CN104737759A - Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi cultivation method - Google Patents
Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi cultivation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104737759A CN104737759A CN201510157953.3A CN201510157953A CN104737759A CN 104737759 A CN104737759 A CN 104737759A CN 201510157953 A CN201510157953 A CN 201510157953A CN 104737759 A CN104737759 A CN 104737759A
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- flowered skullcap
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- 238000012364 cultivation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 240000004534 Scutellaria baicalensis Species 0.000 title abstract description 18
- 235000017089 Scutellaria baicalensis Nutrition 0.000 title abstract description 18
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;phosphoric acid Chemical compound [Ca+2].OP(O)(O)=O.OP(O)(O)=O YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002362 mulch Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002426 superphosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000009333 weeding Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 206010044565 Tremor Diseases 0.000 claims description 6
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 6
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000050051 Chelone glabra Species 0.000 claims 11
- 241000207929 Scutellaria Species 0.000 abstract description 70
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000002054 transplantation Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000013558 reference substance Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- FXNFHKRTJBSTCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Baicalein Natural products C=1C(=O)C=2C(O)=C(O)C(O)=CC=2OC=1C1=CC=CC=C1 FXNFHKRTJBSTCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- HIMJIPRMECETLJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Wogonin Natural products COc1cc(O)c(O)c2C(=O)C=C(Oc12)c3ccccc3 HIMJIPRMECETLJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- LNOHXHDWGCMVCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Wogonoside Natural products C1=C(O)C(C(C=C(O2)C=3C=CC=CC=3)=O)=C2C(OC)=C1OC1OC(C(O)=O)C(O)C(O)C1O LNOHXHDWGCMVCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- UDFLTIRFTXWNJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N baicalein Chemical compound O1C2=CC(=O)C(O)=C(O)C2=C(O)C=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 UDFLTIRFTXWNJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229940015301 baicalein Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 4
- XLTFNNCXVBYBSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N wogonin Chemical compound COC1=C(O)C=C(O)C(C(C=2)=O)=C1OC=2C1=CC=CC=C1 XLTFNNCXVBYBSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- LNOHXHDWGCMVCO-NTKSAMNMSA-N wogonin 7-O-beta-D-glucuronide Chemical compound C1=C(O)C(C(C=C(O2)C=3C=CC=CC=3)=O)=C2C(OC)=C1O[C@@H]1O[C@H](C(O)=O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O LNOHXHDWGCMVCO-NTKSAMNMSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- DJSISFGPUUYILV-UHFFFAOYSA-N UNPD161792 Natural products O1C(C(O)=O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C1OC(C(=C1O)O)=CC2=C1C(=O)C=C(C=1C=CC(O)=CC=1)O2 DJSISFGPUUYILV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- NPLTVGMLNDMOQE-UHFFFAOYSA-N carthamidin Natural products C1=CC(O)=CC=C1C1OC2=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C2C(=O)C1 NPLTVGMLNDMOQE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229930003944 flavone Natural products 0.000 description 3
- 150000002213 flavones Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 235000011949 flavones Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 3
- DJSISFGPUUYILV-ZFORQUDYSA-N scutellarin Chemical compound O1[C@H](C(O)=O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1OC(C(=C1O)O)=CC2=C1C(=O)C=C(C=1C=CC(O)=CC=1)O2 DJSISFGPUUYILV-ZFORQUDYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229930190376 scutellarin Natural products 0.000 description 3
- XDQITMCFPPPMBC-TUANDBMESA-N scutelloside Natural products OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O[C@@H]2O[C@@H]3C[C@H]4[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@](O)(CO3)[C@@H]24)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O XDQITMCFPPPMBC-TUANDBMESA-N 0.000 description 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229930003935 flavonoid Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 150000002215 flavonoids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 235000017173 flavonoids Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- IPQKDIRUZHOIOM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oroxin A Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OC(C(=C1O)O)=CC2=C1C(=O)C=C(C=1C=CC=CC=1)O2 IPQKDIRUZHOIOM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000519989 Scutellaria galericulata Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003110 anti-inflammatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001754 anti-pyretic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002155 anti-virotic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000006708 antioxidants Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002221 antipyretic Substances 0.000 description 1
