CN103636450B - Russian-olive film-covering dibble-seeding seedling growing method - Google Patents
Russian-olive film-covering dibble-seeding seedling growing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103636450B CN103636450B CN201310655444.4A CN201310655444A CN103636450B CN 103636450 B CN103636450 B CN 103636450B CN 201310655444 A CN201310655444 A CN 201310655444A CN 103636450 B CN103636450 B CN 103636450B
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- leaved oleaster
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/28—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture specially adapted for farming
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Abstract
The invention discloses a Russian-olive film-covering dibble-seeding seedling growing method which includes the following steps: (1) collecting seeds, (2) carrying out processing before the seeds are stored, (3) processing the seeds, (4) preparing soil, (5) paving prepared nursery soil with a black soil film, (6) drilling holes in the black soil film, (7) manually dibbling seeds, covering the seeds with sand, and then carrying out first-time irrigation, (8) carrying out seedling management, (9) loosening the soil, and applying fertilizers, and (10) controlling pests. A film-covering and dibble-seeding step composed of the step (5), the step (6) and the step (7) is especially important. According to the Russian-olive film-covering dibble-seeding seedling growing method, the seed emergence rate is high, the seedling nursery yield is high, the nursery stock quality is good, growth of weeds can be restrained, and the seedling growing cost can be saved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to a kind of plant seedling propagation technique, particularly a kind of seedling-cultivating method of arrow-leaved oleaster seed.
Technical background
Arrow-leaved oleaster has another name called Gui Xiangliu, originates in West Inner Mongolia desert.Because fragrance of blooming is similar to south of the River sweet osmanthus, vitality is very indomitable again, therefore has the laudatory title of " sweet osmanthus in drifting fragrance desert ".Arrow-leaved oleaster vitality is very strong, has drought resisting, anti-blown sand, Salt And Alkali Tolerance, the features such as impoverishment tolerant.Natural arrow-leaved oleaster is only distributed in precipitation lower than the desert of 150 millimeters and Semi-desert Area; Salt And Alkali Tolerance ability is also comparatively strong, and different with salinity kind difference, comparatively strong to sulfuric acid solonchak adaptability, to chloride, then resistance is more weak.The rich in nutrition content of arrow-leaved oleaster.Meal of elaeagnus angustifolia L., can make wine, make vinegar, soy sauce processed, jam etc., waste matter still can be feeding.The arrow-leaved oleaster fragrance of a flower is good nectariferous plant, containing aromatic oil, can extract essence, spices.Resin can obtain through refining russianolive dried juice, is the substitute of gum Arabic.Flower, really, branch, leaf can be used as medicine again and control burn, bronchitis, indigestion, neurasthenia etc.Meanwhile, arrow-leaved oleaster is also good afforestation, greening, firewood charcoal, windproof, Sand-fixation Tree.The diversified economy purposes of arrow-leaved oleaster is in widespread attention, has become one of the Northwest's Major Tree Species Planted.But because the germination rate of arrow-leaved oleaster seed is low, cause that the nursery rate of arrow-leaved oleaster is low, seedling quality is uneven, and then limit the popularizing planting of arrow-leaved oleaster.Chinese patent CN101790912B discloses a kind of sprouting oleaster seeds and seedling-cultivating method, the methods such as wound, low temperature treatment, emerge in worm water, 98% dense sulfuric acid treatment, Stratificated treatment of mainly being carved by seed coat carry out vernalization process to seed, and then improve percentage of seedgermination to 85%.Although this method can improve percentage of seedgermination, more loaded down with trivial details to the process of seed, and the plumule of seed can be destroyed, although germination rate is high, easily cause dead seedling.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide that a kind of percentage of seedgermination is high, seedling outplanting rate is high, seedling quality good, weed growth can be suppressed, save seedling cost, a kind of arrow-leaved oleaster overlay film program request seedling-cultivating method of operation Simple And Practical.
Another object of the present invention is to provide the preparation method of this arrow-leaved oleaster overlay film program request seedling-cultivating method.
