CN108812116B - Composite three-dimensional ecological interplanting cultivation method for capsicum, towel gourd and water spinach - Google Patents
Composite three-dimensional ecological interplanting cultivation method for capsicum, towel gourd and water spinach Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/15—Leaf crops, e.g. lettuce or spinach
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/05—Fruit crops, e.g. strawberries, tomatoes or cucumbers
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Abstract
The invention provides a compound three-dimensional ecological interplanting cultivation method for hot peppers, loofah and water spinach, and relates to the technical field of crop interplanting ecological cultivation. The invention discloses a compound three-dimensional ecological interplanting cultivation method of hot pepper, towel gourd and water spinach, which comprises the following steps: arranging stubble gaps; soil preparation, bed making and frame building; sowing; culturing strong seedlings; transplanting and field planting; and (3) field management steps, wherein compared with single planting, the hot pepper, the towel gourd and the water spinach cultivated through the steps can effectively improve the annual utilization rate of land and obviously improve economic benefits.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of crop interplanting ecological cultivation, in particular to a compound three-dimensional ecological interplanting cultivation method for hot peppers, loofah and water spinach.
Background
Capsici fructus of Solanaceae and Capsici fructus is also called fructus Capsici, Capsici fructus, fructus Capsici, and fructus Zanthoxyli. Is a perennial herb for one year or a limited number of years, the fruit and the skin of capsicum have peppery taste due to capsaicin contained therein, and can stimulate appetite. The content of vitamin C in the pepper is the first in vegetables.
Luffa cylindrica, belonging to the genus Luffa of the family Cucurbitaceae, is also known as Tianluo, Shugua, Mian melon, Bu melon, Tian Shu melon, Manchu melon, etc., and 1 year-old climbing herb, fruit can be used as vegetable. The native tropical regions in India or south Asia are one of the important summer vegetables in China due to strong adaptability, heat resistance, moisture resistance and stress resistance. Has effects of refreshing, promoting urination, promoting blood circulation, dredging channels, removing toxic substance, resisting allergy, and caring skin.
Swamp spinach, an annual or perennial herb of the genus Ipomoea of the family Convolvulaceae. Caulis et folium Ampelopsis Grossdentata, Chinese cabbage, caulis et folium Brassicae Capitatae, Chinese sauerkraut, empty tube vegetable, and folium Bambusae; the white trumpet-shaped flower is opened, and the center of the stem is hollow, so the flower is called as the water spinach. The native tropical and rainy region in China is suitable for growing in a humid zone, is mainly distributed in the south of the Ling, is a green leaf vegetable generally cultivated in summer and autumn, has the edible parts of young and tender stems and leaves, 100 g of water spinach containing 147 mg of calcium and the head of the leaf spinach, and has rich crude fiber content, and the edible fiber consists of cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, mucilage, pectin and the like, and has the effects of promoting intestinal motility, relaxing bowels and detoxifying. The water spinach is alkaline food, can reduce the acidity of intestinal tract after being eaten, prevent the imbalance of bacterial flora in the intestinal tract, and is beneficial to cancer prevention.
The interplanting technology among crops is to utilize the time and space difference of crop growth and harvest to realize three-dimensional planting and greatly improve the output rate of land. On one hand, with the reduction of the cultivated land area, the interplanting of the pepper, the towel gourd and the water spinach can well solve the conflict of land conflict of grain channels, is an effective way for improving the economic benefit of agricultural production and increasing the income of farmers, and on the other hand, the pepper, the towel gourd and the water spinach are usually planted for single crops within the planting years, so that trace elements in soil are rapidly reduced, the soil fertility is insufficient, and the quality of the pepper, the towel gourd and the water spinach is seriously and rapidly reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a composite three-dimensional ecological interplanting cultivation method for hot pepper, towel gourd and water spinach, and aims to solve the technical problem that the yield and the quality of the hot pepper, the towel gourd and the water spinach are sharply reduced due to insufficient soil fertility caused by more single planting of the hot pepper, the towel gourd and the water spinach within the planting period.
In order to realize the purpose, the invention provides a compound three-dimensional ecological interplanting cultivation method of hot pepper, towel gourd and water spinach, which specifically adopts the following technical scheme:
a compound three-dimensional ecological interplanting cultivation method for capsicum, towel gourd and water spinach comprises stubble arrangement; soil preparation, bed making and frame building; sowing; culturing strong seedlings; transplanting and field planting; field management steps
Further, the specific steps are as follows:
arranging stubble openings: sowing water spinach in the middle and last ten days of the month, and harvesting in the middle and last ten days of the month 4 to the bottom of the month 5; planting the towel gourd in the middle and last ten days of 3 months, and harvesting the towel gourd to the bottom of 10 months at the bottom of 4 months; fixedly planting the hot pepper in the last 4 th of month, and harvesting the hot pepper in the last 6 th of month to 8 months;
land preparation, bed making and frame building: selecting soil which is sunny, fertile in soil quality, moist, convenient to irrigate and drain and has a pH value of 5.0-6.0 as a planting field, deeply ploughing for 25-45cm in the first 12 th month period, solarizing for 5-7 days, applying 1000kg of decomposed livestock and poultry manure organic fertilizer per mu, leveling and raking the soil, watering until the soil is completely wet, covering a layer of wheat straw on the planting field, turning the wheat straw into the soil in the last 12 th month period, ploughing for 15-20cm in the first 1 th month period, applying 10-20kg of tourmaline powder, 15-60kg of sugarcane peel, 25-45kg of wheat straw biomass charcoal, 1000kg of rotten apples, 30-50kg of peeled garlic cloves and 15-22kg of egg shells per mu in combination with shallow ploughing, leveling and raking the soil, and covering the soil with black film; in 2 months, removing the black film, building an arch frame, covering a film after the arch frame is installed, making beds by adopting 3m of open box outside the arch frame to form 2 boxes, making beds with the width of 1.3m and the width of a ditch of 40cm, laying 2 drip irrigation belts, and planting peppers; in the arch center: the 3m compartment is opened into 2 compartments to form a furrow, the width of the furrow is 1.3m, the width of the furrow is 40cm, 2 micro-sprinkling irrigation belts are laid, water spinach is planted on the surface of the furrow, and towel gourd is planted on the outer side of the surface of the furrow.
