CN104788237A - Selenium-zinc-iron-rich microbial fermentation fertilizer for wheat as well as preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Selenium-zinc-iron-rich microbial fermentation fertilizer for wheat as well as preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a selenium-zinc-iron-rich microbial fermentation fertilizer for wheat as well as a preparation method and an application thereof. The microbial fermentation fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 0.0005-0.001 part of selenite, 0.2-0.3 part of zinc salt, 0.35-0.5 part of ferrite, 30-45 parts of rice husk, 35-50 parts of chicken manure, 20-30 parts of mushroom residue, 2.5-3.5 parts of rapeseed meal, 4-6 parts of cottonseed meal, 2.5-3.5 parts of bean pulp and 0.005-0.01 part of leavening agent. By adopting the selenium-zinc-iron-rich microbial fermentation fertilizer for wheat, the inorganic selenium, zinc and ferric salt, the animal and plant wastes and the leavening agent containing various microbes are combined and fermented in stacks, the growth of the wheat is promoted, and the yield of the wheat and the contents of the selenium, zinc and iron element in the wheat grain are obviously increased.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to fertilizer application technical field, particularly relate to a grow wheat rich selenium zinc-iron fermentable fertilizer and its preparation method and application.
Background technology
Selenium, zinc, iron are the requisite trace elements of human body, it is nutrient substance indispensable in Chinese Soclety of Nutrition's dietary nutrition every day tension metrics, the too low meeting of intake causes functional or organic change, there is various diseases, such as: human body lacks selenium can produce Keshan disease, Kaschin-Beck disease and gastrointestinal disorder etc.; Scarce zinc can cause the diseases such as such as apocleisis is particular about food, immunologic function reduction, MR; The diseases such as iron deficiency can cause anaemia, body resistance infection reduces, infertile.
Scarce selenium is an international problem, the low selenium zonation of a roughly broadwise is respectively had at southern hemisphere and northern hemisphere, approximately include more than 40 countries and regions, lack selenium as Finland is almost whole, the countries such as the U.S., Britain, Japan, Canada, New Zealand, Russia and South East Asia have large-area territory to lack selenium.China is internationally recognized Que Xi big country, lacks selenium area and accounts for 72% of area, and wherein 30% is serious scarce selenium area, and the population living in scarce selenium area has 400,000,000 more than.In China, main grain producing region such as Northeast plain, Henan, Hebei, Chengdu Plain etc. are all exactly scarce selenium or serious scarce selenium area.The investigation of Chinese Soclety of Nutrition to 13 provinces and cities of China shows, China's average daily selenium intake of being grown up is only 26 ~ 32 micrograms, lower than 50 microgram standards of world health organisation recommendations, the amount of farther daily iron supplement 50 to 200 microgram lower than Chinese Soclety of Nutrition's suggestion, affects the physique of the nation people.
In many areas, the world, especially more than pH6.5 soil, quick-acting Zn content is lower, and Soil Available Zinc is under-supply, causes plant tissue to occur lacking zinc situation, causes the population in the whole world about 1/3rd to lack zinc.Iron is often exist with more stable oxide form Fe (III) in soil, solubleness in water is very low, the iron proportion that can utilize for plant absorption is less, most plant is owing to lacking the active mechanism absorbing iron from soil, show iron deficiency symptoms, cause iron level in food general lower.The whole world about 2,000,000,000 people causes anaemia because of iron deficiency.Although people take number of ways for the shortage of selenium, zinc, iron and supplement, generally believe that the selenium of human body, zinc, iron are mainly derived from food, tonic selenium, zinc, iron are more suitable, favourable HUMAN HEALTH.
Wheat is the staple food crop of China, and plantation distributed areas are vast, and the population that the whole nation is staple food with whole meal flour and goods thereof accounts for 50% of total population; In addition, take wheat grain as northern crowd often edible whole meal flour and the goods thereof of staple food.The solution mankind in the approach of micro-demand, the bioaugmentation measure of wheat grain trace element is one of most important approach.
At present, improve wheat grain medium trace element content approach and be broadly divided into two large classes: a class is the kind by breeding methods seed selection rich trace elements; Another kind of is the micronutrient levels improved by agro-ecology strengthening in wheat grain.Wherein, during wheat planting, use farming measure, by reasonable assembly and fertilizer of planning strategies for, increasing trace element-selenium, zinc, the accumulation of iron in wheat grain, thus improve wheat grain selenium, zinc, iron level, is a kind of continuable, safe and economic scheme.
