CN105145281B - A kind of raising survival rate simultaneously reduces the lemon stock method for transplanting of cost - Google Patents
A kind of raising survival rate simultaneously reduces the lemon stock method for transplanting of cost Download PDFInfo
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- CN105145281B CN105145281B CN201510615385.7A CN201510615385A CN105145281B CN 105145281 B CN105145281 B CN 105145281B CN 201510615385 A CN201510615385 A CN 201510615385A CN 105145281 B CN105145281 B CN 105145281B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G23/00—Forestry
- A01G23/02—Transplanting, uprooting, felling or delimbing trees
- A01G23/04—Transplanting trees; Devices for grasping the root ball, e.g. stump forceps; Wrappings or packages for transporting trees
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of raising survival rate and reduces the lemon stock method for transplanting of cost, comprises the following steps：High ridging, cloth prepare, covering ground cloth, the transplanting of stock backwater, field management, outplanting.Transplanted by stock backwater, improve the transplanting survival rate of stock, the survival rate of rootstock seedling has brought up to more than 95% by original 70%；Transplanted after covering punching ground cloth, ground is furnished with preferable anti-careless effect, and weed growth is effectively controlled during whole management, goes out garden from nursery stock transplanting to lemon grafting, and annual every mu can save more than the 80% of weeds management cost；Using the method for culturing seedlings of the invention, nursery stock is neat, and outplanting rate improves more than 20% than traditional seedling raising method.The utilization of this method, drastically increase the survival rate of lemon stock, effectively reduce comprehensive production cost, reduce the use of agricultural chemicals, there are obvious economy and ecological benefits.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of raising survival rate and the lemon stock method for transplanting of cost is reduced, belongs to breeding plant skill
Art field.
Background technology
Land nursery is the major way of current Yunnan lemon seedling breeding, and not only unit area nursery quantity is more, and is saved
Human-saving and material resources, convenient transportation.The rootstock seedling that conventional Fructus Aurantii seedling is bred as lemon, Fructus Aurantii seedling take out from seedbed, suitably cut
Long main root, root system is gone to wrap up moisturizing with woven bag after being stained with mud or directly use the sub- moisturizing of wet sand, until behind destination, directly
It is transplanted to ready stock on the ground.The Fructus Aurantii seedling seedling-slowing stage length of this method transplanting, and occur successively after transplanting 4~5 days dead
Growth of cereal crop seedlings condition, usual death rate is more than 20%, in case of the high temperature and drought weather death rate is up to 40%.In addition, in the life of Fructus Aurantii nursery stock
For a long time, the management of weeds is most to expend the time, it is necessary to which the labour of input is most.To reduce cost and working feature, spray and remove
Careless agent turns into the Main Means of conventional land nursery control weed growth, but a large amount of uses of herbicide cause environmental pollution tight
The problems such as weight, nursery stock distortion and serious gummosis.Therefore, how improving Fructus Aurantii transplanting survival rate and reducing management cost is that land is educated
The key of seedling.
The content of the invention
To solve the problems such as transplanting stock death rate is high, management cost of labor is high, gummosis is serious, seedling quality difference, this hair
It is bright that a kind of raising survival rate is provided and reduces the lemon stock method for transplanting of cost.
The present invention is realized by following technical proposal：A kind of raising survival rate simultaneously reduces the lemon stock transplantation of seedlings side of cost
Method, by following each step：
A, high ridging：In the lemon stock transplantation of seedlings previous moon, applied fertilizer to the subsoil, then ridging is carried out after site preparation, make ridge height
20~25 centimetres, row spacing 120cm, row spacing 20cm；
B, cloth prepares：Cloth is being to start to punch at 16cm away from ground cloth back gauge by polyethylene that width is 150cm, is made each
Hole diameter is 5cm, pitch-row 8cm, line-spacing 15cm；
C, covering ground cloth：Cloth is laid on step a ridge by step b polyethylene, surrounding tension soil compaction, is allowed
Ground cloth it is smooth fall on the face of ridge；
D, transplanting prepares：Half an hour pours to stock seedbed to be transplanted before transplanting, allows soil fully to drench；From rootstock seedling
Lemon rootstock seedling is taken out in bed, ensures that stock fibrous root is complete as far as possible, wipes out long main root, be positioned over shady place 2 hours, during which use
Humidity is 80% damp sand moisturizing；
E, stock backwater is transplanted：Soaked with the mixed liquor of 1000 times of liquid of 50% sulphur carbendazim of content, 200 times of liquid and root-inducing powder
Steep the root 30min of step d lemon rootstock seedlings；Then by hole corresponding to the cloth of lemon rootstock seedling inserting step c ridges face Shangdi, go deep into
10~20 centimetres in soil, soil pressure reality is returned, soil is fully contacted with lemon rootstock seedling root system；
F, field management：
Stock rich water quality management：After step e lemon stock transplantation of seedlings, water immediately, keep soil moisture, pressed after rudiment
10kg/ mus apply the water-soluble fertilizer of humic acid, and interval, again using composite fertilizer, chases after at interval of 20~30 days alternatings afterwards after 40 days
The water-soluble fertilizer of humic acid and composite fertilizer are applied, stops applying when Trunk diameter of the lemon rootstock seedling at the 10cm of ridge face reaches 0.7cm
Fertilizer；
Stock disease pest management：Fructus Aurantii stock is easily caused harm by root rot, reddish yellow spider and leaf roller.Observe at any time, to finding
Prevented and treated during the plant of pest and disease damage：Root rot is prevented and treated using 2000 times of liquid of first frost hymexazol of content 30%；Reddish yellow spider
Spider is prevented and treated with 3000 times of liquid of azacyclotin or content 1.8% AVM, 2000 times of liquid of content 25%；Leaf roller content 40%
2000 times of liquid of carbosulfan are prevented and treated.