③ cultivation of strong seedlings
A. Chili seedling raising method
Sowing in the middle of 11 months of the previous year; culturing seedlings in a greenhouse, erecting a middle arch shed and a small arch shed in the greenhouse, paving a ground heating wire under a seedbed, and connecting the ground heating wire when the temperature is lower than 0 ℃; selecting naturally mature, full, complete and undamaged pepper seeds; soaking pepper seeds in sugar saline for 8-10h, taking out, putting into a spermidine solution with the concentration of 1.00mmol/L, placing in a thermostat with the temperature of 30-35 ℃, respectively irradiating by using blue light with the wavelength of 465mm and red light with the wavelength of 650mm for 1h every day, after the seeds are exposed to white, sowing the pepper seeds in a plastic seedling raising plug tray, and planting when pepper seedlings have 10-12 true leaves; seedling raising substrates with the thickness of 8cm are paved in the seedling raising plug tray, the seedling raising substrates are disinfected by ozone before seeding, and the seedling raising substrates comprise the following materials in parts by weight: 15-20 parts of peanut shells, 10-15 parts of corncobs, 30-50 parts of cow dung, 3-5 parts of haematococcus residue and 20-30 parts of lake mud;
B. seedling raising of towel gourd
Sowing in the middle and last ten days of the month; culturing seedlings in a greenhouse, erecting a middle arch shed and a small arch shed in the greenhouse, laying ground heat wires below a seedbed, connecting the ground heat wires when the temperature is lower than 0 ℃, laying an LED light supplement lamp on the seedbed, and starting irradiation for 4 hours every day on a continuous rainy day; selecting full seeds to remove impurities, mildew seeds, rotten seeds and shrunken seeds, soaking the seeds in a vitamin C solution with the concentration of 1mol/L for 5 hours, fishing out the seeds after the seed soaking is finished, draining the seeds, wrapping the seeds with wet gauze or a towel, putting the seeds in a constant temperature box with the temperature of 30 ℃ for accelerating germination, turning the seeds for 1 time every day in the accelerating germination process, flushing the seeds with warm water for soaking when the seeds are over-dry, sowing the seeds when most of the seeds are exposed to white after 3-5 days, sowing the seeds in a plastic seedling raising tray, and planting the towel gourd seedlings when the three leaves are in one heart; seedling raising substrates with the thickness of 8cm are paved in the seedling raising plug tray, the seedling raising substrates are disinfected by ozone before seeding, sodium chloride solution with the concentration of 150mmol/L is used for splashing the substrates until the wetting depth is 2-3cm, and the nutrition substrates comprise the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1-2 parts of phenylalanine ammonia lyase, 15-20 parts of mushroom residue, 8-10 parts of cabo peat, 10-12 parts of coconut coir, 15-20 parts of vermiculite powder and 30-40 parts of biogas slurry.
C. Water spinach planting
Sowing in the middle and last ten days of the month; selecting plump seeds, soaking the seeds in hot water of 50-60 ℃ for 30 minutes before sowing, soaking the seeds in clear water for 24 hours, fishing out the seeds after soaking, cleaning, and accelerating germination at 30 ℃. During the germination accelerating period, the seeds are washed with warm water for 1 time every day, and after about 5 to 7 days, the seeds can be sown after white emergence; the bottom water is thoroughly poured one day before sowing, and the furrow surface is loosened by a fine rake on the 2 nd day to ensure that the soil is deficient and full. Uniformly sowing seeds, immediately covering a layer of plastic film, erecting a small arched shed, and covering a small arched shed film.
Fourthly, transplanting and field planting
a. Planting towel gourd: lifting a small arched shed of the water spinach in the middle and late ten days of 3 months, planting strong towel gourd seedlings on the outer sides (inner sides) of the land surfaces of the water spinach, wherein 1 row of each of two sides in each arched shed is provided with a planting distance of 80cm and a planting depth of 10cm, performing shallow plowing on soil in a ditch after planting in 8 days, combining the shallow plowing with the shallow plowing depth of 15-20cm, additionally applying 300kg of fermented fertilizer per mu, and leveling and harrowing the soil after additional application;
b. planting the peppers: in the last ten days of 4 months, double-row planting is carried out on pepper seedlings outside an arch frame, the row spacing is 40cm, the plant spacing is 45cm, 1 plant is planted in each hole, the planting depth is 12cm, and 1000kg of soil synergistic fertilizer is additionally applied to each mu 15 days after planting.
Fifthly, field management
a. Topdressing: topdressing is started when the water spinach seedlings grow to 7-10 cm, topdressing is carried out for 1-2 times after every picking, urea is used as a main fertilizer, and intertillage and weeding are carried out in time before ridge sealing; topdressing is started after 10 days of field planting of the towel gourd, and water soluble fertilizer is topdressed every 10-15 days; topdressing is started after the pepper is fixedly planted for 10 days, and water-soluble fertilizer is topdressed every 10-15 days; spraying pricklyash peel water to the leaves of the peppers, the luffa and the water spinach at the same time every 20 days from the beginning of 5 months for 3 times;
b. removing the small arched shed at the beginning of 4 months, removing the shed film in the middle ten days of 4 months, erecting a melon shed net, and leading the towel gourd to the upper frame;
c. harvesting: in the middle and late ten days of 4 months, water spinach begins to be harvested, and 2 sections of stems are reserved in the initial stage for harvesting; beginning to collect the towel gourd at the bottom of 4 months; the pepper is harvested in the last 6 months.
d. And (3) managing after harvesting: after the pepper is harvested, root irrigation is carried out by using bactericidal powder, wherein the bactericidal powder comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: the traditional Chinese medicine composition is prepared by mixing oleander powder, clove basil powder, chinaberry seed powder, rhizoma coptidis powder and diamond vine powder according to the mass ratio of 3:2:5:4: 1.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention discloses a compound three-dimensional ecological interplanting cultivation method of hot pepper, towel gourd and water spinach, which comprises the following steps: arranging stubble gaps; soil preparation, bed making and frame building; sowing; culturing strong seedlings; transplanting and field planting; the method comprises the following steps of field management, wherein hot pepper, towel gourd and water spinach cultivated through the steps are compared with single planting and traditional intercropping, on one hand, the annual utilization rate of land can be effectively improved, the yield of the hot pepper, the towel gourd and the water spinach is obviously improved, the economic benefit of farmers is obviously increased, on the other hand, the physical and chemical properties of the soil are gradually improved from a shallow layer to a deep layer, finally, the soil is loosened, the content of beneficial bacteria is increased, the content of trace elements in the soil is increased, the soil fertility is enhanced, and the quality of the hot pepper, the towel gourd and the water spinach is fundamentally improved.
