强制通过控温的带孔盘的聚合物成型为束,并通过切割装置将其粉碎成单个的膨胀性颗粒。切割装置可具体为例如快速旋转的叶片。所得颗粒的形状取决于带孔盘中开口的形状和大小,以及熔体强制通过带孔盘的孔的压力和切割装置的速度。优选地,选择强制压力、切割装置的速度和带孔盘的孔的尺寸以使颗粒的形状基本为球形或椭圆形。
在所述方法的最后一步中,颗粒通过流过造粒室的控温的液体而从造粒室中排出。选择控温的液体的压力和温度以使聚合物束/颗粒通过其所含有的发泡剂以受控的方式膨胀,并在颗粒表面形成连续的表皮。
颗粒与控温液体一起流入干燥器中,在其中颗粒与液体分离。将最终的膨胀颗粒收集在容器中,而将液体过滤并通过泵返回造粒室中。
在液体控温下的加压液体中造粒避免了含发泡剂的聚合物熔体经受不能形成连续表皮的不受控的膨胀。这种珠粒最初具有低堆积密度,但各自很快会再次塌陷。结果将成为高堆积密度和低弹性的不均匀珠粒。本发明的方法以受控的方式减缓了颗粒的膨胀,以制备具有连续表皮和在内部为多孔结构的结构化的颗粒,其中的孔尺寸在表面低而朝向中心增加。中心的孔的尺寸优选小于250μm。膨胀颗粒的堆积密度不大于250g/l。单个膨胀颗粒的最大膨胀优选为2至15mm、特别为5至12mm,而单个颗粒的质量为2至40mg、特别为5至35mg。
颗粒膨胀通过控制造粒室中控温的液体的压力和温度以及通过控制带孔盘的温度而进行监管。当颗粒膨胀得过快和/或以不受控的方式膨胀时,意味着没有形成连续的表皮,增加造粒室中液体的压力并降低造粒室中控温的液体的温度。颗粒周围的控温液体的压力增加抵消发泡剂的膨胀效应并减缓颗粒的膨胀。降低造粒室中控温液体的温度会导致在珠粒上形成更厚的表皮并因此提供更大的抗膨胀力。当相对于使用的发泡剂,控温的液体的压力过高或温度过低时,颗粒的膨胀会过度受阻或甚至全部停止,而使制备的颗粒堆积密度过高。在这种情况下,降低造粒室中控温的液体的压力和/或增加控温的液体的温度。
作为调节造粒室中控温的液体的压力和/或温度的补充或替代,颗粒的膨胀也可通过控温的带孔盘的温度来影响。降低控温的带孔盘的温度具有由聚合物熔体更快地向环境中释放热的效果。这促进了连续表皮的形成,这是稳定成型的发泡颗粒的先决条件。如果控温的带孔盘的温度和/或造粒室中的液体的温度太低,则聚合物熔体会在开始充分膨胀之前过快冷并固化。通过其含有的发泡剂的颗粒的膨胀严重受阻,以致形成具有过高堆积密度的颗粒。因此,在这种情况下,增加造粒室中控温的液体的温度和/或控温的带孔盘的温度。
根据本发明,造粒室中液体的温度优选为5℃至90℃,以便颗粒可进行受控的膨胀,其中形成连续的发泡表皮。液体的温度优选为10℃至60℃,且更优选为25℃至45℃。根据本发明,控温的带孔盘的温度优选为150℃至280℃,且更优选220℃至260℃。
带孔盘部分上过高的温度导致在珠粒的表面形成薄的表皮并导致随后表面的塌陷。带孔盘部分上过低的温度降低膨胀度并导致在珠粒上形成厚的未发泡的表面。
以本发明的方式制备膨胀颗粒的方法所使用的热塑性弹性体包括,例如:热塑性聚酯弹性体,如聚醚酯或聚酯酯;热塑性聚醚共聚酰胺,如聚醚共聚酰胺;或苯乙烯嵌段共聚物,如苯乙烯-丁二烯嵌段共聚物。
结果表明,对于热塑性聚酯弹性材料(例如聚醚酯和聚酯酯)和苯乙烯嵌段共聚物(例如苯乙烯-丁二烯嵌段共聚物)而言,当发泡剂的量多于0.5重量%且少于1.5重量%,以及流过造粒室的控温的液体的压力高于环境压力0.1至2bar时,可获得最低的密度。对于热塑性共聚酰胺(例如聚醚共聚酰胺)而言,发泡剂的量优选多于1.5重量%且少于2.5重量%,以及造粒室中的压力优选为高于环境压力5至20bar。
所述的热塑性聚醚酯和聚酯酯可根据任何普通文献的方法通过下述过程获得:4至20个碳原子的芳族和脂族二羧酸及其各自的酯与合适的脂族和芳族的二元醇和多元醇的酯化反应或酯交换反应。相应的制备方法记载在例如“Polymer Chemistry”,Interscience Publ.,New York,1961,第111-127页;Kunststoffhandbuch,卷VIII,C.Hanser Verlag,Munich 1973和Journal of Polymer Science,Part A1,4,第1851-1859页(1966)中。
有用的芳族二羧酸包括,例如:邻苯二甲酸、间苯二甲酸和对苯二甲酸或其各自的酯。有用的脂族二羧酸包括,例如:作为饱和二羧酸的1,4-环己烷二羧酸、己二酸、癸二酸、壬二酸和十二烷二酸,以及作为不饱和二羧酸的马来酸、富马酸、乌头酸、衣康酸、四氢化邻苯二甲酸和四氢化对苯二甲酸。
有用的二元醇组分包括例如通式HO-(CH2)n-OH的二元醇,其中n为2至20的整数。有用的二元醇包括,例如乙二醇、1,3-丙二醇、1,4-丁二醇或1,6-己二醇。
可酯交换成热塑性聚醚酯的聚醚醇优选为通式HO-(CH2)n-O-(CH2)m-OH的那些,其中n和m各自独立地为2至20的整数,且n和m可相同或不同。
可用于制备聚醚酯的不饱和二元醇和聚醚醇包括,例如1,4-丁烯二醇以及含芳族单元的聚醚醇和二元醇。
除了所述的羧酸及其酯以及所述的醇外,这些类化合物的任何其他通常有代表性的化合物均可用于提供在本发明中使用的聚醚酯和聚酯酯。嵌段共聚物的硬质相通常由芳族二羧酸和短链二元醇形成,而软质相由预制的分子量Mw为500至3000g/mol的脂族二官能的聚酯形成。所述硬质相和软质相还可通过反应性接合物例如与末端醇基反应的二异氰酸酯连接。
可用于本发明方法的热塑性聚醚酰胺还可根据任何已知的文献方法通过胺与羧酸或其酯的反应获得。这种情况下的胺和/或羧酸还包含R-O-R型的醚单元,其中R为脂族或芳族的有机基团。一般而言,使用的单体选自以下种类的化合物:
-HOOC-R’-NH2,其中R’可为芳族或脂族的且优选包含R-O-R型的醚单元。其中R为脂族或芳族的有机基团,
-芳族二羧酸,例如邻苯二甲酸、间苯二甲酸和对苯二甲酸或其酯,以及含R-O-R型醚单元的芳族二羧酸,其中R为脂族或芳族的有机基团,
-脂族二羧酸,例如作为饱和二羧酸的1,4-环己烷二羧酸、己二酸、癸二酸、壬二酸和十二烷二酸,以及作为不饱和二羧酸的马来酸、富马酸、乌头酸、衣康酸、四氢化邻苯二甲酸和四氢化对苯二甲酸,以及含R-O-R型醚单元的脂族二羧酸,其中R为脂族和/或芳族的有机基团,
-通式H2N-R”-NH2的二元胺,其中R”可为芳族和脂族且优选包含R-O-R型的醚单元,并且R为脂族和/或芳族的有机基团,
-内酰胺,例如ε-己内酰胺、吡咯烷酮或十二内酰胺,以及
-氨基酸。
除所述的羧酸及其酯以及所述的胺、内酰胺和氨基酸外,这些类的化合物的任何其他通常有代表性的化合物均可用于提供在本发明中使用的聚醚胺。还已知的是聚四氢呋喃和酰胺合成纤维的混合产物,其也可使用。
根据本发明使用的嵌段共聚物结构的热塑性弹性体优选包含乙烯基芳族、丁二烯和异戊二烯以及聚烯烃和乙烯基单元,例如乙烯、丙烯和乙酸乙烯酯单元。优选苯乙烯-丁二烯共聚物。
根据本发明使用的热塑性弹性材料优选具有的肖氏硬度为A40至D80。特别优选的肖氏硬度为A44至D60,特别为A65至A99。特别优选的肖氏硬度为A65至A96。肖氏硬度根据DIN 53505测定。根据本发明使用的热塑性弹性体的熔点优选低于300℃,更优选不高于250℃,且尤其是不高于220℃。根据DIN EN ISO 527-2测定的本发明的热塑性弹性体的断裂伸长率大于100%,优选大于200%,进一步优选大于300%,且特别大于400%。而且,断裂伸长率优选为最大1000%,特别地为最大800%。
