CN105830853A - Cultivation method for interplanting radix tetrastigmae and polygonatum cyrtonema under forest - Google Patents
Cultivation method for interplanting radix tetrastigmae and polygonatum cyrtonema under forest Download PDFInfo
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- CN105830853A CN105830853A CN201610253552.2A CN201610253552A CN105830853A CN 105830853 A CN105830853 A CN 105830853A CN 201610253552 A CN201610253552 A CN 201610253552A CN 105830853 A CN105830853 A CN 105830853A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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Abstract
The invention discloses a cultivation method for interplanting radix tetrastigmae and polygonatum cyrtonema under a forest and belongs to the technical field of agriculture and forestry compound management cultivation. The method is characterized by comprising steps as follows: 1) selection of forest stand and forest land; 2) forest stand treatment; 3) forest land treatment; 4) selection of seed stems of the polygonatum cyrtonema; 5) selection of seedlings of the radix tetrastigmae; 6) cultivation of the polygonatum cyrtonema; 7) cultivation of radix tetrastigmae; 8) management after cultivation; 9) harvesting and the like. A high-density planting method is adopted for the polygonatum cyrtonema, precise planting technologies such as underground bagging planting, mixing of broken tiles into matrix, vine erecting and top removing, quantitative vine length control and the like are adopted for the radix tetrastigmae, the requirement of industry transformation and updating for technologies is met, the forest land facility cost is saved, the comprehensive utilization rate and the unit area output value of the forest land are greatly increased, and the economic benefit is very significant.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to forestry management technical field of cultivation, especially a kind of forest interplanting Radix Apioris Fortunei (Radix Lespedezae Buergeri) and Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua
Accurate cultural method.
Background technology
Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua is Liliaceae Polygonatum perennial herb, medicine-food two-purpose, and rhizome is edible medicinal position.Radix Apioris Fortunei (Radix Lespedezae Buergeri) is grass
Matter liana, medicine-food two-purpose, the tuber of medicinal part Radix Apioris Fortunei (Radix Lespedezae Buergeri), fruit or herb.Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua and Radix Apioris Fortunei (Radix Lespedezae Buergeri) both have pole
High nutritive value and medical value, be all processing raw material of the enterprises such as food, pharmacy, health care, and development prospect is boundless.
The market demand of Chinese crude drug Rhizoma Polygonati is 5000 tons to 10000 tons every year, the market demand of Radix Apioris Fortunei (Radix Lespedezae Buergeri) every year in
The trend being gradually increasing.Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua is only by excavate wild resource, it is impossible to meet the demand day by day risen.Along with wild resource
Exhaustion, production has started to artificial propagation, and has researched and proposed Semen Castanopsis chinensis-Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua, Lignum seu Ramulus Cunninghamiae Lanceolatae-Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua, Phyllostachys pubescens Mazei ex H.de Lebaie-spend more
The cultivation under woods pattern that the binary such as Rhizoma Polygonati, Phyllostachys pubescens Mazei ex H.de Lebaie-Radix Apioris Fortunei (Radix Lespedezae Buergeri) are compound.Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua general planting, uses Propagation of Rhizomes, seeding row spacing
30-40cm × 30-40cm, shortcoming is that forest land utilization rate is the highest, yield per unit area is the highest, economic benefit has to be hoisted；SANYE
Green grass or young crops general planting has two kinds, and one is to plant in a reservoir, and container is put on the ground, needs often water spray, and another kind is direct kind
In soil, ground, two kinds of cropping pattern Radix Apioris Fortunei (Radix Lespedezae Buergeri) Jing Dou Portugals, do not go to top to give free rein to growth, its major defect has: (1)
Gather time-consuming；(2) needing spray to irrigate facility, cost is of a relatively high；(3) in container, the yield of Radix Apioris Fortunei (Radix Lespedezae Buergeri) tuber is relatively low.
At present, yet there are no disclosure and reported that the multiple elements design technology of Radix Apioris Fortunei (Radix Lespedezae Buergeri) and Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua was interplanted in sylvan life simultaneously.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to the shortcomings such as forest land production cost is high, forest land utilization rate is low, output is relatively low, it is provided that a kind of sylvan life is polynary
The cultural method (being called for short " sylvan life-Radix Apioris Fortunei (Radix Lespedezae Buergeri)-Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua ") of interplanting Radix Apioris Fortunei (Radix Lespedezae Buergeri) and Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua, this cultural method refers to utilize
Forest environment and Lin Yin space, the interplanting in woodland Radix Apioris Fortunei (Radix Lespedezae Buergeri) around trunk, the forest land high density interplanting between trunk are spent more
A kind of tri compound management mode of Rhizoma Polygonati.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is, a kind of forest interplanting Radix Apioris Fortunei (Radix Lespedezae Buergeri) and the cultural method of Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua, and it is special
Levy and be to comprise the steps:
1) select standing forest forest land: select canopy density more than 0.5, mature stand without serious pest and disease damage, the gradient less than 25 degree or
Have the forest land of horizontal stripes；Timbered soil requires loose, fertile, moistening, and drainage is preferable, the neutral or the most slightly acidic red soil of PH
Or yellow earth；
2) standing forest processes: by modes such as artificial prunings, controlled by standing forest light transmittance at 30-40%, and then clear garden, withered by standing forest
Branch, sick branch, mechanical damage branch and weeds on the ground and shrub are cleaned out；
3) forest land processes: carry out whole in forest land area 30%-60% ratio, and soil block rake is thin, holds gutter successfully according to landform；Simultaneously
Around trunk 20-30cm, choose 3 positions and take Radix Apioris Fortunei (Radix Lespedezae Buergeri) implantation cave；Cave size 30-40cm, the deep 10-20cm in cave；
As preferably, the position in 3 Radix Apioris Fortunei (Radix Lespedezae Buergeri) implantation caves is as follows: when the main branch of standing forest seeds is at more than 1m, 3 caves