Arrow-leaved oleaster overlay film program request seedling-cultivating method of the present invention, carries out according to the following step:
(1) collect seed: select that tree vigo(u)r is healthy and strong, result is dense, collect seed as elite stand without the trees of damage by disease and insect, select even, full, without the fruit of damage by disease and insect, complete seed collecting process;
(2) seed storage pre-treatment: the fruit adopted is positioned over cement flooring and is exposed to the sun, rolls with machine, removes pulp, obtain seed to pericarp drying, then seed is stored in dry ventilation;
Then also will carry out quality restriction to seed, make it reach cleanliness more than 95%, thousand kernel weight more than 250 grams, water content 10-14%, germination rate reaches more than 90%;
At seed memory period, dry Tibetan method be adopted, seed is stored in dry ventilation, make its aridity reach safety moisture content; When seed is in safety moisture content, the protoplasm in seed is in gel state, and respiratory enzyme is low, breathes atomic weak, can safe storage;
(3) seed treatment: before sowing during 4--5d, with Seed soaking, seed is placed on soak at room temperature 48-72h in pond, make the abundant imbibition of seed, be placed on by seed in sieve or sunshade net and repeatedly rinse pulp, cleanliness reaches more than 95%, and namely wash clean obtains later waits to sow seed;
(4) wholely: first use sufficient base fertilizer, and Furadan insecticide is spread on earth's surface equably with 1kg/ mu, then rake mill is carried out to it, make nursery lot soil property careful, nursery lot is densified to smooth;
Use sufficient the supply that base fertilizer can ensure seed nutritional material, for its germinate, nursery is ready;
(5) plastic film mulch: when soil thaws, is layed in unregistered land film on the nursery lot behind whole ground, both sides compacting;
Adopt unregistered land film to carry out overlay film, both can ensure to provide the temperature and humidity that nursery lot is suitable good soil environment to the germination of seed, the growth of weeds can be suppressed again, save seedling cost;
(6) punch: punch on the film of described unregistered land with homemade wheeled card punch;
(7) dibbling: manual dibbling, 3-5 grain arrow-leaved oleaster seed is selected in each hole, and sowing quantity is 30kg/ mu, then carries out covering sand, carries out first time and pours water, fill after covering sand, every mu of use water 70-80 cubic meter;
(6), the seed program request step of (7), ensure the germination rate of seed and the survival rate of nursery stock, and ensure the survival rate of nursery stock transplanting;
(8) seedling management: carry out second time and pour water after 80% nursery stock is unearthed, pour water once later every 15-20d, enters and stops pouring water after autumn;
Carry out second time and pour water after 80% nursery stock is unearthed, can prevent from carrying out too early pouring water for the second time and affect the emergence rate of seed; And enter to stop pouring water making the abundant lignification of nursery stock, the dormancy being beneficial to nursery stock is passed the winter; after autumn
(9) to loosen the soil fertilising: within whole vegetative period, carry out fertilising of loosening the soil, based on nitrogenous fertilizer, topdress 3-4 time, after the beginning of autumn, stop fertilising;
Topdress the nutrition supply that can ensure in seed germination and seedling growth process;
(10) extermination of disease and insect pest: spray tpn during seedling, nursery stock Fast-growing stage sprays fenoxycarb 4000 times of liquid 1-2 times;
The damage by disease and insect of harm arrow-leaved oleaster seedling mainly contains apocheima cinerarius, arrow-leaved oleaster wood louse, grub, cutworm, leaf roller, damping off etc.; Spraying tpn during seedling can anti-damping off; Nursery stock Fast-growing stage sprays fenoxycarb 4000 times of liquid, can prevent and treat arrow-leaved oleaster wood louse.
Arrow-leaved oleaster overlay film program request seedling-cultivating method of the present invention, in step (4), described base fertilizer is phosphate fertilizer or composite fertilizer.
Arrow-leaved oleaster overlay film program request seedling-cultivating method of the present invention, in step (4), described phosphate fertilizer is phosphorus diamines, applies nursery lot soil table with 20kg/ mu.
Arrow-leaved oleaster overlay film program request seedling-cultivating method of the present invention, in step (4), described phosphate fertilizer is superphosphate, applies nursery lot soil table with 25kg/ mu.
Arrow-leaved oleaster overlay film program request seedling-cultivating method of the present invention, in step (5), the wide 140cm of described unregistered land film, the line-spacing between the film of adjacent unregistered land is 30cm.
Arrow-leaved oleaster overlay film program request seedling-cultivating method of the present invention, in step (6), described unregistered land film makes a call to 10 rounds, and described hole rows distance is 10cm × 10cm.
The nursery stock strain grown after program request seed in hole, seeding row spacing is 10cm × 10cm.
Arrow-leaved oleaster overlay film program request seedling-cultivating method of the present invention, in step (6), the degree of depth in described hole is 2cm.
Arrow-leaved oleaster overlay film program request seedling-cultivating method of the present invention, in step (7), covering husky thickness is 2-3cm.