根据本发明使用的热塑性弹性体可为无定形的或部分结晶的。
使用本发明方法获得的膨胀颗粒可包含有效量的其他掺合剂,例如染料、颜料、填料、阻燃剂、阻燃增效剂、抗静电剂、稳定剂、表面活性物质、增塑剂和红外遮光剂。
用于降低辐射所致热传导的合适的红外遮光剂包括,例如:金属氧化物、非金属氧化物、金属粉(例如铝粉)、碳(例如炭黑、石墨或金刚石)或有机染料和颜料染料。红外遮光剂的使用特别有利于在高温下的应用。特别优选将炭黑、二氧化钛、铁氧化物或二氧化锆用作红外遮光剂。上述材料不仅可单独使用,也可以组合即以两种以上材料的混合物的形式使用。任何填料可为有机和/或无机的。
当含填料时,这些填料为例如有机和无机粉末或纤维材料及其混合物。有用的有机填料包括,例如木粉、淀粉、亚麻纤维、大麻纤维、苎麻纤维、黄麻纤维、剑麻纤维、棉纤维、纤维素纤维或芳族聚酰胺纤维。有用的无机填料包括,例如硅酸盐、重晶石、玻璃球、沸石、金属或金属氧化物。特别优选使用粉状的无机物,例如白垩、高岭土、氢氧化铝、氢氧化镁、亚硝酸铝、硅酸铝、硫酸钡、碳酸钙、硫酸钙、硅石、粉末石英、硅胶、粘土(argillaceousearth)、云母或硅灰石;或球状或纤维状的无机物,例如铁粉、玻璃球、玻璃纤维或碳纤维。平均粒径或在纤维填料情况下的纤维的长度应在所述孔尺寸的范围内或更小。优选平均粒径或平均纤维长度在0.1至100μm且特别在1至50μm的范围内。优选这样的可膨胀热塑性弹性体:其包含发泡剂以及基于含发泡剂的体系的总重计5至80重量%的有机和/或无机填料。
包含在热塑性模塑组合物中的有用的表面活性物质包括例如用于增加起始物料的均化且还可调节孔结构的化合物。合适的表面活性物质包括,例如:乳化剂,例如蓖麻油硫酸酯的钠盐或脂肪酸的钠盐,以及脂肪酸与胺(例如油酸二乙胺、硬脂酸二乙醇胺、蓖麻酸二乙醇胺)的盐、磺酸的盐(例如十二烷基苯二磺酸或二萘基甲烷二磺酸和蓖麻油酸的碱金属盐或铵盐);泡沫稳定剂,例如硅氧烷-氧化烯互聚物和其他有机硅氧烷、乙氧基化的烷基酚、乙氧基化的脂肪醇、石蜡油、蓖麻油酯或蓖麻油酸酯、土耳其红油和花生油;和泡孔调节剂,例如石蜡、脂肪醇和二甲基聚硅氧烷。具有聚氧化烯和氟代烷部分作为侧基的低聚聚丙烯酸酯还可用于改善乳化作用、其孔结构和/或稳定性。表面活性物质通常以0.01至5重量%的量使用,基于含发泡剂的体系的总重计。
合适的阻燃剂包括,例如磷酸三甲苯酯、磷酸三(2-氯乙基)酯、磷酸三(2-氯丙基)酯、磷酸三(1,3-二氯丙基)酯、磷酸三(2,3-二溴丙基)酯和二磷酸四(2-氯乙基)亚乙基酯。除已提及的卤素取代的磷酸酯外,还可用于赋予所制备的发泡的热塑性弹性体阻燃性的有:含红磷、氧化铝水合物、三氧化锑、三氧化二砷、多磷酸铵和硫酸钙的无机阻燃剂,或氰尿酸衍生物(例如三聚氰胺),或至少两种阻燃剂的混合物(例如磷酸铵和三聚氰胺),以及任选的淀粉和/或可膨胀石墨。普遍认为是有利的是,使用0至50重量%且优选5至25重量%的阻燃剂或阻燃剂混合物,基于含发泡剂的体系的总重计。
在聚合物熔体被压入造粒室之前,将其与发泡剂CO2或CO2与N2的混合物混合。还可向聚合物熔体中加入助发泡剂。有用的助发泡剂包括:烷烃,例如乙烷、丙烷、丁烷、戊烷;醇,例如乙醇、异丙醇;卤代烃或CFC;或它们的混合物。单独使用CO2或CO2与N2的混合物作为发泡剂是特别有利的,这是因为它们是惰性气体,不易燃,所以在生产中不会产生潜在的爆炸性气氛。这使得加强安全预防措施上的成本是不必要的且大大地降低了制备过程中的潜在危险。同样有利的是,产物不必进行贮存以使易燃性挥发气体在运出前溢出。
此外在向含发泡剂的聚合物熔体中加入一种或多种成核剂后还产生了其他优点。有用的成核剂特别包括下述物质各自单独的形式或其任意混合物的形式:滑石、氟化钙、苯基次膦酸钠、氧化铝、炭黑、石墨、颜料和细碎的聚四氟乙烯。特别优选将滑石用作成核剂。基于热塑性模塑组合物或聚合物熔体总质量计的成核剂的比例优选为0至4重量%,且尤其为0.1至2重量%。
本发明现在将结合附图作更详细地描述。该仅有的附图示出了用于使聚合物熔体造粒的装置的示意图。
图1示出了用于由含发泡剂的聚合物熔体制备膨胀颗粒的装置的示意图。将起始聚合物通过进料斗14引入挤出机10。挤出机10配置为例如双螺杆挤出机并通过电动机12提供动力。进料斗14还可用于添加助剂例如染料或成核剂。引入的原材料在挤出机中熔化并塑炼。在这个过程中,材料沿着带孔盘18的方向转移。
在图1描述的实施方案中,熔体泵16位于带孔盘18的上游以向熔体施加压力。压力根据所使用的发泡剂的类型和量的变化进行选择。发泡剂通过进料斗14和熔体泵16之间挤出机10上的添加点40引入聚合物熔体中。在所描述的实施方案中,发泡剂添加点40被设置成使发泡剂仅在全部聚合物熔化之后加入。引入的发泡剂在挤出机中余下距离的过程中变得掺入熔体。二氧化碳和氮气的混合物是合适的发泡剂的实例。
熔体泵16有助于强制熔体通过带孔盘18并进入造粒室26中。液体料流穿过造粒室,液体料流的压力高于环境压力。箭头36指示了流动方向。在造粒室26内,旋转叶片24置于造粒装置20中。旋转叶片24由发动机22驱动。聚合物熔体从带孔盘18中以多股被旋转叶片24切碎的膨胀聚合物束的形式排出。在该过程中制备了单个的膨胀性颗粒。选择强制压力以及切割装置的速率以使颗粒的形状基本上为球形。
在控温的液体中的颗粒通过其所含有的发泡剂膨胀,并选择控温的液体和控温的带孔盘的温度以及控温的液体的压力以使膨胀颗粒具有连续的发泡表皮。控温的液体料流将所得的膨胀性/膨胀的颗粒从造粒室26排出,并通过循环管线38将其供给至干燥器30中。在干燥器30中,将膨胀颗粒与控温的液体分离并干燥,再通过产物出口32送至收集容器34中。已移除颗粒的控温的液体继续通过循环管线38流至循环泵28中,其中对控温的液体进行过滤、控温并加压。从循环泵28中控温的液体流回造粒室26中。
实施例
向具有的直径为18mm且长径比为40的双螺杆挤出机中充入99.5重量份的热塑性弹性体(TPE)和0.5重量份的滑石。将热塑性弹性体在双螺杆挤出机的熔化区中熔化并与滑石混合。在热塑性弹性体熔化并混合滑石后,加入CO2或实施例6中的CO2和N2的混合物作为发泡剂。添加的发泡剂的量各自列于实施例的表中。在通过挤出机余下的距离的过程中,发泡剂和聚合物熔体变得彼此混合以形成均匀的混合物。通过含有TPE、滑石和发泡剂的挤出机的总生产量为3.5kg/h。
在实施例1至5中,设置了以下的工艺参数:取决于所使用的TPE,挤出机中熔化区和在滑石混入TPU的过程中的温度在230℃和220℃之间。将注射部位的挤出机壳体的温度降至205℃至220℃,随后的壳体温度降至200℃至220℃。将全部其他的壳体部件直至挤出机末端以及熔体泵维持在200℃至220℃。熔体泵在挤出机末端产生90bar的压力。将启动阀的温度设置为210℃或220℃,并将带孔盘通过电加热的方式加热至目标温度250℃。