Equidistantly distribute；When the main branch height of standing forest seeds is at below 1m, at least 2 acupuncture points are in the underface of main branch；
4) Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua kind stem selects: select stalwartness to have the Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua of rudiment to do kind of a stem, the section of being first cut into, every section of 1-2 joint, rudiment
More than 1, weight 30-100 gram, otch, with Bordeaux's immersion 1-5 second, is planted after medicinal liquid airing；
5) Radix Apioris Fortunei (Radix Lespedezae Buergeri) seedling selects: growth selection is healthy and strong, disease-free, root system more than 3, the seedling age cutting seedling of more than a year；
6) Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua cultivation: before October plant, drilling, plant stem yaw fall kind, line-spacing 10-15cm, ditch depth 8-15cm, section with
Spacer segment 10-15cm, waters after earthing, finally any one in the Miscanthus of covering 2-5cm thickness, Caulis et Folium Oryzae, rice husk, bamboo bits or many
The mixture planted；
As preferably, Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua planting density is: line-spacing 10cm, section and spacer segment 15cm；
7) Radix Apioris Fortunei (Radix Lespedezae Buergeri) cultivation: Radix Apioris Fortunei (Radix Lespedezae Buergeri) is planted in container bag, described container bag is to fill the non-woven fabrics of Radix Apioris Fortunei (Radix Lespedezae Buergeri) self-control substrate
Bag；Radix Apioris Fortunei (Radix Lespedezae Buergeri) planting depth is 10-15cm；Implantation time is the first tenday period of a month in April-last ten-days period in May or 10 middle of the month-last ten-days period in November,
The strain of each container bag kind 3, implants container bag the Radix Apioris Fortunei (Radix Lespedezae Buergeri) dug and implants cave after planting well, the 1/3-2/3 of container bag imbeds underground,
Compacting is watered；The size of described non-woven bag is bore 30-40cm, high 25-35 cm；
Radix Apioris Fortunei (Radix Lespedezae Buergeri) self-control substrate is mixed by the component of following weight proportion: the former woods soil of 50-80% (i.e. interplants the woods of standing forest
The soil on ground)；The Waste compost that becomes thoroughly decomposed of 10-50%；The phosphate fertilizer of 1-10%；The plant ash of 1-10%；
Being also charged with one layer of tile layer in Radix Apioris Fortunei (Radix Lespedezae Buergeri) container bag, described tile leafing container bag mouth distance 15-20cm, by 3-8 block
Size is 50-150cm2Crock tiling form, watt heart is down；
8) managing after planting: 1. Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua: after blade length is neat, except top, every strain retains blade 5-9 and opens, and extracts alabastrum, flower, so
Self-prepared organic fertilizer 150-250g is executed in rear every strain；2. Radix Apioris Fortunei (Radix Lespedezae Buergeri): field planting initial stage, 3-5 d waters permeable 1 time, treats that container table soil extra dry white wine is deep
Water again when spending 1-3 centimetre；After field planting 1 month, fill the gaps with seedlings；Grow to 40-100 about cm at identification of lligera rhodantha hance, rattan should be wound around
On trunk or branch, it is to avoid contact to earth, when rattan grows to 1-2m, go to top, make identification of lligera rhodantha hance length be maintained in 1-2m；Radix Apioris Fortunei (Radix Lespedezae Buergeri) is every
Year fertilising 2 times, before the 1st time plant is sprouted in February-March, at 11-12 month tuber expanding stage, uses compound fertilizer for every mu the 2nd time
3-15 kg, pouring root after water dissolution；
Self-prepared organic fertilizer is made up of the component of following weight proportion: the Waste compost that becomes thoroughly decomposed of 45-50%；The plant ash of 45-50%；5%
Phosphorus 9) gather: 1. Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua: after cultivation, 3-4 gathered when above-ground plant parts is withered completely autumn；2. Radix Apioris Fortunei (Radix Lespedezae Buergeri): plantation 2-
After 3 years, gather when late fall or tuber epidermis early winter are in golden yellow or brown.
Described a kind of forest interplanting Radix Apioris Fortunei (Radix Lespedezae Buergeri) and the cultural method of Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua, it is characterised in that: described standing forest is plate
Li Lin, Semen Castanopsis chinensis woods or lanceolata forest.
Described yaw is fallen to plant and is referred to that rhizome yaw, bud are planted upside down.
Above-mentioned a kind of forest interplanting Radix Apioris Fortunei (Radix Lespedezae Buergeri) and the cultural method of Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua, use high-density planting to Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua
Method, to Radix Apioris Fortunei (Radix Lespedezae Buergeri) employing underground bagging plantation, substrate soil admixes crock, vertical rattan goes top, the long fixing quantity of rattan etc. precisely to plant
Planting technology, not only meet industrial transformation upgrading to the demand of technology, saved forest land facility cost, also drastically increase woods
Ground comprehensive utilization ratio and the forest land unit are output value.Its average annual per mu yield economy of " sylvan life-Radix Apioris Fortunei (Radix Lespedezae Buergeri)-Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua " cropping pattern is imitated
Benefit is 2.40-5.54 ten thousand yuan, more than 5.4 times be combined for binary, economic benefit highly significant." rattan Radix Apioris Fortunei (Radix Lespedezae Buergeri) is found in sylvan life " plants
Pattern compared with " sylvan life Portugal Radix Apioris Fortunei (Radix Lespedezae Buergeri) " pattern, Radix Apioris Fortunei (Radix Lespedezae Buergeri) Weight per plant 65 grams, ratio " sylvan life Portugal Radix Apioris Fortunei (Radix Lespedezae Buergeri) " Weight per plant 53 grams,
Exceed 22.6%；Cost every mu can save about 3000 yuan, and economic benefit reaches 5.54 ten thousand yuan, improves 22.9%.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the cropping pattern schematic diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is longitudinal sectional structure schematic diagram of Radix Apioris Fortunei (Radix Lespedezae Buergeri) container bag；
Fig. 3, Fig. 4 are standing forest bamboo kind and the schematic top plan view of Radix Apioris Fortunei (Radix Lespedezae Buergeri) container bag under cropping pattern of the present invention；
Wherein: 1-standing forest seeds；1-1-trunk；The main branch of 1-2-；2-container bag；3-Radix Apioris Fortunei (Radix Lespedezae Buergeri)；4-Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua；5-soil layer；
W-tile layer；T-gutter.