2. In the field planting process, the water spinach, the towel gourd and the hot pepper are sown/field-planted in sequence according to the growth rule reasonably, and the top dressing irrigation operation after the water spinach sowing improves a good soil foundation for the towel gourd, so that the towel gourd can quickly take nutrition from the soil after field planting, and the survival rate of the towel gourd seedlings is improved. Therefore, through the good connection of the field planting time of the towel gourd, the water spinach and the hot pepper, the survival rate of the seedlings is improved, a good foundation is laid for improving the yield of the three vegetables, the frequency of watering after field planting is greatly reduced, and the energy is saved.
Compared with the traditional method for improving the physical and chemical properties of soil through cultivation, the method gradually improves the soil from a shallow layer to a middle layer to a deep layer, and by the steps of soil preparation and fertilization and field planting, the shallow layer soil is firstly loosened, then the content of beneficial bacteria in the middle layer soil is increased, finally the content of trace elements in the deep layer soil is increased, and the fertility is improved. In the traditional single planting process, a large amount of chemical fertilizer is often used, so that the permeability of shallow soil is reduced, the content of organic matters is reduced, and the soil is hardened, the invention firstly applies decomposed livestock and poultry manure organic fertilizer, wheat straw biomass charcoal, rotten apples and egg shells, applies tourmaline powder, converts light energy into heat energy through tourmaline, raises the surface temperature of the soil, further ferments the applied fertilizer to improve the content of the organic matters in the soil, and then applies the fermented fertilizer prepared from urea, oyster shells and furfural residues to the shallow soil after field planting through towel gourd, utilizes the micro-porous structure of the oyster shells, and applies the fermented fertilizer to the soil after fermentation, so that the oyster shells containing calcium elements are easily adsorbed when released into acid soil, thereby playing the roles of buffering the acid soil and improving the pH value of the soil, and calcium element is adsorbed by soil and forms a plurality of small holes, so that the permeability of the surface layer of the soil is enhanced, and then fermentation materials containing furfural residues, urea and the like are further applied, so that the organic matter content of the surface soil can be further rapidly improved, the soil is loosened, good fertility is provided for the field planting of the towel gourd seedlings, and the hardened state of the soil is also improved.
The invention adopts the bacillus subtilis with nitrogen fixation effect and the bacillus megaterium with phosphate dissolving effect, can degrade nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium into micromolecular substances so as to be beneficial to better absorption of roots of growing loofah and water spinach, simultaneously adds the trichoderma harzianum and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, has antagonistic effect on the growth of other pathogenic fungi in soil, reduces the propagation of harmful bacteria in the soil, greatly improves the quantity of beneficial bacteria in the soil, simultaneously increases the activity of beta-1, 3-glucanase and peroxidase in the loofah and water spinach, enhances the disease resistance of seedlings, and reduces the incidence rate of plant diseases and insect pests; with the increase of the quantity of beneficial bacteria in the soil layer, the physical and chemical properties of the soil are further improved, after the field planting of the peppers, the pennisetum hydridum powder, the eggplant stalk powder, the sesame residue sauce and the liquid dung are prepared into soil synergistic fertilizer through fermentation for topdressing by deep ploughing the soil, and various trace elements in the deep layer of the soil are supplemented, so that the soil fertility is greatly enhanced through a three-step method, required nutrition is continuously provided for the planting of the peppers, the luffa and the water spinach, the pollution-free, green and safe cultivation is realized, the use of chemical fertilizers is stopped from the source, the disease and pest incidence of the peppers, the luffa and the water spinach is reduced, and the internal quality is improved.
3. After the loofah, the hot pepper and the water spinach are harvested for the first time, the natural plant powder such as the oleander powder, the clove basil powder, the chinaberry seed powder, the native coptis powder and the like are mixed to prepare the sterilization powder for furrow application, and the sterilization powder is applied in the furrow for killing harmful bacteria in soil better in the season with high incidence of plant diseases and insect pests in the early 6 months after 5 months, so that the three vegetables are prevented and treated from the roots, and compared with the traditional foliar fertilizer disease prevention rate during spraying, the foliar fertilizer disease prevention rate of the cultivation process of the invention on the hot pepper, the loofah and the water spinach reaches more than 95%, and is remarkably improved by 7-8%.
In addition to the objects, features and advantages described above, other objects, features and advantages of the present invention are also provided. The present invention will be described in further detail below.
Detailed Description
The following is a detailed description of embodiments of the invention, but the invention can be implemented in many different ways, as defined and covered by the claims.
Example 1
A compound three-dimensional ecological interplanting cultivation method for capsicum, towel gourd and water spinach comprises the following steps:
arranging stubble openings: sowing water spinach in the middle and last ten days of the month, and harvesting in the middle and last ten days of the month 4 to the bottom of the month 5; planting the towel gourd in the middle and last ten days of 3 months, and harvesting the towel gourd to the bottom of 10 months at the bottom of 4 months; fixedly planting the hot pepper in the last 4 th of month, and harvesting the hot pepper in the last 6 th of month to 8 months;
land preparation, bed making and frame building: selecting soil which is sunny, fertile in soil, moist, convenient to irrigate and drain and has a pH value of 5.0-6.0 as a planting field, deeply ploughing for 25cm in the first 12 th day, solarizing for 5 days, applying 800kg of decomposed livestock and poultry manure organic fertilizer per mu, leveling and finely raking the soil, watering until the soil is completely wet, then covering a layer of wheat straw on the planting field, turning the wheat straw into the soil in the second 12 th day, shallowly ploughing for 15cm in the first 1 th day, applying 10kg of tourmaline powder, 15kg of sugarcane peel, 25kg of wheat straw biomass charcoal, 800kg of rotten apples, 30kg of peeled petals and 15kg of egg shells in combination with shallow ploughing per mu, and leveling and finely raking the soil and completely covering with black film; in 2 months, removing the black film, building an arch frame, covering a film after the arch frame is installed, making beds by adopting 3m of open box outside the arch frame to form 2 boxes, making beds with the width of 1.3m and the width of a ditch of 40cm, laying 2 drip irrigation belts, and planting peppers; in the arch center: the 3m compartment is opened into 2 compartments to form a furrow, the width of the furrow is 1.3m, the width of the furrow is 40cm, 2 micro-sprinkling irrigation belts are laid, water spinach is planted on the surface of the furrow, and towel gourd is planted on the outer side of the surface of the furrow.