The method of current domestic production selenium-rich nutritive whole meal flour is mainly soaked Wheat Species grain by sodium selenite solution, is improved wheat kernels organic selenium content, as Chinese patent CN102283002A " cultivation technique of Se-rich wheat ", CN101717294A " Se-enriched bio-organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof " in conjunction with wheat growth stage foliage-spray.Both are common weak point: be all foliage-spray inorganic selenium or chelating selenium in production process, because leaf is not main absorption of nutrient ingredients organ, receptivity is limited, and the inorganic selenium that non-absorption of residual stays farmland easily causes selenium contamination.
Also have by improving the content of wheat kernels medium trace element in the wheat growth cycle by fertilising.As Chinese patent CN102511273A " Wheat rich in organic selenium and production method thereof ", disclose a kind of by using nanometer selenium plant nutrient agent production Wheat rich in organic selenium in a period of wheat or multiple period, Wheat rich in organic selenium stable content is controlled, the ratio of organoselenium is high, it is effective to absorb, but the method only proposes the technical scheme of producing a kind of trace element.
Chinese patent CN102219586A " grow wheat, potato rich zinc, rich selenium seed manure specially " disclose a kind of wheat seed and the fertilizer containing Sodium Selenite and zinc sulfate are fully mixed thoroughly after sow deep placement thus make the method for the rich selenium of wheat grain rich zinc again, the weak point of the method is: no matter winter wheat or spring wheat, after planting certain period domestic demand repeatedly water meet Seed imbibes amount requirement with stratification, take root, Sodium Selenite and zinc sulfate soluble in water, can run off because watering; In addition, due to the dominant absorption organ that root system is crop, wheat is tillering phase and kernel maturity stage to trace element vigorous absorption period, and wheat overwintering period increment is minimum or substantially do not grow, trace element-selenium obviously in seed manure specially described in the method, zinc only spring wheat seeding turn green, tiller after just absorbed by wheat root, the utilization ratio of selenium zinc is very low.
Chinese patent CN103130553A discloses a kind of antibiotic bioactive selenium-enriched organic fertilizer making method, certainweight powder trace element will be added after micro-to silkworm excrement, chicken manure etc. and microbiobacterial agent oxygen ferment at constant temperature, farmland is used through granulation, cryodrying or air-dry biological activity selenium-enriched organic fertilizer of making, crop selenium content is improved by Root Absorption, selenium in crop mainly exists with the form of organoselenium, has obvious progress.But ferment at constant temperature temperature is 32 DEG C in the method, the a large amount of parasitic ovum and pathogenic micro-organism that contain in the organic wastes such as chicken powder can not be killed, this biological active organic fertilizer uses farmland, obviously there is pathophorous risk, does not meet organic waste and disposes fundamental principle.
Therefore, be necessary how research and inquirement improves rich ferroselenium zinc fertilizer material of the prior art further, and for being rich in the production of the various nutritive element wheat grains such as selenium, iron, zinc, provide the rich ferroselenium zinc fertilizer material of a grow wheat and application process thereof.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a grow wheat rich selenium zinc-iron fermentable fertilizer and its preparation method and application, this fertilizer can provide other nutritive substance needed for selenium, iron, zinc element and plant growth, contribute to the growth of crop, and improve wheat to the specific absorption of selenium, iron, zinc and transformation efficiency.
One grow wheat rich selenium zinc-iron fermentable fertilizer, with parts by weight, comprises following component:
Wheat of the present invention rich selenium zinc-iron fermentable fertilizer is mainly formed by the fermentation of banking up of inorganic selenium, zinc, molysite and animals and plants waste material and the starter that is rich in multiple-microorganism, when using less selenium, iron, zinc, the rich ferroselenium zinc wheat grain reaching relevant criterion (in NY861-2004 grain (containing cereal, beans, potato class), GB/T14609-2008 grain and goods eight kinds of element limitations such as lead, cadmium, chromium, mercury, selenium, arsenic, copper, zinc) can be produced.
Wherein, the inorganic selenium salt in fertilizer adopts selenite, preferably, and Sodium Selenite; Inorganic zinc salt adopts zinc sulfate; Inorganic molysite adopts ferrous salt, preferably, and ferrous sulfate.
