CN104541868A - Horizontal placement, inverted plantation and cultivation method for understory polygonatum cyrtonema Hua - Google Patents
Horizontal placement, inverted plantation and cultivation method for understory polygonatum cyrtonema Hua Download PDFInfo
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- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
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Abstract
The invention discloses a horizontal placement, inverted plantation and cultivation method for understory polygonatum cyrtonema Hua and belongs to the technical field of artificial cultivation. The method comprises the following steps: (1) selecting a forest stand; (2) selecting a forest land; (3) treating the forest land; (4) selecting seed stems; (5) performing topping and topdressing; (6) performing harvesting. A seed stem placement method is a horizontal placement and inverted plantation method. According to the horizontal placement, inverted plantation and cultivation method for the understory polygonatum cyrtonema Hua, unique technologies such as a close planting technology, a topping technology and a covering technology are developed, the yield is increased obviously, the quantity of buds is large, the method can be widely applied to understory interplanting for castanea henryi forests, castanea mollissima forests, moso bamboo forests and Chinese fir forests, the high yield is achieved, the water and soil loss is reduced, the ecological environment is protected, and the horizontal placement, inverted plantation and cultivation method for the understory polygonatum cyrtonema Hua is a production technology laying equal stress on the economical benefit and the ecological benefit.
Description
Technical field
[0001] the invention belongs to artificial cultivation technique field, especially a kind of David's-harp rhizome yaw falls to plant an artificial cultivation technique.
Background technology
[0002] David's-harp is Liliaceae Polygonatum perennial herb, medicine-food two-purpose, and rhizome is edible medicinal position, has high nutritive value and medical value, be food, pharmacy, the processing raw material of the enterprise such as health care, development prospect is boundless.
[0003] market demand of China's medicinal material sealwort is 5000 tons to 10000 tons every year, to excavate wild David's-harp.Along with the exhaustion of wild resource, production starts artificial propagation, but at present artificial cultivation David's-harp is only confined to routine and puts method (rhizome keeps flat, bud head-up), although output is than wild height, but the whether best cultivation method of David's-harp, especially adopt yaw to fall kind of a method (rhizome keeps flat, bud upside down), output can or can not be higher than general planting method, production does not find, domesticly has no open report yet.
Summary of the invention
[0004] the present invention is directed to the shortcoming that the existing cultivation yield of David's-harp is not high, a kind of David's-harp rhizome yaw is provided to fall to plant a cultivation method, this special cultivation method, increase yield significantly, and bud head quantity is many, it is healthy and strong to produce, and meets the demand of production development to technology.
[0005] the technical solution adopted in the present invention is, a kind of David's-harp rhizome yaw falls to plant a cultivation method, and its feature comprises the following steps:
1) select standing forest: select without the chinquapin woods of serious damage by disease and insect, light transmittance≤40%, chestnut wood, mao bamboo woods or lanceolata forest, as standing forest light transmittance is less than 30%, then can standing forest light transmittance be controlled between 30%-40% by intermediate cutting and training;
2) forest land is selected: choice structure loosens, yellow earth between fertile moistening, pH value 4.5-7.5 or red soil, and the gradient (containing 20 degree) or have the forest land of horizontal stripes below 20 degree;
3) forest land process: remove standing forest deadwood, sick branch, mechanical damage branch; Wholely, bandwidth 1.5-2 rice, deep-cuts 20cm-30cm to horizontal band-like, holds drain ditch successfully according to landform; Article two, the ecological maintenance band staying 50cm wide between growth belt not wholely, had the forest land of horizontal stripes originally, in the scope of the outer then 30cm of band not wholely, to reduce water and soil loss; The soil of pH value 4.5-5.4, spreads fertilizer over the fields lime and P in soil H value is adjusted to 5.5-6.5 in forest land;
As preferably, also comprise soil disinfection step in the process of forest land, described sterilization method is: every mu is spread fertilizer over the fields lime 15kg every year.
4) select kind of a stem: select disease-free, make kind of a stem without the David's-harp rhizome of healthy and strong rudiment of rotting, have, first cut into chunks, every section of 1-2 joint, rudiment more than 1, weigh 30-100 gram, otch, with Bordeaux immersion 1-5 second, is planted after liquid airing; The formula of bordeaux mixture is copper sulphate: quicklime: water=1: 1: 100-300.