Detailed description of the invention
Below patent of the present invention is described in further detail:
Embodiment one: the configuration of standing forest seeds in " sylvan life-Radix Apioris Fortunei (Radix Lespedezae Buergeri)-Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua " cropping pattern
As Figure 1-Figure 4, Radix Apioris Fortunei (Radix Lespedezae Buergeri) 3 is planted in container bag 2, and the material of container bag 2 is non-woven bag, the chi of non-woven bag
Very little for bore 30-40cm, high 25-35 cm；Filling Radix Apioris Fortunei (Radix Lespedezae Buergeri) self-control substrate in container bag 2, it is by the component of following weight proportion
Mix: the former woods soil of 50-80%；The Waste compost that becomes thoroughly decomposed of 10-50%；The phosphate fertilizer of 1-10%；The plant ash of 1-10%.At this container
Also tile one layer of tile W at the middle part of bag 2, and it is 50-150cm by 3-8 block size2Crock tiling form, watt heart is down.Should
Tile layer W is 15-20cm from the optimum distance of the bag mouth of container bag 2, and Radix Apioris Fortunei (Radix Lespedezae Buergeri) 3 planting depth is 10-15cm.Implantation time is
The first tenday period of a month in April-last ten-days period in May or 10 middle of the month-last ten-days period in November, the strain of each container bag kind 3, after planting well, container bag 2 is implanted and dig
Good Radix Apioris Fortunei (Radix Lespedezae Buergeri) implants cave；The distance of the inner side of the container bag trunk 1-1 away from standing forest seeds 1 is 20-30cm, and Radix Apioris Fortunei (Radix Lespedezae Buergeri) implants cave
Size be 30-40cm, the deep 10-20cm in cave；The position that Radix Apioris Fortunei (Radix Lespedezae Buergeri) implants 3 Radix Apioris Fortunei (Radix Lespedezae Buergeri) implantation caves, cave is as follows: when standing forest seeds 1
Main branch when more than 1m, 3 caves equidistantly distribute；When the main branch 1-2 height of standing forest seeds 1 is at below 1m, at least
There are 2 acupuncture points in the underface (see Fig. 3, Fig. 4) of main branch 1-2.In the 1/3-2/3 embedment soil layer 5 of container bag, then will with soil
Container bag 2 periphery fills up, and waters after compacting.At the field planting initial stage, 3-5 d waters permeable 1 time, treats container table soil extra dry white wine degree of depth 1-3 centimetre
Time water again；After field planting 1 month, fill the gaps with seedlings；Grow to 40-100 about cm at identification of lligera rhodantha hance, rattan should be wrapped in trunk or divide
Zhi Shang, it is to avoid contact to earth, goes to top when rattan grows to 1-2m, makes identification of lligera rhodantha hance length be maintained in 1-2m；Radix Apioris Fortunei (Radix Lespedezae Buergeri) applies fertilizer 2 times every year,
Before 1st time in February-March, plant is sprouted, the 2nd time at 11-12 month tuber expanding stage, every mu with compound fertilizer 3-15 kg, water-soluble
Pouring root after solution.
Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua 4 uses drilling, plants stem yaw and falls to plant, and Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua kind stem selects: select stalwartness to have spending more of rudiment
Rhizoma Polygonati does kind of a stem, the section of being first cut into, every section of 1-2 joint, rudiment more than 1, weight 30-100 gram, otch with Bordeaux's immersion 1-5 second,
Plant after medicinal liquid airing；Compacting is watered；The size of described non-woven bag is bore 30-40cm, high 25-35 cm；Planted before October
Kind, line-spacing 10-15cm, ditch depth 8-15cm, section and spacer segment 10-15cm, water after earthing, finally cover thick for 2-5cm Miscanthus,
The mixture of any one or more in Caulis et Folium Oryzae, rice husk, bamboo bits；Forest land need to arrange horizontal stripes according to landform, inside horizontal stripes
Gutter T need to be offered.
Embodiment two:
1) select to plant standing forest and place: selecting Lishui City somewhere Semen Castanopsis chinensis woods 42 mu, wherein 20 mu is " sylvan life-Radix Apioris Fortunei (Radix Lespedezae Buergeri)-how brightly yellowish
Essence " cultivation mode, 10 mu is that Semen Castanopsis chinensis is the most cultivated, and 12 mu is " Semen Castanopsis chinensis-Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua " conventional Comprehensive Management Modes.Semen Castanopsis chinensis woods density is every
Mu 25 strains.This Canopy densities 0.8, suitable Chinese crude drug farming, has horizontal stripes.
2) standing forest processes: by modes such as artificial prunings, controlled by standing forest light transmittance about 35%, then clear garden, by woods
Deadwood, sick branch, mechanical damage branch and weeds on the ground and shrub is divided to clean out.
