CN104718930A - High-yield and high-quality cultivation method for bitter gourds - Google Patents
High-yield and high-quality cultivation method for bitter gourds Download PDFInfo
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- CN104718930A CN104718930A CN201510077142.2A CN201510077142A CN104718930A CN 104718930 A CN104718930 A CN 104718930A CN 201510077142 A CN201510077142 A CN 201510077142A CN 104718930 A CN104718930 A CN 104718930A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-yield and high-quality cultivation method for bitter gourds, and belongs to the technical field of crop planting. The method comprises the following steps of selection of variety, preparation of a seedling bed, germination acceleration seeding, seedbed management, field management and pest control. By means of the cultivation method, high yield and good quality of bitter gourds are achieved, the production operation process is simple, cost is low, and production efficiency of bitter gourd farmers is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to proportion of crop planting technical field, particularly a kind of cultivation method of balsam pear high yield and high quality.
Background technology
Balsam pear has another name called balsam pear, is cucurbitaceous plant, is annual climbing herb.Stem, branch, petiole and bennet have draped over one's shoulders pubescence, the raw tendril of armpit.The diameter of leaf reaches 3 to 12 centimetres, and have 5 to 7 road palmate drastic cracks, sliver ovalize, there is sawtooth outer.At the end of spring and the beginning of summer bloom, monoecism, yellow.Fruit oblong, surface has most irregular strumae.Seed is hidden among Fleshy fruits, has red capsule to wrap up in time ripe.Balsam pear is a kind of vegetables that people like, original producton location China.In Southeast Asia, China and archipelago, the Caribbean all have and plant widely.Balsam pear extracts flavonoid substances and is combined with mulberry-leaf extract DNJ and forms a kind of novel substance---and wash pancreas sugared clearly plain (cics), there is the effects such as hypoglycemic, blood fat, anti-inflammatory.
Balsam pear be a kind of grow fast, go into operation early, the emergency crops of high and stable yield, be that one of industry restructuring, the important selection improving income from plant industry are carried out in rural area.Therefore grasping the planting technology of high yield high-quality, is the main path improving planting benefit.How improving quantity production of bitter melon and quality, is plant balsam pear institute problems faced at present.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to: for above-mentioned Problems existing, provide a kind of cultivation method of balsam pear high yield and high quality, realize balsam pear high yield, melon product are good, production operation process is simple, cost is low, improves the production efficiency of melon grower.
The technical solution used in the present invention:
A cultivation method for balsam pear high yield and high quality, comprises the following steps:
1) Fruit variety: selection high yield, high-quality, the kind that premunition is strong;
2) seedling bed prepares: seedbed is selected at nearly water source, be easy to the place that manages, and the wide 1.6 ~ 1.8m in seedbed, stays between seedbed and seedbed that 25 ~ 35cm is wide opens shallow ridges, will the nutrition cup proper alignment of dress Nutrition Soil in seedbed;
3) vernalization sowing: with boiling hot kind of 50 ~ 55 DEG C of hot water, stir, pick up after seed soaking 15 ~ 18h when temperature drops to 40 DEG C, be put in the clean gauze soaked, the incubator vernalization of 30 DEG C is put into after wrapping, vernalization is after 1 ~ 2 day, the seed selecting the long 0.5 ~ 0.8cm of bud is sowed in nutrition cup, and each nutrition cup broadcasts 1; After planting, drench Nutrition Soil with water, and spray insecticidal bactericide, insert in both sides, seedbed with bamboo chip embowment, arch bamboo chip covers film, is barricaded as Small plastic shed;
4) seedbed management: after seedling grows, every spray in a 8 days insecticide, daytime temperature is aeration-cooling higher than the film will opening two, seedbed when 30 DEG C, grows after 3 ~ 4 leaves and can transplant, should open seedbed film hardening 2 days before transplanting until seedling;
5) base manure is used sufficient, the field planting of whole ground: execute well-rotted farmyard manure 1100 ~ 1200kg, Jia Lin composite fertilizer 35 ~ 40kg as base manure, apply after mixing in cave for every mu; Play furrow, the wide 1.5m of furrow, every drill planting two row, line-spacing 100 ~ 110cm, cave is apart from 30 ~ 40cm, and mu plants 1200 ~ 1500 strains wholely;
6) field management: after Seeding planting, drenches sufficient normal root water; Will draw climing added after the climing elongation of melon in time, and cut off the branch in the climing overhead 30cm of melon in time, then pinch, every bar master is climing stays 2 ~ 3 lateral bines, extracts insect pest melon, lopsided melon in time; Topdress in good time, topdress once after flowering and fruit bearing, every mu imposes potash fertilizer 30kg, topdresses 1 time plucking the melon phase every 8 ~ 10d, can extend and receive the melon phase;
7) extermination of disease and insect pest: prevent and treat according to a conventional method.
