CN1050639C - 铁/镍合金荫罩板 - Google Patents

铁/镍合金荫罩板 Download PDF

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CN1050639C
CN1050639C CN95120173A CN95120173A CN1050639C CN 1050639 C CN1050639 C CN 1050639C CN 95120173 A CN95120173 A CN 95120173A CN 95120173 A CN95120173 A CN 95120173A CN 1050639 C CN1050639 C CN 1050639C
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shadow mask
iron
nickel alloy
mask board
max
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CN1133896A (zh
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J·勃德里
M·法拉尔
J·F·逖尔斯
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Aperam Stainless Precision SAS
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Imphy SA
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01JELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J29/00Details of cathode-ray tubes or of electron-beam tubes of the types covered by group H01J31/00
    • H01J29/02Electrodes; Screens; Mounting, supporting, spacing or insulating thereof
    • H01J29/10Screens on or from which an image or pattern is formed, picked up, converted or stored
    • H01J29/18Luminescent screens
    • H01J29/20Luminescent screens characterised by the luminescent material
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/08Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing nickel
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21DMODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/02Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
    • C21D8/0205Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips of ferrous alloys
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23FNON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
    • C23F1/00Etching metallic material by chemical means
    • C23F1/02Local etching
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01JELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J9/00Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture, installation, removal, maintenance of electric discharge tubes, discharge lamps, or parts thereof; Recovery of material from discharge tubes or lamps
    • H01J9/02Manufacture of electrodes or electrode systems
    • H01J9/14Manufacture of electrodes or electrode systems of non-emitting electrodes
    • H01J9/142Manufacture of electrodes or electrode systems of non-emitting electrodes of shadow-masks for colour television tubes
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21DMODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D6/00Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
    • C21D6/001Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Ni

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Electrodes For Cathode-Ray Tubes (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Sheet Steel (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)

Abstract

一种制造铁/镍合金荫罩板的方法,这种合金的化学组成包含(按重量):35.5≤Ni≤37%;Co≤0.5%;Cr≤0.1%;Cu≤0.1%;Mo≤0.1%;V≤0.1%;Nb≤0.1%;Mn≤0.1%;0.03%≤Si≤0.15%;S≤0.001%;0.0001%≤Ca≤0.002%;0.0001%≤Mg≤0.002%;Al≤0.005%;O≤0.01%;C≤0.02%;N≤0.005%;P≤0.003%;H≤0.001%;B≤0.001%;其余是铁和由于冶炼而不可避免的杂质;该化学组成满足以下关系式:S≤0.02×Mn+0.8×Ca+0.6×Mg和Cr+Cu+Mo+V+Nb+Si≤0.15%,其次,对该薄片进行热处理以获得粒度大于或等于ASTM7的晶粒,对该薄片进行成形以使其具有荫罩板的形状。