③ cultivation of strong seedlings
A. Chili seedling raising method
Sowing in the middle of 11 months of the previous year; culturing seedlings in a greenhouse, erecting a middle arch shed and a small arch shed in the greenhouse, paving a ground heating wire under a seedbed, and connecting the ground heating wire when the temperature is lower than 0 ℃; selecting naturally mature, full, complete and undamaged pepper seeds; soaking pepper seeds in sugar salt water for 8 hours, taking out the pepper seeds, putting the pepper seeds into a spermidine solution with the concentration of 1.00mmol/L into a thermostat with the temperature of 30 ℃, respectively irradiating the pepper seeds for 1 hour by using blue light with the wavelength of 465mm and red light with the wavelength of 650mm every day, sowing the pepper seeds into a plastic seedling raising plug tray after the seeds are exposed to white, and planting the pepper seeds when 10-12 true leaves exist; seedling raising substrates with the thickness of 8cm are paved in the seedling raising plug tray, the seedling raising substrates are disinfected by ozone before seeding, and the seedling raising substrates comprise the following materials in parts by weight: 15 parts of peanut shells, 10 parts of corncobs, 30 parts of cow dung, 3 parts of haematococcus residue and 20 parts of lake mud;
B. seedling raising of towel gourd
Sowing in the middle and last ten days of the month; culturing seedlings in a greenhouse, erecting a middle arch shed and a small arch shed in the greenhouse, laying ground heat wires below a seedbed, connecting the ground heat wires when the temperature is lower than 0 ℃, laying an LED light supplement lamp on the seedbed, and starting irradiation for 4 hours every day on a continuous rainy day; selecting full seeds to remove impurities, mildew seeds, rotten seeds and shrunken seeds, soaking the seeds in a vitamin C solution with the concentration of 1mol/L for 5 hours, fishing out the seeds after the seed soaking is finished, draining the seeds, wrapping the seeds with wet gauze or a towel, putting the seeds in a constant temperature box with the temperature of 30 ℃ for accelerating germination, turning the seeds for 1 time every day in the accelerating germination process, flushing the seeds with warm water for soaking when the seeds are over-dry, sowing the seeds when most of the seeds are exposed to white after 3-5 days, sowing the seeds in a plastic seedling raising tray, and planting the towel gourd seedlings when the three leaves are in one heart; seedling raising substrates with the thickness of 8cm are paved in the seedling raising plug tray, the seedling raising substrates are disinfected by ozone before seeding, sodium chloride solution with the concentration of 150mmol/L is used for splashing the substrates until the wetting depth is 2cm, and the nutrition substrates comprise the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1 part of phenylalanine ammonia lyase, 15 parts of mushroom residues, 8 parts of cabo grass carbon, 10 parts of coconut coir, 15 parts of vermiculite powder and 30 parts of biogas slurry.
C. Water spinach planting
Sowing in the middle and last ten days of the month; selecting plump seeds, soaking the seeds in hot water at 50 ℃ for 30 minutes before sowing, soaking the seeds in clear water for 24 hours, fishing out the seeds after soaking, cleaning, and accelerating germination at 30 ℃. During the germination accelerating period, the seeds are washed with warm water for 1 time every day, and after about 5 to 7 days, the seeds can be sown after white emergence; the bottom water is thoroughly poured one day before sowing, and the furrow surface is loosened by a fine rake on the 2 nd day to ensure that the soil is deficient and full. Uniformly sowing seeds, immediately covering a layer of plastic film, erecting a small arched shed, and covering a small arched shed film.
Fourthly, transplanting and field planting
a. Planting towel gourd: lifting a small arched shed of the water spinach in the middle and late ten days of 3 months, planting strong towel gourd seedlings on the outer sides (inner sides) of the land surfaces of the water spinach, wherein 1 row of each of two sides in each arched shed is provided with a planting distance of 80cm and a planting depth of 10cm, performing shallow plowing on soil in a ditch in the 8 th day after planting, combining the shallow plowing, applying 300kg of fermented fertilizer per mu, leveling and harrowing the soil after topdressing;
b. planting the peppers: in the last ten days of 4 months, double-row planting is carried out on pepper seedlings outside an arch frame, the row spacing is 40cm, the plant spacing is 45cm, 1 plant is planted in each hole, the planting depth is 12cm, and 1000kg of soil synergistic fertilizer is additionally applied to each mu 15 days after planting.
Fifthly, field management
a. Topdressing: topdressing is started when the water spinach seedlings grow to 7-10 cm, topdressing is carried out for 1-2 times after every picking, urea is used as a main fertilizer, and intertillage and weeding are carried out in time before ridge sealing; topdressing is started after 10 days of field planting of the towel gourd, and water soluble fertilizer is topdressed every 10-15 days; topdressing is started after the pepper is fixedly planted for 10 days, and water-soluble fertilizer is topdressed every 10-15 days; spraying pricklyash peel water to the leaves of the peppers, the luffa and the water spinach at the same time every 20 days from the beginning of 5 months for 3 times;
b. removing the small arched shed at the beginning of 4 months, removing the shed film in the middle ten days of 4 months, erecting a melon shed net, and leading the towel gourd to the upper frame;
c. harvesting: in the middle and late ten days of 4 months, water spinach begins to be harvested, and 2 sections of stems are reserved in the initial stage for harvesting; beginning to collect the towel gourd at the bottom of 4 months; the pepper is harvested in the last 6 months.
d. And (3) managing after harvesting: after the pepper is harvested, root irrigation is carried out by using bactericidal powder, wherein the bactericidal powder comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: the traditional Chinese medicine composition is prepared by mixing oleander powder, clove basil powder, chinaberry seed powder, rhizoma coptidis powder and diamond vine powder according to the mass ratio of 3:2:5:4: 1.