In sum, beneficial effect of the present invention: cultivation method of the present invention in conjunction with the habit of growth of balsam pear, conservative control temperature, seed sprouting is suitable for 30 ~ 35 DEG C, be beneficial to balsam pear growth, the phase of yielding positive results is suitable for 25 DEG C, be beneficial to the fertility of balsam pear, and result early, output is high, and quality might as well; Ensure sufficient illumination and moisture, increase soil nutrient, in fertile loose medium loam, increasing application phosphorus potassium fertilizer, can make plant strain growth healthy and strong, and knot melon can be lasting.Culture technique of the present invention, realizes that quantity production of bitter melon is high, the good result of quality better.
Embodiment
The present invention is not limited to following embodiment.The present invention expands to any new feature of disclosing in this manual or any combination newly, and the step of the arbitrary new method disclosed or process or any combination newly.
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is further described:
Embodiment 1
A cultivation method for balsam pear high yield and high quality, comprises the following steps:
1) Fruit variety: selection high yield, high-quality, the kind that premunition is strong;
2) seedling bed prepares: seedbed is selected at nearly water source, be easy to the place that manages, and the wide 1.6m in seedbed, stays between seedbed and seedbed that 30cm is wide opens shallow ridges, will the nutrition cup proper alignment of dress Nutrition Soil in seedbed;
3) vernalization sowing: with boiling hot kind of 50 DEG C of hot water, stir, picks up after the 16h that soaks seed, be put in the clean gauze soaked when temperature drops to 40 DEG C, the incubator vernalization of 30 DEG C is put into after wrapping, vernalization is after 1 day, and the seed selecting the long 0.6cm of bud is sowed in nutrition cup, and each nutrition cup broadcasts 1; After planting, drench Nutrition Soil with water, and spray insecticidal bactericide, insert in both sides, seedbed with bamboo chip embowment, arch bamboo chip covers film, is barricaded as Small plastic shed;
4) seedbed management: after seedling grows, every spray in a 8 days insecticide, daytime temperature is aeration-cooling higher than the film will opening two, seedbed when 30 DEG C, grows after 3 leaves and can transplant, should open seedbed film hardening 2 days before transplanting until seedling;
5) base manure is used sufficient, the field planting of whole ground: execute well-rotted farmyard manure 1100kg, Jia Lin composite fertilizer 35kg as base manure, apply after mixing in cave for every mu; Play furrow, the wide 1.5m of furrow, every drill planting two row, line-spacing 100cm, cave is apart from 35cm, and mu plants 1400 strains wholely;
6) field management: after Seeding planting, drenches sufficient normal root water; Will draw climing added after the climing elongation of melon in time, and cut off the branch in the climing overhead 30cm of melon in time, then pinch, every bar master is climing stays 2 lateral bines, extracts insect pest melon, lopsided melon in time; Topdress in good time, topdress once after flowering and fruit bearing, every mu imposes potash fertilizer 30kg, topdresses 1 time plucking the melon phase every 8d, can extend and receive the melon phase;
7) extermination of disease and insect pest: prevent and treat according to a conventional method.