- IKIIZLYTISPENI-ZFORQUDYSA-N baicalin Chemical compound O1[C@H](C(O)=O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1OC(C(=C1O)O)=CC2=C1C(=O)C=C(C=1C=CC=CC=1)O2 IKIIZLYTISPENI-ZFORQUDYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960003321 baicalin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- AQHDANHUMGXSJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N baicalin Natural products OC1C(O)C(C(O)CO)OC1OC(C(=C1O)O)=CC2=C1C(=O)C=C(C=1C=CC=CC=1)O2 AQHDANHUMGXSJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
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- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004128 high performance liquid chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000004185 liver Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000144 pharmacologic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013441 quality evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002000 scavenging effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003505 terpenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000007586 terpenes Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012549 training Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002137 ultrasound extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a scutellaria baicalensis Georgi cultivation method. The scutellaria baicalensis Georgi cultivation method comprises the steps of soil selection, fertilizer application, seed selection, seedling cultivation, soil ridging, seedling transplantation and field management and also comprises the step of, after the step of seedling transportation, uniformly covering the ground with smashed dry overground parts of scutellaria baicalensis Georgi and then covering the ground with non-woven fabrics. At present, people in the production site of scutellaria baicalensis Georgi discard or burn the leaves and stems of scutellaria baicalensis Georgi as wastes. According to the scutellaria baicalensis Georgi cultivation method, the overground parts of scutellaria baicalensis Georgi is smashed and uniformly covered onto seedlings for the first time, and the scutellaria bicalensis Georgi is cultivated through the manners of ridging, transplantation, application of the smashed overground parts and covering through the non-woven fabrics. Therefore, the scutellaria baicalensis Georgi cultivation method is simple in operation, easy to grasp, high in repeatability, capable of achieving full utilization of waste and recycling waste materials and low in cost. Compared with cultivation methods without application of the smashed overground parts, the scutellaria baicalensis Georgi cultivation method can effectively improve the yield of scutellaria baicalensis Georgi, increase the content of effective components of scutellaria baicalensis and lay the foundation for promoting scutellaria baicalensis Georgi production.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of cultivation method of medicinal plant, be specifically related to a kind of cultivation method of the root of large-flowered skullcap, belong to traditional Chinese medicine planting technology field.
Background technology
The root of large-flowered skullcap is the dry root of the Labiatae Scutellaria herbaceos perennial root of large-flowered skullcap (Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi), its bitter is cold in nature, can heat-clearing and damp-drying drug, purging intense heat and detonicating, cool blood are antiabortive, have anti-bacteria and anti-virus, anti-inflammatory, scavenging free radicals, anti-oxidant, antipyretic, the pharmacological function such as to protect the liver, be that China commonly uses one of large traditional Chinese medicine, applicating history is long.The chemical composition of the root of large-flowered skullcap has flavonoids, terpene, polysaccharose, trace element, organic acid etc., and wherein flavonoids is main function composition, has scutelloside, baicalein, wogonoside, wogonin, scutellarin etc.
The purposes of the root of large-flowered skullcap is wide, consumption is huge, constantly develops novelty teabag with it, and annual requirement is on ten thousand tons and present the trend of cumulative year after year.But not perfect to the research of the standardized planting of Germplasm Resources of Scutellaria Baicalensis Georgi, the root of large-flowered skullcap for a long time, cultivating and growing technical merit is lower, field management is lack of standardization becomes the key factor affecting root of large-flowered skullcap seed output and quality.
Therefore by reaching raising root yield to the research of root of large-flowered skullcap cultivation method, stablizing quality of medicinal material, increasing the object of plantation income, having great importance.
Summary of the invention
For the deficiencies in the prior art, the invention provides a kind of cultivation method of the root of large-flowered skullcap, the method can improve the output of the root of large-flowered skullcap, also can improve the content of Components In Scutellaria Baicalensis, improves the quality of the root of large-flowered skullcap.