3) forest land processes: carry out whole in forest land area 40% ratio, and soil block rake is thin, holds gutter successfully according to landform；Simultaneously
Around trunk 20cm, choose 3 positions according to crotch angle and dig cave, cave size 40cm, deep 25cm.
4) Radix Apioris Fortunei (Radix Lespedezae Buergeri) container bag: selecting material is the container bag of non-woven fabrics, and the size of bag is bore 40 cm, high 35 cm.
5) Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua kind stem: select stalwartness to have the Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua of rudiment to do kind of a stem, the section of being first cut into, every section of 1-2 joint, rudiment
1, average each heavy about 40 grams, otch with Bordeaux's immersion 1-5 second, is planted after medicinal liquid airing.
6) Radix Apioris Fortunei (Radix Lespedezae Buergeri) seedling: growth selection is healthy and strong, disease-free, root system more than 3, the annual cutting seedling of seedling age.
7) Radix Apioris Fortunei (Radix Lespedezae Buergeri) matrix formulations: 50% former woods soil (i.e. interplanting the soil in the forest land of standing forest)+40% is become thoroughly decomposed Waste compost+5% phosphorus
Fertile+5% plant ash.
8) Radix Apioris Fortunei (Radix Lespedezae Buergeri) substrate pack: packing after fully being mixed thoroughly with fertilizer by former woods soil, soil is slightly above bag horizontal plane 2-
3cm, admixes crock 5 pieces in bag deep 20cm position, and watt heart is downward.
9) cultural method: 1. Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua: planted before October, drilling, plants stem yaw and falls to plant (i.e. rhizome yaw, a bud head
Down, lower with), line-spacing 15cm, ditch depth 15cm, section and spacer segment 10cm, water after earthing, finally cover rice husk thick for 2cm and
The mixture of bamboo bits.2. Radix Apioris Fortunei (Radix Lespedezae Buergeri): plant in 10 middle of the month, the strain of each container kind 3, after being implanted in the cave dug by container, holds
2/3 embedment underground of device bag, compacting is watered.
10) managing after planting: 1. Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua: after blade length is neat, except top, every strain retains 9, blade, extracts alabastrum, flower,
Then self-prepared organic fertilizer 150g(formula is executed in every strain: 50% becomes thoroughly decomposed Waste compost+45% plant ash+5% phosphate fertilizer).2. Radix Apioris Fortunei (Radix Lespedezae Buergeri): at the beginning of field planting
Phase, 3d-5d waters permeable 1 time, waters when container bag table soil extra dry white wine degree of depth 1-2 centimetre again.After field planting 1 month, fill the gaps with seedlings.?
Identification of lligera rhodantha hance grows to about 40cm, should be by rattan false twist on trunk or branch 1a, it is to avoid contact to earth, treat that rattan grows to about 2m,
Manually go to top, make identification of lligera rhodantha hance length be maintained in 2m.Radix Apioris Fortunei (Radix Lespedezae Buergeri) applies fertilizer 2 times every year, before the 1st time in February-March, plant is sprouted,
2nd time at November-December tuber expanding stage, every mu, with NPK (N:P:K=12:18:21) 3 kg, fills after water dissolution
Root.
11) gather: 1. Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua: after cultivation, 3-4 gathered when above-ground plant parts is withered completely autumn.2. SANYE
Blue or green: after plantation 2-3, gather when late fall or tuber epidermis early winter are in golden yellow or brown.
Embodiment three:
1) select to plant standing forest and place: selecting Lishui City somewhere chestnut wood 60 mu, wherein 20 mu is " sylvan life-Radix Apioris Fortunei (Radix Lespedezae Buergeri)-how brightly yellowish
Essence " cultivation mode, 20 mu is that Semen Castaneae is the most cultivated, and 20 mu is " Semen Castaneae-Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua " conventional Comprehensive Management Modes.Chestnut wood density is every
Mu 40 strains.This Canopy densities 0.8, suitable Chinese crude drug farming, there is horizontal stripes.
2) standing forest processes: by modes such as artificial prunings, controlled by standing forest light transmittance about 40%, then clear garden, by woods
Deadwood, sick branch, mechanical damage branch and weeds on the ground and shrub is divided to clean out.
3) forest land processes: carry out whole in forest land area 60% ratio, and soil block rake is thin, holds gutter successfully according to landform；Simultaneously
Around trunk 30cm, choose 3 positions and dig cave, cave size 40cm, deep 25cm.
4) Radix Apioris Fortunei (Radix Lespedezae Buergeri) container bag: selecting material is the container bag of non-woven fabrics, and the size of bag is bore 40cm, high 35 cm.
5) Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua kind stem: select stalwartness to have the Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua of rudiment to do kind of a stem, the section of being first cut into, every section of 1-2 joint, rudiment
1-2, average each heavy about 50 grams, otch with Bordeaux's immersion 1-5 second, is planted after medicinal liquid airing.
6) Radix Apioris Fortunei (Radix Lespedezae Buergeri) seedling: growth selection is healthy and strong, disease-free, root system more than 3, the annual cutting seedling of seedling age.
7) Radix Apioris Fortunei (Radix Lespedezae Buergeri) matrix formulations: 80% former woods soil+10% becomes thoroughly decomposed Waste compost+9% phosphate fertilizer+1% plant ash.
8) Radix Apioris Fortunei (Radix Lespedezae Buergeri) substrate pack: packing after fully being mixed thoroughly with fertilizer by former woods soil, soil is slightly above bag horizontal plane 2-
3cm, admixes crock 6 pieces in bag deep 15cm position, and watt heart is downward.
9) cultural method: 1. Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua: planted before October, drilling, plants stem yaw and falls to plant, line-spacing 10cm, ditch depth
8cm, section and spacer segment 15cm, water after earthing, finally covers the thick rice husk of 2cm.2. Radix Apioris Fortunei (Radix Lespedezae Buergeri): plant in the first tenday period of a month in April, often
The strain of individual container kind 3, after being implanted in the cave dug by container, 2/3 embedment underground of container bag, compacting is watered.
