KR20100084080A - Method for cultivating ginseng by organic farming and manufacturing the cultivated ginseng as a extract - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A method for cultivating ginseng by organic farming and manufacturing ginseng extract is provided to use ginseng without waste of beneficial components included in flesh and peel of ginseng berries after cultivating organic ginseng with compost and environmentally-friendly materials. CONSTITUTION: A method for cultivating ginseng by organic farming and manufacturing ginseng extract includes the following steps: cultivating organic ginseng with compost manufactured with environmentally-friendly materials and microorganism; steaming the ginseng in a steamer 2 times; manufacturing red ginseng by aging the ginseng for 35 ~ 45 hours; drying organic ginseng for 2 ~ 3 hours in 85~90°C; and gaining ginseng extract by extracting the red ginseng with ginseng berries in 80~90°C for 40~50 hours.

Description

Method for cultivating ginseng by organic farming method and manufacturing the grown ginseng as extract, method for growing ginseng by organic farming method and manufacturing ginseng as extract a extract}

The present invention relates to a method of cultivating ginseng by the organic method and to produce the cultivated ginseng as an extract, a method of cultivating ginseng by the organic method and a method of producing ginseng as an extract, more specifically pesticides and chemicals It relates to a method of producing ginseng extract using the roots and berries of the organic ginseng after cultivating organic ginseng using compost made from environmentally friendly materials and microorganisms obtained in nature instead of fertilizers.

Ginseng (人蔘) is a perennial herb belonging to the family Arboraceae, and ginseng is rich in saponins called ginsenosides. Saponin is the function of activating the function of the human body component to enhance the immune function.

Ginseng has long been widely regarded as the most representative nourishing tonic, and recently, many scientific researches on its composition and efficacy have been reported, and the mysterious effect of ginseng is under the modern scientific illumination. The effects of ginseng known up to now are very diverse, so it is anti-aging effect, anti-arteriosclerosis, hyperlipidemia, liver function, liver function enhancement, radiation disorder defense, immune enhancement, antithrombosis, brain function hyperactivity, anti stress, hypoglycemia, blood pressure It has a lowering and anticancer effect.

Generally, fresh ginseng has been used for growing ginseng, but recently, rich organic manure, which is a livestock manure, is used mainly due to lack of manpower. Therefore, it has a bad effect on the growth and quality of ginseng. to be.

In addition, ginseng is difficult to cultivate and sprays a lot of pesticides to control pests, which is a pesticide residue in ginseng after harvesting, which poses a threat to human health when ingested. Since there is a problem affecting, it is necessary to develop a method for growing ginseng without using pesticides.

Cultivated ginseng is usually divided into ginseng, white ginseng, and red ginseng. Fresh ginseng contains about 75% of water as it is mined. White ginseng is peeled and dried, and it becomes skin white ginseng when dried without peeling.

 Red ginseng is steamed or swelled ginseng or luxury of ginseng starch by other means. It is a technology that selects ginseng and processes it specially without peeling, and it is beneficial to our body during steaming, ripening and drying process. Bioactive components are produced. These bioactive components are not found in ginseng or white ginseng, but are unique to red ginseng.

Six-year-old red ginseng has the highest total saponin number among ginsengs around the world, and has excellent efficacy and characteristics in its composition.

In addition, ginseng is a perennial plant consisting of stems, leaves, berries, and roots. Usually, only roots are harvested and the stems, leaves, and fruits are disposed of, but the stems, leaves, and berries contain a large amount of effective ingredients unique to ginseng. It is known.

Recently, various methods of using ginseng stems and leaves as feed additives have been proposed. However, practical use is insignificant. Especially, ginseng fruit is rarely used except seed for growing seedlings. to be.

Ginseng fruit is a bean-shaped fruit with red, red or yellow color depending on the type of ginseng and consists of seeds, flesh and skin parts. The skin and pulp part of ginseng fruit contains pectin, hemicellulose, cellulose and lignin, and contains saponin and essential amino acids valine, alanine, phenylalanine and ste Oninic acid, serine, histidine, peptide, corinine and adenosine, vitamins B1, B2, B12, folic acid and pantothenic acid, magnesium, calcium, potassium, manganese, zinc, iron, copper, phosphorus, aluminum, vanadium and germanium, etc. Contains minerals.