The whole cultivation of the inventive method to the root of large-flowered skullcap is optimized and specification, and simple to operate, cost is low, and be easy to standardization and produce and promote, concrete technical scheme is as follows:
A kind of cultivation method of the root of large-flowered skullcap, comprise the step selecting soil, fertilising, seed selection nursery, soil ridging, seedling raising and transplanting, field management, wherein after seedling raising and transplanting, also comprise and the crushed material of the root of large-flowered skullcap acrial part of drying is covered on the ground uniformly, then by the step that the ground covering root of large-flowered skullcap acrial part hides by non-woven fabrics.Namely whole cultivation is: select soil, and---------------root of large-flowered skullcap acrial part covers---non-textile mulch---field management to seedling raising and transplanting to soil ridging in seed selection nursery in fertilising.
Above-mentioned cultivation method specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) select soil, optimize the environment
The neutrality select loose, fertilely to live, draining is good, having irrigation conditions, soil layer deep or the sandy loam ground of weakly acidic pH;
(2) balance fertilizing, once uses foot
Every mu applies farmyard manure 2000-2500kg, smashs to pieces and evenly fall apart in ground, and every mu coordinates applying superphosphate 30-80kg, as base manure simultaneously;
(3) seed selection nursery
Select in the same size, kind type is full, free from admixture, without going mouldy, the root of large-flowered skullcap new seed of free from insect pests, sow in the fall, on whole good furrow face, by line-spacing 20-26cm, open the ditch that 0.5-1.5cm is dark, seed is evenly sprinkled in ditch, earthing 0.3-0.6cm, hugs flat, keeps furrow face moistening;
(4) ridging
After balance fertilizing, according to the standard ridging staying the wide trench digging of 40-60cm between row spacing 50-70cm, ridge height 20-25cm, ridge;
(5) seedling raising and transplanting
When spring, select the root of large-flowered skullcap nursery of autumn planting to transplant, when transplanting, selection growing way is consistent, healthy and strong, without damage by disease and insect, diameter 0.5-1cm, sturdy substantial root of large-flowered skullcap seedling, during transplanting, spacing in the rows is 4-7cm, line-spacing 10cm;
(6) root of large-flowered skullcap acrial part covers
The acrial part of the root of large-flowered skullcap is dried, pulverizes, then crushed material is sprinkling upon uniformly in the ground after transplanting nursery;
(7) non-textile mulch
After covering root of large-flowered skullcap acrial part crushed material, after the time growing about one month after seedling raising and transplanting, directly overlay on the ground of leveling with non-woven fabrics, live the both sides of non-woven fabrics by soil pressure, punch on non-woven fabrics according to the growth position of seedling simultaneously;
(8) field management
1. after transplanting, weeding with a hoe in time, earthing up in conjunction with loosening the soil to seedling surrounding;
2. if not sowing then cuts off spray, reduce the consumption of nutrient, impel the growth of root, improve its output (if sowing is sub, then need not clipping and carving branch);
3. when root of large-flowered skullcap picking time, root is dug, remove cauline leaf, tremble clean earth, shine and hit crust to time half-dried, then dry or dry.
In above-mentioned cultivation method, the crushed material cladding thickness of root of large-flowered skullcap acrial part is 5-10cm, is preferably 7cm.
In above-mentioned cultivation method, the pulverizing of root of large-flowered skullcap acrial part is Powdered or is grade size.
In above-mentioned cultivation method, during fertilising, every mu preferably applies farmyard manure 2000kg, smashs to pieces and evenly fall apart in ground, and every mu of preferred cooperation applies superphosphate 50kg, as base manure simultaneously.
In above-mentioned cultivation method, during ridging, according to the preferred 60cm of row spacing, the high preferably 20cm in ridge, preferably stays the standard ridging of the wide trench digging of 40cm between ridge.
In above-mentioned cultivation method, during field management, after transplanting, within 1 year, carry out weeding with a hoe for 2-3 time, and combination is loosened the soil to the ridging of seedling surrounding, is beneficial to the growth of the root of large-flowered skullcap.
