CN113575141A

CN113575141A - Storage method of fructus aurantii seeds

Info

Publication number: CN113575141A
Application number: CN202110955952.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 万水林; 胡钟东; 王雨亭; 汤雨晴; 杨惠栋; 徐超; 刘心澄
Original assignee: Horticultural Research Institute Jiangxi Academy Of Agricultural Sciences
Current assignee: Horticultural Research Institute Jiangxi Academy Of Agricultural Sciences
Priority date: 2021-08-19
Filing date: 2021-08-19
Publication date: 2021-11-02

Abstract

The invention discloses a storage method of bitter orange seeds, which comprises the following steps: packaging the harvested fructus Aurantii fruits after ripening with a bag, burying in a storage pit, wherein the height of the packaged fructus Aurantii fruits is 20-40cm from the ground, and taking out and removing the pulp when sowing; the depth of the storage pit is 60-80cm, and the width is 80-120 cm. Compared with the prior art, the method is simple, convenient and practical, and saves water and electricity; the obtained seeds are intact and fresh, and have extremely high germination rate, and the germinated seedlings have strong growth vigor.

Description

Storage method of fructus aurantii seeds

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of citrus post-treatment, and particularly relates to a storage method of bitter orange seeds.

Background

The citrus is mainly bred in a vegetative propagation mode, namely a grafting mode. Citrus grafting, which is the grafting of a branch or bud of citrus onto another plant (called a "rootstock") to allow the two parts that are joined together to grow into a complete citrus plant. The bitter orange has the advantages of strong affinity, strong growth promotion, strong resistance and the like to almost all citrus varieties, and has a plurality of fruit seeds, so the bitter orange is used as a stock variety commonly adopted by citrus seedling culture.

The seedling sowing of the seeds of the bitter oranges is generally 2-3 months, the harvesting of the fruits of the bitter oranges is mostly 10-11 months, and the seeds need to be stored in the period from the fruit harvesting to the seed sowing so as to ensure the normal germination of the seeds. At present, the storage method generally adopted by the seeds of the bitter orange mainly comprises the following steps: 1. sand storage: layering treatment, generally, a layer of wet sand is paved, the humidity is suitable for being held by hands to be agglomerated and loosened, the thickness is about 10cm, then, a layer of seeds is paved on the sand, a layer of sand is paved on the sand, the seeds can be uniformly mixed with the sand according to a certain proportion, and the uppermost layer is covered by a layer of sand; frequent inspection is required during sand storage to maintain the moisture of the sand while preventing seed mildew. 2. And (4) dry storage: the seeds are put into a cloth bag, a hemp bag or a woven bag with certain air permeability and are stored in a ventilated, dry, shady and cool rat-free and insect-free room, the optimal temperature of the indoor storage is 1-2, the temperature generally can not exceed 8, and the relative humidity at the temperature is 75-80%. The method is only suitable for places with high local humidity in the north, and the temperature and humidity conditions are difficult to achieve in the south. 3. And (3) low-temperature storage: the survival rate of the seeds can be effectively guaranteed by adopting equipment such as a low-temperature low-humidity seed storage cabinet or a refrigerator and controlling the temperature to be 2-4 and the relative humidity at the temperature of 30-60 percent. During the period, the seeds which are mildewed and deteriorated are removed in time by frequent inspection. Limited by the equipment, the amount of seeds stored at one time is limited.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects that the temperature and the humidity are not easy to control when the prior art is used for storing the bitter orange, the seeds are dehydrated and lose activity or are too wet to cause the seeds to mildew, frequent inspection is required and the like, and the aim of storing the seeds of the bitter orange in a large amount is fulfilled.

The following technical scheme is adopted specifically:

a storage method of fructus aurantii seeds comprises the following steps: bagging mature fructus Aurantii fruits in 15-30 kg/bag, burying in storage pit, and taking out and removing pulp when sowing, wherein the height of the bagged fructus Aurantii fruits is 20-40cm from the ground; the depth of the storage pit is 60-80cm, the width is 80-120cm, and the length can be set according to the storage quantity.

Wherein the bag is a mesh bag, a snakeskin bag or a woven bag. The storage pit is selected at a place with high terrain, no water accumulation and wind and shady back. These are readily determined by one skilled in the art.