10) managing after planting: 1. Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua: after blade length is neat, except top, every strain retains 7, blade, extracts alabastrum, flower,
Then self-prepared organic fertilizer 150g(formula is executed in every strain: 50% becomes thoroughly decomposed Waste compost+45% plant ash+5% phosphate fertilizer).2. Radix Apioris Fortunei (Radix Lespedezae Buergeri): at the beginning of field planting
Phase, 3 d-5 d water permeable 1 time, treat that the container table soil extra dry white wine degree of depth 3 cm waters again.After field planting 1 month, fill the gaps with seedlings.?
Identification of lligera rhodantha hance grows to about 1.5m, should be by rattan false twist on trunk, it is to avoid contact to earth, and when rattan grows to 1.5m, manually goes to top,
Identification of lligera rhodantha hance length is made to be maintained at about 1.5m.Radix Apioris Fortunei (Radix Lespedezae Buergeri) applies fertilizer 2 times every year, before the 1st time in February-March, plant is sprouted, and the 2nd
Secondary at November-December tuber expanding stage, every mu by NPK (N:P:K=12:18:21) 3 kg, pouring root after water dissolution.
11) gather: 1. Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua: after cultivation, 3-4 gathered when above-ground plant parts is withered completely autumn.2. SANYE
Blue or green: after plantation 2-3, gather when late fall or tuber epidermis early winter are in golden yellow or brown.
Embodiment four:
1) select to plant standing forest and place: selecting Lishui City somewhere chestnut wood 55 mu, 15 mu is " sylvan life-Radix Apioris Fortunei (Radix Lespedezae Buergeri)-Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua "
Cultivation mode, 10 mu is that Semen Castaneae is the most cultivated, and 30 mu is " Semen Castaneae-Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua " Comprehensive Management Modes.Every mu of 40 strains of chestnut wood density.
This Canopy densities 0.9, suitable Chinese crude drug farming, there is horizontal stripes.
2) standing forest processes: by modes such as artificial prunings, controlled by standing forest light transmittance about 30%, then clear garden, by woods
Deadwood, sick branch, mechanical damage branch and weeds on the ground and shrub is divided to clean out.
3) forest land processes: carry out whole in forest land area 30% ratio, and soil block rake is thin, holds gutter successfully according to landform；Simultaneously
Around trunk 30cm, choose 3 positions and dig cave, cave size 30cm, deep 12cm.
4) Radix Apioris Fortunei (Radix Lespedezae Buergeri) container bag: selecting material is the container bag of non-woven fabrics, and the size of bag is bore 30 cm, high 35 cm.
5) Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua kind stem: select stalwartness to have the Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua of rudiment to do kind of a stem, the section of being first cut into, every section of 1-2 joint, rudiment
1-2 is individual, average each heavy about 40 grams, and otch, with Bordeaux's immersion 1-5 second, is planted after medicinal liquid airing.
6) Radix Apioris Fortunei (Radix Lespedezae Buergeri) seedling: growth selection is healthy and strong, disease-free, root system more than 3, the annual cutting seedling of seedling age.
7) Radix Apioris Fortunei (Radix Lespedezae Buergeri) matrix formulations: 55% former woods soil+35% becomes thoroughly decomposed Waste compost+1% phosphate fertilizer+9% plant ash.
8) Radix Apioris Fortunei (Radix Lespedezae Buergeri) substrate pack: packing after fully being mixed thoroughly with fertilizer by former woods soil, soil is slightly above bag horizontal plane 2-
3cm, admixes crock 4 pieces in bag deep 15cm position, and watt heart is downward.
9) cultural method: 1. Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua: planted before October, drilling, plants stem yaw and falls to plant, line-spacing 15cm, ditch depth
8cm, section and spacer segment 10cm, water after earthing, finally covers the thick Miscanthus of 3cm.2. Radix Apioris Fortunei (Radix Lespedezae Buergeri): plant in the last ten-days period in May, often
The strain of individual container kind 3, after being implanted in the cave dug by container, 1/3 embedment underground of container bag, compacting is watered.
10) managing after planting: 1. Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua: after blade length is neat, except top, every strain retains 7, blade, extracts alabastrum, flower,
Then self-prepared organic fertilizer 200g(formula is executed in every strain: 45% becomes thoroughly decomposed Waste compost+50% plant ash+5% phosphate fertilizer).2. Radix Apioris Fortunei (Radix Lespedezae Buergeri): at the beginning of field planting
Phase, 3 d-5 d water permeable 1 time, water when container table soil extra dry white wine degree of depth 2-3 centimetre again.After field planting 1 month, fill the gaps with seedlings.?
Identification of lligera rhodantha hance grows to about 40cm, should be by rattan false twist on trunk, it is to avoid contact to earth, treat that rattan grows to about 1.8m, manually go
Top, makes identification of lligera rhodantha hance length be maintained at about 1.8m.Radix Apioris Fortunei (Radix Lespedezae Buergeri) applies fertilizer 2 times every year, before the 1st time in February-March, plant is sprouted, and
2 times at November-December tuber expanding stage, every mu, with NPK (N:P:K=12:18:21) 5 kg, fills after water dissolution
Root.
11) gather: 1. Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua: after cultivation, 3-4 gathered when above-ground plant parts is withered completely autumn.2. SANYE
Blue or green: after plantation 2-3, gather when late fall or tuber epidermis early winter are in golden yellow or brown.