Current China major part place of production abandons Scullcap stem and leaf or burns as refuse, the root of large-flowered skullcap acrial part dried is pulverized by the present invention first, uniform fold is on seedling, carry out the cultivation of the root of large-flowered skullcap by the mode of ridging, transplanting, interpolation acrial part crushed material, non-textile mulch, operate fairly simple, be easy to grasp, reproducible, achieve making full use of of refuse, turn waste into wealth, cost is low.Compared with not adding the planting type of acrial part crushed material, cultivation method of the present invention effectively improves the seed output and quality of the root of large-flowered skullcap, improves the content of Components In Scutellaria Baicalensis, lays a good foundation for promoting that the root of large-flowered skullcap is produced.
Embodiment
Below, the present invention be further explained and illustrate.
Embodiment 1
(1) select soil, optimize the environment
Selection is loose, fertilizer is lived, draining is good, have irrigation conditions, the sand of the neutrality that soil layer is deep or weakly acidic pH.
(2) balance fertilizing, once uses foot
Every mu applies farmyard manure 2000kg, smashs to pieces and evenly fall apart in ground, joins to execute superphosphate 50kg and make base manure.
(3) seed selection nursery
Select in the same size, kind type is full, free from admixture, without going mouldy, the root of large-flowered skullcap new seed of free from insect pests sows autumn.On whole good furrow face, by line-spacing 24cm, open the ditch that 1cm is dark, seed is evenly sprinkled in ditch, earthing 0.3-0.6cm, hug flat.Keep furrow face moistening.
(4) ridging
On the basis of whole ground balance fertilizing, row spacing 60cm, ridge height 20cm, stay the wide ditching, ridging of 40cm between ridge.
(5) seedling raising and transplanting
When spring, select the root of large-flowered skullcap nursery of autumn planting to transplant, when transplanting, selection growing way is consistent, healthy and strong, without damage by disease and insect, diameter 0.5-1cm, sturdy substantial root of large-flowered skullcap seedling, during transplanting, spacing in the rows is 5cm, line-spacing 10cm.
(6) cover
After transplanting, dried by the acrial part of the root of large-flowered skullcap, pulverize, after being stirred by its crushed material, be evenly sprinkling upon in the ground of transplanting seedling, cladding thickness is 7cm.
(7) non-textile mulch
After the time that seedling raising and transplanting grows about one month, with the non-woven fabrics that 100-150cm is wide, directly overlay on the ground of the leveling of transplanting seedling, live the both sides of non-woven fabrics by soil pressure, punch on non-woven fabrics according to the growth position of seedling simultaneously;
(8) field management
1. after transplanting, weeding with a hoe in time, suitably earthing up in conjunction with loosening the soil to seedling surrounding, within 1 year, carry out the growth being beneficial to the root of large-flowered skullcap for 2-3 time.
2. if not sowing then cuts off spray, reduce the consumption of nutrient, impel the growth of root, improve its output (if sowing is sub, then need not clipping and carving branch).
3. when cauline leaf is withered and yellow, root is dug picking time until the root of large-flowered skullcap after autumn, remove cauline leaf, tremble clean earth, shine and hit crust to time half-dried, then dry or dry.
Embodiment 2
(1) select soil, optimize the environment
Selection is loose, fertilizer is lived, draining is good, have irrigation conditions, the sand of the neutrality that soil layer is deep or weakly acidic pH.
(2) balance fertilizing, once uses foot
Every mu applies farmyard manure 2000kg, smashs to pieces and evenly fall apart in ground, joins to execute superphosphate 30kg and make base manure.
(3) seed selection nursery
Select in the same size, kind type is full, free from admixture, without going mouldy, the root of large-flowered skullcap new seed of free from insect pests sows autumn.On whole good furrow face, by line-spacing 24cm, open the ditch that 1cm is dark, seed is evenly sprinkled in ditch, earthing 0.3-0.6cm, hug flat.Keep furrow face moistening.
(4) ridging
On the basis of whole ground balance fertilizing, row spacing 60cm, ridge height 20cm, stay the wide ditching, ridging of 40cm between ridge.
(5) seedling raising and transplanting
When spring, select the root of large-flowered skullcap nursery of autumn planting to transplant, when transplanting, selection growing way is consistent, healthy and strong, without damage by disease and insect, diameter 0.5-1cm, sturdy substantial root of large-flowered skullcap seedling, during transplanting, spacing in the rows is 5cm, line-spacing 10cm
(6) cover
After transplanting, dried by the acrial part of the root of large-flowered skullcap, pulverize, after being stirred by its crushed material, be evenly sprinkling upon in the ground of transplanting seedling, cladding thickness is 5cm.