When sowing, the stored fruits are taken out, then the pulp is removed by direct washing with water, foot treading or hand kneading, and the washed seeds are treated by a conventional method and then can be directly sown or placed in a shade for airing and waiting to be sown. The conventional method comprises removing pectin from the surface of the seed by kneading with sand, soaking the seed in 50-55 deg.C water, and sterilizing the surface for 2-4 hr.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

(1) simple and practical, water and electricity are saved: when the fruit of fructus Aurantii is buried underground, the fruit is stored together with the fruit at a certain depth, so that the seed of fructus Aurantii can maintain a relatively stable environment, artificial temperature and humidity control is not required, water and electricity are not consumed, frequent inspection is not required, and the operation is extremely simple and convenient.

(2) The seeds are intact and fresh: when the fruit of fructus Aurantii is taken out from underground, the pulp is rotten, but the seeds do not have any phenomena of dehydration, rotting or mildew, and are as intact and fresh as the seeds taken out from fresh fruit.

(3) Extremely high germination rate: in the storage process of the seeds stored by sand storage and other methods, about 5-10% of the seeds are dehydrated to die or rotten to deteriorate, and 5-10% of the seeds can not germinate after sowing. The germination rate of the seeds stored by the method is not different from that of the fresh seeds, and 100 percent of seeds can germinate except shrivelled seeds which are individually caused by poor development.

(4) The growth potential is strong: compared with the seeds stored by other methods, the seeds stored by the method have no damage or deterioration, the seeds are intact, and the seedlings which germinate are stronger than the seedlings stored by other methods.

Detailed Description

The concept and technical effects of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in the following embodiments to fully understand the objects, aspects and effects of the present invention.

Example 1:

a storage method of fructus aurantii seeds comprises the following steps:

(1) harvesting fruits: in 2017, in 11 middle-late-month after the fruit of the fructus aurantii is completely ripe, harvesting the ripe fruit of the fructus aurantii on a tree;

(2) digging a storage pit: in a higher Wenzhou mandarin orange production demonstration garden of gardening research institute of agricultural science institute of Jiangxi Nanchang, Jiangxi province, the edges of plots which do not accumulate water and avoid wind and shade are dug to be 70cm deep, 100cm wide and 100cm long;

(3) burying seeds: packing the collected fructus Aurantii fruits with mesh bags, 20 kg/bag, putting into a storage pit, burying with original soil, treading, and making position marks;

(4) seed washing: preparing a seedbed in late 2 months of 2018, taking out the bitter orange fruits in a soft rot state by a bag according to a mark, rubbing, treading or washing with water to remove pulp, removing pectin from the washed seeds, performing surface sterilization, and directly sowing in late 2 months.

The inventor finds that in the month of 2, when the fruit of the bitter orange is taken out from the ground, although the pulp is rotten, the seeds do not have any dehydration, rotting or mildew phenomenon, and are not damaged or deteriorated, and the seeds are intact and are as intact and fresh as the seeds taken out from the fresh fruit. After sowing, 100 percent of seedlings can germinate except for shrunken seeds which are individually and badly developed, and the seedlings which germinate are stronger than other existing methods.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention as long as the technical effects of the present invention are achieved by the same means. The invention is capable of other modifications and variations in its technical solution and/or its implementation, within the scope of protection of the invention.

Claims

1. A storage method of fructus aurantii seeds is characterized by comprising the following steps: bagging mature fructus Aurantii fruits in 15-30 kg/bag, burying in storage pit, taking out the bagged fructus Aurantii fruits 20-40cm away from ground, and removing pulp when sowing; the depth of the storage pit is 60-80cm, and the width of the storage pit is 80-120 cm.

2. A storage method according to claim 1, wherein the bag is a mesh bag, a snakeskin bag or a woven bag.

3. A storage method according to claim 1, wherein the pit is selected from a high-lying, water-free, wind-sheltered and shady place.

4. A storage method according to claim 1, wherein the removal technique is: removing the pulp by direct washing with water, foot treading or hand kneading.

5. The storage method according to claim 1, wherein after removing the pulp, the pectin on the surface of the seeds is removed by sand kneading the seeds.

6. A storage method according to claim 5, wherein after pectin removal, the seeds are surface sterilized by soaking in water at 50-55 ℃ for 2-4 h.