CN104969807A - Method of preventing greenhouse vegetable aphids of hoverflies - Google Patents
Method of preventing greenhouse vegetable aphids of hoverflies Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN104969807A CN104969807A CN201510425417.7A CN201510425417A CN104969807A CN 104969807 A CN104969807 A CN 104969807A CN 201510425417 A CN201510425417 A CN 201510425417A CN 104969807 A CN104969807 A CN 104969807A
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- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- aphid
- food
- cecidomyiia
- prevention
- facility
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
Abstract
The invention discloses method of preventing greenhouse vegetable aphids of hoverflies. According to the invention, a device integrating a plastic flowerpot, culture medium, tobacco seedlings, an insect preventing net and a light supplementing light is selected, so expanding propagation and recycling of hoverflies and prevention of greenhouse vegetable aphids are achieved. The method facilitates the expanding propagation and recycling of small groups of hoverflies and suitable for production of large enough groups of abnormal ladybird species. After the hoverflies are released, the hoverflies has strong adaptability to field environment. Aphid capturing rate is high, population density of the aphids can be effectively reduced and inset prevention effect can reach 85%.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of eating aphid cecidomyiia facility for prevention and control vegetable aphid, specifically, relate to a kind of eat aphid cecidomyiia expand numerous, reclaim and control vegetable aphid method, belong to controlling vegetables technical field.
Background technology
Shi Ya Gall uranotaenia is in diptera Cecidomyiidae, it is the important predator of the multiple aphids such as black peach aphid, radish aphid, melon aphid, cabbage aphid, bean aphid, having the biological propertyes such as distribution is wide, predatory number is large, fertility is strong, is the wide natural enemy insect of a kind of exploitation prospect.
The biological and ecological methods to prevent plant disease, pests, and erosion technology of current application natural enemy insect pest control has become the effective measure ensureing China's green agriculture development, about the exploitation of food aphid cecidomyiia all have many reports both at home and abroad.Shi Ya Gall mosquito is holometabolan, have the form that ovum, larva, pupa are different with adult four kinds in life, in the Shi Ya Gall mosquito aphagia in ovum phase and pupa time, predation is mainly at larva and adulthood, wherein especially large with larval phase predatory number, be the main period eliminated destructive insects.Commercial Shi Ya Gall mosquito product is using ovum, larva as application worm state.
At present, also there is a lot of not enough and defect in commercial Chrysopa, main manifestations is: (1) desinsection speed is slow, is difficult to force down insect population rapidly in vegetables in day-light greenhouse cultivation biological and ecological methods to prevent plant disease, pests, and erosion application.Food aphid cecidomyiia adult diffusibility is strong, not easily sets up the enough large population of Population, have impact on the control efficiency to aphid after the release of commodity helping digestion aphid cecidomyiia product in greenhouse by solar heat; (2) consumption is large, costly.In order to reach desirable control efficiency, must discharge the commodity helping digestion aphid cecidomyiia product of large group, causing cost accounting large, vegetable grower is reluctant to accept, and is difficult to promote in production; (3) be difficult to recycle after eating the release of aphid cecidomyiia.Utilize commodity helping digestion aphid cecidomyiia to prevent and treat vegetable-crop pest-insect also do not realize eating the recovery of aphid cecidomyiia and recycle.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is for above defect, provides a kind of method of eating aphid cecidomyiia facility for prevention and control vegetable aphid, and adopt the method, achieve and force down insect population rapidly, preventive effect is good; Consumption is few, and cost is low; The object of food aphid cecidomyiia recycling.
For solving above technical problem, the present invention by the following technical solutions: a kind of method of eating aphid cecidomyiia facility for prevention and control vegetable aphid, is characterized in that, comprise facility for prevention and control selecting step:
Select plastic flowerpot, cultivation matrix, cigarette seedling, fly net and light compensating lamp to form and expand numerous, to reclaim food aphid cecidomyiia integrated apparatus.