在实施例6中,设置了以下的工艺参数:挤出机内的温度均匀地设置为180℃直到启动阀,并且带孔盘通过电加热的方式加热至目标温度250℃。熔体泵在挤出机末端产生90bar的压力。
在全部实施例中,将TPE、滑石和发泡剂的混合物挤压通过具有直径为1mm的孔的带孔盘,并在下游的穿过水的造粒室中通过10个连接到叶片环上的旋转叶片切碎。在实施例1至5中造粒室中的压力为1bar,而在实施例6中造粒室中的压力被设置为10至15bar。将控温的介质维持在恒定的30℃。该混合物在其存在于造粒室的过程中膨胀。在该过程中制备了具有的平均尺寸为约2mm且重量为约2mg的珠粒。为了确定堆积密度,在100ml容器中装满膨胀珠粒并称重至精确度为±5g/l。所有实施例中制备的颗粒均具有连续的表皮。
以下实施例对结果进行了汇总。
实施例1
所用的TPE为基于聚四氢呋喃(聚-THF)和聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯(PBT)的聚醚酯,并且其具有的断裂伸长率大于500%,肖氏硬度为90A,且熔化范围为175℃至190℃。该TPE通过上述方法进行加工,并且堆积密度按照上述方法来确定。对应于所添加的发泡剂的具体比例的堆积密度列于表1中。
表1
实施例2
所用的TPE为基于1,4-苯二羧酸、二甲基酯、1,4-丁二醇和α-氢-ω-羟基聚(氧-1,4-丁二基)的聚酯酯,并且其具有的断裂伸长率大于700%,肖氏硬度为96A,且熔化范围为200℃至220℃,例如作为P-70B从Toyobo Co,Ltd.获得。将该TPE通过上述方法进行加工,并且堆积密度按照上述方法来确定。对应于所添加的发泡剂的具体比例的堆积密度列于表2中。
表2
实施例 | CO<sub>2</sub>(重量%) | 堆积密度(g/l) |
2.1 | 0.5 | 340 |
2.2 | 0.75 | 267 |
2.3 | 1.0 | 202 |
2.4 | 1.25 | 153 |
2.5 | 1.5 | 257 |
2.6 | 1.75 | 393 |
2.7 | 2 | 372 |
2.8 | 2.5 | 379 |
实施例3
所用的TPE为具有热塑性弹性体性能的苯乙烯-丁二烯嵌段共聚物(SBC)(S-TPE,断裂伸长率大于300%,肖氏硬度为84A,MVR(熔体体积速率)(200℃/5kg)=14cm3/10min),例如作为2G66从Styrolution可获得。将该TPE通过上述方法进行加工,并且堆积密度按照上述方法来确定。对应于所添加的发泡剂的具体比例的堆积密度列于表3中。
表3
实施例4
所用的TPE为具有聚醚软链段的聚醚酯,其具有的断裂伸长率大于450%,肖氏硬度为38D,以及MVR(190℃/2.16kg)=28cm3/10min,例如作为PL380从DSM可获得。将该TPE通过上述方法进行加工,并且堆积密度按照上述方法来确定。对应于所添加的发泡剂的具体比例的堆积密度列于表4中。
表4
实施例 | CO<sub>2</sub>(重量%) | 堆积密度(g/l) |
4.1 | 0.5 | 289 |
4.2 | 0.75 | 192 |
4.3 | 1.0 | 183 |
4.4 | 1.25 | 169 |
4.5 | 1.5 | 257 |
4.6 | 1.75 | 278 |
4.7 | 2 | 275 |
4.8 | 2.5 | 281 |
实施例5
所用的TPE为基于硬质(结晶的)聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯链段和软质(非结晶的)衍生自长链聚醚多元醇的单元的聚醚酯,其具有的断裂伸长率大于700%,肖氏硬度为30D,MFR质量流率(190℃/2.16kg)=5g/10min,例如作为3078从DuPont可获得。将该TPE通过上述方法进行加工,并且堆积密度按照上述方法来确定。对应于所添加的发泡剂的具体比例的堆积密度列于表5中。
表5
实施例 | CO<sub>2</sub>(重量%) | 堆积密度(g/l) |
5.1 | 0.5 | 273 |
5.2 | 0.75 | 204 |
5.3 | 1.0 | 175 |
5.4 | 1.25 | 214 |
5.5 | 1.5 | 265 |
5.6 | 1.75 | 299 |
5.7 | 2 | 287 |
5.8 | 2.5 | 284 |
实施例6
所用的TPE为基于弹性聚醚单元和结晶聚酰胺单元的聚醚共聚酰胺,其具有的断裂伸长率大于750%,肖氏硬度为27D,以及根据ISO11357的熔点为134℃,例如作为2533SD 02从Arkema可获得。将该TPE通过上述方法进行加工,并且堆积密度按照上述方法来确定。对应于发泡剂的具体比例的堆积密度和流过造粒室的控温的液体的不同压力列于表6中。
表6
附图标记列表:
10 挤出机
12 发动机
14 进料斗
16 熔体泵
18 带孔盘
20 造粒装置
22 发动机
24 叶片
26 造粒室
28 循环泵
30 干燥器
32 产物出口
34 收集容器
36 流动方向
38 循环管线
40 发泡剂添加点
Claims (9)
1.一种由热塑性弹性体制备膨胀颗粒的方法,所述热塑性弹性体根据DIN EN ISO527-2测得的断裂伸长率大于100%,所述方法包括以下步骤:
(a)将含发泡剂的聚合物熔体挤压通过温度控制在150℃至280℃的带孔盘(18)并压入造粒室(26)中,
(b)使用切割装置(20)将通过带孔盘(18)压出的聚合物熔体粉碎成单个的膨胀性颗粒,
(c)利用液体料流(36)将所述颗粒从造粒室(26)排出,
其中,所述发泡剂包含CO2或N2或CO2和N2的结合,且发泡剂在含发泡剂的聚合物熔体中的量为0.5至2.5重量%,并且其中在造粒室(26)中有温度控制在5℃至90℃且压力高于环境压力0.1bar至20bar的液体料流穿过,选择造粒室(26)中液体的压力和温度以及带孔盘(18)的温度以使所述颗粒在加压液体中通过其含有的发泡剂而膨胀,以制备具有连续表皮的膨胀颗粒,其中所述聚合物熔体包含基于聚醚酰胺、聚醚酯、聚酯酯或苯乙烯-丁二烯嵌段共聚物的热塑性弹性体。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中所述热塑性弹性体具有的断裂伸长率根据DIN ENISO 527-2测定为大于200%。
3.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中所述颗粒的聚合物具有的肖氏硬度根据DIN 53505测定为在A65至A99的范围内。
4.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中当所述颗粒经受不能产生连续表皮的不受控制的膨胀时,降低造粒室(26)中液体的温度;而当所述颗粒不膨胀或膨胀不充分时,升高造粒室(26)中液体的温度。
5.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中当所述颗粒经受不能产生连续表皮的不受控制的膨胀时,降低带孔盘(18)的温度;而当所述颗粒不膨胀或膨胀不充分时,升高带孔盘(18)的温度。
6.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中含发泡剂的聚合物熔体包含成核剂。