(7) non-textile mulch
After the time that seedling raising and transplanting grows about one month, with the non-woven fabrics that 100-150cm is wide, directly overlay on the ground of the leveling of transplanting seedling, live the both sides of non-woven fabrics by soil pressure, punch on non-woven fabrics according to the growth position of seedling simultaneously;
(8) field management
1. after transplanting, weeding with a hoe in time, suitably earthing up in conjunction with loosening the soil to seedling surrounding, within 1 year, carry out the growth being beneficial to the root of large-flowered skullcap for 2-3 time.
2. if not sowing then cuts off spray, reduce the consumption of nutrient, impel the growth of root, improve its output (if sowing is sub, then need not clipping and carving branch).
3. when cauline leaf is withered and yellow, root is dug picking time until the root of large-flowered skullcap after autumn, remove cauline leaf, tremble clean earth, shine and hit crust to time half-dried, then dry or dry.
Embodiment 3
(1) select soil, optimize the environment
Selection is loose, fertilizer is lived, draining is good, have irrigation conditions, the sand of the neutrality that soil layer is deep or weakly acidic pH.
(2) balance fertilizing, once uses foot
Every mu applies farmyard manure 2300kg, smashs to pieces and evenly fall apart in ground, joins to execute superphosphate 70kg and make base manure.
(3) seed selection nursery
Select in the same size, kind type is full, free from admixture, without going mouldy, the root of large-flowered skullcap new seed of free from insect pests sows autumn.On whole good furrow face, by line-spacing 20cm, open the ditch that 1.5cm is dark, seed is evenly sprinkled in ditch, earthing 0.3-0.6cm, hug flat.Keep furrow face moistening.
(4) ridging
On the basis of whole ground balance fertilizing, row spacing 70cm, ridge height 25cm, stay the wide ditching, ridging of 60cm between ridge.
(5) seedling raising and transplanting
When spring, select the root of large-flowered skullcap nursery of autumn planting to transplant, when transplanting, selection growing way is consistent, healthy and strong, without damage by disease and insect, diameter 0.5-1cm, sturdy substantial root of large-flowered skullcap seedling, during transplanting, spacing in the rows is 7cm, line-spacing 10cm;
(6) cover
After transplanting, dried by the acrial part of the root of large-flowered skullcap, pulverize, after being stirred by its crushed material, be evenly sprinkling upon in the ground of transplanting seedling, cladding thickness is 10cm.
(7) non-textile mulch
After the time that seedling raising and transplanting grows about one month, with the non-woven fabrics that 100-150cm is wide, directly overlay on the ground of the leveling of transplanting seedling, live the both sides of non-woven fabrics by soil pressure, punch on non-woven fabrics according to the growth position of seedling simultaneously;
(8) field management
1. after transplanting, weeding with a hoe in time, suitably earthing up in conjunction with loosening the soil to seedling surrounding, within 1 year, carry out the growth being beneficial to the root of large-flowered skullcap for 2-3 time.
2. if not sowing then cuts off spray, reduce the consumption of nutrient, impel the growth of root, improve its output (if sowing is sub, then need not clipping and carving branch).
3. when cauline leaf is withered and yellow, root is dug picking time until the root of large-flowered skullcap after autumn, remove cauline leaf, tremble clean earth, shine and hit crust to time half-dried, then dry or dry.
Embodiment 4
(1) select soil, optimize the environment
Selection is loose, fertilizer is lived, draining is good, have irrigation conditions, the sand of the neutrality that soil layer is deep or weakly acidic pH.
(2) balance fertilizing, once uses foot
Every mu applies farmyard manure 2500kg, smashs to pieces and evenly fall apart in ground, joins to execute superphosphate 40kg and make base manure.
(3) seed selection nursery
Select in the same size, kind type is full, free from admixture, without going mouldy, the root of large-flowered skullcap new seed of free from insect pests sows autumn.On whole good furrow face, by line-spacing 26cm, open the ditch that 0.5cm is dark, seed is evenly sprinkled in ditch, earthing 0.3-0.6cm, hug flat.Keep furrow face moistening.