Chicken manure is a kind of high-quality fertilizer of routine, and organic content reaches 25.5%, also containing purity nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, crude protein and the various trace elements such as fat and calcium, magnesium, copper, iron, zinc.Chicken manure is not directly applied in soil as fertilizer, has to pass through and becomes thoroughly decomposed fully, and the parasite be present in chicken manure and worm's ovum and more communicable germs are carried out deactivation by digest process.Chicken manure of the present invention be fresh excreta air-dry after argol just, it is nutritious, and the breeding activity that can be microorganism provides abundant food source and the energy.
Bacterium chaff (waste material of edible mushroom) is the culture material after culturing edible fungus, containing rich in protein and organism and multiple mineral element, can increase soil fertility, and improvement soil, more can promote that wheat is to the absorption of selenium, zinc, iron.Find through experiment, after adding bacterium chaff in fertilizer of the present invention, in wheat grain, the accumulation volume of selenium, zinc, iron obviously increases.Particularly, adopt the content of iron in the wheat grain of the Waste compost plantation after secondary plantation bacterium mushroom to significantly improve, this may be because the Waste compost after secondary plantation bacterium mushroom better can improve soil pH value, thus promotes that wheat is to the absorption of Iron in Soil.The bacterium chaff adopted in the present invention is the Waste compost that after first time plantation flat mushroom, secondary cultivates Pleurotus eryngii generation.
The dish dregs of rice, i.e. rapeseed meal, refer to the waste residue after rapeseed oil, and it is rich in crude protein and robust fibre; Cotton dregs refer to cottonseed meal, and be the face cake that cottonseed draws after squeezing, it contains abundant crude protein; Dregs of beans, i.e. soybean meal, refer to the byproduct after soybean extracting bean oil.
The dish dregs of rice of the present invention, cotton dregs and dregs of beans are respectively the waste residue after Semen Brassicae campestris, cottonseed or soybean extract oil and dry 12 ~ 24h through 60 ~ 80 DEG C, obtain after pulverizing.
Starter of the present invention refers to compound microbial culture starter, can adopt conventional commercial product.In addition, find through experiment, add deciduous tree fallen leaves in fermentable fertilizer after, wheat yield improves, and in wheat grain, the content of selenium improves.
Present invention also offers a kind of method preparing wheat rich selenium zinc-iron fermentable fertilizer, comprise the following steps:
(1) by after rice hull steaming-boiling, dry, be ground into the rice husk powder that particle diameter is 2 ~ 3mm;
(2) again rice husk powder is mixed with cotton dregs, dregs of beans, the dish dregs of rice, chicken manure and bacterium chaff;
(3) then add the selenite aqueous solution, zinc salt solution, perferrite solution and starter diluent, after mixing, form stockpile, add water, carry out fermentation of banking up, obtain wheat rich selenium zinc-iron fermentable fertilizer.
Rice husk, primarily of coetonium, inner glume, sterile lemma and rachilla composition, rich cellulose, xylogen, silicon-dioxide, its surperficial xylogen marshalling is closely knit, and hardness is large, and wax thickness, not easily absorbs water, lightweight, difficult rotten.So, need to carry out pre-treatment to rice husk, rice husk just can be made to be easy to be utilized Sum decomposition by microorganism banking up in fermenting process.
Rice husk being carried out boiling can make it become open-textured sponge sheet Rotating fields, water-retentivity, water-absorbent and air permeability improve, and make its Mierocrystalline cellulose and most of xylogen degraded, Mierocrystalline cellulose becomes water-soluble, and what be beneficial to microorganism in fermenting process utilizes Sum decomposition; And dry, that crushing process makes rice husk become is Powdered, improves the water-retaining capacity of rice husk, is beneficial to fermentation equally.
Wherein, the temperature of boiling is 60 ~ 80 DEG C, and the time is 5 ~ 10min; The temperature of drying is 50 ~ 70 DEG C, and the time is 15 ~ 30min.
Banking up in stockpile process, the weight >=1000kg of a windrow, the length of windrow, width and highly all >=1 meter, select carry out windrow the best the morning of fine day, bank up place on the sunny side, covered with plastic film.Owing to needing guarantee to provide sufficient oxygen in fermenting process of banking up; so that the normal activity of aerobic microbiological in stockpile; on stockpile, some hollow bamboo poles are inserted at interval; bamboo pole bottom is positioned in the middle part of stockpile; top exceeds stockpile; oxygen is entered by bamboo pole to be entered in stockpile smoothly, prevents because of anoxic in stockpile, clostridium septicum and facultative anaerobe being preponderated in stockpile and causes windrow smelly.