These ginseng fruits are collected around July and August when the skin is changed from green to red, red or yellow, and the pulp and skin parts are removed, the seed parts are collected, and the ginseng is used for seeding. do.

The skin and flesh part of the ginseng fruit is not only soft and colorful in appearance, but also contains a large amount of active ingredients and is simply discarded in the process despite the high pharmacological and nutritional value, resulting in waste of useful plant resources. It is causing.

Accordingly, the development of a functional high value-added product utilizing the pulp and skin of the discarded ginseng fruit is urgently required.

The present invention instead of the conventional ginseng cultivation method using pesticides and chemical fertilizers, ginseng extract using the roots and berries of the organic ginseng after cultivating organic ginseng using compost made with environmentally friendly materials and microorganisms obtained from nature By preparing the, it is possible to obtain a ginseng component from which harmful components of human body are excluded, and to provide a method that can be used without wasting the active ingredients contained in the flesh and skin of the ginseng fruit.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention comprises the steps of cultivating organic ginseng using compost made of environmentally friendly materials and microorganisms; Harvesting six years old ginseng among the organic ginseng being grown; The harvested six-year-old ginseng root was first steamed for 1 to 3 hours at a temperature of 85 to 90 ° C. in a steamer, and then secondly steamed at a temperature of 90 to 95 ° C. for 2 to 4 hours in a steamer, and then 75 35-45 hours of aging at a temperature of ˜85 ° C. to prepare red ginseng; Harvesting the fruit of the six-year-old ginseng of the cultivated organic ginseng around June to separate the seeds, and steaming the separated ginseng fruit at a temperature of 85 ~ 90 ℃ in a steamer for 2-3 hours and then drying; And mixing 40 to 50 parts by weight of the steamed and dried ginseng fruit to 100 parts by weight of red ginseng and extracting hot water at 80 to 90 ° C. for 40 to 50 hours to obtain ginseng extract. And it provides a method for producing the grown ginseng as an extract.

At this time, the step of cultivating the organic ginseng, the rice straw, crab shell and egg shell mixed with 0.5 ~ 2 tons per argans in the planned ginseng cultivation site 2 to 3 times, tilling, planting rye and cut into the rye's house First year soil management phase, mixed with soil; 2nd year soil management, which is sprayed more than 15 times by spraying 80 ~ 120kg of arsaccharide microorganism-containing mixture, 15 ~ 25kg of ganban stone, 8 ~ 12kg silicic acid and 18 ~ 22㎏ of Pyrethrum on the planned ginseng cultivation site after the 1st year soil management stage step; Sowing ginseng seeds in the ginseng cultivation site undergoing the second year soil management step, diluting the bioactive material prepared from shrimp shells or crab shells and brown rice vinegar with 900 ~ 1100 times the water to prepare a liquid fertilizer 100 weight A seedling management step of culturing seedlings by mixing 0.3 ~ 0.7 parts by weight of antagonists to the parts, fertilizing 2 ~ 5L of the liquid ratio mixed with the antagonists per ginseng cultivation area; The seedlings cultivated in the seedling management step were transplanted into main fabric, and the microorganism-containing mixture was sprayed 100 ~ 200g per square meter of ginseng cultivation area at the time of autumn maple leaves in two and four year old ginseng roots, and twice a year with natural insecticide. Spraying, the main fabric management step of fertilizing 2-3 times a year by mixing 3 to 7 parts by weight of mineral minerals to 100 parts by weight of ginseng solution ratio made of leaves, stems and roots of ginseng; And it is preferable to include a step of harvesting ginseng 6 years of the ginseng cultivated in the mainpo management step.

In addition, the straw straw, crab shell and egg shell mixture of the first year soil management step, it is more preferably prepared by mixing 3-7 parts by weight of crab shell and 8-12 parts by weight of eggshell 100 parts by weight of rice straw.