5) cultivation method: drilling: line-spacing 30-40cm, sowing ditch depth 8-10cm, wide 20-25cm; When opening seed furrow, every section applies decomposed manure 0.15-0.5kg, fused calcium magnesium phosphate 5-15g makes base manure; Kind of stem arrangement method is that yaw falls kind of a method, interval 20-30cm between section and section, earthing height mud extraction face 2-3cm, and water any one or its mixture covered again in Chinese silvergrass, straw, husk, bamboo bits; Described yaw falls that kind of a method is that rhizome keeps flat, bud upside down;
6) pinch and topdress: when sprouting be unearthed, plant grow to 50cm time, extract terminal bud; When the existing bud of plant, extract bud, flower, and then apply fertilizer; Compound organic and inorganic fertilizer 10g-20g is executed in every strain; Total nutrient >=30% of described compound organic and inorganic fertilizer, the content of organic matter >=20%;
7) gather: within after planting 3-4 years, gather when above-ground plant parts is completely withered autumn.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: (1) patent David's-harp of the present invention rhizome yaw is kind method, can the forest interplanting such as extensive use chinquapin woods, chestnut wood, mao bamboo woods, lanceolata forest, compare with the routine method of putting, First Year output can improve more than 10%, the average sprouting number of First Year 2.8 every section, average sprouting length 3.2cm, sprouting growth is effectively sturdy, and sprouting number and length are put plantation than routine respectively and added 33.3% and 60.0%; (2) patent David's-harp rhizome yaw of the present invention kind method, develop dense planting, go the exclusive technology such as top, covering, take full advantage of soil, save labour, meet the ecological habit that David's-harp happiness is wet, the output of cultivation under woods is 2-4 times of general planting method (Polygonatum cyrtonema under moso bamboo implantation methods, 201310174604.3); (3) patent David's-harp root yaw of the present invention kind method, adopts drilling dense planting method, seeding row spacing 20 × 30cm, 0.06 square metre, soil needed for every strain, compare routine and put method seeding row spacing 30 × 30-40cm, soil 0.09-0.12 square metre needed for every strain, land utilization rate improves 30-50%; (4) this patent David's-harp root rhizome yaw kind method, be the woods medicine Compound Management technology of a kind of Appropriate application forest resources environment and forest land resource, not only sealwort output increases substantially, and the economic benefit of interplanting standing forest is also significantly improved.For chinquapin woods, after interplanting David's-harp, chinquapin all will carry out suitable training, fertilising after gathering, and ensures the growth that enough illumination meets David's-harp and chinquapin simultaneously, and chinquapin output improves more than 50% before not interplanting; (5) this patent David's-harp root rhizome yaw kind method; define that the interplanting forest land gradient answers less than 20 degree, growth belt answers that horizontal band-like distributes, reasonable Arrangement ecological protection band; both high yield was reached; additionally reducing water and soil loss, protect ecology, is the production technology that a kind of economic benefit and ecological benefits are laid equal stress on.
Embodiment
Below patent of the present invention is described further:
embodiment one:
1) select to plant standing forest and place: select Yu Cun village, Lishui City Qingyuan County chinquapin woods 200 mu, wherein 35 mu are fallen kind of a method (rhizome keeps flat, bud head-up) by yaw, put method (rhizome keeps flat, bud upside down), do not interplant David's-harp for 5 mu for 165 mu by routine.This standing forest is suitable for farming, light transmittance about 30% without serious damage by disease and insect, sylvan life, and timbered soil is yellow earth, and loose fertile, Ph value 5.6, has horizontal stripes.Place without horizontal stripes is not planted.
2) after chinquapin gathered and terminated in October, 2013, start to remove standing forest deadwood, sick branch, mechanical damage branch, wholely, deep-cut 20cm, in the scope of horizontal stripes then 30cm outward not wholely.In conjunction with whole, every mu is spread fertilizer over the fields quicklime 15-30kg disinfection soil.
3) kind of a stem is selected: adopt 3 years fresh rhizomes of life, cut into chunks.Every section 1 joint, rudiment 1, heavy 30-50 gram, disease-free, without rotting.Otch bordeaux mixture (copper sulphate: quicklime: water=1: 1: 300) soak 4 seconds, plantation after liquid is dry.