Along with stockpile is banked up the prolongation of time, temperature in stockpile can raise gradually, when stockpile temperature rises to 50 ~ 55 DEG C (generally about 48 ~ 72 hours), turning need be carried out, windrow is up and down turned evenly in the inside, then covered with plastic film again, after general turning 3 ~ 4 times, fermentation material in stockpile just becomes thoroughly decomposed completely, can terminate fermentation.For the ease of controlling stockpile temperature, several thermometers can be inserted in stockpile, in a general stockpile, inserting 3.
Fertilizer material to be fermented needs continuous stirring in the process of mixing, after being mixed by rice husk powder, adds selenite, zinc salt, ferrous salt and starter diluent while stirring with cotton dregs, dregs of beans, chicken manure and bacterium chaff; Afterwards, the deciduous tree fallen leaves of 10 ~ 15 parts can also be added again.Deciduous tree fallen leaves are the dead leaf dropped the deciduous tree time in autumn, deciduous tree mainly white birch, Chinese parasol tree and the willow that the present invention adopts.The fallen leaves of above-mentioned deciduous tree are joined the content that the fertilizer obtained in stockpile to be fermented can significantly improve zinc in wheat grain.
After selenite, zinc salt and ferrous salt all fully need dissolve in water, could mix with other raw materials, to improve the absorption of plant to selenite, so, adopt the selenite aqueous solution, zinc salt solution and perferrite solution in above-mentioned method for preparing fertilizer.
Described starter diluent is the diluent that liquid state fermentation agent obtains after clear water dilution, and wherein the volume ratio of liquid state fermentation agent and water is 1: 100.
In step (3), after forming stockpile, also need to add a certain amount of water, ensure the humidity of fermentable environment, but the moisture added is unsuitable too high, as preferably, in stockpile quality for 1t, the addition of described water is 400 ~ 500kg, guarantees that the water content of stockpile remains on 55 ~ 65%, namely with when holding tight fermentation raw material, water is had to ooze out between finger seam and not lower of water is advisable.
When stockpile temperature starts obvious reduction, material loosens, the stink before former fermentation starts, and slightly ammonia taste, in heap during discontented white hypha, show that fermentation completes.Material (i.e. fertilizer) after this fermentation can directly be applied in wheat paddock.As preferably, the wheat rich selenium zinc-iron fermentable fertilizer described in applying at wheat heading stage, amount of application is 100 ~ 200kg/ mu.This fertilizer was carried out topdressing using at heading stage, not only can reduce rate of fertilizer, but also the selenium in fertilizer, zinc, ferro element can be made fully to be absorbed by wheat and be transported in seed, improve wheat to the specific absorption of selenium, iron, zinc and transformation efficiency; In addition, the nutrition be not fully absorbed in fertilizer can continue to be stored in soil, for the plantation of next harvest wheat provides nutrient, decreases the amount of application of base manure in next harvest wheat cultivation.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
(1) inorganic selenium, zinc, molysite and animals and plants waste material and the starter that is rich in multiple-microorganism are combined by wheat provided by the invention rich selenium zinc-iron fermentable fertilizer, carry out fermentation of banking up, promote the growth of wheat, significantly improve the content of selenium, zinc, ferro element in the output of wheat and wheat grain;
(2) chicken manure is comprised in the component of wheat of the present invention rich selenium zinc-iron fermentable fertilizer, rice husk, the organic fertilizer such as bacterium chaff and dregs of rice fertilizer, this organic fertilizer is except containing biochemical fulvic acid, outside amino acid isoreactivity organic substance, the physiologically active substance of plant growth is conducive to as IAA etc. also containing microorganism secretion in composting process, these organic materialss can stimulate root system development and the plant strain growth of crop, for soil provides larger surge capability, biochemical fulvic acid in fertilizer, amino acid is conducive to slowing down ferrous oxidation, improve selenium, zinc, the biological effectiveness of iron and wheat are to selenium, iron, the utilization ratio of zinc.
Embodiment
Cultivation management: adopt the method for culturing and transplanting seedlings to carry out wheat cultivation, provide adequate water during wheat cultivation; In the following example, unspecified cultivation management, pest control measure all adopt conventional measure; The conventional composite fertilizer adopted when wheat is transplanted is that the large nitro economic benefits and social benefits of wheat tailored version Nintaus are fertile, originates from Shandong Kingenta Bio-engineering Stock Co., Ltd.; The starter adopted in fertilizer is microbial starter culture or the ight soil decomposition agent of conventional commercial; What the following example adopted is agriculture Citroen zx ight soil decomposition agent purchased from agriculture Citroen zx bio tech ltd.