In addition, the second year soil management step and the microorganism-containing mixture of the main control step, the bran antagonist 0.5-2 parts by weight in 100 parts by weight of rice bran and fermented at a temperature of 25 ~ 35 ℃ for 2-4 days to prepare a microbial fermentation agent It is more preferably prepared by mixing 8 to 12 parts by weight of the raw material prepared from the residue left after the red ginseng is manufactured to 100 parts by weight of the microbial fermenter.

In addition, the bioactive material in the seedling management step, it is more preferably produced by adding 90 to 110 parts by weight of brown rice vinegar to 10 parts by weight of the shrimp shell or crab shell after slightly burning the shrimp shell or crab shell in a low heat. Do.

In addition, the natural insecticide in the main fabric management step, it is more preferably prepared by pulverizing at least any one selected from the group consisting of Sancho, Gosam and Eoseongcho, mixed with water in the same ratio and then aged for 80 to 100 days.

In addition, the outbreak is a rice straw, crab shell and egg shell mixture 0.5 ~ 2 tons per arbor in a ginseng cultivation site to perform a couple of times tilling, then planted rye, cut into a rye's house, mixed with soil 1 Annual soil management phase; 2nd year soil management, which is sprayed more than 15 times by spraying 80 ~ 120kg of arsaccharide microorganism-containing mixture, 15 ~ 25kg of ganban stone, 8 ~ 12kg silicic acid and 18 ~ 22㎏ of Pyrethrum on the planned ginseng cultivation site after the 1st year soil management stage step; Sowing ginseng seeds in the ginseng cultivation site undergoing the second year soil management step, diluting the bioactive material prepared from shrimp shells or crab shells and brown rice vinegar with 900 ~ 1100 times the water to prepare a liquid fertilizer 100 weight A seedling management step of culturing seedlings by mixing 0.3 ~ 0.7 parts by weight of antagonists to the parts, fertilizing 2 ~ 5L of the liquid ratio mixed with the antagonists per ginseng cultivation area; The seedlings cultivated in the seedling management step were transplanted into main fabric, and the microorganism-containing mixture was sprayed 100 ~ 200g per square meter of ginseng cultivation area at the time of autumn maple leaves in two and four year old ginseng roots, and twice a year with natural insecticide. Spraying, the main fabric management step of fertilizing 2-3 times a year by mixing 3 to 7 parts by weight of mineral minerals to 100 parts by weight of ginseng solution ratio made of leaves, stems and roots of ginseng; And it provides a method of cultivating ginseng by the organic method, comprising the step of harvesting ginseng six years of the ginseng grown in the mainpo management step.

In addition, the onset of the first six-year-old ginseng roots steamed for 1 to 3 hours at a temperature of 85 ~ 90 ℃ in the steamer, and then steamed for 2 to 4 hours at a temperature of 90 ~ 95 ℃ in the steamer again , 35-45 hours of aging at a temperature of 75-85 ° C. to prepare red ginseng; Extracting the fruit of the six-year-old ginseng around June to separate the seeds, steaming the separated ginseng fruit at a temperature of 85 ~ 90 ℃ in a steamer for 2-3 hours and then drying; And mixing 40 to 50 parts by weight of the steamed and dried ginseng fruit to 100 parts by weight of red ginseng and then extracting hot water at 80 to 90 ° C. for 40 to 50 hours to obtain a ginseng extract. To provide.

Organic ginseng according to the present invention does not use chemical fertilizers or chemical insecticides, there is no residue of chemical components harmful to the human body and is beneficial to human health when ingested.

In addition, the ginseng extract is manufactured by including the pulp and rind portion of the fruit, which is a discarded portion of ginseng, can be used without wasting the active ingredient contained in the pulp and rind, and can solve all problems caused during disposal It has an effect.

Hereinafter, a method of cultivating ginseng by the organic method and preparing the grown ginseng as an extract according to the present invention will be described in detail.

1. Soil Management

First, select the site where Samjang will be installed and perform soil improvement work. It is preferable to do this for 2 years before planting ginseng.

The main purpose of soil management is to make herds. When a single grain of soil aggregates into a swarm, the voids between the swarm will increase, leading to better breathability, water retention and drainage.