Embodiment five:
1) select to plant standing forest and place: selecting Lishui City somewhere lanceolata forest 105 mu, 25 mu is " sylvan life-Radix Apioris Fortunei (Radix Lespedezae Buergeri)-Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua "
Cultivation mode, 60 mu is pure Lignum seu Ramulus Cunninghamiae Lanceolatae, and 20 mu is " Lignum seu Ramulus Cunninghamiae Lanceolatae-Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua " conventional Comprehensive Management Modes.Lanceolata forest density every mu 166
Strain.This Canopy densities 0.9, suitable Chinese crude drug is cultivated, and the forest land gradient is less than 25 degree.
2) standing forest processes: by tending and intermittent cutting of forest and artificial pruning mode, controlled by standing forest light transmittance 40%, then clear garden,
Standing forest deadwood, sick branch, mechanical damage branch and weeds on the ground and shrub are cleaned out.
3) forest land processes: carry out whole in forest land area 40% ratio, and soil block rake is thin, holds gutter successfully according to landform；Simultaneously
Around trunk 30cm, choose 3 positions and dig cave, cave size 30cm, deep 17cm.
4) Radix Apioris Fortunei (Radix Lespedezae Buergeri) container bag: selecting material is the container bag of non-woven fabrics, and the size of bag is bore 30 cm, high 25cm.
5) Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua kind stem: select stalwartness to have the Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua of rudiment to do kind of a stem, the section of being first cut into, every section of 1-2 joint, rudiment
More than 1, average each heavy about 40 grams, otch with Bordeaux's immersion 1-5 second, is planted after medicinal liquid airing.
6) Radix Apioris Fortunei (Radix Lespedezae Buergeri) seedling: growth selection is healthy and strong, disease-free, root system more than 3, the annual cutting seedling of seedling age.
7) Radix Apioris Fortunei (Radix Lespedezae Buergeri) matrix formulations: 50% former woods soil+30% becomes thoroughly decomposed Waste compost+10% phosphate fertilizer+10% plant ash.
8) Radix Apioris Fortunei (Radix Lespedezae Buergeri) substrate pack: packing after fully being mixed thoroughly with fertilizer by former woods soil, soil is slightly above bag horizontal plane 2-
3cm, admixes crock 7 pieces in bag deep 15cm position, and watt heart is downward.
9) cultural method: 1. Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua: planted before October, drilling, plants stem yaw and falls to plant, line-spacing 10cm, ditch depth
15cm, section and spacer segment 15cm, water after earthing, finally covers bamboo bits thick for 2cm.2. Radix Apioris Fortunei (Radix Lespedezae Buergeri): plant in the last ten-days period in November,
The strain of each container kind 3, after being implanted in the cave dug by container, 2/3 embedment underground of container bag, compacting is watered.
10) managing after planting: 1. Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua: after blade length is neat, except top, every strain retains 7, blade, extracts alabastrum, flower,
Then self-prepared organic fertilizer 250g(formula is executed in every strain: 50% becomes thoroughly decomposed Waste compost+45% plant ash+5% phosphate fertilizer).2. Radix Apioris Fortunei (Radix Lespedezae Buergeri): at the beginning of field planting
Phase, 3 d-5 d water permeable 1 time, water when container table soil extra dry white wine degree of depth 1-2 centimetre again.After field planting 1 month, fill the gaps with seedlings.?
Identification of lligera rhodantha hance grows to about 40cm, should be by rattan false twist on trunk, it is to avoid contact to earth, treat that rattan grows to about 2m, manually goes to top,
Identification of lligera rhodantha hance length is made to be maintained at about 2m.Radix Apioris Fortunei (Radix Lespedezae Buergeri) applies fertilizer 2 times every year, before the 1st time in February-March, plant is sprouted, and the 2nd time
At November-December tuber expanding stage, every mu by NPK (N:P:K=12:18:21) 15 kg, pouring root after water dissolution.
11) gather: 1. Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua: after cultivation, 3-4 gathered when above-ground plant parts is withered completely autumn.2. SANYE
Blue or green: after plantation 2-3, gather when late fall or tuber epidermis early winter are in golden yellow or brown.
Embodiment six:
1) select to plant standing forest and place: selecting Lishui City somewhere Semen Castanopsis chinensis woods 40 mu, wherein 20 mu is that " sylvan life-Radix Apioris Fortunei (Radix Lespedezae Buergeri) " cultivates mould
Formula (vertical rattan fixing quantity growth), 20 mu is conventional sylvan life Radix Apioris Fortunei (Radix Lespedezae Buergeri) cultivation mode (stem sprawl growth does not goes to top).Semen Castanopsis chinensis woods is close
Spend every mu of 25 strains.This Canopy densities 0.6, suitable Chinese crude drug farming, has horizontal stripes.
2) standing forest processes: by modes such as artificial prunings, controlled by standing forest light transmittance 35%, and then clear garden, withered by standing forest
Branch, sick branch, mechanical damage branch and weeds on the ground and shrub are cleaned out.
3) forest land processes: carry out whole in forest land area 30% ratio, and soil block rake is thin, holds gutter successfully according to landform.Simultaneously
Around trunk 30cm, and choose 3 positions according to crotch angle and dig cave, cave size 30cm, deep 15cm.
4) Radix Apioris Fortunei (Radix Lespedezae Buergeri) container bag: selecting material is the container bag of non-woven fabrics, and the size of bag is bore 30 cm, high 35 cm.
6) Radix Apioris Fortunei (Radix Lespedezae Buergeri) seedling: growth selection is healthy and strong, disease-free, root system more than 3, the annual cutting seedling of seedling age.
7) Radix Apioris Fortunei (Radix Lespedezae Buergeri) matrix formulations: 50% former woods soil+30% becomes thoroughly decomposed Waste compost+10% phosphate fertilizer+10% plant ash.