After wheat maturation, carry out the mensuration surveying selenium, zinc, iron level in product and wheat grain;
The measuring method of selenium, zinc, iron level in wheat grain: according to GB 5009.93-2010 " mensuration of selenium in food " and the GB/T14609-2008 mensuration flame atomic absorption spectrometry of copper, iron, manganese, zinc, calcium, magnesium " in the grain and oil detection Grain and its product ".
Embodiment 1
The wheat that the present embodiment provides rich selenium zinc-iron fermentable fertilizer, with parts by weight, concrete component and usage ratio are: Sodium Selenite 0.0005 part; 0.2 part, zinc sulfate; 0.35 part, ferrous sulfate; 40 parts, rice husk; Chicken manure 48 parts; Bacterium chaff 23 parts; The dish dregs of rice 3 parts; Cotton dregs 5.4 parts; Dregs of beans 3 parts; Starter 0.05 part.
In the present embodiment, experiment place is Wei Gang town, Qiaocheng District, Haozhou city, Anhui Province; The soil fertility of determination experiment field is medium, that is: soil pH=6.8, the soil organism 6.2%, hydrolyzable nitrogen 55 mg/kg, rapid available phosphorus 17 mg/kg, available potassium 138 mg/kg; Examination wheat breed is supplied to be Anhui wheat 52.Wheat sowing mid-October, conventional fertilizer application and Guan Shui, late April next year enters heading stage.
The preparation method of above-mentioned wheat rich selenium zinc-iron fermentable fertilizer is:
(1) by after rice husk 70 DEG C of boiling 6min, dry 15min, be ground into the rice husk powder that particle diameter is 2mm for 70 DEG C;
(2) again rice husk powder is mixed with cotton dregs, dregs of beans, the dish dregs of rice, chicken manure and bacterium chaff;
(3) sodium selenite aqueous solution, zinc sulfate solution, ferrous sulfate aqueous solution and starter diluent is then added, after mixing, form stockpile, in 1t stockpile, add the water of 400kg, carry out fermentation of banking up, obtain wheat rich selenium zinc-iron fermentable fertilizer.
Described chicken manure be the argol of fresh chicken manure just after air-dry 35h just; Described bacterium chaff is for planting flat mushroom, the Waste compost produced after being used further to Xinbao mushroom culturing for the first time; Described cotton dregs, dregs of beans and the dish dregs of rice are respectively the waste residue after cottonseed, soybean, rapeseed oil and dry 18h through 70 DEG C, obtain after pulverizing; Described sodium selenite aqueous solution, zinc sulfate solution and ferrous sulfate aqueous solution are that Sodium Selenite, zinc sulfate and ferrous sulfate obtain after clear water fully dissolves and dilutes.Above-mentioned starter diluent is the diluent that liquid state fermentation agent obtains after clear water dilution, and wherein the volume ratio of liquid state fermentation agent and water is 1
:100.
Banking up in stockpile process, the weight of windrow is 1560kg, length, the width of windrow and be highly 1.3 ~ 1.4 meters, selects carry out windrow the morning of fine day, banks up place on the sunny side, covered with plastic film.On stockpile, some hollow bamboo poles are inserted at interval, bamboo pole bottom is positioned in the middle part of stockpile, top exceeds stockpile, oxygen is entered by bamboo pole and enters in stockpile smoothly, prevent because of anoxic in stockpile, clostridium septicum and facultative anaerobe being preponderated in stockpile and cause windrow smelly.
After 50 hours, stockpile temperature rises between 50 ~ 55 DEG C, carries out turning, turns evenly in the inside up and down by windrow, then covered with plastic film again, after repetition turning 4 times, stockpile temperature starts obvious reduction, and material loosens, stink before former fermentation starts, and slightly ammonia taste, in heap during discontented white hypha, show that fermentation completes.
Use when the fertilizer above-mentioned fermentation completed carries out when wheat enters heading stage, consumption is 100kg/ mu; In addition, conventional composite fertilizer (Nintaus's barley and wheat tailored version nitro economic benefits and social benefits are fertile) 40.5kg/ mu is used when wheat is transplanted.
Contrast: use when transplanting with wheat do not use the present invention's richness selenium zinc-iron fermentable fertilizer at conventional composite fertilizer, heading stage experimental plot in contrast, but all the other cultivation management methods are identical.