In the first year of soil improvement work, the planned site is tilled two to three times. At the time of tillage, rice straw, crab shell and egg shell are mixed, and the ground is mixed with 0.5 to 2 tons per ar. The mixture is prepared by mixing 3 to 7 parts by weight of crab shell and 8 to 12 parts by weight of eggshell with respect to 100 parts by weight of rice straw. The tillering is a process of making soils into soft tissues by mixing organic matters such as neat soils well with the soil by digging deeply the soil of the planted soil and breaking the clumped soil or the soil compacted in the soil layer. This is to improve the effectiveness and breathability of soil disinfection by exposing to water.

The reason why the mixture is mixed at the time of tillage is that the soil containing a lot of chemical fertilizer components such as nitrogen and the soil in the soil does not contain the proper organic matter and increases the air permeability to provide oxygen, thereby creating an environment in which effective microorganisms can grow. It exists for a long time to play a role in preventing pathogens harmful to cultivation of ginseng.

 After plowing, rye is planted. Since the roots go deep into the soil, the roots alone have the effect of mixing a large amount of organic matter into the soil evenly. If you cut them in tillage and mix them during tillage, the rye is borne by microorganisms in the soil. In the process of decay, it plays a role of tangling a single egg into a swarm.

In the second year, the site is tilled 15 times to provide soil disinfection and oxygen supply.

100 parts by weight of rice bran mixed 0.5-2 parts by weight of antagonists and fermented for 2-4 days at a temperature of 25 ~ 35 ℃ to prepare a microbial fermentation agent 8 to 12 parts by weight Mix to increase the density of microorganisms. It is also possible to use the residue left after the manufacture of red ginseng as the home cooking material.

The ginseng cultivation site is sprayed by spraying 80-120 kg of the above-mentioned microorganism-containing mixture and 15-25 kg of ganban stone, 8-12 kg of silicic acid, and 18-22 kg of insect pesticides, which are insecticides.

2. Nursery management

After the soil management lasts for two years, the seeded ginseng seeded in the planned site is sown in October-November, it germinates in April of the following year and becomes a transplantable seedling in October.

Seedlings of seedlings are preferable to drip irrigation, and the fertilizer used when irrigation is allowed to penetrate into the soil rather than accumulate on the surface of the soil. It is not preferable because it worsens and the soil hardness becomes large.

The liquid fertilizer includes a bioactive material, which is intended to create an environment in which microorganisms grow well, and the method of preparing the bioactive material is first put the shrimp shell or crab shell in a low heat and then put in a container, When 90 to 110 parts by weight of brown rice vinegar is added to 10 parts by weight of the shrimp shell or crab shell, bubbles are generated. If bubbles are no longer generated, the preparation of the bioactive material is completed, and the bioactive material is diluted with 900 ~ 1100 times of water and used as a liquid ratio.

0.3 to 0.7 parts by weight of the antagonists are mixed with 100 parts by weight of the liquid ratio, and 2 to 5 liters of the liquid ratio of the antagonists mixed per 2 m 2 of ginseng cultivation area is irrigated. The irrigation is carried out once a year, and it is advisable to carry out an additional two or three times a year for the seedlings which are expected to be diseased. This will reduce the damage of the disease, such as preventing the wearing disease (인) of ginseng.

3. Mainpo Management

Ginseng is not good body shape when straight ((播)), so transplant the seedlings 1 year after seeding in seedlings to main follicles.

Two- and four-year-old samjangs after the transplantation are sprayed with 100-200 g of the microorganism-containing mixture in ginseng cultivation area at the time of autumn maple leaves. This prevents root diseases and stocks that appear at the time of shipment.

In addition, pulverized at least one selected from the group consisting of Sancho (山椒), Gosam (및) and Eosungcho (魚腥草), mixed with water at the same ratio and then aged for 80 to 100 days to replace natural chemical pesticides Used as a pesticide.

The natural insecticide is sprayed twice a year.

In addition, put the leaves, stems and roots of ginseng in a container and mix the fermentation agent and then fermented while aeration to produce a ginseng liquor ratio. The fermentation agent is a conventional fermentation agent used for fermentation of organic matter such as food waste, and is generally an environment-friendly fermentation agent using microorganisms, although the amount used varies depending on the type of fermentation agent.