Arrow-leaved oleaster overlay film program request seedling-cultivating method of the present invention, in step (9), described in topdress in process, implement in conjunction with pouring water, when third time pours water, fertilizing amount is 5kg/ mu, and when pouring water for the 4th time, fertilizing amount is 10kg/ mu, and when pouring water for the 5th time, fertilizing amount is 15-20kg/ mu.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
Arrow-leaved oleaster overlay film program request seedling-cultivating method of the present invention, percentage of seedgermination is high, seedling outplanting rate is high, seedling quality good, can suppress weed growth, save seedling cost, operate Simple And Practical.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the invention will be further described:
Embodiment 1
The arrow-leaved oleaster overlay film program request seedling-cultivating method of the present embodiment, carries out in area, red husky nest forest farm, comprises the steps:
(1) collect seed: at the beginning of by the end of October to 11 month, select that tree vigo(u)r is healthy and strong, result is dense, collect seed as elite stand without the trees of damage by disease and insect, select even, full, without the fruit of damage by disease and insect, complete seed collecting process;
(2) seed pre-treatment: the fruit adopted is positioned over cement flooring and is exposed to the sun, rolls with machine, removes pulp, obtain seed, then stored in dry ventilation by seed to pericarp drying;
(3) seed treatment: before sowing during 4d, with Seed soaking, seed is placed on soak at room temperature 48h in pond, make the abundant imbibition of seed, be placed on by seed in sieve or sunshade net and repeatedly rinse pulp, cleanliness reaches more than 95%, and namely wash clean obtains later waits to sow seed;
(4) wholely: first use sufficient base fertilizer, phosphorus diamines selected by base fertilizer, applies nursery lot soil table with the consumption of 20kg/ mu, and Furadan insecticide is spread on earth's surface equably with 1kg/ mu, then rake mill is carried out to it, make nursery lot soil property careful, nursery lot is densified to smooth;
(5) plastic film mulch: when the middle ten days and the last ten days in April, soil thawed, is layed on the nursery lot behind whole ground by unregistered land film wide for 140cm, both sides compacting, and the line-spacing between the film of adjacent unregistered land is 30cm;
(6) punch: on the film of unregistered land, make a call to 10 rounds with homemade wheeled card punch, hole rows is apart from being 10cm × 10cm, and hole depth is 2cm;
(7) dibbling: manual dibbling, 3-5 grain arrow-leaved oleaster seed is selected in each hole, and sowing quantity is 30kg/ mu, then carries out covering sand, and covering husky thickness is 2cm, carries out first time and pours water, fill after covering sand, 80 cubic metres, every mu of use water;
(8) seedling management: carry out second time and pour water after 80% nursery stock is unearthed, pour water once later every 15d, enters and stops pouring water after autumn;
(9) to loosen the soil fertilising: within whole vegetative period, carry out fertilising of loosening the soil, based on nitrogenous fertilizer, topdress 3-4 time, third time irrigation volume be 5kg/ mu, the 4th time irrigation volume is 10kg/ mu, and the 5th time irrigation volume is 15kg/ mu, stops fertilising after the beginning of autumn;
(10) extermination of disease and insect pest: spray tpn during seedling, 7-8 month nursery stock Fast-growing stage sprays fenoxycarb 4000 times of liquid 1 time.
Embodiment 2
The arrow-leaved oleaster overlay film program request seedling-cultivating method of the present embodiment, carry out in area, red husky nest forest farm, step is identical with embodiment 1;
But in the present embodiment, in step (4), described base fertilizer is superphosphate, apply nursery lot soil table with the consumption of 25kg/ mu;
In step (7), covering husky thickness is 3cm;
In step (9), three water fertilizing amount are 20kg/ mu;
In step (10), nursery stock Fast-growing stage sprays fenoxycarb 4000 times of liquid 2 times.
Embodiment 3
The arrow-leaved oleaster overlay film program request seedling-cultivating method of the present embodiment, step is identical with embodiment 1;
But in the present embodiment, arrow-leaved oleaster overlay film program request seedling-cultivating method carries out from different places, correspondingly, the plastic film mulch time in the seed collecting time in step (1), step (5), the herbal sprinkling time in step (10) change to some extent with the difference in area;
In step (4), described base fertilizer is composite fertilizer, applies nursery lot soil table with the consumption of 20kg/ mu;
In step (7), covering husky thickness is 2.5cm;
In step (9), three water fertilizing amount are 17kg/ mu;
In step (10), 7-8 month nursery stock Fast-growing stage sprays fenoxycarb 4000 times of liquid 2 times.
Embodiment 4
Adopt traditional bar to insert seedling-cultivating method and carry out nursery to arrow-leaved oleaster, described bar inserts seedling-cultivating method and seed drilling seedling-cultivating method.
Carry out list to the seedling-cultivating method in embodiment 1-4 and result to compare, result is as shown in table 1:
Seedling-cultivating method in table 1 embodiment 1-4 and results contrast
As shown in Table 1, arrow-leaved oleaster overlay film program request seedling-cultivating method of the present invention is compared traditional bar and is inserted seedling-cultivating method, and sowing quantity is little, percentage of seedgermination is high, 1 year height of seedling is comparatively large, outplanting amount is large.