(4) ridging
On the basis of whole ground balance fertilizing, row spacing 50cm, ridge height 20cm, stay the wide ditching, ridging of 50cm between ridge.
(5) seedling raising and transplanting
When spring, select the root of large-flowered skullcap nursery of autumn planting to transplant, when transplanting, selection growing way is consistent, healthy and strong, without damage by disease and insect, diameter 0.5-1cm, sturdy substantial root of large-flowered skullcap seedling, during transplanting, spacing in the rows is 4cm, line-spacing 10cm;
(6) cover
After transplanting, dried by the acrial part of the root of large-flowered skullcap, pulverize, after being stirred by its crushed material, be evenly sprinkling upon in the ground of transplanting seedling, cladding thickness is 5cm.
(7) non-textile mulch
After the time that seedling raising and transplanting grows about one month, with the non-woven fabrics that 100-150cm is wide, directly overlay on the ground of the leveling of transplanting seedling, live the both sides of non-woven fabrics by soil pressure, punch on non-woven fabrics according to the growth position of seedling simultaneously;
(8) field management
1. after transplanting, weeding with a hoe in time, suitably earthing up in conjunction with loosening the soil to seedling surrounding, within 1 year, carry out the growth being beneficial to the root of large-flowered skullcap for 2-3 time.
2. if not sowing then cuts off spray, reduce the consumption of nutrient, impel the growth of root, improve its output (if sowing is sub, then need not clipping and carving branch).
3. when cauline leaf is withered and yellow, root is dug picking time until the root of large-flowered skullcap after autumn, remove cauline leaf, tremble clean earth, shine and hit crust to time half-dried, then dry or dry.
Comparative example 1
According to the method cultivation root of large-flowered skullcap that embodiment 1 is identical, unlike: do not have root of large-flowered skullcap acrial part to cover the step of (step (6)) and non-textile mulch (step (7)), direct field management after step (5) seedling raising and transplanting.
Prove experiment
Until root of large-flowered skullcap picking time when cauline leaf is withered and yellow after autumn, the root of large-flowered skullcap of different cultivation method is carried out quality evaluation, with the higher flavones ingredient such as baicalein, wogonin, scutelloside, wogonoside, scutellarin of content in radix scutellariae medicinal materials for index measures, concrete steps are as follows:
(1) preparation of reference substance solution
Precision takes: 1. baicalein (Baicalein) reference substance; 2. wogonin (Wogonin) reference substance; 3. scutelloside (Baicalin) reference substance; 4. wogonoside (Wog ono side) reference substance; 5. scutellarin (ScutellarinScutellarin) reference substance (above reference substance all comes in Nat'l Pharmaceutical & Biological Products Control Institute) is appropriate, be configured to concentration with methyl alcohol and be respectively 0.0600,0.0300,0.0200,0.0114, the reference substance solution of 0.1488,0.015mg/ml;
(2) preparation of need testing solution
The root of large-flowered skullcap that above-described embodiment or comparative example training are planted is dried or dried, and pulverized 40 mesh sieves, precision takes 200mg radix scutellariae medicinal materials powder, is placed in 100ml measuring bottle, adds 70% ethanol and is diluted to scale, shake up.Ultrasonic extraction, after 40 minutes, leaves standstill to room temperature, gets supernatant, filters, as need testing solution with 0.22 μm of filter membrane.
(3) experimental result
The method measured and weigh is adopted to measure the accumulation of root of large-flowered skullcap biomass.Employing HPLC method detects the flavones ingredient content in the root of large-flowered skullcap of above-described embodiment and comparative example cultivation gained respectively, the results are shown in shown in following table 1 and 2.
Table 1 is the content situation/often organize the 10 strain roots of large-flowered skullcap (unit: mg/g) of flavones ingredient in the group root of large-flowered skullcap respectively
Biomass situation in table 2 each group root of large-flowered skullcap/often organize the 10 strain roots of large-flowered skullcap
As can be seen from the data of above-mentioned table 1-2, the root of large-flowered skullcap that the embodiment of the present invention 1,2,3,4 is cultivated all can play the effect promoting that Components In Scutellaria Baicalensis accumulates compared with comparative example 1, and can be found out by the contrast between them, the biomass of planting type to the root of large-flowered skullcap of embodiment is also greatly increased, wherein embodiment 1 facilitation is the most remarkable, embodiment 2 is taken second place, and the facilitation of embodiment 3,4 is minimum comparatively speaking.