4) cultivation method: drilling, line-spacing 30cm, sowing ditch depth 10cm, wide 20cm.When opening seed furrow, every section applies decomposed manure 0. 15kg, fused calcium magnesium phosphate 5g makes base manure.Wherein: down, upward, every two spacer segment 25cm, earthing height mud extraction face 2cm, waters, and covers husk or Chinese silvergrass for 10 mu of kind stem yaws, rudiment for 40 mu of kind stem yaws, rudiment.
6) pinch and topdress: when sprouting be unearthed, plant grow to 50cm time, extract terminal bud, force the growth of plant shutheight, impel subterranean stem to accelerate growth.When plant shows bud, extract bud, flower successively, and then apply fertilizer.Compound organic and inorganic fertilizer 10g(total nutrient 35% is executed in every strain, the content of organic matter 25%).
7) gather and output investigation: upwards slope, mesoslope, descending respectively get a point, each press plant rule, respectively investigate 200 strains regardless of size.During investigation, plant under ground portion all dug, intercepted annual rhizome, clean, removed root, weighed one by one.
embodiment two:
1) select to plant standing forest and place: select Lishui City Liandu District chestnut wood 20 mu, wherein 15 mu are fallen kind of a method (rhizome keeps flat, bud head-up) by yaw, put method (rhizome keeps flat, bud upside down) for 5 mu by routine.This standing forest is suitable for farming, light transmittance 25% without serious damage by disease and insect, sylvan life, and timbered soil is yellow earth, and structure comparison loosens fertile, and Ph value 5.8, without horizontal stripes.
2) after chinquapin gathered and terminated in October, 2013, start to remove standing forest deadwood, sick branch, mechanical damage branch, and carry out suitably training standing forest light transmittance is controlled about 35%; horizontal band-like wholely; deep-cut 20cm, bandwidth about 1.5 meters, the ecological protection band of every two growth belt interval 50cm.In conjunction with whole, every mu is spread fertilizer over the fields quicklime 15-30kg disinfection soil.
3) kind of a stem is selected: adopt 3 years fresh rhizomes of life, cut into chunks.Every section 1 joint, rudiment 1, heavy 30-50 gram, disease-free, without rotting.Otch bordeaux mixture (copper sulphate: quicklime: water=1: 1: 250) soak 3 seconds, plantation after liquid is dry.
4) cultivation method: drilling, line-spacing 30cm, sowing ditch depth 10cm, wide 20cm.When opening seed furrow, every section applies decomposed manure 0. 25kg, fused calcium magnesium phosphate 10g makes base manure.Wherein: down, upward, every two spacer segment 20cm, earthing height mud extraction face 3cm, waters, mulching straw or bamboo bits for 5 mu of kind stem yaws, rudiment for 15 mu of kind stem yaws, rudiment.
6) pinch and topdress: when sprouting be unearthed, plant grow to 50cm time, extract terminal bud, force the growth of plant shutheight, impel subterranean stem to accelerate growth.When plant shows bud, extract bud, flower successively, and then apply fertilizer.Compound organic and inorganic fertilizer 15g(total nutrient 35% is executed in every strain, the content of organic matter 25%).
7) gather and output investigation: upwards slope, mesoslope, descending respectively get a point, each press plant rule, respectively investigate 100 strains regardless of size.During investigation, plant under ground portion all dug, intercepted annual rhizome, clean, removed root, weighed one by one.
embodiment three:
1) select to plant standing forest and place: select Lishui City Longquan City China fir 30 mu, wherein 25 mu are fallen kind of a method (rhizome keeps flat, bud head-up) by yaw, put method (rhizome keeps flat, bud upside down) for 5 mu by routine.This standing forest is suitable for farming, light transmittance 10% without serious damage by disease and insect, sylvan life, and timbered soil is yellow earth, and short texture is fertile, and Ph value 5.5, without horizontal stripes.
2) combining in November, 2013 to cut down when fostering new controls about 30% by standing forest light transmittance, and remove deadwood, sick branch and forest land after intermediate cutting, horizontal band-like wholely, deep-cuts 20cm, bandwidth about 1.5 meters, the ecological protection band of every two growth belt interval 50cm.