Embodiment 2
A cultivation method for balsam pear high yield and high quality, comprises the following steps:
1) Fruit variety: selection high yield, high-quality, the kind that premunition is strong;
2) seedling bed prepares: seedbed is selected at nearly water source, be easy to the place that manages, and the wide 1.6m in seedbed, stays between seedbed and seedbed that 25cm is wide opens shallow ridges, will the nutrition cup proper alignment of dress Nutrition Soil in seedbed;
3) vernalization sowing: with boiling hot kind of 50 DEG C of hot water, stir, picks up after the 15h that soaks seed, be put in the clean gauze soaked when temperature drops to 40 DEG C, the incubator vernalization of 30 DEG C is put into after wrapping, vernalization is after 1 day, and the seed selecting the long 0.5cm of bud is sowed in nutrition cup, and each nutrition cup broadcasts 1; After planting, drench Nutrition Soil with water, and spray insecticidal bactericide, insert in both sides, seedbed with bamboo chip embowment, arch bamboo chip covers film, is barricaded as Small plastic shed;
4) seedbed management: after seedling grows, every spray in a 8 days insecticide, daytime temperature is aeration-cooling higher than the film will opening two, seedbed when 30 DEG C, grows after 3 leaves and can transplant, should open seedbed film hardening 2 days before transplanting until seedling;
5) base manure is used sufficient, the field planting of whole ground: execute well-rotted farmyard manure 1100kg, Jia Lin composite fertilizer 35kg as base manure, apply after mixing in cave for every mu; Play furrow, the wide 1.5m of furrow, every drill planting two row, line-spacing 100cm, cave is apart from 30cm, and mu plants 1200 strains wholely;
6) field management: after Seeding planting, drenches sufficient normal root water; Will draw climing added after the climing elongation of melon in time, and cut off the branch in the climing overhead 30cm of melon in time, then pinch, every bar master is climing stays 2 lateral bines, extracts insect pest melon, lopsided melon in time; Topdress in good time, topdress once after flowering and fruit bearing, every mu imposes potash fertilizer 30kg, topdresses 1 time plucking the melon phase every 8d, can extend and receive the melon phase;
7) extermination of disease and insect pest: prevent and treat according to a conventional method.
Embodiment 3
A cultivation method for balsam pear high yield and high quality, comprises the following steps:
1) Fruit variety: selection high yield, high-quality, the kind that premunition is strong;
2) seedling bed prepares: seedbed is selected at nearly water source, be easy to the place that manages, and the wide 1.8m in seedbed, stays between seedbed and seedbed that 35cm is wide opens shallow ridges, will the nutrition cup proper alignment of dress Nutrition Soil in seedbed;
3) vernalization sowing: with boiling hot kind of 55 DEG C of hot water, stir, picks up after the 18h that soaks seed, be put in the clean gauze soaked when temperature drops to 40 DEG C, the incubator vernalization of 30 DEG C is put into after wrapping, vernalization is after 2 days, and the seed selecting the long 0.8cm of bud is sowed in nutrition cup, and each nutrition cup broadcasts 1; After planting, drench Nutrition Soil with water, and spray insecticidal bactericide, insert in both sides, seedbed with bamboo chip embowment, arch bamboo chip covers film, is barricaded as Small plastic shed;
4) seedbed management: after seedling grows, every spray in a 8 days insecticide, daytime temperature is aeration-cooling higher than the film will opening two, seedbed when 30 DEG C, grows after 4 leaves and can transplant, should open seedbed film hardening 2 days before transplanting until seedling;
5) base manure is used sufficient, the field planting of whole ground: execute well-rotted farmyard manure 1200kg, Jia Lin composite fertilizer 40kg as base manure, apply after mixing in cave for every mu; Play furrow, the wide 1.5m of furrow, every drill planting two row, line-spacing 110cm, cave is apart from 40cm, and mu plants 1500 strains wholely;
6) field management: after Seeding planting, drenches sufficient normal root water; Will draw climing added after the climing elongation of melon in time, and cut off the branch in the climing overhead 30cm of melon in time, then pinch, every bar master is climing stays 3 lateral bines, extracts insect pest melon, lopsided melon in time; Topdress in good time, topdress once after flowering and fruit bearing, every mu imposes potash fertilizer 30kg, topdresses 1 time plucking the melon phase every 10d, can extend and receive the melon phase;
7) extermination of disease and insect pest: prevent and treat according to a conventional method.