7.根据权利要求6所述的方法,其中所述成核剂的尺寸为0.01μm至100μm,并且选自:滑石、氟化钙、苯基次膦酸钠、氧化铝、炭黑、石墨、颜料、细碎的聚四氟乙烯或其混合物。
8.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中所述发泡剂包含助发泡剂,并且所述助发泡剂选自:烷烃、醇、卤代烃或其混合物。
9.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中选择造粒室的内压和温度以使所述膨胀颗粒的堆积密度不大于250g/l。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP13171855.3 | 2013-06-13 | ||
EP13171855 | 2013-06-13 | ||
PCT/EP2014/062144 WO2014198779A1 (de) | 2013-06-13 | 2014-06-11 | Verfahren zur herstellung von expandiertem granulat |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN105452355A CN105452355A (zh) | 2016-03-30 |
CN105452355B true CN105452355B (zh) | 2019-02-01 |
Family
ID=48578948
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN201480044630.7A Active CN105452355B (zh) | 2013-06-13 | 2014-06-11 | 膨胀颗粒的制备 |
Country Status (10)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US10279516B2 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP3008122B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP6386543B2 (zh) |
KR (1) | KR102217486B1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN105452355B (zh) |
BR (1) | BR112015031074B8 (zh) |
ES (1) | ES2646539T3 (zh) |
PL (1) | PL3008122T3 (zh) |
TW (1) | TWI624344B (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2014198779A1 (zh) |
Families Citing this family (73)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2013153190A1 (de) * | 2012-04-13 | 2013-10-17 | Basf Se | Verfahren zur herstellung von expandiertem granulat |
DE102012206094B4 (de) | 2012-04-13 | 2019-12-05 | Adidas Ag | Sohlen für Sportschuhe, Schuhe und Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Schuhsohle |
DE102013202291B4 (de) | 2013-02-13 | 2020-06-18 | Adidas Ag | Dämpfungselement für Sportbekleidung und Schuh mit einem solchen Dämpfungselement |
US9930928B2 (en) | 2013-02-13 | 2018-04-03 | Adidas Ag | Sole for a shoe |
DE102013002519B4 (de) | 2013-02-13 | 2016-08-18 | Adidas Ag | Herstellungsverfahren für Dämpfungselemente für Sportbekleidung |
US9610746B2 (en) | 2013-02-13 | 2017-04-04 | Adidas Ag | Methods for manufacturing cushioning elements for sports apparel |
DE102013202306B4 (de) | 2013-02-13 | 2014-12-18 | Adidas Ag | Sohle für einen Schuh |
USD776410S1 (en) | 2013-04-12 | 2017-01-17 | Adidas Ag | Shoe |
PL3008122T3 (pl) | 2013-06-13 | 2018-01-31 | Basf Se | Sposób wytwarzania spienionego granulatu |
JP6759106B2 (ja) | 2014-04-30 | 2020-09-23 | ビーエーエスエフ ソシエタス・ヨーロピアBasf Se | ポリウレタンコーティングを有するポリウレタンビーズフォーム |
DE102014215897B4 (de) | 2014-08-11 | 2016-12-22 | Adidas Ag | adistar boost |
DE102014216115B4 (de) | 2014-08-13 | 2022-03-31 | Adidas Ag | Gemeinsam gegossene 3D Elemente |
DE102014216992A1 (de) | 2014-08-26 | 2016-03-03 | Adidas Ag | Expandierte Polymerpellets |
DE202014007186U1 (de) * | 2014-09-09 | 2015-08-27 | Kolthoff Gabrovo Eood | Werkzeug zur Oberflächenfeinbearbeitung |
EP3202835B2 (en) | 2014-09-30 | 2023-05-17 | Sekisui Plastics Co., Ltd. | Amide elastomer foam particles, method for producing same, foam molded body and method for producing foam molded body |