A kind of prioritization scheme, described cultivation matrix is contained in plastic flowerpot, and the volume of cultivation matrix is the half of plastic flowerpot volume; Plastic flowerpot inwall arranges 1 light compensating lamp topmost; The dense planting of cigarette seedling is in cultivation matrix, and fly net is sealed in plastic flowerpot mouth.
Further, population foundation step is comprised:
Integrated apparatus is put into the vegetable growing of greenhouse by solar heat in the ranks, 667m
2even placement 60, pinching during cigarette seedling 4 leaf 1 heart also inoculates cigarette aphid 50;
Greenhouse temperature keeps 20-35 DEG C daytime, night more than 15 DEG C.
Further, in population foundation step:
Cigarette aphid takes food cigarette seedling, mating, lays eggs, hatches, release food aphid cecidomyiia adult 9 in plastic flowerpot again after cigarette aphid population expanded in 10-15 days, and open light compensating lamp light filling night 6 hours, food aphid cecidomyiia takes food cigarette aphid, mating, lays eggs, hatches, and sets up population.
Further, also comprise and prevent and treat step:
Opened fly net through 15-20 days after food aphid cecidomyiia population foundation, release food aphid is spread in field and preys on aphid by cecidomyiia;
After food aphid cecidomyiia all diffuses to field, plastic flowerpot mouth sealing fly net, remaining cigarette aphid takes food cigarette seedling, mating, lays eggs, hatch, cultivation population.
Further, prevent and treat in step:
When field aphid insect density reduces to below control threshold values, open fly net, part food aphid cecidomyiia adult returns on the cigarette seedling in plastic flowerpot, the basin mouth sealing fly net when the food aphid cecidomyiia adult in each plastic flowerpot reaches more than 9, eat the mating of aphid cecidomyiia adult, lay eggs, hatch, expand breeding group.
Further, prevent and treat in step:
Open fly net when field aphid works the mischief to vegetable growth again, release food aphid is spread in field and preys on aphid by cecidomyiia.
Further, plastic flowerpot is square, high 50cm, volume 0.18m
3; Cultivation matrix is made up of by 3:1 the peat composed of rotten mosses and vermiculite; The order number of fly net is 50.
Further, field planting cigarette seedling 25-30 strain in cultivation matrix; Light compensating lamp is the incandescent lamp of rated voltage 1.5 volts, power 0.5 watt.
Further, the control rate of aphid is 87.6%-91.2%.
During cigarette seedling 4 leaf 1 heart, pinching inspires lateral bud, for cigarette aphid provides abundant food source.
Note the rich water quality management strengthening cigarette seedling, ensure the amount of growth of cigarette seedling.
Control threshold values refers to the minimum insect density that field aphid works the mischief to vegetable growth.Adopt yellow card's trap method to measure the control threshold values of aphid, respectively hang the yellow plate of 1 25cm × 40cm at greenhouse by solar heat two ends and middle part, with the control threshold values of Aphed population prediction aphid of yellow card's trap every day every square metre, when the Aphed population of yellow card's trap is less than 5 m
-2day
-1, be field aphid insect density below control threshold values, can not work the mischief to vegetable growth; When the Aphed population of yellow card's trap is not less than 5 m
-2day
-1, can work the mischief to vegetable growth.
The food aphid cecidomyiia population of setting up in plastic flowerpot comprises the food aphid cecidomyiia of the various worm states such as adult, larva, pupa, ovum.
After the present invention adopts above technical scheme, compared with prior art, have the following advantages: be conducive to utilizing the food aphid cecidomyiia of microcommunity to expand numerous foundation and be suitable for the enough large food aphid cecidomyiia population of the Population of production, the consumption of food aphid cecidomyiia is 9% of conventional amount used, commodity helping digestion aphid cecidomyiia product consumption is few, significantly can reduce expenses for prevention and control.
Do not need specific artificial feeding environmental condition, but carry out under the field conditions condition of facilities vegetable growth, adaptable to field conditions after release, food rate flutterred to aphid high, can effectively reduce aphid insect density, control efficiency can reach 87.6%-91.2%, improves 12.8%-16.7% than conventional method; Volume increase reaches 8.7%-13.5%.