The cultivation method of above embodiment in conjunction with the habit of growth of balsam pear, conservative control temperature, seed sprouting is suitable for 30 ~ 35 DEG C, and be beneficial to balsam pear growth, the phase of yielding positive results is suitable for 25 DEG C, be beneficial to the fertility of balsam pear, and result is early, output is high, and quality might as well; Ensure sufficient illumination and moisture, increase soil nutrient, in fertile loose medium loam, increasing application phosphorus potassium fertilizer, can make plant strain growth healthy and strong, and knot melon can be lasting.
Claims (1)
1. a cultivation method for balsam pear high yield and high quality, is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
1) Fruit variety: selection high yield, high-quality, the kind that premunition is strong;
2) seedling bed prepares: seedbed is selected at nearly water source, be easy to the place that manages, and the wide 1.6 ~ 1.8m in seedbed, stays between seedbed and seedbed that 25 ~ 35cm is wide opens shallow ridges, will the nutrition cup proper alignment of dress Nutrition Soil in seedbed;
3) vernalization sowing: with boiling hot kind of 50 ~ 55 DEG C of hot water, stir, pick up after seed soaking 15 ~ 18h when temperature drops to 40 DEG C, be put in the clean gauze soaked, the incubator vernalization of 30 DEG C is put into after wrapping, vernalization is after 1 ~ 2 day, the seed selecting the long 0.5 ~ 0.8cm of bud is sowed in nutrition cup, and each nutrition cup broadcasts 1; After planting, drench Nutrition Soil with water, and spray insecticidal bactericide, insert in both sides, seedbed with bamboo chip embowment, arch bamboo chip covers film, is barricaded as Small plastic shed;
4) seedbed management: after seedling grows, every spray in a 8 days insecticide, daytime temperature is aeration-cooling higher than the film will opening two, seedbed when 30 DEG C, grows after 3 ~ 4 leaves and can transplant, should open seedbed film hardening 2 days before transplanting until seedling;
5) base manure is used sufficient, the field planting of whole ground: execute well-rotted farmyard manure 1100 ~ 1200kg, Jia Lin composite fertilizer 35 ~ 40kg as base manure, apply after mixing in cave for every mu; Play furrow, the wide 1.5m of furrow, every drill planting two row, line-spacing 100 ~ 110cm, cave is apart from 30 ~ 40cm, and mu plants 1200 ~ 1500 strains wholely;
6) field management: after Seeding planting, drenches sufficient normal root water; Will draw climing added after the climing elongation of melon in time, and cut off the branch in the climing overhead 30cm of melon in time, then pinch, every bar master is climing stays 2 ~ 3 lateral bines, extracts insect pest melon, lopsided melon in time; Topdress in good time, topdress once after flowering and fruit bearing, every mu imposes potash fertilizer 30kg, topdresses 1 time plucking the melon phase every 8 ~ 10d, can extend and receive the melon phase;
7) extermination of disease and insect pest: prevent and treat according to a conventional method.