Example 2
A compound three-dimensional ecological interplanting cultivation method for capsicum, towel gourd and water spinach comprises the following steps:
arranging stubble openings: sowing water spinach in the middle and last ten days of the month, and harvesting in the middle and last ten days of the month 4 to the bottom of the month 5; planting the towel gourd in the middle and last ten days of 3 months, and harvesting the towel gourd to the bottom of 10 months at the bottom of 4 months; fixedly planting the hot pepper in the last 4 th of month, and harvesting the hot pepper in the last 6 th of month to 8 months;
land preparation, bed making and frame building: selecting soil which is sunny, fertile in soil, moist, convenient to irrigate and drain and has a pH value of 5.0-6.0 as a planting field, deeply ploughing for 45cm in the first 12 th day, solarizing for 7 days, applying 1000kg of decomposed livestock and poultry manure organic fertilizer per mu, leveling and finely raking the soil, watering until the soil is completely wet, then covering a layer of wheat straw on the planting field, turning the wheat straw into the soil in the second 12 th day, shallowly ploughing for 20cm in the first 1 th day, applying 20kg of tourmaline powder, 60kg of sugarcane peel, 45kg of wheat straw biomass charcoal, 1000kg of rotten apples, 50kg of peeled petals and 22kg of egg shells in combination with shallow ploughing per mu, and leveling and finely raking the soil and completely covering with black film; in 2 months, removing the black film, building an arch frame, covering a film after the arch frame is installed, making beds by adopting 3m of open box outside the arch frame to form 2 boxes, making beds with the width of 1.3m and the width of a ditch of 40cm, laying 2 drip irrigation belts, and planting peppers; in the arch center: the 3m compartment is opened into 2 compartments to form a furrow, the width of the furrow is 1.3m, the width of the furrow is 40cm, 2 micro-sprinkling irrigation belts are laid, water spinach is planted on the surface of the furrow, and towel gourd is planted on the outer side of the surface of the furrow.
③ cultivation of strong seedlings
A. Chili seedling raising method
Sowing in the middle of 11 months of the previous year; culturing seedlings in a greenhouse, erecting a middle arch shed and a small arch shed in the greenhouse, paving a ground heating wire under a seedbed, and connecting the ground heating wire when the temperature is lower than 0 ℃; selecting naturally mature, full, complete and undamaged pepper seeds; soaking pepper seeds in sugar salt water for 10 hours, taking out the pepper seeds, putting the pepper seeds into a spermidine solution with the concentration of 1.00mmol/L, placing the pepper seeds in a thermostat with the temperature of 35 ℃, respectively irradiating the pepper seeds for 1 hour by using blue light with the wavelength of 465mm and red light with the wavelength of 650mm every day, sowing the pepper seeds in a plastic seedling raising plug tray after the seeds are exposed to white, and planting the pepper seeds when 10-12 true leaves exist; seedling raising substrates with the thickness of 8cm are paved in the seedling raising plug tray, the seedling raising substrates are disinfected by ozone before seeding, and the seedling raising substrates comprise the following materials in parts by weight: 20 parts of peanut shells, 15 parts of corncobs, 50 parts of cow dung, 5 parts of haematococcus residue and 30 parts of lake mud;
B. seedling raising of towel gourd
Sowing in the middle and last ten days of the month; culturing seedlings in a greenhouse, erecting a middle arch shed and a small arch shed in the greenhouse, laying ground heat wires below a seedbed, connecting the ground heat wires when the temperature is lower than 0 ℃, laying an LED light supplement lamp on the seedbed, and starting irradiation for 4 hours every day on a continuous rainy day; selecting full seeds to remove impurities, mildew seeds, rotten seeds and shrunken seeds, soaking the seeds in a vitamin C solution with the concentration of 1mol/L for 5 hours, fishing out the seeds after the seed soaking is finished, draining the seeds, wrapping the seeds with wet gauze or a towel, putting the seeds in a constant temperature box with the temperature of 30 ℃ for accelerating germination, turning the seeds for 1 time every day in the accelerating germination process, flushing the seeds with warm water for soaking when the seeds are over-dry, sowing the seeds when most of the seeds are exposed to white after 3-5 days, sowing the seeds in a plastic seedling raising tray, and planting the towel gourd seedlings when the three leaves are in one heart; seedling raising substrates with the thickness of 8cm are paved in the seedling raising plug tray, the seedling raising substrates are disinfected by ozone before seeding, sodium chloride solution with the concentration of 150mmol/L is used for splashing the substrates until the wetting depth is 3cm, and the nutrition substrates comprise the following raw materials in parts by weight: 2 parts of phenylalanine ammonia lyase, 20 parts of mushroom residues, 10 parts of cabo grass carbon, 12 parts of coconut coir, 20 parts of vermiculite powder and 40 parts of biogas slurry.
C. Water spinach planting
Sowing in the middle and last ten days of the month; selecting plump seeds, soaking the seeds in hot water at 60 ℃ for 30 minutes before sowing, soaking the seeds in clear water for 24 hours, fishing out the seeds after soaking, cleaning, and accelerating germination at 30 ℃. During the germination accelerating period, the seeds are washed with warm water for 1 time every day, and after about 5 to 7 days, the seeds can be sown after white emergence; the bottom water is thoroughly poured one day before sowing, and the furrow surface is loosened by a fine rake on the 2 nd day to ensure that the soil is deficient and full. Uniformly sowing seeds, immediately covering a layer of plastic film, erecting a small arched shed, and covering a small arched shed film.
Fourthly, transplanting and field planting
a. Planting towel gourd: lifting a small arched shed of the water spinach in the middle and late ten days of 3 months, planting strong towel gourd seedlings on the outer sides (inner sides) of the land surfaces of the water spinach, wherein 1 row of each of two sides in each arched shed is provided with a planting distance of 80cm and a planting depth of 10cm, performing shallow plowing on soil in a ditch after planting in 8 days, combining the shallow plowing with the shallow plowing depth of 15-20cm, additionally applying 300kg of fermented fertilizer per mu, and leveling and harrowing the soil after additional application;
b. planting the peppers: in the last ten days of 4 months, double-row planting is carried out on pepper seedlings outside an arch frame, the row spacing is 40cm, the plant spacing is 45cm, 1 plant is planted in each hole, the planting depth is 12cm, and 1000kg of soil synergistic fertilizer is additionally applied to each mu 15 days after planting.