DE102015202013B4 (de) | 2015-02-05 | 2019-05-09 | Adidas Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Kunststoffformteils, Kunststoffformteil und Schuh |
KR20170129204A (ko) | 2015-03-13 | 2017-11-24 | 바스프 에스이 | 열가소성 엘라스토머를 기초로 하는 전기 전도성 입자 폼 |
JP6907133B2 (ja) | 2015-03-13 | 2021-07-21 | ビーエイエスエフ・ソシエタス・エウロパエアBasf Se | 熱可塑性エラストマーに基づく粒子フォームをマイクロ波を使用した熱的結合により製造するための方法 |
JP6679363B2 (ja) | 2015-03-23 | 2020-04-15 | アディダス アーゲー | ソールおよびシューズ |
JP6366535B2 (ja) * | 2015-03-31 | 2018-08-01 | 積水化成品工業株式会社 | アミド系エラストマー発泡粒子、その製造方法及び発泡成形体 |
DE102015206486B4 (de) | 2015-04-10 | 2023-06-01 | Adidas Ag | Schuh, insbesondere Sportschuh, und Verfahren zur Herstellung desselben |
DE102015206900B4 (de) | 2015-04-16 | 2023-07-27 | Adidas Ag | Sportschuh |
DE102015209334A1 (de) * | 2015-05-21 | 2016-11-24 | Ssw Pearlfoam Gmbh | Granulat, Verfahren und Vorrichtung zu dessen Herstellung |
DE102015209795B4 (de) | 2015-05-28 | 2024-03-21 | Adidas Ag | Ball und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung |
USD783264S1 (en) | 2015-09-15 | 2017-04-11 | Adidas Ag | Shoe |
CN108779230B (zh) | 2016-03-21 | 2021-10-01 | 巴斯夫欧洲公司 | 交联聚氨酯 |
DE102016209045B4 (de) | 2016-05-24 | 2022-05-25 | Adidas Ag | Verfahren und vorrichtung zum automatischen herstellen von schuhsohlen, sohlen und schuhe |
DE102016209046B4 (de) | 2016-05-24 | 2019-08-08 | Adidas Ag | Verfahren zur herstellung einer schuhsohle, schuhsohle, schuh und vorgefertigte tpu-gegenstände |
DE102016209044B4 (de) | 2016-05-24 | 2019-08-29 | Adidas Ag | Sohlenform zum Herstellen einer Sohle und Anordnung einer Vielzahl von Sohlenformen |
BR112018076228A2 (pt) * | 2016-06-23 | 2019-03-26 | Basf Se | processo para a produção de partículas de espuma, partículas de espuma e moldagem de espuma |
JP6227202B1 (ja) * | 2016-07-13 | 2017-11-08 | 積水化成品工業株式会社 | エステル系エラストマー発泡成形体、その用途及びエステル系エラストマー発泡粒子 |
EP3486278B1 (en) * | 2016-07-13 | 2021-04-21 | Sekisui Kasei Co., Ltd. | Molded foam of ester-based elastomer, uses thereof, and expanded beads of ester-based elastomer |
USD840136S1 (en) | 2016-08-03 | 2019-02-12 | Adidas Ag | Shoe midsole |
USD840137S1 (en) | 2016-08-03 | 2019-02-12 | Adidas Ag | Shoe midsole |
EP3497155A1 (de) | 2016-08-08 | 2019-06-19 | Basf Se | Verfahren zur herstellung von expandiertem granulat |
USD852475S1 (en) | 2016-08-17 | 2019-07-02 | Adidas Ag | Shoe |
JP1582717S (zh) | 2016-09-02 | 2017-07-31 | ||
EP3535316A1 (de) | 2016-11-04 | 2019-09-11 | Basf Se | Partikelschaumstoffe auf basis von expandierten thermoplastischen elastomeren |
EP3538578A1 (de) * | 2016-11-14 | 2019-09-18 | Basf Se | Expandierte thermoplastische polyurethanpartikel, verfahren zu deren herstellung sowie verfahren zur herstellung eines formteils |
DE102016223980B4 (de) | 2016-12-01 | 2022-09-22 | Adidas Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Kunststoffformteils |
JP2020507649A (ja) | 2017-02-13 | 2020-03-12 | ビーエーエスエフ ソシエタス・ヨーロピアBasf Se | 熱可塑性ポリウレタン |
CN110291126A (zh) | 2017-02-13 | 2019-09-27 | 巴斯夫欧洲公司 | 热塑性聚氨酯 |