8) Radix Apioris Fortunei (Radix Lespedezae Buergeri) substrate pack: packing after fully being mixed thoroughly with fertilizer by former woods soil, soil is slightly above bag horizontal plane 2-
3cm, admixes crock 5-6 block about bag deep 15cm position, and watt heart is downward.
9) cultural method: Radix Apioris Fortunei (Radix Lespedezae Buergeri) was planted in the last ten-days period in November, container bag is placed in away from trunk by the strain of each container kind 3
Around 20cm, compacting is watered.
10) manage after planting: at the Radix Apioris Fortunei (Radix Lespedezae Buergeri) field planting initial stage, 3 d-5 d water permeable 1 time, treat container table soil extra dry white wine degree of depth 1-2 centimetre
Time water again.After field planting 1 month, fill the gaps with seedlings.When identification of lligera rhodantha hance grows to 1.8m, going to top, Teng's length controls in 1.8m.Radix Apioris Fortunei (Radix Lespedezae Buergeri)
Annual fertilising 2 times, before the 1st time in February-March, plant is sprouted, the 2nd time in November-December tuber expanding stage, every mu of use three
Component composite fertilizer (N:P:K=12:18:21) 3kg, pouring root after water dissolution.
11) gather: after Radix Apioris Fortunei (Radix Lespedezae Buergeri) plantation 2-3, gather when late fall or tuber epidermis early winter are in golden yellow or brown.
The different cultivation mode input and output of the embodiment of the present invention two is compared and is seen Tables 1 and 2.
The different cultivation mode input and output of the embodiment of the present invention three is compared and is shown in Table 3 and table 4.
The different cultivation mode input and output of the embodiment of the present invention four is compared and is shown in Table 5 and table 6.
Part table 7 and table 8 are compared in the different cultivation mode input and output of the embodiment of the present invention five.
The embodiment of the present invention six Radix Apioris Fortunei (Radix Lespedezae Buergeri) puts into and is relatively shown in Table 9 and table 10 with tuber anharmonic ratio.
Can learn from upper table, embodiment two " Semen Castanopsis chinensis-Radix Apioris Fortunei (Radix Lespedezae Buergeri)-Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua " and " Semen Castanopsis chinensis--Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua " Compound Management mould
Formula, Semen Castanopsis chinensis forest products amount improves 27.4% than clear ploughing, but the average annual per mu yield economic benefit of " Semen Castanopsis chinensis-Radix Apioris Fortunei (Radix Lespedezae Buergeri)-Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua " is
2.90 ten thousand, it is 5.49 times of " Semen Castanopsis chinensis--Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua " Comprehensive Management Modes 0.53 ten thousand yuan, economic benefit highly significant, is " one
Mu mountain ten thousand yuan " typical module.
Knowable to embodiment three and embodiment four, " Semen Castaneae-Radix Apioris Fortunei (Radix Lespedezae Buergeri)-Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua " and " Semen Castaneae--Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua " is combined
Management mode, chestnut wood yield improves 50.0%, 71.5% than clear ploughing." Semen Castaneae-Radix Apioris Fortunei (Radix Lespedezae Buergeri)-Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua " composite cultivation mode
Every mu of average annual economic benefit is 5.64 ten thousand yuan and 2.40 ten thousand yuan, be respectively conventional binary be combined 5.67 times of Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua pattern and
5.40 again.
In embodiment five, " Lignum seu Ramulus Cunninghamiae Lanceolatae-Radix Apioris Fortunei (Radix Lespedezae Buergeri)-Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua " Comprehensive Management Modes, does not has shadow to the volume increment of Lignum seu Ramulus Cunninghamiae Lanceolatae
Ring, but economic benefit is 3.19 ten thousand yuan, is combined 7.73 times of 0.41 ten thousand yuan for binary.
Embodiment six understands, " rattan Radix Apioris Fortunei (Radix Lespedezae Buergeri) is found in sylvan life " cropping pattern compared with " sylvan life Portugal Radix Apioris Fortunei (Radix Lespedezae Buergeri) " pattern, SANYE
Blue or green Weight per plant 65 grams, ratio " sylvan life Portugal Radix Apioris Fortunei (Radix Lespedezae Buergeri) " Weight per plant 53 grams, exceed 22.6%；Cost every mu can save about 3000 yuan,
Economic benefit reaches 5.54 ten thousand yuan, improves 22.9%.
Although the present invention is by being described with reference to preferred embodiment, but, those skilled in the art should
Work as understanding, in the range of claims, the various change in form and details can be made.