Fifthly, field management
a. Topdressing: topdressing is started when the water spinach seedlings grow to 7-10 cm, topdressing is carried out for 1-2 times after every picking, urea is used as a main fertilizer, and intertillage and weeding are carried out in time before ridge sealing; topdressing is started after 10 days of field planting of the towel gourd, and water soluble fertilizer is topdressed every 10-15 days; topdressing is started after the pepper is fixedly planted for 10 days, and water-soluble fertilizer is topdressed every 10-15 days; spraying pricklyash peel water to the leaves of the peppers, the luffa and the water spinach at the same time every 20 days from the beginning of 5 months for 3 times;
b. removing the small arched shed at the beginning of 4 months, removing the shed film in the middle ten days of 4 months, erecting a melon shed net, and leading the towel gourd to the upper frame;
c. harvesting: in the middle and late ten days of 4 months, water spinach begins to be harvested, and 2 sections of stems are reserved in the initial stage for harvesting; beginning to collect the towel gourd at the bottom of 4 months; the pepper is harvested in the last 6 months.
d. And (3) managing after harvesting: after the pepper is harvested, root irrigation is carried out by using bactericidal powder, wherein the bactericidal powder comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: the traditional Chinese medicine composition is prepared by mixing oleander powder, clove basil powder, chinaberry seed powder, rhizoma coptidis powder and diamond vine powder according to the mass ratio of 3:2:5:4: 1.
Example 3
A compound three-dimensional ecological interplanting cultivation method for capsicum, towel gourd and water spinach comprises the following steps:
arranging stubble openings: sowing water spinach in the middle and last ten days of the month, and harvesting in the middle and last ten days of the month 4 to the bottom of the month 5; planting the towel gourd in the middle and last ten days of 3 months, and harvesting the towel gourd to the bottom of 10 months at the bottom of 4 months; fixedly planting the hot pepper in the last 4 th of month, and harvesting the hot pepper in the last 6 th of month to 8 months;
land preparation, bed making and frame building: selecting soil which is sunny, fertile in soil, moist, convenient to irrigate and drain and has a pH value of 5.0-6.0 as a planting field, deeply ploughing for 35cm in the first 12 th day, solarizing for 6 days, applying 900kg of decomposed livestock and poultry manure organic fertilizer per mu, leveling and finely raking the soil, watering until the soil is completely wet, then covering a layer of wheat straw on the planting field, turning the wheat straw into the soil in the second 12 th day, shallowly ploughing for 18cm in the first 1 th day, applying 15kg of tourmaline powder, 45kg of sugarcane peel, 35kg of wheat straw biomass charcoal, 900kg of rotten apples, 40kg of peeled petals and 19kg of egg shells in combination with shallow ploughing per mu, and leveling and finely raking the soil and completely covering with black film; in 2 months, removing the black film, building an arch frame, covering a film after the arch frame is installed, making beds by adopting 3m of open box outside the arch frame to form 2 boxes, making beds with the width of 1.3m and the width of a ditch of 40cm, laying 2 drip irrigation belts, and planting peppers; in the arch center: the 3m compartment is opened into 2 compartments to form a furrow, the width of the furrow is 1.3m, the width of the furrow is 40cm, 2 micro-sprinkling irrigation belts are laid, water spinach is planted on the surface of the furrow, and towel gourd is planted on the outer side of the surface of the furrow.
③ cultivation of strong seedlings
A. Chili seedling raising method
Sowing in the middle of 11 months of the previous year; culturing seedlings in a greenhouse, erecting a middle arch shed and a small arch shed in the greenhouse, paving a ground heating wire under a seedbed, and connecting the ground heating wire when the temperature is lower than 0 ℃; selecting naturally mature, full, complete and undamaged pepper seeds; soaking pepper seeds in sugar salt water for 9 hours, taking out the pepper seeds, putting the pepper seeds into a spermidine solution with the concentration of 1.00mmol/L, placing the pepper seeds in a thermostat with the temperature of 33 ℃, respectively irradiating the pepper seeds for 1 hour by using blue light with the wavelength of 465mm and red light with the wavelength of 650mm every day, sowing the pepper seeds in a plastic seedling raising plug tray after the seeds are exposed to white, and planting the pepper seeds when 10-12 true leaves exist; seedling raising substrates with the thickness of 8cm are paved in the seedling raising plug tray, the seedling raising substrates are disinfected by ozone before seeding, and the seedling raising substrates comprise the following materials in parts by weight: 17 parts of peanut shells, 13 parts of corncobs, 40 parts of cow dung, 4 parts of haematococcus residue and 25 parts of lake mud;
B. seedling raising of towel gourd
Sowing in the middle and last ten days of the month; culturing seedlings in a greenhouse, erecting a middle arch shed and a small arch shed in the greenhouse, laying ground heat wires below a seedbed, connecting the ground heat wires when the temperature is lower than 0 ℃, laying an LED light supplement lamp on the seedbed, and starting irradiation for 4 hours every day on a continuous rainy day; selecting full seeds to remove impurities, mildew seeds, rotten seeds and shrunken seeds, soaking the seeds in a vitamin C solution with the concentration of 1mol/L for 5 hours, fishing out the seeds after the seed soaking is finished, draining the seeds, wrapping the seeds with wet gauze or a towel, putting the seeds in a constant temperature box with the temperature of 30 ℃ for accelerating germination, turning the seeds for 1 time every day in the accelerating germination process, flushing the seeds with warm water for soaking when the seeds are over-dry, sowing the seeds when most of the seeds are exposed to white after 3-5 days, sowing the seeds in a plastic seedling raising tray, and planting the towel gourd seedlings when the three leaves are in one heart; seedling raising substrates with the thickness of 8cm are paved in the seedling raising plug tray, the seedling raising substrates are disinfected by ozone before seeding, sodium chloride solution with the concentration of 150mmol/L is used for splashing the substrates until the wetting depth is 2.5cm, and the nutrition substrates comprise the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1.5 parts of phenylalanine ammonia lyase, 18 parts of mushroom residue, 9 parts of cabo grass carbon, 11 parts of coconut coir, 18 parts of vermiculite powder and 35 parts of biogas slurry.