Description

铁/镍合金荫罩板
本发明涉及用于彩色显象管的铁/镍合金荫罩板。
彩色显象管通常包括具有玻璃显示窗的外壳以及在其上设置红、绿与蓝色发光体的显示屏。钻有大量小孔的荫罩板被安装在管内,并在短距离内正对着显示屏。当显象管工作时,通过三根电子枪在管内产生三束电子射线,电子束通过荫罩板内的孔沿轰击磷光区。
孔洞与发光体的相对位置是这样的,各电子束轰击相应于特殊彩色的磷光区以便成象。
然而,电子的相当一部分被荫罩板遮断,这些电子的动能被转换成使荫罩板温度上升的热能。由于温度升高而产生的荫罩板热膨胀会引起荫罩板局部变形,这会破坏孔洞与相应发光体之间的相对位置。
这会引起图象彩色失真。这种失真会使荫罩板更加显示地变平,从而愈加使壳体处于显象管产生的电流中,而管子的显示窗就越来越平。
众所周知,可以通过用极低热膨胀系数的材料制造荫罩板来避免这种由于热效应而产生的问题。例如,这种材料是含有约36%镍的铁/镍合金。然而,高级机械性能与轧制这种材料的困难限制了它们在这种用途中的使用。
从美国专利US 4,685,321(EP-A 179,506)已经知道,第一次提供这种材料的薄片用于制造荫罩板,进行热处理使它减少在室温下的0.2%的屈服应力,然后在室温以上成型以进一步使它减少0.2%的屈服应力。在这种工艺中所用的铁/镍合金具有1×10-6K-1~1.5×10-6K-1之间的线性膨胀系数。用2%~12%(按重量)数量的钴替换部分的镍可以得到较低的膨胀系数。
然而,用钻代替镍存在许多缺点。一方面,钴是一种十分昂贵的元素,另一方面,钴会污染在荫罩板内通过化学蚀剂钴孔所用的化学蚀刻试剂。
本发明的目的是提供一种制造铁/镍合金荫罩板的方法,该铁/镍合金不含有或含极少的钴,它具有低于0.9×10-6K-1的线性膨胀系数并很容易进行轧制。
为此,本发明的课题是根据以下内容制造荫罩板的方法:
—提供钴有许多均匀分布孔洞的薄片,构成这种薄片的铁/镍合金的化学组成包含(按重量):
            35.5%≤Ni≤37%
                    Co≤0.50%
                    Cr≤0.1%
                    Cu≤0.1
                    Mo≤0.1%
                    V≤0.1%
                    Nb≤0.1%
                    Mn≤0.1%
            0.03%≤Si≤0.15%
                    S≤0.001%
            0.0001%≤Ca≤0.002%
            0.0001%≤Mg≤0.002%
                      Al≤0.005%
                      O≤0.01%
                      C≤0.02%
                      N≤0.005%
                      P≤0.003%
                      H≤0.001%
                      B≤0.001%其余是铁和由于冶炼而不可避免的杂质;该化学组成满足以下关系式:
S≤0.02×Mn+0.8×Ca+0.6×Mg和
Cr+Cu+Mo+V+Nb+Si≤0.15%—对该薄片进行热处理以得到由ASTMME 112-88,12.4标准规定的粒度大于或等于ASTM7的晶粒;
—对该薄片进行成形以使它具有荫罩形状。
更可取的是,必须按以下比例选择化学组成:
                    Si≤0.08%
                    Cr≤0.07%
                    Cu≤0.05%
                    Mo≤0.05%
                  Mn≤0.05%
                  O≤0.005%
                  N≤0.003%
                  S≤0.0005%
                  C≤0.005%
                  B≤0.0004%
为了使膨胀系数尽可能低,镍含量必须在35.9%~36.2%之间。
必须使温度保持在750℃~850℃之间于非氧化气氛中进行热处理。
本发明还涉及由在20℃~100℃之间线性膨胀系数低于0.9×10-6K-1的铁/镍合金构成的荫罩板,其中铁/镍合金的化学组成包含(按重量):
        35.5%≤Ni≤37%
                Co≤0.5%
                Cr≤0.1%
                Cu≤0.1%
                Mo≤0.1%
                V≤0.1%
                Nb≤0.1%
                Mn≤0.1%
          0.03%≤Si≤0.15%
                  S≤0.001%
          0.0001%≤Ca≤0.002%
            0.0001%≤Mg≤0.002%
                      Al≤0.005%
                      O≤0.01%
                      C≤0.02%
                      N≤0.005%
                      P≤0.003%
                      H≤0.001%
                      B≤0.001%其余是铁和由于冶炼而不可避的杂质,该化学组成满足以下关系式:
S≤0.02×Mn+0.8×Ca+0.6×Mg和Cr+Cu+Mo+V+Nb+Si≤0.15%
更可取的是,构成荫罩板的铁/镍合金化学组成为:
                    Si≤0.08%
                    Cr≤0.07%
                    Cu≤0.05%
                    Mo≤0.05%
                    Mn≤0.05%
                    O≤0.005%
                    N≤0.003%
                    S≤0.0005%