Claims (9)
1. a forest interplanting Radix Apioris Fortunei (Radix Lespedezae Buergeri) and the cultural method of Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua, it is characterised in that comprise the steps:
1) select standing forest forest land: select canopy density more than 0.5, mature stand without serious pest and disease damage, the gradient less than 25 degree or
Have the forest land of horizontal stripes；Timbered soil requires loose, fertile, moistening, and drainage is preferable, the neutral or the most slightly acidic red soil of PH
Or yellow earth；
2) standing forest processes: by modes such as artificial prunings, controlled by standing forest light transmittance at 30-40%, and then clear garden, withered by standing forest
Branch, sick branch, mechanical damage branch and weeds on the ground and shrub are cleaned out；
3) forest land processes: carry out whole in forest land area 30%-60% ratio, and soil block rake is thin, holds gutter successfully according to landform；Simultaneously
Around trunk 20-30cm, choose 3 positions and take Radix Apioris Fortunei (Radix Lespedezae Buergeri) implantation cave；Cave size 30-40cm, the deep 10-20cm in cave；
4) Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua kind stem selects: select stalwartness to have the Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua of rudiment to do kind of a stem, the section of being first cut into, every section of 1-2 joint, rudiment
More than 1, weight 30-100 gram, otch, with Bordeaux's immersion 1-5 second, is planted after medicinal liquid airing；
5) Radix Apioris Fortunei (Radix Lespedezae Buergeri) seedling selects: growth selection is healthy and strong, disease-free, root system more than 3, the seedling age cutting seedling of more than a year；
6) Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua cultivation: before October plant, drilling, plant stem yaw fall kind, line-spacing 10-15cm, ditch depth 8-15cm, section with
Spacer segment 10-15cm, waters after earthing, finally any one in the Miscanthus of covering 2-5cm thickness, Caulis et Folium Oryzae, rice husk, bamboo bits or many
The mixture planted；
7) Radix Apioris Fortunei (Radix Lespedezae Buergeri) cultivation: Radix Apioris Fortunei (Radix Lespedezae Buergeri) is planted in container bag, described container bag is to fill the non-woven fabrics of Radix Apioris Fortunei (Radix Lespedezae Buergeri) self-control substrate
Bag；Radix Apioris Fortunei (Radix Lespedezae Buergeri) planting depth is 10-15cm；Implantation time is the first tenday period of a month in April-last ten-days period in May or 10 middle of the month-last ten-days period in November,
The strain of each container bag kind 3, implants container bag the Radix Apioris Fortunei (Radix Lespedezae Buergeri) dug and implants cave after planting well, the 1/3-2/3 of container bag imbeds underground,
Compacting is watered；The size of described non-woven bag is bore 30-40cm, high 25-35 cm；
8) managing after planting: 1. Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua: after blade length is neat, except top, every strain retains blade 5-9 and opens, and extracts alabastrum, flower, so
Self-prepared organic fertilizer 150-250g is executed in rear every strain；2. Radix Apioris Fortunei (Radix Lespedezae Buergeri): field planting initial stage, 3-5 d waters permeable 1 time, treats that container table soil extra dry white wine is deep
Water again when spending 1-3 centimetre；After field planting 1 month, fill the gaps with seedlings；Grow to 40-100 about cm at identification of lligera rhodantha hance, rattan should be wound around
On trunk or branch, it is to avoid contact to earth, when rattan grows to 1-2m, go to top, make identification of lligera rhodantha hance length be maintained in 1-2m；Radix Apioris Fortunei (Radix Lespedezae Buergeri) is every
Year fertilising 2 times, before the 1st time plant is sprouted in February-March, at 11-12 month tuber expanding stage, uses compound fertilizer for every mu the 2nd time
3-15 kg, pouring root after water dissolution；
9) gather: 1. Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua: after cultivation, 3-4 gathered when above-ground plant parts is withered completely autumn；2. Radix Apioris Fortunei (Radix Lespedezae Buergeri): plantation
After 2-3, gather when late fall or tuber epidermis early winter are in golden yellow or brown.
A kind of forest interplanting Radix Apioris Fortunei (Radix Lespedezae Buergeri) the most according to claim 1 and the cultural method of Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua, it is characterised in that: institute
State Radix Apioris Fortunei (Radix Lespedezae Buergeri) self-control substrate in step 7) to be mixed by the component of following weight proportion: the former woods soil of 50-80%；10-50%'s
Become thoroughly decomposed Waste compost；The phosphate fertilizer of 1-10%；The plant ash of 1-10%.
A kind of forest interplanting Radix Apioris Fortunei (Radix Lespedezae Buergeri) the most according to claim 1 and the cultural method of Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua, it is characterised in that: institute
Stating and be also charged with one layer of tile layer in step 7) Radix Apioris Fortunei (Radix Lespedezae Buergeri) container bag, described tile leafing container bag mouth distance 15-20cm, by 3-
8 block sizes are 50-150cm2Crock tiling form, watt heart is down.
A kind of forest interplanting Radix Apioris Fortunei (Radix Lespedezae Buergeri) the most according to claim 1 and the cultural method of Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua, it is characterised in that: institute
State self-prepared organic fertilizer in step 8) to be made up of the component of following weight proportion: the Waste compost that becomes thoroughly decomposed of 45-50%；The vegetation of 45-50%
Ash；The phosphate fertilizer of 5%.
A kind of forest interplanting Radix Apioris Fortunei (Radix Lespedezae Buergeri) the most according to claim 1 and the cultural method of Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua, it is characterised in that: institute
Stating the proportioning of compound fertilizer in step 8) is N:P:K=12:18:21.
A kind of forest interplanting Radix Apioris Fortunei (Radix Lespedezae Buergeri) the most according to claim 1 and the cultural method of Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua, it is characterised in that: institute
Stating in step 3) 3 Radix Apioris Fortunei (Radix Lespedezae Buergeri)s, to implant the position in caves as follows: when the main branch of standing forest seeds is at more than 1m, equidistant point of 3 caves
Cloth；When the main branch height of standing forest seeds is at below 1m, at least 2 acupuncture points are in the underface of main branch.
A kind of forest interplanting Radix Apioris Fortunei (Radix Lespedezae Buergeri) the most according to claim 1 and the cultural method of Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua, it is characterised in that: institute
Stating Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua planting density in step 6) is: line-spacing 10cm, section and spacer segment 15cm.
A kind of forest interplanting Radix Apioris Fortunei (Radix Lespedezae Buergeri) the most according to claim 1 and the cultural method of Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua, it is characterised in that: institute
Stating standing forest is chestnut wood, Semen Castanopsis chinensis woods or lanceolata forest.
A kind of forest interplanting Radix Apioris Fortunei (Radix Lespedezae Buergeri) the most according to claim 1 and the cultural method of Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua, it is characterised in that: institute
State the kind of the yaw described in step 6) and refer to that rhizome yaw, bud are planted upside down.
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Application publication date: 20160810 |