DE102017205830B4 (de) | 2017-04-05 | 2020-09-24 | Adidas Ag | Verfahren für die Nachbehandlung einer Vielzahl einzelner expandierter Partikel für die Herstellung mindestens eines Teils eines gegossenen Sportartikels, Sportartikel und Sportschuh |
CN110325485A (zh) * | 2017-04-18 | 2019-10-11 | 宾德股份公司 | 用于制备膨胀粒料的方法和设备 |
ES2878295T3 (es) | 2017-06-26 | 2021-11-18 | Basf Se | Poliuretano termoplástico |
WO2019016313A1 (de) | 2017-07-20 | 2019-01-24 | Basf Se | Thermoplastisches polyurethan |
CN107298847B (zh) * | 2017-08-04 | 2019-01-18 | 南通德亿新材料有限公司 | 一种热塑性微气囊聚合物弹性体材料及其制备方法 |
CN107446343B (zh) * | 2017-08-04 | 2019-03-08 | 南通德亿新材料有限公司 | 一种可降解防污热塑性微气囊聚合物弹性体材料及其制备 |
EP3683262B1 (en) | 2017-09-11 | 2022-08-03 | Sekisui Plastics Co., Ltd. | Thermoplastic elastomer composition, foam particle, and foam molded body |
JP1617832S (zh) | 2017-09-21 | 2018-11-12 | ||
JP6380638B1 (ja) * | 2017-09-27 | 2018-08-29 | 東洋紡株式会社 | 熱可塑性ポリエステルエラストマー樹脂組成物およびその発泡成形体 |
JP7051654B2 (ja) * | 2017-09-29 | 2022-04-11 | 積水化成品工業株式会社 | ワックス含有発泡粒子、発泡成形体及びそれらの製造方法 |
USD899061S1 (en) | 2017-10-05 | 2020-10-20 | Adidas Ag | Shoe |
CN107629448B (zh) * | 2017-10-31 | 2020-12-15 | 常州市顺祥新材料科技股份有限公司 | 一种具有沙袋结构嵌段聚醚酰胺发泡粒子的制备方法 |
US20190126580A1 (en) | 2017-10-31 | 2019-05-02 | Saucony, Inc. | Method and apparatus for manufacturing footwear soles |
CA3083335A1 (en) | 2017-12-14 | 2019-06-20 | Basf Se | Method for preparing a thermoplastic polyurethane having a low glass transition temperature |
US11945904B2 (en) | 2017-12-20 | 2024-04-02 | Basf Se | Flexible polyurethane foams |
EP3762437B1 (en) | 2018-03-06 | 2022-04-13 | Basf Se | A preparation comprising thermoplastic polyisocyanate polyaddition product, a process for preparing the same and use thereof |
US11406159B2 (en) | 2018-05-21 | 2022-08-09 | Saucony, Inc. | Method and apparatus for manufacturing footwear soles |
US11845845B2 (en) | 2018-07-18 | 2023-12-19 | Basf Se | Foam material particles based on long-chain polyamides |
FR3093726B1 (fr) * | 2019-03-15 | 2021-10-01 | Arkema France | Procédé de fabrication d’une mousse de copolymère à blocs polyamides et à blocs polyéthers |
US11298892B2 (en) | 2019-07-01 | 2022-04-12 | The Boeing Company | Expandable tooling systems and methods |
WO2021032528A1 (en) | 2019-08-21 | 2021-02-25 | Basf Se | A preparation comprising thermoplastic polyisocyanate polyaddition product, a process for preparing the same and the use thereof |
CN114269856B (zh) | 2019-09-17 | 2024-01-16 | 巴斯夫欧洲公司 | 高结晶度聚酰胺泡沫颗粒和泡沫模制品 |
US11872776B2 (en) * | 2019-12-19 | 2024-01-16 | The Boeing Company | Methods for recovering expanded polymer tooling |
CN111376503B (zh) * | 2020-02-24 | 2021-09-28 | 中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所 | 一种加快弹性体发泡材料体积回复的方法 |
CN111331770B (zh) * | 2020-03-04 | 2021-12-03 | 山东大学 | 一种基于碳材料改性的发泡注塑制备热塑性弹性体类柔性泡沫制品及制备方法、成型系统 |
EP3925751A1 (en) | 2020-06-18 | 2021-12-22 | Basf Se | Process for continuously producing expanded foam particles |
WO2022162048A1 (de) | 2021-01-28 | 2022-08-04 | Basf Se | Partikelschaum aus tpe mit einer shorehärte zwischen 20d und 90d |