The concrete outcome of above-mentioned test is as follows:
After testing, after using the wheat maturation of rich selenium zinc-iron fermentable fertilizer, total selenium content of every kilogram of flour is 0.18 milligram ~ 0.26 milligram, average out to 0.22 milligram; Zn content is 35.22 milligrams ~ 43.91 milligrams, average out to 37.29 milligrams; Iron level is 57.45 milligrams ~ 77.26 milligrams, average out to 68.62 milligrams.
Embodiment 2
In the present embodiment following content and embodiment 1 incomplete same outside, all the other contents are completely the same.
The wheat that the present embodiment provides rich selenium zinc-iron fermentable fertilizer, with parts by weight, concrete component and usage ratio are: Sodium Selenite 0.0007 part; 0.3 part, zinc sulfate; 0.5 part, ferrous sulfate; 43 parts, rice husk; Chicken manure 44 parts; Bacterium chaff 30 parts; The dish dregs of rice 3.2 parts; Cotton dregs 4.4 parts; Dregs of beans 3.5 parts; Starter 0.1 part.
Use when the fertilizer above-mentioned fermentation completed carries out when wheat enters heading stage, consumption is 200kg/ mu; In addition, conventional composite fertilizer (Nintaus's barley and wheat tailored version nitro economic benefits and social benefits are fertile) 40.5kg/ mu is used when wheat is transplanted.
Contrast: use when transplanting with wheat do not use the present invention's richness selenium zinc-iron fermentable fertilizer at conventional composite fertilizer, heading stage experimental plot in contrast, but all the other cultivation management methods are identical.
The concrete outcome of above-mentioned test is as follows:
After testing, total selenium content of every kilogram of whole meal flour is 0.20 milligram ~ 0.30 milligram, average out to 0.27 milligram; Zn content at 38.75 milligrams ~ 48.33 milligrams, average out to 45.15 milligrams; Iron level at 65.81 milligrams ~ 88.29 milligrams, average out to 73.28 milligrams.
Embodiment 3
In the present embodiment following content and embodiment 1 incomplete same outside, all the other contents are completely the same.
The wheat that the present embodiment provides rich selenium zinc-iron fermentable fertilizer, with parts by weight, concrete component and usage ratio are: Sodium Selenite 0.001 part; 0.3 part, zinc sulfate; 0.35 part, ferrous sulfate; 30 parts, rice husk; Chicken manure 50 parts; Bacterium chaff 30 parts; The dish dregs of rice 2.5 parts; Cotton dregs 6 parts; Dregs of beans 3.5 parts; Starter 0.1 part.
Use when the fertilizer above-mentioned fermentation completed carries out when wheat enters heading stage, consumption is 200kg/ mu; In addition, conventional composite fertilizer (Nintaus's barley and wheat tailored version nitro economic benefits and social benefits are fertile) 40.5kg/ mu is used when wheat is transplanted.
Contrast: use when transplanting with wheat do not use the present invention's richness selenium zinc-iron fermentable fertilizer at conventional composite fertilizer, heading stage experimental plot in contrast, but all the other cultivation management methods are identical.
The concrete outcome of above-mentioned test is as follows:
As can be seen from embodiment 1 ~ 3, the optimum amount ratio of wheat of the present invention rich selenium zinc-iron fermentable fertilizer said components is: Sodium Selenite 0.001 part; 0.3 part, zinc sulfate; 0.35 part, ferrous sulfate; 30 parts, rice husk; Chicken manure 50 parts; Bacterium chaff 30 parts; The dish dregs of rice 2.5 parts; Cotton dregs 6 parts; Dregs of beans 3.5 parts; Starter 0.1 part.
Embodiment 4 ~ 8
Embodiment 4: the present embodiment is except lacking the bacterium chaff in embodiment 3 in wheat rich selenium zinc-iron fermentable fertilizer material component, and all the other contents are identical with embodiment 3.
Embodiment 5: the present embodiment is except lacking the rice husk in embodiment 3 in wheat rich selenium zinc-iron fermentable fertilizer material component, and all the other contents are identical with embodiment 3.
Embodiment 6: the present embodiment is except lacking rice husk in the rich selenium zinc-iron of wheat in embodiment 3 fermentable fertilizer material component, bacterium chaff, and all the other contents are identical with embodiment 3.
Embodiment 7: the present embodiment is except lacking rice husk in the rich selenium zinc-iron of wheat in embodiment 3 fermentable fertilizer material component, the dish dregs of rice, bacterium chaff, and all the other contents are identical with embodiment 3.