3) kind of a stem is selected: adopt 3 years fresh rhizomes of life, cut into chunks.Every section 1 joint, rudiment 1, heavy 30-50 gram, disease-free, without rotting.Otch bordeaux mixture (copper sulphate: quicklime: water=1: 1: 200) soak 2 seconds, plantation after liquid is dry.
4) cultivation method: drilling, line-spacing 30cm, sowing ditch depth 10cm, wide 20cm.When opening seed furrow, every section applies decomposed manure 0. 35kg, fused calcium magnesium phosphate 10g makes base manure.Wherein: down, upward, every two spacer segment 30cm, earthing height mud extraction face 3cm, waters, mulching straw for 5 mu of kind stem yaws, rudiment for 25 mu of kind stem yaws, rudiment.
6) pinch and topdress: when sprouting be unearthed, plant grow to 50cm time, extract terminal bud, force the growth of plant shutheight, impel subterranean stem to accelerate growth.When plant shows bud, extract bud, flower successively, and then apply fertilizer.Compound organic and inorganic fertilizer 20g(total nutrient 35% is executed in every strain, the content of organic matter 25%).
7) gather and output investigation: upwards slope, mesoslope, descending respectively get a point, each press plant rule, respectively investigate 100 strains regardless of size.During investigation, plant under ground portion all dug, intercepted annual rhizome, clean, removed root, weighed one by one.
embodiment four:
1) select to plant standing forest and place: select Lishui City Songyang County mao bamboo woods 20 mu, wherein 15 mu are fallen kind of a method (rhizome keeps flat, bud head-up) by yaw, put method (rhizome keeps flat, bud upside down) for 5 mu by routine.This standing forest is suitable for farming, light transmittance 10% without serious damage by disease and insect, sylvan life, and timbered soil is yellow earth, and structure comparison loosens fertile, and Ph value 5.8, without horizontal stripes.
2) cut down the old bamboo of part, thin and delicate bamboo before in October, 2013, control about 30% by bamboo grove light transmittance, cut down rear removing deadwood, sick branch and forest land, horizontal band-like wholely, deep-cuts 20cm, bandwidth about 1.5 meters, the ecological protection band of every two growth belt interval 50cm.
3) kind of a stem is selected: adopt 3 years fresh rhizomes of life, cut into chunks.Every section 1 joint, rudiment 1, heavy 30-50 gram, disease-free, without rotting.Otch bordeaux mixture (copper sulphate: quicklime: water=1: 1: 150) soak 1 second, plantation after liquid is dry.
4) cultivation method: drilling, line-spacing 30cm, sowing ditch depth 10cm, wide 20cm.When opening seed furrow, every section applies decomposed manure 0. 40kg, fused calcium magnesium phosphate 15g makes base manure.Wherein: down, upward, every two spacer segment 30cm, earthing height mud extraction face 3cm, waters, mulching straw for 5 mu of kind stem yaws, rudiment for 25 mu of kind stem yaws, rudiment.
6) pinch and topdress: when sprouting be unearthed, plant grow to 50cm time, extract terminal bud, force the growth of plant shutheight, impel subterranean stem to accelerate growth.When plant shows bud, extract bud, flower successively, and then apply fertilizer.Compound organic and inorganic fertilizer 20g(total nutrient 35% is executed in every strain, the content of organic matter 25%).
7) gather and output investigation: upwards slope, mesoslope, descending respectively get a point, each press plant rule, respectively investigate 100 strains regardless of size.During investigation, plant under ground portion all dug, intercepted annual rhizome, clean, removed root, weighed one by one.
The embodiment of the present invention one David's-harp sylvan life yaw is fallen to plant cultivation and is put the annual yield comparison of cultivation method with sylvan life routine:
The embodiment of the present invention two David's-harp sylvan life yaw is fallen to plant cultivation and is put the annual yield comparison of cultivation method with sylvan life routine:
The embodiment of the present invention three David's-harp sylvan life yaw is fallen to plant cultivation and is put the annual yield comparison of cultivation method with sylvan life routine:
The embodiment of the present invention four David's-harp sylvan life yaw is fallen to plant cultivation and is put the annual yield comparison of cultivation method with sylvan life routine:
The embodiment of the present invention one chinquapin woods interplanting David's-harp chinquapin yield comparison:
Can learn from upper table, sylvan life David's-harp is by yaw kind method cultivation, and the average First Year output rate of increase reaches 89.07%, puts the average proliferation rate 78.88% of method plantation, improve 10.19% than routine, and volume increase obviously; And average 2.8 of sprouting number, sprouting length 3.2cm that employing yaw method of planting grows, average 2.1 of plantation sprouting number, sprouting length 2.0cm is put than routine, sprouting number and length add 33.3% and 60.0% respectively, for succeeding year high yield lays good seedling basis.The technology of the present invention is also applicable to land for growing field crops greenhouse cultivation.