FR3119396B1 (fr) | 2021-02-01 | 2024-04-19 | Arkema France | Copolymère à blocs polyamides et à blocs polyéthers pour la fabrication d’un article moussé |
EP4083122B1 (de) | 2021-04-30 | 2024-02-14 | LANXESS Deutschland GmbH | Polymerschaumpartikel und verfahren zur herstellung derselben auf der basis von polybutylenterephthalat |
CN113621249B (zh) * | 2021-08-24 | 2022-07-26 | 浙江鼎富橡塑科技有限公司 | 一种防异响的tpe防尘套及其生产工艺 |
CN113635481A (zh) * | 2021-09-01 | 2021-11-12 | 东营益美得化工有限公司 | 一种dop脱醇脱水回收利用设备 |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN101370861A (zh) * | 2006-01-18 | 2009-02-18 | 巴斯夫欧洲公司 | 基于热塑性聚氨酯的泡沫 |
WO2010130706A2 (de) * | 2009-05-11 | 2010-11-18 | Basf Se | Hybridschaum |
CN104364304A (zh) * | 2012-04-13 | 2015-02-18 | 巴斯夫欧洲公司 | 膨化颗粒的制备 |
Family Cites Families (18)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH05117438A (ja) * | 1991-10-30 | 1993-05-14 | Sekisui Chem Co Ltd | 熱可塑性樹脂の発泡粒子の製造方法 |
US5234963A (en) * | 1992-05-13 | 1993-08-10 | Gaia Research | Production of encapsulated chemical foaming concentrates |
DE4401432C1 (de) | 1994-01-19 | 1995-06-22 | Berstorff Gmbh Masch Hermann | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen eines TPE-Schaumprofiles für die Bau- und Kfz.-Industrie |
ITMI20012706A1 (it) * | 2001-12-20 | 2003-06-20 | Enichem Spa | Procedimento per la produzione di granuli di polimeri termoplastici espandibili ed apparecchiatura adatta allo scopo |
US20040038018A1 (en) | 2002-08-22 | 2004-02-26 | Trexel, Inc. | Thermoplastic elastomeric foam materials and methods of forming the same |
JP4059178B2 (ja) * | 2003-09-22 | 2008-03-12 | 豊田合成株式会社 | ゴムの成形加工方法およびゴムの成形加工装置 |
DE102005015891A1 (de) | 2005-04-06 | 2006-10-12 | Basf Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Polystyrolschaumpartikeln hoher Dichte |
US7319121B2 (en) | 2005-10-07 | 2008-01-15 | Advanced Elestomer Systems, Inc. | Microcellular foams of thermoplastic vulcanizates |
CN101484304B (zh) * | 2005-11-28 | 2013-04-24 | 卡拉工业公司 | 受控的制粒加工设备和方法 |
PL1998948T3 (pl) | 2006-03-22 | 2011-04-29 | Basf Se | Sposób i urządzenie do granulacji stopów polimerowych zawierających porofor |
DK2254937T3 (da) * | 2008-03-13 | 2012-12-17 | Basf Se | Elastisk partikelskumplast på basis af polyolefin/styren-polymer blandinger |
JP5632459B2 (ja) * | 2009-05-15 | 2014-11-26 | バーゼル・ポリオレフィン・イタリア・ソチエタ・ア・レスポンサビリタ・リミタータ | ポリマーペレットの非付着処理方法及びこの方法に用いる遠心脱水機 |
CN102471516B (zh) * | 2009-06-26 | 2014-03-05 | 株式会社Jsp | 聚丙烯系树脂发泡颗粒和发泡颗粒成型体 |
US9212270B2 (en) * | 2010-01-14 | 2015-12-15 | Basf Se | Method for producing expandable granulates containing polylactic acid |
JP5603629B2 (ja) * | 2010-03-26 | 2014-10-08 | 積水化成品工業株式会社 | 熱可塑性樹脂予備発泡粒子の製造方法、熱可塑性樹脂発泡成形体の製造方法 |
US8633283B2 (en) | 2010-06-15 | 2014-01-21 | Basf Se | Process for producing blends made of polylactides (PLAS) and of thermoplastic polyurethanes (TPUS) |
EP2452968A1 (de) * | 2010-11-11 | 2012-05-16 | Basf Se | Verfahren zur Herstellung von expandierbaren thermoplastischen Partikeln mit Verbesserter Expandierbarkeit |
PL3008122T3 (pl) | 2013-06-13 | 2018-01-31 | Basf Se | Sposób wytwarzania spienionego granulatu |
-
2014
- 2014-06-11 PL PL14729348T patent/PL3008122T3/pl unknown