Claims (6)
1. the cultivation method of a root of large-flowered skullcap, comprise the step selecting soil, fertilising, seed selection nursery, soil ridging, seedling raising and transplanting, field management, it is characterized in that: after seedling raising and transplanting, also comprise and the crushed material of the root of large-flowered skullcap acrial part of drying is covered on the ground uniformly, then by the step that the ground covering root of large-flowered skullcap acrial part hides by non-woven fabrics.
2. cultivation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that specifically comprising the following steps:
(1) soil is selected
The neutrality select loose, fertilely to live, draining is good, having irrigation conditions, soil layer deep or the sandy loam ground of weakly acidic pH;
(2) balance fertilizing
Every mu applies farmyard manure 2000-2500 kg, smashs to pieces and evenly fall apart in ground, and every mu coordinates applying superphosphate 30-80 kg, as base manure simultaneously;
(3) seed selection nursery
Select in the same size, kind type is full, free from admixture, without going mouldy, the root of large-flowered skullcap new seed of free from insect pests, sow in the fall, on whole good furrow face, by line-spacing 20-26 cm, open the ditch that 0.5-1.5 cm is dark, seed is evenly sprinkled in ditch, earthing 0.3-0.6 cm, hugs flat, keeps furrow face moistening;
(4) ridging
After balance fertilizing, according to the standard ridging staying the wide trench digging of 40-60 cm between row spacing 50-70 cm, ridge height 20-25 cm, ridge;
(5) seedling raising and transplanting
When spring, select the root of large-flowered skullcap nursery of planted in fall to transplant, when transplanting, selection growing way is consistent, healthy and strong, without damage by disease and insect, diameter 0.5-1cm, sturdy substantial root of large-flowered skullcap seedling, during transplanting, spacing in the rows is 4-7 cm, line-spacing 10 cm;
(6) root of large-flowered skullcap acrial part covers
The acrial part of the root of large-flowered skullcap is dried, pulverizes, then crushed material is sprinkling upon uniformly in the ground after transplanting nursery;
(7) non-textile mulch
After covering root of large-flowered skullcap acrial part crushed material, after the time growing about one month after seedling raising and transplanting, directly overlay on the ground of leveling with non-woven fabrics, live the both sides of non-woven fabrics by soil pressure, punch on non-woven fabrics according to the growth position of seedling simultaneously;
(8) field management
1. after transplanting, weeding with a hoe in time, earthing up in conjunction with loosening the soil to seedling surrounding;
2. if not sowing then cuts off spray, reduce the consumption of nutrient, impel the growth of root, improve its output;
3. when root of large-flowered skullcap picking time, root is dug, remove cauline leaf, tremble clean earth, shine and hit crust to time half-dried, then dry or dry.
3. cultivation method according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: the crushed material cladding thickness of root of large-flowered skullcap acrial part is 5-10 cm, is preferably 7 cm.
4. cultivation method according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: during fertilising, and every mu applies farmyard manure 2000 kg, smashs to pieces and evenly fall apart in ground, and every mu coordinates applying superphosphate 50 kg, as base manure simultaneously.
5. cultivation method according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: during ridging, and according to row spacing 60 cm, high 20 cm in ridge, stay the standard ridging of the wide trench digging of 40 cm between ridge.
6. cultivation method according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: during field management, after transplanting, within 1 year, carries out weeding with a hoe for 2-3 time, and combines and loosen the soil to seedling surrounding and earth up.
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| CN109757152A (en) * | 2019-03-27 | 2019-05-17 | 济南禾宝中药材有限公司 | A kind of high yield cultivating method of radix scutellariae |
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| CN114467647A (en) * | 2022-02-23 | 2022-05-13 | 百色学院 | Insect pest prevention and control method for organic flowering Chinese cabbage in winter and spring |
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