Embodiment 8: the present embodiment is only once planted except the bacterium chaff after flat mushroom except being changed into by the bacterium chaff in the rich selenium zinc-iron of wheat in embodiment 3 fermentable fertilizer material component, and all the other contents are identical with embodiment 3.
Contrast field in above-described embodiment is identical with embodiment 3, therefore the output of contrast, selenium, zinc are identical with embodiment 3 with the content of iron.
The concrete outcome of above-mentioned test is as follows:
Embodiment 9
The present embodiment is except following content is different from embodiment 1, and all the other are identical with embodiment 1.
The preparation method of wheat rich selenium zinc-iron fermentable fertilizer is:
(1) rice husk powder is mixed with cotton dregs, dregs of beans, the dish dregs of rice, chicken manure and bacterium chaff;
(2) sodium selenite aqueous solution, zinc sulfate solution, ferrous sulfate aqueous solution and starter diluent is then added, after mixing, form stockpile, in 1t stockpile, add the water of 400kg, carry out fermentation of banking up, obtain wheat rich selenium zinc-iron fermentable fertilizer.
Concrete outcome is as follows:
Embodiment 10
The present embodiment is except following content is different from embodiment 1, and all the other are identical with embodiment 1.
The present embodiment adds a component on the basis of the rich selenium zinc-iron of the wheat described in embodiment 1 fermentable fertilizer, the i.e. deciduous tree fallen leaves of 12 parts, this deciduous tree mainly all the other components of white birch, Chinese parasol tree and willow and consumption constant, all the other components and consumption constant.
The preparation method of above-mentioned wheat rich selenium zinc-iron fermentable fertilizer is:
(1) by after rice husk 70 DEG C of boiling 6min, dry 15min, be ground into the rice husk powder that particle diameter is 2mm for 70 DEG C;
(2) again rice husk powder is mixed with cotton dregs, dregs of beans, the dish dregs of rice, chicken manure and bacterium chaff;
(3) then add sodium selenite aqueous solution, zinc sulfate solution, ferrous sulfate aqueous solution and starter diluent, after mixing, then add deciduous tree fallen leaves, form stockpile, add water, carry out fermentation of banking up, obtain wheat rich selenium zinc-iron fermentable fertilizer.
Concrete outcome is as follows:
Embodiment 11
The wheat that the present embodiment provides rich selenium zinc-iron fermentable fertilizer, with parts by weight, concrete component and usage ratio are: Sodium Selenite 0.0005 part; 0.2 part, zinc sulfate; 0.35 part, ferrous sulfate; 40 parts, rice husk; Chicken manure 48 parts; Bacterium chaff 23 parts; The dish dregs of rice 3 parts; Cotton dregs 5.4 parts; Dregs of beans 3 parts; Starter 0.05 part.
In the present embodiment, test site is great Miao town, Woyang County, Anhui Province, the soil organism 6.5%, hydrolyzable nitrogen 59 mg/kg, rapid available phosphorus 19 mg/kg, available potassium 157 mg/kg; For examination wheat: kind is Zheng wheat 7698.
Preparation method and the application process of above-mentioned wheat rich selenium zinc-iron fermentable fertilizer are all identical with embodiment 1.
Control group: 3 contrasts are set, are respectively:
Contrast 1: Sodium Selenite 0.0005 part; 40 parts, rice husk; Chicken manure 48 parts; Bacterium chaff 23 parts; The dish dregs of rice 3 parts; Cotton dregs 5.4 parts; Dregs of beans 3 parts; Starter 0.05 part;
Contrast 2: 0.2 part, zinc sulfate; 40 parts, rice husk; Chicken manure 48 parts; Bacterium chaff 23 parts; The dish dregs of rice 3 parts; Cotton dregs 5.4 parts; Dregs of beans 3 parts; Starter 0.05 part;
Contrast 3: 0.35 part, ferrous sulfate; 40 parts, rice husk; Chicken manure 48 parts; Bacterium chaff 23 parts; The dish dregs of rice 3 parts; Cotton dregs 5.4 parts; Dregs of beans 3 parts; Starter 0.05 part.
Concrete outcome is as follows:
Compared with embodiment 11, only use Sodium Selenite and do not use zinc sulfate and ferrous sulfate in contrast 1, wheat yield is lower, and in wheat grain selenium content also lower than the wheat grain in embodiment 11; Equally, the output of contrast 2 and contrast 3 is also lower, and in wheat grain, the content of zinc or iron is also lower than the wheat grain in embodiment 11; Illustrate, add Sodium Selenite, zinc sulfate and ferrous sulfate simultaneously and not only can improve output but also the absorption of selenium, zinc, iron can be mutually promoted in wheat grain.