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| CN201510077142.2A CN104718930A (en) | 2015-02-13 | 2015-02-13 | High-yield and high-quality cultivation method for bitter gourds |
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| CN201510077142.2A CN104718930A (en) | 2015-02-13 | 2015-02-13 | High-yield and high-quality cultivation method for bitter gourds |
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105191659A (en) * | 2015-11-13 | 2015-12-30 | 周福进 | Bitter gourd planting method |
| CN105230293A (en) * | 2015-10-23 | 2016-01-13 | 和县绿源蔬菜种植有限责任公司 | Plantation method of bitter gourds out of season |
| CN105766331A (en) * | 2016-03-25 | 2016-07-20 | 唐云龙 | High-yield planting method of bitter gourds |
| CN105917884A (en) * | 2016-04-21 | 2016-09-07 | 固镇县传红家庭农场 | Planting method of bitter gourds |
| CN106069048A (en) * | 2016-06-22 | 2016-11-09 | 马鞍山市国华农业发展有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of Fructus Momordicae charantiae |
| CN106358712A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-02-01 | 柳州市绿州种植专业合作社 | Planting method of high-quality bitter gourd |
| CN108093741A (en) * | 2017-12-19 | 2018-06-01 | 江汉大学 | Balsam pear implantation methods |
| CN108617436A (en) * | 2018-05-10 | 2018-10-09 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | Plant adjusting method for improving commodity melon rate of bitter gourds |
| CN108887105A (en) * | 2018-07-16 | 2018-11-27 | 贵州省果树科学研究所 | A kind of production method of dried Frutus Momordicae Charantiae |
| CN111727826A (en) * | 2020-07-07 | 2020-10-02 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | Cultivation method for reducing occurrence rate of diseases and insect pests of bitter gourds |
| CN114946564A (en) * | 2022-06-07 | 2022-08-30 | 哈尔滨灵草舒生物科技有限公司 | Bitter gourd planting method and planting device thereof |
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Cited By (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105230293A (en) * | 2015-10-23 | 2016-01-13 | 和县绿源蔬菜种植有限责任公司 | Plantation method of bitter gourds out of season |
| CN105191659A (en) * | 2015-11-13 | 2015-12-30 | 周福进 | Bitter gourd planting method |
| CN105766331A (en) * | 2016-03-25 | 2016-07-20 | 唐云龙 | High-yield planting method of bitter gourds |
| CN105917884A (en) * | 2016-04-21 | 2016-09-07 | 固镇县传红家庭农场 | Planting method of bitter gourds |
| CN106069048A (en) * | 2016-06-22 | 2016-11-09 | 马鞍山市国华农业发展有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of Fructus Momordicae charantiae |
| CN106358712A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-02-01 | 柳州市绿州种植专业合作社 | Planting method of high-quality bitter gourd |
| CN108093741A (en) * | 2017-12-19 | 2018-06-01 | 江汉大学 | Balsam pear implantation methods |
| CN108617436A (en) * | 2018-05-10 | 2018-10-09 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | Plant adjusting method for improving commodity melon rate of bitter gourds |
| CN108617436B (en) * | 2018-05-10 | 2020-02-21 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | Plant adjusting method for improving commodity melon rate of bitter gourds |
| CN108887105A (en) * | 2018-07-16 | 2018-11-27 | 贵州省果树科学研究所 | A kind of production method of dried Frutus Momordicae Charantiae |
| CN108887105B (en) * | 2018-07-16 | 2021-04-13 | 贵州省果树科学研究所 | Production method of dried bitter gourd |
| CN111727826A (en) * | 2020-07-07 | 2020-10-02 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | Cultivation method for reducing occurrence rate of diseases and insect pests of bitter gourds |
| CN114946564A (en) * | 2022-06-07 | 2022-08-30 | 哈尔滨灵草舒生物科技有限公司 | Bitter gourd planting method and planting device thereof |
| CN114946564B (en) * | 2022-06-07 | 2023-12-12 | 哈尔滨灵草舒生物科技有限公司 | Bitter gourd planting method and planting device thereof |
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Application publication date: 20150624 |