C. Water spinach planting
Sowing in the middle and last ten days of the month; selecting plump seeds, soaking the seeds in hot water at 55 ℃ for 30 minutes before sowing, soaking the seeds in clear water for 24 hours, fishing out the seeds after soaking, cleaning, and accelerating germination at 30 ℃. During the germination accelerating period, the seeds are washed with warm water for 1 time every day, and after about 5 to 7 days, the seeds can be sown after white emergence; the bottom water is thoroughly poured one day before sowing, and the furrow surface is loosened by a fine rake on the 2 nd day to ensure that the soil is deficient and full. Uniformly sowing seeds, immediately covering a layer of plastic film, erecting a small arched shed, and covering a small arched shed film.
Fourthly, transplanting and field planting
a. Planting towel gourd: lifting a small arched shed of the water spinach in the middle and late ten days of 3 months, planting strong towel gourd seedlings on the outer sides (inner sides) of the land surfaces of the water spinach, wherein 1 row of each of two sides in each arched shed is provided with a planting distance of 80cm and a planting depth of 10cm, performing shallow plowing on soil in a ditch after planting in 8 days, combining the shallow plowing with the shallow plowing depth of 15-20cm, additionally applying 300kg of fermented fertilizer per mu, and leveling and harrowing the soil after additional application;
b. planting the peppers: in the last ten days of 4 months, double-row planting is carried out on pepper seedlings outside an arch frame, the row spacing is 40cm, the plant spacing is 45cm, 1 plant is planted in each hole, the planting depth is 12cm, and 1000kg of soil synergistic fertilizer is additionally applied to each mu 15 days after planting.
Fifthly, field management
a. Topdressing: topdressing is started when the water spinach seedlings grow to 7-10 cm, topdressing is carried out for 1-2 times after every picking, urea is used as a main fertilizer, and intertillage and weeding are carried out in time before ridge sealing; topdressing is started after 10 days of field planting of the towel gourd, and water soluble fertilizer is topdressed every 10-15 days; topdressing is started after the pepper is fixedly planted for 10 days, and water-soluble fertilizer is topdressed every 10-15 days; spraying pricklyash peel water to the leaves of the peppers, the luffa and the water spinach at the same time every 20 days from the beginning of 5 months for 3 times;
b. removing the small arched shed at the beginning of 4 months, removing the shed film in the middle ten days of 4 months, erecting a melon shed net, and leading the towel gourd to the upper frame;
c. harvesting: in the middle and late ten days of 4 months, water spinach begins to be harvested, and 2 sections of stems are reserved in the initial stage for harvesting; beginning to collect the towel gourd at the bottom of 4 months; the pepper is harvested in the last 6 months.
d. And (3) managing after harvesting: after the pepper is harvested, root irrigation is carried out by using bactericidal powder, wherein the bactericidal powder comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: the traditional Chinese medicine composition is prepared by mixing oleander powder, clove basil powder, chinaberry seed powder, rhizoma coptidis powder and diamond vine powder according to the mass ratio of 3:2:5:4: 1.
Test example 1
The effect of different cultivation methods on the total yield per acre and total benefit of pepper, towel gourd and water spinach 2016 (in 2016) is shown in Table 1
TABLE 1
As can be seen from Table 1, the acre yield value of the chili, the towel gourd and the water spinach three-dimensional interplanting carried out by utilizing the novel arch frame is obviously higher than that of the single planting of the chili, the towel gourd and the water spinach, and the chili, towel gourd and water spinach composite three-dimensional interplanting cultivation method not only can effectively improve the annual utilization rate of the land, but also obviously improves the economic benefit.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A compound three-dimensional ecological interplanting cultivation method for capsicum, towel gourd and water spinach comprises stubble arrangement; soil preparation, bed making and frame building; sowing; culturing strong seedlings; transplanting and field planting; the field management step is characterized in that: the method comprises the following specific steps:
arranging stubble openings: sowing water spinach in the middle and last ten days of the month, and harvesting in the middle and last ten days of the month 4 to the bottom of the month 5; planting the towel gourd in the middle and last ten days of 3 months, and harvesting the towel gourd to the bottom of 10 months at the bottom of 4 months; fixedly planting the hot pepper in the last 4 th of month, and harvesting the hot pepper in the last 6 th of month to 8 months;
land preparation, bed making and frame building: selecting soil which is sunny, fertile in soil quality, moist, convenient to irrigate and drain and has a pH value of 5.0-6.0 as a planting field, deeply ploughing for 25-45cm in the first 12 th month period, solarizing for 5-7 days, applying 1000kg of decomposed livestock and poultry manure organic fertilizer per mu, leveling and raking the soil, watering until the soil is completely wet, covering a layer of wheat straw on the planting field, turning the wheat straw into the soil in the last 12 th month period, ploughing for 15-20cm in the first 1 th month period, applying 10-20kg of tourmaline powder, 15-60kg of sugarcane peel, 25-45kg of wheat straw biomass charcoal, 1000kg of rotten apples, 30-50kg of peeled garlic cloves and 15-22kg of egg shells per mu in combination with shallow ploughing, leveling and raking the soil, and covering the soil with black film; in 2 months, removing the black film, building an arch frame, covering a film after the arch frame is installed, making beds by adopting 3m of open box outside the arch frame to form 2 boxes, making beds with the width of 1.3m and the width of a ditch of 40cm, laying 2 drip irrigation belts, and planting peppers; in the arch center: adopting 3m of chambers to form 2 chambers, making beds, wherein the width of each bed is 1.3m, the width of each ditch is 40cm, laying 2 micro-sprinkling irrigation belts, planting water spinach on the surface of each bed, and planting towel gourd on the outer side of the surface of each bed;
③ cultivation of strong seedlings
A. Chili seedling raising method
Sowing in the middle of 11 months of the previous year; culturing seedlings in a greenhouse, erecting a middle arch shed and a small arch shed in the greenhouse, paving a ground heating wire under a seedbed, and connecting the ground heating wire when the temperature is lower than 0 ℃; selecting naturally mature, full, complete and undamaged pepper seeds; soaking pepper seeds in sugar saline for 8-10h, taking out, putting into a spermidine solution with the concentration of 1.00mmol/L, placing in a thermostat with the temperature of 30 ℃, respectively irradiating for 1h with blue light with the wavelength of 465mm and red light with the wavelength of 650mm every day, after the seeds are exposed to white, sowing the pepper seeds in a plastic seedling raising plug tray, and planting when 10-12 true leaves exist in the pepper seedlings; seedling raising substrates with the thickness of 8cm are paved in the seedling raising plug tray, the seedling raising substrates are disinfected by ozone before seeding, and the seedling raising substrates comprise the following materials in parts by weight: 15-20 parts of peanut shells, 10-15 parts of corncobs, 30-50 parts of cow dung, 3-5 parts of haematococcus residue and 20-30 parts of lake mud;