Comparative example 1
In the present embodiment, experiment place is Wei Gang town, Qiaocheng District, Haozhou city, Anhui Province; The soil fertility of determination experiment field is medium, that is: soil pH=6.8, the soil organism 6.2%, hydrolyzable nitrogen 55 mg/kg, rapid available phosphorus 17 mg/kg, available potassium 138 mg/kg; Examination wheat breed is supplied to be Anhui wheat 52.Wheat sowing mid-October, conventional fertilizer application and Guan Shui, late April next year enters heading stage.
During wheat cultivation, use wheat tailored version Nintaus large nitro economic benefits and social benefits when wheat transplanting and heading stage fertile, originate from Shandong Kingenta Bio-engineering Stock Co., Ltd.; Consumption during transplanting is 47.6kg/ mu; Consumption during heading stage is 200kg/ mu.
Concrete outcome is as follows:
Claims (9)
1. a grow wheat rich selenium zinc-iron fermentable fertilizer, is characterized in that, with parts by weight, comprise following component:
2. wheat as claimed in claim 1 rich selenium zinc-iron fermentable fertilizer, it is characterized in that, described selenite is Sodium Selenite; Described zinc salt is zinc sulfate; Described ferrous salt is ferrous sulfate.
3. wheat as claimed in claim 1 rich selenium zinc-iron fermentable fertilizer, is characterized in that, described bacterium chaff be twice kind plant bacterium mushroom after Waste compost.
4. wheat as claimed in claim 1 rich selenium zinc-iron fermentable fertilizer, is characterized in that, with parts by weight, described wheat rich selenium zinc-iron fermentable fertilizer also comprises the deciduous tree fallen leaves of 10 ~ 15 parts.
5. a preparation method for the rich selenium zinc-iron of the wheat as described in any one of claims 1 to 3 fermentable fertilizer, is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
(1) by after rice hull steaming-boiling, dry, be ground into the rice husk powder that particle diameter is 2 ~ 3mm;
(2) again rice husk powder is mixed with cotton dregs, dregs of beans, the dish dregs of rice, chicken manure and bacterium chaff;
(3) then add the selenite aqueous solution, zinc salt solution, perferrite solution and starter diluent, after mixing, form stockpile, add water, carry out fermentation of banking up, obtain wheat rich selenium zinc-iron fermentable fertilizer.
6. preparation method as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that, bank up in fermenting process, on stockpile, some hollow bamboo poles are inserted at interval, and bamboo pole bottom is positioned in the middle part of stockpile, and top exceeds stockpile.
7. preparation method as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that, in step (3), after mixing, adds deciduous tree fallen leaves, then forms stockpile.
8. preparation method as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that, in stockpile quality for 1t, the addition of described water is 400 ~ 500kg.
9. the application process of wheat rich selenium zinc-iron fermentable fertilizer as described in any one of Claims 1 to 4, it is characterized in that, the wheat rich selenium zinc-iron fermentable fertilizer described in applying at wheat heading stage, amount of application is 100 ~ 200kg/ mu.
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| CN110836801A (en) * | 2019-11-28 | 2020-02-25 | 西北农林科技大学 | Method for synchronously enriching zinc and selenium in wheat grains |
| CN113575314A (en) * | 2021-07-29 | 2021-11-02 | 山西农业大学 | Planting method for improving tomato growth and development and fruit quality based on iron-zinc-selenium combined application |
| CN115536460A (en) * | 2022-10-10 | 2022-12-30 | 赣州市畜牧水产研究所 | Biological technology and formula for producing multi-trace element selenium-rich organic fertilizer by using livestock and poultry manure |
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| CN113575314A (en) * | 2021-07-29 | 2021-11-02 | 山西农业大学 | Planting method for improving tomato growth and development and fruit quality based on iron-zinc-selenium combined application |
| CN113575314B (en) * | 2021-07-29 | 2023-09-29 | 山西农业大学 | Planting method for improving tomato growth and development and fruit quality based on iron-zinc-selenium dispensing |
| CN115536460A (en) * | 2022-10-10 | 2022-12-30 | 赣州市畜牧水产研究所 | Biological technology and formula for producing multi-trace element selenium-rich organic fertilizer by using livestock and poultry manure |
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