Mix 100 to 3 parts by weight of the ginseng solution ratio mineral minerals 3-7 parts by weight and fertilize 2-3 times a year.

The harvest of ginseng can be harvested if the ginseng is 4-6 years old, but it is preferable to harvest 6-year-old ginseng, which is the time when the active ingredient is maximized, and the ginseng extract prepared with 6-year-old ginseng has the best quality.

4. Ginseng Extract Manufacturer

First, the fruit of the six-year-old ginseng cultivated above is harvested around June to separate the seeds, and after washing the ginseng fruit from which the seeds are separated, steamed at a temperature of 85 to 90 ° C. for 2 to 3 hours, and then the ginseng dryer Dry using. The ginseng dryer can be used any conventional ginseng dryer that is commercially available.

Next, after washing the ginseng roots for 6 years, first steam for 1 to 3 hours at the temperature of 85 ~ 90 ℃ in the steamer, and then steam for 2 to 4 hours at the temperature of 90 ~ 95 ℃ in the steamer again. , 35-45 hours of aging at a temperature of 75 ~ 85 ℃ to produce red ginseng.

After mixing the steamed and dried ginseng fruit 40-50 parts by weight to 100 parts by weight of the prepared red ginseng to obtain a ginseng extract by extracting hot water at 80 ~ 90 ℃ 40 to 50 hours.

The ginseng extract is diluted in water according to your preference, and drink.

Claims (8)