The method can realize the recycling of food aphid cecidomyiia; Method design is simple, easy to operate and popularization.
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is described in detail.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Accompanying drawing 1 is the structural representation of integrated apparatus in the embodiment of the present invention;
In figure,
1-plastic flowerpot, 2-cultivation matrix, 3-cigarette seedling, 4-fly net, 5-light compensating lamp.
Embodiment
The present embodiment is for the ease of understanding the present invention, and the claim do not limited the present invention in any way and core content.
embodimentas shown in Figure 1, eat a method for aphid cecidomyiia facility for prevention and control vegetable aphid, comprise facility for prevention and control selecting step: expansion is numerous, recovery is eaten aphid cecidomyiia and utilizes the integrated apparatus eating aphid cecidomyiia facility for prevention and control vegetable-crop pest-insect to select square plastic flowerpot 1, cultivation matrix 2, cigarette seedling 3, fly net 4 and light compensating lamp 5 to form; The high 50cm of plastic flowerpot 1, volume 0.18m
3, plastic flowerpot 1 inwall arranges 1 rated voltage 1.5 volts topmost, light compensating lamp 5 made by the incandescent lamp of power 0.5 watt; Contain the cultivation matrix 2 be made up of by 3:1 the peat composed of rotten mosses and vermiculite in plastic flowerpot 1, the volume of cultivation matrix 2 is the half of plastic flowerpot 1 volume, dense planting 25-30 strain cigarette seedling 3 in cultivation matrix 2; Plastic flowerpot 1 mouthful sealing 50 order fly nets 4.
Population foundation step: above-mentioned integrated apparatus is put into the vegetable growing of greenhouse by solar heat in the ranks, 667m
2greenhouse by solar heat evenly places 60, pinching when cigarette seedling 3 has 4 leaf 1 heart also inoculates cigarette aphid 50, greenhouse temperature keeps 20-35 DEG C daytime, and night more than 15 DEG C, cigarette aphid takes food cigarette seedling 3, mating, lay eggs, hatch, after within 10-15 days, cigarette aphid population expands, release food aphid cecidomyiia adult 9 (sex ration 2:1) in plastic flowerpot 1 again, opens light compensating lamp light filling night 6 hours, and food aphid cecidomyiia takes food cigarette aphid, mating, lay eggs, hatch, set up food aphid cecidomyiia population.
Prevent and treat step: ate aphid cecidomyiia Population through 15-20 days in each plastic flowerpot and reach after more than 100 and open fly net 4, release food aphid is spread in field and preys on aphid by cecidomyiia; After food aphid cecidomyiia all diffuses to field, plastic flowerpot 1 mouthful sealing fly net 4, remaining cigarette aphid takes food cigarette seedling, mating, lays eggs, hatch, cultivation cigarette aphid population;
When field aphid insect density reduces to below control threshold values, open fly net 4, part food aphid cecidomyiia adult returns on the cigarette seedling in plastic flowerpot 1, the basin mouth sealing fly net 4 when the food aphid cecidomyiia adult in each plastic flowerpot 1 reaches more than 9, the mating in plastic flowerpot 1 of food aphid cecidomyiia adult, lay eggs, hatching, expand numerous food aphid cecidomyiia population, the food aphid cecidomyiia population that Population reaches more than 100 scales is set up in each plastic flowerpot 1, fly net 4 is opened when field aphid works the mischief to vegetable growth again, release food aphid is spread in field and preys on aphid by cecidomyiia.
The beneficial effect that the present embodiment brings:
(1) a certain Tomato in Greenhouse in Shouguang City, by greenhouse one dividing into three, centre separates with 60 order fly nets, and 1/3 by the anti-(667m that eliminates aphis of the present invention
2the initial consumption of food aphid cecidomyiia 540), 1/3 discharges the anti-(667m that eliminates aphis of food aphid cecidomyiia according to a conventional method
2food aphid cecidomyiia burst size 6000), 1/3 by not adopting any prophylactico-therapeutic measures, and other control measures are completely the same.The control rate of statistics aphid, the present invention is 89.1%, and conventional method release food aphid cecidomyiia is 76.3%; 667m of the present invention
2output 10471.8kg, conventional method 667m
2output 9374.5kg, the present invention is than conventional method volume increase 11.7%.