Although the present invention is described by reference to preferred embodiment, those skilled in the art should understand, and in the scope of claims, can do the various change in form and details.
Claims (3)
1. sylvan life David's-harp yaw falls to plant a cultivation method, it is characterized in that comprising the steps:
1) select standing forest: select without the chinquapin woods of serious damage by disease and insect, light transmittance≤40%, chestnut wood, mao bamboo woods or lanceolata forest, as standing forest light transmittance is less than 30%, then can standing forest light transmittance be controlled between 30%-40% by intermediate cutting and training;
2) forest land is selected: choice structure loosens, yellow earth between fertile moistening, pH value 4.5-7.5 or red soil, and the gradient≤20 degree or have the forest land of horizontal stripes;
3) forest land process: remove standing forest deadwood, sick branch, mechanical damage branch; Wholely, bandwidth 1.5-2 rice, deep-cuts 20cm-30cm to horizontal band-like, holds drain ditch successfully according to landform; Article two, the ecological maintenance band staying 50cm wide between growth belt not wholely, had the forest land of horizontal stripes originally, in the scope of the outer then 30cm of band not wholely, to reduce water and soil loss; The soil of pH value 4.5-5.4, spreads fertilizer over the fields lime and P in soil H value is adjusted to 5.5-6.5 in forest land;
4) select kind of a stem: select disease-free, make kind of a stem without the David's-harp rhizome of healthy and strong rudiment of rotting, have, first cut into chunks, every section of 1-2 joint, rudiment more than 1, weigh 30-100 gram, otch, with Bordeaux immersion 1-5 second, is planted after liquid airing;
5) cultivation method: drilling: line-spacing 30-40cm, sowing ditch depth 8-10cm, wide 20-25cm; When opening seed furrow, every section applies decomposed manure 0.15-0.5kg, fused calcium magnesium phosphate 5-15g makes base manure; Kind of stem arrangement method is that yaw falls kind of a method, interval 20-30cm between section and section, earthing height mud extraction face 2-3cm, and water any one or its mixture covered again in Chinese silvergrass, straw, husk, bamboo bits; Described yaw falls that kind of a method is that rhizome keeps flat, bud upside down;
6) pinch and topdress: when sprouting be unearthed, plant grow to 50cm time, extract terminal bud; When the existing bud of plant, extract bud, flower, and then apply fertilizer; Compound organic and inorganic fertilizer 10g-20g is executed in every strain; Total nutrient >=30% of described compound organic and inorganic fertilizer, the content of organic matter >=20%;
7) gather: within after planting 3-4 years, gather when above-ground plant parts is completely withered autumn.
2. a kind of sylvan life David's-harp yaw according to claim 1 falls to plant a cultivation method, it is characterized in that also comprising soil disinfection step in the process of step 3) forest land, and described sterilization method is: every mu is spread fertilizer over the fields lime 15kg every year.
3. fall to plant a cultivation method according to a kind of sylvan life David's-harp yaw according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the formula of bordeaux mixture in step 4) is: copper sulphate: quicklime: water=1: 1: 100-300.
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| CN109349048A (en) * | 2018-12-19 | 2019-02-19 | 江西省鑫隆农业发展有限公司 | A kind of nuisanceless also wild normalized planting method of polygonatum cyrtonema |
| CN110431953A (en) * | 2019-08-30 | 2019-11-12 | 贵州大学 | A kind of polygonatum cyrtonema seedling stem germination accelerating method |
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| CN110972854A (en) * | 2019-11-27 | 2020-04-10 | 合肥远志医药科技开发有限公司 | Jiuhua sealwort planting technology |
| CN111685004A (en) * | 2020-06-03 | 2020-09-22 | 温州科技职业学院 | Under-forest interplanting method for anoectochilus roxburghii and polygonatum sibiricum |
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