- 2014-06-11 CN CN201480044630.7A patent/CN105452355B/zh active Active
- 2014-06-11 BR BR112015031074A patent/BR112015031074B8/pt active IP Right Grant
- 2014-06-11 KR KR1020167000961A patent/KR102217486B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2014-06-11 ES ES14729348.4T patent/ES2646539T3/es active Active
- 2014-06-11 US US14/897,746 patent/US10279516B2/en active Active
- 2014-06-11 WO PCT/EP2014/062144 patent/WO2014198779A1/de active Application Filing
- 2014-06-11 EP EP14729348.4A patent/EP3008122B1/de active Active
- 2014-06-11 JP JP2016518996A patent/JP6386543B2/ja active Active
- 2014-06-12 TW TW103120275A patent/TWI624344B/zh active
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN101370861A (zh) * | 2006-01-18 | 2009-02-18 | 巴斯夫欧洲公司 | 基于热塑性聚氨酯的泡沫 |
WO2010130706A2 (de) * | 2009-05-11 | 2010-11-18 | Basf Se | Hybridschaum |
CN104364304A (zh) * | 2012-04-13 | 2015-02-18 | 巴斯夫欧洲公司 | 膨化颗粒的制备 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
BR112015031074A2 (pt) | 2017-07-25 |
KR20160021228A (ko) | 2016-02-24 |
TWI624344B (zh) | 2018-05-21 |
BR112015031074B8 (pt) | 2021-02-23 |
US20160121524A1 (en) | 2016-05-05 |
BR112015031074B1 (pt) | 2020-12-29 |
WO2014198779A1 (de) | 2014-12-18 |
PL3008122T3 (pl) | 2018-01-31 |
JP2016521796A (ja) | 2016-07-25 |
US10279516B2 (en) | 2019-05-07 |
TW201509625A (zh) | 2015-03-16 |
JP6386543B2 (ja) | 2018-09-05 |
EP3008122B1 (de) | 2017-08-09 |
ES2646539T3 (es) | 2017-12-14 |
KR102217486B1 (ko) | 2021-02-22 |
CN105452355A (zh) | 2016-03-30 |
EP3008122A1 (de) | 2016-04-20 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CN105452355B (zh) | 膨胀颗粒的制备 | |
CN104364304B (zh) | 膨化颗粒的制备 | |
KR102374907B1 (ko) | 팽창된 열가소성 엘라스토머의 제조 | |
JP6691754B2 (ja) | ポリ乳酸発泡成形材料、その発泡成形品と製造方法 | |
BR112016006949B1 (pt) | Processo para a produção de partículas expandidas de espuma feitas de um grânulo, partícula expandida de espuma, processo para a produção de uma peça de molde, peça de molde e uso da peça de molde | |
CN102802907A (zh) | 水作为热塑性塑料的发泡剂 | |
JP6138124B2 (ja) | イソシアネートフリーのポリマーおよびその産生方法 | |
US20190202087A1 (en) | Method for producing expanded granular material | |
CN109641375A (zh) | 微波发泡 | |
CN102421833A (zh) | 制备聚酰胺泡沫的方法以及能够由该方法制造的泡沫 | |
JP7431818B2 (ja) | ポリエーテルブロックアミドポリ(メタ)アクリレート発泡体 | |
EP3535316A1 (de) | Partikelschaumstoffe auf basis von expandierten thermoplastischen elastomeren | |
CN107685413B (zh) | 一种由低温热膨胀微球发泡聚丙烯塑料的方法 | |
JP2023549018A (ja) | 再利用可能、生分解性かつ工業的に堆肥化可能な押し出し発泡体、およびその製造方法 | |
TWI605069B (zh) | Polylactic acid foaming molding material, foamed molded article and manufacturing method thereof | |
CA1116349A (en) | Blowing agent concentrate having a thermoplastic plastics material as support | |
KR100787004B1 (ko) | 폴리에틸렌 발포원단의 제조 방법 및 상기 방법에 의해제조된 폴리에틸렌 발포원단 | |
BR112021011500A2 (pt) | Pelotas espumadas, processo de produção de pelotas espumadas, uso de pelotas espumadas e material híbrido |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
C06 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
GR01 | Patent grant | ||
GR01 | Patent grant |