(2) a certain cucumber in solar-greenhouse in Shouguang City, by greenhouse one dividing into three, centre separates with 60 order fly nets, and 1/3 by the anti-(667m that eliminates aphis of the present invention
2the initial consumption of food aphid cecidomyiia 540), 1/3 discharges the anti-(667m that eliminates aphis of food aphid cecidomyiia according to a conventional method
2food aphid cecidomyiia burst size 6000), 1/3 by not adopting any prophylactico-therapeutic measures, and other control measures are completely the same.The control rate of statistics aphid, the present invention is 88.5%, and conventional method release food aphid cecidomyiia is 71.8%; 667m of the present invention
2output 16557.2kg, conventional method 667m
2output 14986.9kg, the present invention is than conventional method volume increase 10.5%.
(3) a certain Temperature Depression of Eggplant in Solar Greenhouse in Shouguang City, by greenhouse one dividing into three, centre separates with 60 order fly nets, and 1/3 by the anti-(667m that eliminates aphis of the present invention
2the initial consumption of food aphid cecidomyiia 540), 1/3 discharges the anti-(667m that eliminates aphis of food aphid cecidomyiia according to a conventional method
2food aphid cecidomyiia burst size 6000), 1/3 by not adopting any prophylactico-therapeutic measures, and other control measures are completely the same.The control rate of statistics aphid, the present invention is 91.2%, and conventional method release food aphid cecidomyiia is 77.3%; 667m of the present invention
2output 18695.1kg, conventional method 667m
2output 16979.7kg, the present invention is than conventional method volume increase 10.1%.
(4) the color green pepper of a certain greenhouse by solar heat in Shouguang City, by greenhouse one dividing into three, centre separates with 60 order fly nets, and 1/3 by the anti-(667m that eliminates aphis of the present invention
2the initial consumption of food aphid cecidomyiia 540), 1/3 discharges the anti-(667m that eliminates aphis of food aphid cecidomyiia according to a conventional method
2food aphid cecidomyiia burst size 6000), 1/3 by not adopting any prophylactico-therapeutic measures, and other control measures are completely the same.The control rate of statistics aphid, the present invention is 90.8%, and conventional method release food aphid cecidomyiia is 75.3%; 667m of the present invention
2output 6713.4kg, conventional method 667m
2output 6175.7kg, the present invention is than conventional method volume increase 8.7%.
(5) a certain summer squash in greenhouse in Shouguang City, by greenhouse one dividing into three, centre separates with 60 order fly nets, and 1/3 by the anti-(667m that eliminates aphis of the present invention
2the initial consumption of food aphid cecidomyiia 540), 1/3 discharges the anti-(667m that eliminates aphis of food aphid cecidomyiia according to a conventional method
2food aphid cecidomyiia burst size 6000), 1/3 by not adopting any prophylactico-therapeutic measures, and other control measures are completely the same.The control rate of statistics aphid, the present invention is 87.6%, and conventional method release food aphid cecidomyiia is 73.5%; 667m of the present invention
2output 12793.5kg, conventional method 667m
2output 11269.4kg, the present invention is than conventional method volume increase 13.5%.
The above is the citing of best mode for carrying out the invention, and the part wherein do not addressed in detail is the common practise of those of ordinary skill in the art.Protection scope of the present invention is as the criterion with the content of claim, and any equivalent transformation carried out based on technology enlightenment of the present invention, also within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. eat a method for aphid cecidomyiia facility for prevention and control vegetable aphid, it is characterized in that, comprise facility for prevention and control selecting step:
Select plastic flowerpot, cultivation matrix, cigarette seedling, fly net and light compensating lamp to form and expand numerous, to reclaim food aphid cecidomyiia integrated apparatus.
2. the method for food aphid cecidomyiia facility for prevention and control vegetable aphid as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described cultivation matrix is contained in plastic flowerpot, the volume of cultivation matrix is the half of plastic flowerpot volume; Plastic flowerpot inwall arranges 1 light compensating lamp topmost; The dense planting of cigarette seedling is in cultivation matrix, and fly net is sealed in plastic flowerpot mouth.