Lemon rootstock seedling starts to transplant in March then, and the grafting of lemon is can be used to November then.
The step a apply fertilizer to the subsoil be every mu of soil apply 2 tons of humic acid type organic fertilizer and calcium magnesium phosphate purchased in market 40~
60kg, to increase soil nutrient content.
The active ingredient of the step f composite fertilizers and the water-soluble fertilizer containing humic acid is N:P2O5:K2O=22:5:8。
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
1st, the present invention is after rootstock seedling leaves seedbed, is suitably dried, and by root system backwater before transplanting, on the one hand allows trifoliate orange
Shell seedling absorbs the moisture of abundance, and root system is effectively unfolded, ensure that needs of the early growth period to moisture, be advantageous to nursery stock root
The rapid recovery and growth of system promote the fast-growth of new root, are more beneficial for surviving.On the other hand, transplanted plantlet root system is carried out
Disinfect, situations such as preventing and treating root system introduced disease rots to go mouldy, ensure that health of root.This method can be effective
Shorten transplanting Fructus Aurantii transplanting seedling time, improve transplanting Fructus Aurantii survival rate, survival rate by original 70% bring up to 95% with
On, realize land fast seedling growing.
2nd, the present invention be using polyethylene cloth can effectively less weeds growth, prevention and control weeds, reduce to herbicide
Dependence and use, annual every mu can save more than the 80% of weeds management cost, realize the purpose of cost-saving synergistic.
3rd, The present invention reduces the incidence of lemon seedling bleeding disease, seedling quality is improved.
4th, the high ridging of method for culturing seedlings of the present invention, in summer rainfall area bigger than normal, seedling root is avoided by damage or crop failure caused by waterlogging shadow
Ring.Using this method, nursery stock is neat, and outplanting rate improves more than 20% than traditional seedling raising method.
5th, the present invention is applied to highdensity naked nursery.
Present invention greatly enhances the survival rate of lemon stock, comprehensive production cost is effectively reduced, reduces making for agricultural chemicals
With having obvious economy and ecological benefits.
Embodiment
To make the purpose, technical scheme and advantage of the implementation of the present invention clearer, below in the example of the present invention
Technical scheme carries out clear, complete description.