                    C≤0.005%
                    B≤0.0004%
还优选镍含量在35.9%~36.2%之间。
最终,希望铁/镍合金具有粒度(根据ASTM E112-88,12.4进行测定)大于ASTM7指标的晶粒。
现在将详细地叙述本发明,但不局限于此。
通过热轧然后冷轧含有(按重量)以下组成的铁/镍合金铸锭或扁坯而得到厚度约为150μm的薄板材:
            35.5%≤Ni≤37%
                    Co≤0.5%
                    Cr≤0.1%
                    Cu≤0.1%
                    Mo≤0.1%
                    V≤0.1%
                    Nb≤0.1%
                    Mn≤0.1%
            0.03%≤Si≤0.15%
                    S≤0.001%
            0.0001%≤Ca≤0.002%
            0.0001%≤Mg≤0.002%
                      Al≤0.005%
                      O≤0.01%
                      C≤0.02%
                      N≤0.005%
                      P≤0.003%
                      H≤0.001%
                      B≤0.001%其余是铁和由于冶炼而不可避免的杂质;该化学组成满足以下关系式:
S≤0.02×Mn+0.8×Ca+0.6×Mg和Cr+Cu+Mo+V+Nb+Si≤0.15%
选择这种合金的组成以使其线性膨胀系数低于0.9×10-6K-1,优选低于0.8×10-6K-1,具有热轧与冷轧的适配性,通过化学蚀刻获得具有十分精细与极小间距并分布在整块薄板上的孔洞的适配性,以及拉拔冷成形的适配性。
使镍、铬、铜、钼、钒、铌、硅和锰的含量符合以下关系式:
Cr+Cu+Mo+V+Nb+Si≤0.15%以达到线性膨胀系数低于0.9×10-6K-1。优选镍含量在35.9%~36.2%(按重量)之间;铬含量(按重量)低于0.07%;铜、钼、锰含量低于0.05%以及硅含量低于0.08%;从而得到低于0.8×10-6K-1的线性膨胀系数。
钴含量必须保持低于0.5%以便防止污染化学蚀刻操作用的蚀刻剂。
使硫、硅、钙、镁、铝、氧和磷含量的极限符合以下关系式:
S≤0.02×Mn+0.8×Ca十0.6×Mg以获得良好的可轧制性,忽略极低的锰含量。更可取的是,氧含量必须低于0.005%,硫含量低于0.0005%。
铝含量必须低于0.005%、氮含量低于0.005%、最好低于0.003%,以便防止生成氮化铝,因为这对热可加工性是不利的。
碳含量必须保持低于0.02%,最好低于0.005%,以使降低屈服应力。这对可压延性是有利的。
氧含量被限制在0.001%以防止出现气泡。
硼含量必须保持低于0.001%、优选低于0.0004%,以便在热处理期间防止薄板表面生成易脆的氮化物。
通过化学光蚀刻方法在带材内形成极精细的孔洞。这些孔洞可能具有任何希望的形状,例如圆形或细长形。
在蚀刻出孔洞后,在其上也被蚀刻出分离线的板材被分割成薄片,构成荫罩薄片的上述薄片包含一排排的孔洞。
由此所得构成荫罩薄片的材料在室温下具有0.2%的屈服应力(580MPa~640MPa之间),这对获得所需曲率的荫罩薄片来说过高。为了减少这种屈服应力,该荫罩薄片在750℃~850℃之间温度下于含氢气氛(约10% H2,其余是N2)中退火约15分钟,由此得到的材料,它具有粒度约为15μm的晶粒、约为40A/m的矫顽力以及在20℃~100℃之间线性膨胀系数低于或等于0.9×10-6K-1
尽管已经减少了屈服应力,然而,对于使荫罩板成形成为可重复的方法来说,280MPa的屈服应力仍嫌太高。结果是必须进一步减少屈服应力。为了做到这一点,在50℃~250℃之间温度下使荫罩薄片成形。在200℃下,屈服应力约为130MPa。
作为实例,根据本发明使用具有以下化学组成的材料制造荫罩板:
                  Ni=36.13%
                  Co=0.015%
                  Cr=0.02%
                  Cu<0.01%
                  Mo=0.0055%
                  V<0.005%
                    Nb<0.005%
                    Si=0.078%
                    Mn=0.024%
                    S<0.0005%
                    Ca=0.0003%
                    Mg=0.0004%
                    Al<0.005%
                    O=0.0042%
                    C=0.003%
                    N=0.0033%
                    P<0.003%
                    H<0.001%
                    B<0.0004%
按“低于”所表示的各含量是在所用分析技术灵敏阈以下的含量。
由此所得荫罩板的局部凸状缺陷,比在根据先有技术制造的作为比较的铁/镍合金荫罩板上观察到的同类缺陷少至少15%。
由于钴含量低,这种元素不影响化学蚀刻过程。一旦管子被通电,低于55A/m的矫顽磁场对于使所用荫罩板退磁的过程特别有利。
本发明的优点之一是,无需为了限止电子轰击导致的发热而用Bi2O3、Al2O3一类涂层或硼酸铅玻璃来涂覆荫罩板。
本发明涉及具有圆形或细长形孔洞的荫罩板,这些孔洞如同在荫罩板的全长上一样能很好地在荫罩板的局部长度上均匀地扩展。这种荫罩板特别适宜于制造彩色显象管,该荫罩板具有大量间距极小的孔洞。
应该注意,根据本发明特别是含有极少量Si、Mn和Cr的荫罩薄板具有更均匀的结晶组织,这能改善化学蚀刻性。这对用作彩色显象管的荫罩板来说十分重要,因为该荫罩板必须具有间距极小的大量孔洞。