3. the method for food aphid cecidomyiia facility for prevention and control vegetable aphid as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, comprise population foundation step:
Integrated apparatus is put into the vegetable growing of greenhouse by solar heat in the ranks, 667m
2even placement 60, pinching during cigarette seedling 4 leaf 1 heart also inoculates cigarette aphid 50;
Greenhouse temperature keeps 20-35 DEG C daytime, night more than 15 DEG C.
4. the method for food aphid cecidomyiia facility for prevention and control vegetable aphid as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, in population foundation step:
Cigarette aphid takes food cigarette seedling, mating, lays eggs, hatches, release food aphid cecidomyiia adult 9 in plastic flowerpot again after cigarette aphid population expanded in 10-15 days, and open light compensating lamp light filling night 6 hours, food aphid cecidomyiia takes food cigarette aphid, mating, lays eggs, hatches, and sets up population.
5. the method for food aphid cecidomyiia facility for prevention and control vegetable aphid as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, also comprise and prevent and treat step:
Opened fly net through 15-20 days after food aphid cecidomyiia population foundation, release food aphid is spread in field and preys on aphid by cecidomyiia;
After food aphid cecidomyiia all diffuses to field, plastic flowerpot mouth sealing fly net, remaining cigarette aphid takes food cigarette seedling, mating, lays eggs, hatch, cultivation population.
6. the method for food aphid cecidomyiia facility for prevention and control vegetable aphid as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, prevent and treat in step:
When field aphid insect density reduces to below control threshold values, open fly net, part food aphid cecidomyiia adult returns on the cigarette seedling in plastic flowerpot, the basin mouth sealing fly net when the food aphid cecidomyiia adult in each plastic flowerpot reaches more than 9, eat the mating of aphid cecidomyiia adult, lay eggs, hatch, expand breeding group.
7. the method for food aphid cecidomyiia facility for prevention and control vegetable aphid as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, prevent and treat in step:
Open fly net when field aphid works the mischief to vegetable growth again, release food aphid is spread in field and preys on aphid by cecidomyiia.
8. the method for food aphid cecidomyiia facility for prevention and control vegetable aphid as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: plastic flowerpot is square, high 50cm, volume 0.18m
3; Cultivation matrix is made up of by 3:1 the peat composed of rotten mosses and vermiculite; The order number of fly net is 50.
9. the method for food aphid cecidomyiia facility for prevention and control vegetable aphid as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: field planting cigarette seedling 25-30 strain in cultivation matrix; Light compensating lamp is the incandescent lamp of rated voltage 1.5 volts, power 0.5 watt.
10. the method for food aphid cecidomyiia facility for prevention and control vegetable aphid as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the control rate of aphid is 87.6%-91.2%.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510425417.7A CN104969807B (en) | 2015-07-20 | 2015-07-20 | A kind of method for eating aphid cecidomyiia facility for prevention and control vegetable aphid |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510425417.7A CN104969807B (en) | 2015-07-20 | 2015-07-20 | A kind of method for eating aphid cecidomyiia facility for prevention and control vegetable aphid |
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| CN104969807A true CN104969807A (en) | 2015-10-14 |
| CN104969807B CN104969807B (en) | 2018-01-12 |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108371146A (en) * | 2018-02-12 | 2018-08-07 | 贵州大学 | A kind of release tech of food aphid cecidomyiia |
| CN113330962A (en) * | 2021-05-26 | 2021-09-03 | 山东省农业科学院 | Method for preventing and treating facility strawberry aphids by eating cecidomyiia |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108371146A (en) * | 2018-02-12 | 2018-08-07 | 贵州大学 | A kind of release tech of food aphid cecidomyiia |
| CN113330962A (en) * | 2021-05-26 | 2021-09-03 | 山东省农业科学院 | Method for preventing and treating facility strawberry aphids by eating cecidomyiia |
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| CN104969807B (en) | 2018-01-12 |
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