Embodiment 1
A, high ridging：In the lemon stock transplantation of seedlings previous moon, applied fertilizer to the subsoil, i.e., it is organic to apply humic acid type for every mu of soil
2 tons and calcium magnesium phosphate 40kg purchased in market of fertilizer, to carry out ridging after increasing soil nutrient content, then site preparation, make that ridge is high 20 centimetres, ridge
Wide 120cm, row spacing 20cm；
B, cloth prepares：Cloth is being to start to punch at 16cm away from ground cloth back gauge by polyethylene that width is 150cm, is made each
Hole diameter is 5cm, pitch-row 8cm, line-spacing 15cm；
C, covering ground cloth：Cloth is laid on step a ridge by step b polyethylene, surrounding tension soil compaction, is allowed
Ground cloth it is smooth fall on the face of ridge；
D, transplanting prepares：Half an hour pours to stock seedbed to be transplanted before transplanting, allows soil fully to drench；From rootstock seedling
Lemon rootstock seedling is taken out in bed, ensures that stock fibrous root is complete as far as possible, wipes out long main root, be positioned over shady place 2 hours, during which use
Humidity is 80% damp sand moisturizing；
E, stock backwater is transplanted：Soaked with the mixed liquor of 1000 times of liquid of 50% sulphur carbendazim of content, 200 times of liquid and root-inducing powder
Steep the root 30min of step d lemon rootstock seedlings；Then by hole corresponding to the cloth of lemon rootstock seedling inserting step c ridges face Shangdi, go deep into
10 centimetres in soil, soil pressure reality is returned, soil is fully contacted with lemon rootstock seedling root system；
F, field management：
Stock rich water quality management：After step e lemon stock transplantation of seedlings, water immediately, keep soil moisture, pressed after rudiment
10kg/ mus apply the water-soluble fertilizer of humic acid, and interval, again using composite fertilizer, imposes corruption at interval of 20 days alternatings afterwards after 40 days
Sour water dissolubility fertilizer and composite fertilizer are grown, stops fertilising when Trunk diameter of the lemon rootstock seedling at the 10cm of ridge face reaches 0.7cm；Its
The active ingredient of middle composite fertilizer and the water-soluble fertilizer containing humic acid is N:P2O5:K2O=22:5:8；
Stock disease pest management：Fructus Aurantii stock is easily caused harm by root rot, reddish yellow spider and leaf roller.Observe at any time, to finding
Prevented and treated during the plant of pest and disease damage：Root rot is prevented and treated using 2000 times of liquid of first frost hymexazol of content 30%；Reddish yellow spider
Spider is prevented and treated with 3000 times of liquid of azacyclotin or content 1.8% AVM, 2000 times of liquid of content 25%；Leaf roller content 40%
2000 times of liquid of carbosulfan are prevented and treated.
Embodiment 2
A, high ridging：In the lemon stock transplantation of seedlings previous moon, applied fertilizer to the subsoil, i.e., it is organic to apply humic acid type for every mu of soil
2 tons and calcium magnesium phosphate 50kg purchased in market of fertilizer, to carry out ridging after increasing soil nutrient content, then site preparation, make that ridge is high 22 centimetres, ridge
Wide 120cm, row spacing 20cm；
B, cloth prepares：Cloth is being to start to punch at 16cm away from ground cloth back gauge by polyethylene that width is 150cm, is made each
Hole diameter is 5cm, pitch-row 8cm, line-spacing 15cm；
C, covering ground cloth：Cloth is laid on step a ridge by step b polyethylene, surrounding tension soil compaction, is allowed
Ground cloth it is smooth fall on the face of ridge；
D, transplanting prepares：Half an hour pours to stock seedbed to be transplanted before transplanting, allows soil fully to drench；From rootstock seedling
Lemon rootstock seedling is taken out in bed, ensures that stock fibrous root is complete as far as possible, wipes out long main root, be positioned over shady place 2 hours, during which use
Humidity is 80% damp sand moisturizing；
E, stock backwater is transplanted：Soaked with the mixed liquor of 1000 times of liquid of 50% sulphur carbendazim of content, 200 times of liquid and root-inducing powder
Steep the root 30min of step d lemon rootstock seedlings；Then by hole corresponding to the cloth of lemon rootstock seedling inserting step c ridges face Shangdi, go deep into
15 centimetres in soil, soil pressure reality is returned, soil is fully contacted with lemon rootstock seedling root system；
F, field management：
Stock rich water quality management：After step e lemon stock transplantation of seedlings, water immediately, keep soil moisture, pressed after rudiment
10kg/ mus apply the water-soluble fertilizer of humic acid, and interval, again using composite fertilizer, chases after at interval of 20~30 days alternatings afterwards after 40 days
The water-soluble fertilizer of humic acid and composite fertilizer are applied, stops applying when Trunk diameter of the lemon rootstock seedling at the 10cm of ridge face reaches 0.7cm
Fertilizer；The active ingredient of wherein composite fertilizer and the water-soluble fertilizer containing humic acid is N:P2O5:K2O=22:5:8；
Stock disease pest management：Fructus Aurantii stock is easily caused harm by root rot, reddish yellow spider and leaf roller.Observe at any time, to finding
Prevented and treated during the plant of pest and disease damage：Root rot is prevented and treated using 2000 times of liquid of first frost hymexazol of content 30%；Reddish yellow spider
Spider is prevented and treated with 3000 times of liquid of azacyclotin or content 1.8% AVM, 2000 times of liquid of content 25%；Leaf roller content 40%
2000 times of liquid of carbosulfan are prevented and treated.