Growing organic ginseng using compost made from environmentally friendly materials and microorganisms; Harvesting six years old ginseng among the organic ginseng being grown; The harvested six-year-old ginseng root was first steamed for 1 to 3 hours at a temperature of 85 to 90 ° C. in a steamer, and then secondly steamed at a temperature of 90 to 95 ° C. for 2 to 4 hours in a steamer, and then 75 35-45 hours of aging at a temperature of ˜85 ° C. to prepare red ginseng; Harvesting the fruit of the six-year-old ginseng of the cultivated organic ginseng around June to separate the seeds, and steaming the separated ginseng fruit at a temperature of 85 ~ 90 ℃ in a steamer for 2-3 hours and then drying; And Mixing 40 to 50 parts by weight of the steamed and dried ginseng fruit to 100 parts by weight of the red ginseng and extracting hot water at 80 to 90 ℃ 40 to 50 hours to obtain a ginseng extract, by the organic method A method of growing ginseng and preparing the grown ginseng as an extract. The method of claim 1, wherein the growing of the organic ginseng, 1 year soil management step of mixing rice straw straw, crab shell and egg shell mixture to the ginseng cultivation site by mixing 0.5 to 2 tons per arbor two to three times, and then planting rye and cutting it into the rye's house to mix with the soil; 2nd year soil management, which is sprayed more than 15 times by spraying 80 ~ 120kg of arsaccharide microorganism-containing mixture, 15 ~ 25kg of ganban stone, 8 ~ 12kg silicic acid and 18 ~ 22㎏ of Pyrethrum on the planned ginseng cultivation site after the 1st year soil management stage step; Sowing ginseng seeds in the ginseng cultivation site undergoing the second year soil management step, diluting the bioactive material prepared from shrimp shells or crab shells and brown rice vinegar with 900 ~ 1100 times the water to prepare a liquid fertilizer 100 weight A seedling management step of culturing seedlings by mixing 0.3 ~ 0.7 parts by weight of antagonists to the parts, fertilizing 2 ~ 5L of the liquid ratio mixed with the antagonists per ginseng cultivation area; The seedlings cultivated in the seedling management step were transplanted into main fabric, and the microorganism-containing mixture was sprayed 100 ~ 200g per square meter of ginseng cultivation area at the time of autumn maple leaves in two and four year old ginseng roots, and twice a year with natural insecticide. Spraying, the main fabric management step of fertilizing 2-3 times a year by mixing 3 to 7 parts by weight of mineral minerals to 100 parts by weight of ginseng solution ratio made of leaves, stems and roots of ginseng; And Growing ginseng by the organic method, characterized in that it comprises the step of harvesting six years old ginseng among the ginseng cultivated in the mainpo management step, and the method for producing the cultivated ginseng as an extract.  3. The method of claim 2, The straw straw, crab shell and egg shell mixture of the first year soil management step, characterized in that the 100 to 100 parts by weight of rice straw is prepared by mixing 3 to 7 parts by weight of crab shell and 8 to 12 parts by weight of egg shell, by the organic method A method of growing ginseng and preparing the grown ginseng as an extract. 3. The method of claim 2, The microorganism-containing mixture of the second year soil management step and the main fabric management step, 0.5 to 2 parts by weight of antagonistic bacteria to 100 parts by weight of rice bran is fermented at a temperature of 25 ~ 35 ℃ for 2 to 4 days to prepare a microbial fermentation agent and then the microorganism Cultivation of ginseng by the organic method, characterized in that it is prepared by mixing 8 to 12 parts by weight of the raw material prepared from the residue left after the manufacture of red ginseng to 100 parts by weight of the fermentation agent, and to prepare the grown ginseng as an extract. 3. The method of claim 2, The bioactive material in the seedling management step, after slightly burning the shrimp shell or crab shell in a low heat, it is prepared by adding 90 to 110 parts by weight of brown rice vinegar to 10 parts by weight of the shrimp shell or crab shell, A method of cultivating ginseng by the organic method and producing the grown ginseng as an extract. 3. The method of claim 2, The natural insecticide in the main care management step, organic method, characterized in that the pulverized at least one selected from the group consisting of Sancho, Gosam and Eoseongcho mixed with water at the same ratio and then aged for 80 to 100 days, the organic method A method of cultivating ginseng by the method and producing the grown ginseng as an extract. 1 year soil management step of mixing rice straw straw, crab shell and egg shell mixture to the ginseng cultivation site by mixing 0.5 to 2 tons per arbor two to three times, and then planting rye and cutting it into the rye's house to mix with the soil; 2nd year soil management, which is sprayed more than 15 times by spraying 80 ~ 120kg of arsaccharide microorganism-containing mixture, 15 ~ 25kg of ganban stone, 8 ~ 12kg silicic acid and 18 ~ 22㎏ of Pyrethrum on the planned ginseng cultivation site after the 1st year soil management stage step; Sowing ginseng seeds in the ginseng cultivation site undergoing the second year soil management step, diluting the bioactive material prepared from shrimp shells or crab shells and brown rice vinegar with 900 ~ 1100 times the water to prepare a liquid fertilizer 100 weight A seedling management step of culturing seedlings by mixing 0.3 ~ 0.7 parts by weight of antagonists to the parts, fertilizing 2 ~ 5L of the liquid ratio mixed with the antagonists per ginseng cultivation area; The seedlings cultivated in the seedling management step were transplanted into main fabric, and the microorganism-containing mixture was sprayed 100 ~ 200g per square meter of ginseng cultivation area at the time of autumn maple leaves in two and four year old ginseng roots, and twice a year with natural insecticide. Spraying, the main fabric management step of fertilizing 2-3 times a year by mixing 3 to 7 parts by weight of mineral minerals to 100 parts by weight of ginseng solution ratio made of leaves, stems and roots of ginseng; And A method of cultivating ginseng by the organic method, comprising the step of harvesting six years old ginseng among the ginseng cultivated in the mainpo management step. Six-year-old ginseng roots were steamed for 1 to 3 hours at a temperature of 85 ~ 90 ℃ in a steamer, and then steamed for 2 to 4 hours at a temperature of 90 ~ 95 ℃ in a steamer, and then at 75 ~ 85 ℃. 35 to 45 hours at the temperature of the step of producing red ginseng; Extracting the fruit of the six-year-old ginseng around June to separate the seeds, steaming the separated ginseng fruit at a temperature of 85 ~ 90 ℃ in a steamer for 2-3 hours and then drying; And Mixing 40 to 50 parts by weight of the steamed and dried ginseng fruit to 100 parts by weight of the red ginseng, and extracting hot water at 40 to 50 hours at 80 ~ 90 ℃, ginseng extract, characterized in that as an extract How to make.