Claims (4)

1.一种由在20℃~100℃之间线性膨胀系数低于0.9×10-6K-1的铁/镍合金构成的荫罩板,其特征在于,铁/镍合金具有下面组成(按重量):
                  35.5%≤Ni≤37%
                     Co≤0.5%
                     Cr≤0.1%
                     Cu≤0.1%
                     Mo≤0.1%
                     V≤0.1%
                     Nb≤0.1%
                     Mn≤0.1%
                 0.03%≤Si≤0.15%
                     S≤0.001%
                0.0001%≤Ca≤0.002%
                0.0001%≤Mg≤0.002%
                     Al≤0.005%
                     O≤0.01%
                     C≤0.02%
                     N≤0.005%
                     P≤0.003%
                     H≤0.001%
                     B≤0.001%
其余是铁和由于冶炼而不可避免的杂质;该化学组成满足以下关系式:
S≤0.02×Mn+0.8×Ca+0.6×Mg
Cr+Cu+Mo+V+Nb+Si≤0.15%,
并且所述铁/镍合金的晶粒具有大于ASTM 7指标的粒度。
2.根据权利要求1的荫罩板,其特征在于该荫罩板由在20℃-100℃之间线性膨胀系数低于0.8×10-6K-1的铁/镍合金构成。
3.根据权利要求1或2的荫罩板,其特征在于所述铁/镍合金的化学组成中(按重量):
                    Si≤0.08%
                    Cr≤0.07%
                    Cu≤0.05%
                    Mo≤0.05%
                    Mn≤0.05%
                    O≤0.005%
                    N≤0.003%
                    S≤0.0005%
                    C≤0.005%
                    B≤0.0004%。
4.根据权利要求1或2的荫罩板,其特征在于,铁/镍合金的化学组成中(按重量):
35.9%≤Ni≤36.2%。
CN95120173A 1994-12-27 1995-12-26 铁/镍合金荫罩板 Expired - Fee Related CN1050639C (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9415663A FR2728724B1 (fr) 1994-12-27 1994-12-27 Procede de fabrication d'un masque d'ombre en alliage fer-nickel
FR9415663 1994-12-27

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CN1050639C true CN1050639C (zh) 2000-03-22

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EP (1) EP0719873B1 (zh)
JP (2) JPH08333638A (zh)
KR (1) KR100379871B1 (zh)
CN (1) CN1050639C (zh)
DE (1) DE69517577T2 (zh)
DK (1) DK0719873T3 (zh)
FR (1) FR2728724B1 (zh)
PL (1) PL186742B1 (zh)

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JP2007231423A (ja) 2007-09-13
DK0719873T3 (da) 2000-10-23
JPH08333638A (ja) 1996-12-17
US5643697A (en) 1997-07-01
EP0719873A1 (fr) 1996-07-03
FR2728724A1 (fr) 1996-06-28
PL186742B1 (pl) 2004-02-27
KR960026015A (ko) 1996-07-20
EP0719873B1 (fr) 2000-06-21
DE69517577T2 (de) 2001-03-08
FR2728724B1 (fr) 1997-01-24
CN1133896A (zh) 1996-10-23
KR100379871B1 (ko) 2003-06-19
PL312029A1 (en) 1996-07-08
DE69517577D1 (de) 2000-07-27

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