Embodiment 3
A, high ridging：In the lemon stock transplantation of seedlings previous moon, applied fertilizer to the subsoil, i.e., it is organic to apply humic acid type for every mu of soil
2 tons and calcium magnesium phosphate 60kg purchased in market of fertilizer, to carry out ridging after increasing soil nutrient content, then site preparation, make that ridge is high 25 centimetres, ridge
Wide 120cm, row spacing 20cm；
B, cloth prepares：Cloth is being to start to punch at 16cm away from ground cloth back gauge by polyethylene that width is 150cm, is made each
Hole diameter is 5cm, pitch-row 8cm, line-spacing 15cm；
C, covering ground cloth：Cloth is laid on step a ridge by step b polyethylene, surrounding tension soil compaction, is allowed
Ground cloth it is smooth fall on the face of ridge；
D, transplanting prepares：Half an hour pours to stock seedbed to be transplanted before transplanting, allows soil fully to drench；From rootstock seedling
Lemon rootstock seedling is taken out in bed, ensures that stock fibrous root is complete as far as possible, wipes out long main root, be positioned over shady place 2 hours, during which use
Humidity is 80% damp sand moisturizing；
E, stock backwater is transplanted：Soaked with the mixed liquor of 1000 times of liquid of 50% sulphur carbendazim of content, 200 times of liquid and root-inducing powder
Steep the root 30min of step d lemon rootstock seedlings；Then by hole corresponding to the cloth of lemon rootstock seedling inserting step c ridges face Shangdi, go deep into
20 centimetres in soil, soil pressure reality is returned, soil is fully contacted with lemon rootstock seedling root system；
F, field management：
Stock rich water quality management：After step e lemon stock transplantation of seedlings, water immediately, keep soil moisture, pressed after rudiment
10kg/ mus apply the water-soluble fertilizer of humic acid, and interval, again using composite fertilizer, chases after at interval of 20~30 days alternatings afterwards after 40 days
The water-soluble fertilizer of humic acid and composite fertilizer are applied, stops applying when Trunk diameter of the lemon rootstock seedling at the 10cm of ridge face reaches 0.7cm
Fertilizer；The active ingredient of wherein composite fertilizer and the water-soluble fertilizer containing humic acid is N:P2O5:K2O=22:5:8；
Stock disease pest management：Fructus Aurantii stock is easily caused harm by root rot, reddish yellow spider and leaf roller.Observe at any time, to finding
Prevented and treated during the plant of pest and disease damage：Root rot is prevented and treated using 2000 times of liquid of first frost hymexazol of content 30%；Reddish yellow spider
Spider is prevented and treated with 3000 times of liquid of azacyclotin or content 1.8% AVM, 2000 times of liquid of content 25%；Leaf roller content 40%
2000 times of liquid of carbosulfan are prevented and treated.
Experimental Comparison is carried out in Dehong prefecture Ruili City within continuous 2 years：Fructus Aurantii stock be have studied in transplanting survival rate, increment,
Labour puts into and the quality of nursery stock wood, and control group is the method for culturing seedlings that Routine Management is used in same piece of land.To rootstock seedling
The influence of transplant survival is shown in Table 1, and the influence to seedling quality and cost input is shown in Table 2：
Influence of the 1 two kinds of different way to manages of table to rootstock seedling transplant survival
It is not difficult to find out from table 1, the survival rate of the method for the invention stock after 180 days has been brought up to effectively by 70% or so
More than 95% is brought up to, effectively reduces the transplanting death rate of Fructus Aurantii seedling；Because backwater is transplanted, the seedling-slowing stage of Fructus Aurantii seedling is shortened,
Transplanted plantlet is able to fast-growth, and the growing way of stock is apparently higher than conventional seedbed system.