B. seedling raising of towel gourd
Sowing in the middle and last ten days of the month; culturing seedlings in a greenhouse, erecting a middle arch shed and a small arch shed in the greenhouse, laying ground heat wires below a seedbed, connecting the ground heat wires when the temperature is lower than 0 ℃, laying an LED light supplement lamp on the seedbed, and starting irradiation for 4 hours every day on a continuous rainy day; selecting full seeds to remove impurities, mildew seeds, rotten seeds and shrunken seeds, soaking the seeds in a vitamin C solution with the concentration of 1mol/L for 5 hours, fishing out the seeds after the seed soaking is finished, draining the seeds, wrapping the seeds with wet gauze or a towel, putting the seeds in a constant temperature box with the temperature of 30 ℃ for accelerating germination, turning the seeds for 1 time every day in the accelerating germination process, flushing the seeds with warm water for soaking when the seeds are over-dried, sowing the seeds when most of the seeds are exposed to white after 3-5 days, sowing the seeds in a plastic seedling raising tray, and planting the towel gourd seedlings when the three leaves are in one heart; seedling raising substrates with the thickness of 8cm are paved in the seedling raising plug tray, the seedling raising substrates are disinfected by ozone before seeding, and sodium chloride solution with the concentration of 150mmol/L is used for splashing the substrates until the wetting depth is 2-3cm, wherein the substrates comprise the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1-2 parts of phenylalanine ammonia lyase, 15-20 parts of mushroom residue, 8-10 parts of cabo grass carbon, 10-12 parts of coconut coir, 15-20 parts of vermiculite powder and 30-40 parts of biogas slurry;
C. water spinach planting
Sowing in the middle and last ten days of the month; selecting plump seeds, soaking the seeds in hot water at 50-60 ℃ for 30 minutes before sowing, soaking the seeds in clear water for 24 hours, fishing out the seeds after soaking, cleaning, and accelerating germination at 30 ℃; during the germination accelerating period, the seeds are washed with warm water for 1 time every day, and after 5 to 7 days, the seeds can be sown after white emergence; watering thoroughly the bottom water one day before sowing, loosening the surface of the furrow by using a fine rake on the 2 nd day to ensure that the soil is deficient and solid; uniformly sowing seeds, immediately covering a layer of plastic film, erecting a small arched shed, and covering a small arched shed film;
fourthly, transplanting and field planting
a. Planting towel gourd: lifting a small arch shed of the water spinach in the middle and late ten days of 3 months, and planting robust towel gourd seedlings on the outer sides of the land surfaces of the water spinach, wherein 1 row of the robust towel gourd seedlings is arranged on each of the two sides of each arch shed, the planting distance is 80cm, and the planting depth is 10 cm;
b. planting the peppers: in the last ten days of 4 months, performing double-row field planting on the pepper seedlings outside the arch center, wherein the row spacing is 40cm, the plant spacing is 45cm, 1 plant is planted in each hole, and the field planting depth is 12 cm;
fifthly, field management
a. Topdressing: topdressing is started when the water spinach seedlings grow to 7-10 cm, topdressing is carried out for 1-2 times after every picking, urea is used as a main fertilizer, and intertillage and weeding are carried out in time before ridge sealing; topdressing is started after 10 days of field planting of the towel gourd, and 300kg of fermented fertilizer is topdressed every 10-15 days per mu; topdressing is started after 10 days of field planting of the peppers, and 1000kg of soil synergistic fertilizer is topdressed every 10-15 days per mu; spraying pricklyash peel water to the leaves of the peppers, the luffa and the water spinach at the same time every 20 days from the beginning of 5 months for 3 times;
b. removing the small arched shed at the beginning of 4 months, removing the shed film in the middle ten days of 4 months, erecting a melon shed net, and leading the towel gourd to the upper frame;
c. harvesting: in the middle and late ten days of 4 months, water spinach begins to be harvested, and 2 sections of stems are reserved in the initial stage for harvesting; beginning to collect the towel gourd at the bottom of 4 months; harvesting the hot pepper in the first ten days of 6 months;
d. and (3) managing after harvesting: after the pepper is harvested, root irrigation is carried out by using bactericidal powder, wherein the bactericidal powder comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: the traditional Chinese medicine composition is prepared by mixing oleander powder, clove basil powder, chinaberry seed powder, rhizoma coptidis powder and diamond vine powder according to the mass ratio of 3:2:5:4: 1.
2. The compound three-dimensional ecological interplanting cultivation method for the peppers, the loofah and the water spinach as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fermented fertilizer in the loofah planting step is obtained by mixing urea, oyster shells and furfural residues according to a weight ratio of 2:1.3:6 and performing anaerobic fermentation for 10 hours.
3. The compound three-dimensional ecological interplanting cultivation method for the peppers, the loofah and the water spinach as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the soil synergistic fertilizer in the step of field planting of the peppers is prepared by mixing pennisetum hydridum powder, eggplant stalk powder, sesame residue sauce and liquid dung according to the mass ratio of 5:7:10:30, and fermenting for 15 days at normal temperature and normal pressure.
4. The compound three-dimensional ecological interplanting cultivation method for the peppers, the loofah and the water spinach as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the method also comprises the following management steps after harvesting, and the specific operations are as follows: after the pepper is harvested, root irrigation is carried out by using bactericidal powder, wherein the bactericidal powder comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: the traditional Chinese medicine composition is prepared by mixing oleander powder, clove basil powder, chinaberry seed powder, rhizoma coptidis powder and diamond vine powder according to the mass ratio of 3:2:5:4: 1.
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| CN110972838A (en) * | 2019-10-09 | 2020-04-10 | 贵州省果树科学研究所 | Planting method of purslane for intercropping in dragon orchard |
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