The present invention includes but be not limited to above-mentioned embodiment, any product, method meeting these claims and describe, all falls within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. an arrow-leaved oleaster overlay film program request seedling-cultivating method, is characterized in that, carries out according to the following step:
(1) collect seed: select that tree vigo(u)r is healthy and strong, result is dense, collect seed as elite stand without the trees of damage by disease and insect, select even, full, without the fruit of damage by disease and insect, complete seed collecting process;
(2) seed storage pre-treatment: the fruit adopted is positioned over cement flooring and is exposed to the sun, rolls with machine, removes pulp, obtain seed, then stored in dry ventilation by seed to pericarp drying;
(3) seed treatment: before sowing during 4--5d, with Seed soaking, seed is placed on soak at room temperature 48-72h in pond, make the abundant imbibition of seed, be placed on by seed in sieve or sunshade net and repeatedly rinse pulp, clean degree reaches more than 95%, and namely wash clean obtains later waits to sow seed;
(4) wholely: first use sufficient base fertilizer, and Furadan insecticide is spread on earth's surface equably with 1kg/ mu, then rake mill is carried out to it, make nursery lot soil property careful, nursery lot is densified to smooth;
(5) plastic film mulch: when soil thaws, is layed in unregistered land film on the nursery lot behind whole ground, both sides compacting;
(6) punch: punch on the film of described unregistered land with wheeled card punch;
(7) dibbling: manual dibbling, 3-5 grain arrow-leaved oleaster seed is selected in each hole, and sowing quantity is 30kg/ mu, then carries out covering sand, carries out first time and pours water, fill after covering sand, every mu of use water 70-80 cubic meter;
(8) seedling management: carry out second time and pour water after 80% nursery stock is unearthed, pour water once later every 15-20d, enters and stops pouring water after autumn;
(9) to loosen the soil fertilising: within whole vegetative period, carry out fertilising of loosening the soil, based on nitrogenous fertilizer, topdress 3-4 time, after the beginning of autumn, stop fertilising;
(10) extermination of disease and insect pest: spray tpn during seedling, nursery stock Fast-growing stage sprays fenoxycarb 4000 times of liquid 1-2 times.
2. arrow-leaved oleaster overlay film program request seedling-cultivating method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in described step (4), described base fertilizer is phosphate fertilizer or composite fertilizer.
3. arrow-leaved oleaster overlay film program request seedling-cultivating method according to claim 2, is characterized in that, in described step (4), described phosphate fertilizer is phosphorus diamines, applies nursery lot soil table with 20kg/ mu.
4. arrow-leaved oleaster overlay film program request seedling-cultivating method according to claim 2, is characterized in that, in described step (4), described phosphate fertilizer is superphosphate, applies nursery lot soil table with 25kg/ mu.
5. arrow-leaved oleaster overlay film program request seedling-cultivating method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in described step (5), the wide 140cm of described unregistered land film, the line-spacing between the film of adjacent unregistered land is 30cm.
6. arrow-leaved oleaster overlay film program request seedling-cultivating method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in described step (6), described unregistered land film makes a call to 10 rounds, described seeding row spacing is 10cm × 10cm.
7. arrow-leaved oleaster overlay film program request seedling-cultivating method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in described step (6), the degree of depth in described hole is 2cm.
8. arrow-leaved oleaster overlay film program request seedling-cultivating method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in described step (7), covering husky thickness is 2-3cm.
9. arrow-leaved oleaster overlay film program request seedling-cultivating method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in described step (9), describedly topdress in process, implement in conjunction with pouring water, when third time pours water, fertilizing amount is 5kg/ mu, and when pouring water for the 4th time, fertilizing amount is 10kg/ mu, and when pouring water for the 5th time, fertilizing amount is 15-20kg/ mu.
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| CN103636450B true CN103636450B (en) | 2015-07-15 |
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| CN105052653B (en) * | 2015-07-27 | 2017-11-07 | 枣阳市灵鹿酒业有限公司 | A kind of method for culturing seedlings of Spondias axillaris tissue-cultured seedling |
| CN110089375B (en) * | 2018-01-30 | 2021-04-27 | 甘肃本草元中药材有限公司 | Method for cultivating rhizoma atractylodis seedlings |
| CN113575021A (en) * | 2021-07-30 | 2021-11-02 | 甘肃省祁连山水源涵养林研究院 | Sea-buckthorn seedling growing method |
| CN113575141A (en) * | 2021-08-19 | 2021-11-02 | 江西省农业科学院园艺研究所 | Storage method of fructus aurantii seeds |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101790912A (en) * | 2010-01-11 | 2010-08-04 | 天津农学院 | Method for sprouting oleaster seeds and raising seedlings |
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Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101790912A (en) * | 2010-01-11 | 2010-08-04 | 天津农学院 | Method for sprouting oleaster seeds and raising seedlings |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 徐森.沙枣引种试验初报.《江苏林业科技》.1984,第26-28页. * |
| 贾新太等.伊犁地区沙枣盆景栽培技术.《农村科技》.2012,第50-51页. * |
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