Influence of the 2 two kinds of different way to manages of table to seedling quality and cost input
By contrasting two kinds of management methods（As shown in table 2）, backwater processing and laying ground cloth before transplanted plantlet of the present invention
Management method, the survival rate of transplanted plantlet is not only effectively increased, and due to laying control the life of weed in seedbed after cloth
It is long, reduce the labour cost input of weeding, effectively reducing management cost reduces management cost.Further, since herbicide
Usage amount and number are reduced, and the damage to nursery stock is reduced, and nursery stock gummosis has obtained effective control, and seedling quality is improved, and is gone out
The high quality seedling in garden is more conventional to improve 20%.The application of the invention, achieved on Yunnan Dehong trial zone lemon seeling industry
Preferable economy and ecological benefits.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of raising survival rate simultaneously reduces the lemon stock method for transplanting of cost, it is characterised in that passes through following each step：
A, high ridging：In the lemon stock transplantation of seedlings previous moon, applied fertilizer to the subsoil, then ridging carried out after site preparation, make ridge it is high by 20~
25 centimetres, row spacing 120cm, row spacing 20cm；
B, cloth prepares：Cloth is being to start to punch at 16cm away from ground cloth back gauge by polyethylene that width is 150cm, makes each hole
A diameter of 5cm, pitch-row 8cm, line-spacing 15cm；
C, covering ground cloth：Cloth is laid on step a ridge by step b polyethylene, surrounding tension soil compaction；
D, transplanting prepares：Half an hour pours to stock seedbed to be transplanted before transplanting；Lemon rootstock seedling is taken out from stock seedbed,
Long main root is wiped out, is positioned over shady place 2 hours, during which with the damp sand moisturizing that humidity is 80%；
E, stock backwater is transplanted：Walked with the mixed liquid dipping of 1000 times of liquid of 50% sulphur carbendazim of content, 200 times of liquid and root-inducing powder
The root 30min of rapid d lemon rootstock seedlings；Then by hole corresponding to the cloth of lemon rootstock seedling inserting step c ridges face Shangdi, go deep into soil
10~20 centimetres, it is real to return soil pressure；
F, field management：
Stock rich water quality management：After step e lemon stock transplantation of seedlings, water immediately, keep soil moisture, 10kg/ is pressed after rudiment
Mu applies the water-soluble fertilizer of humic acid, and interval, again using composite fertilizer, imposes humic at interval of 20~30 days alternatings afterwards after 40 days
Sour water dissolubility fertilizer and composite fertilizer, stop fertilising when Trunk diameter of the lemon rootstock seedling at the 10cm of ridge face reaches 0.7cm；
Stock disease pest management：Observe at any time, to find pest and disease damage plant when prevent and treat：Root rot uses the first of content 30%
White 2000 times of liquid of hymexazol are prevented and treated；3000 times of liquid of azacyclotin or the Avermectin of content 1.8% of reddish yellow spider content 25%
Plain 2000 times of liquid are prevented and treated；Leaf roller is prevented and treated with content 40% carbosulfan, 2000 times of liquid.
2. lemon stock method for transplanting according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Applying fertilizer to the subsoil for the step a is every
Mu soil applies 2 tons of humic acid type organic fertilizer and 40~60kg of calcium magnesium phosphate purchased in market.
3. lemon stock method for transplanting according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step f composite fertilizers and containing corruption
The active ingredient for growing sour water dissolubility fertilizer is N:P2O5:K2O=22:5:8。
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Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110063195A (en) * | 2019-05-29 | 2019-07-30 | 云南省农业科学院热带亚热带经济作物研究所 | A kind of engrafting method improving lemon germination rate and the speed of growth |
| CN110337933A (en) * | 2019-08-22 | 2019-10-18 | 重庆俊瑞农业综合开发有限公司 | A method of stock grafting lemon is cooked with Fructus Aurantii |
| CN113728869A (en) * | 2021-10-12 | 2021-12-03 | 云南省农业科学院热带亚热带经济作物研究所 | Method suitable for cultivating anti-season autumn fruits of lemons |
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| SU1212368A1 (en) * | 1983-12-02 | 1986-02-23 | Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт виноградарства и виноделия им.Я.И.Потапенко | Method of obtaining grafted grape seedlings |
| RU2438294C2 (en) * | 2010-03-23 | 2012-01-10 | Государственное научное учреждение Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт орошаемого овощеводства и бахчеводства Российской академии сельскохозяйственных наук | Method of growing own-rooted planting stocks of grapes at drip irrigation |
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| CN104350914A (en) * | 2014-10-24 | 2015-02-18 | 定西市农业科学研究院 | Early-spring transplantation and seedling protection method for facility-grafted jujube seedlings |
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| SU1212368A1 (en) * | 1983-12-02 | 1986-02-23 | Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт виноградарства и виноделия им.Я.И.Потапенко | Method of obtaining grafted grape seedlings |
| RU2438294C2 (en) * | 2010-03-23 | 2012-01-10 | Государственное научное учреждение Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт орошаемого овощеводства и бахчеводства Российской академии сельскохозяйственных наук | Method of growing own-rooted planting stocks of grapes at drip irrigation |
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| CN102668856A (en) * | 2012-06-01 | 2012-09-19 | 云南省农业科学院热带亚热带经济作物研究所 | Rapid breeding method of lemon stocks |
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