CN104470373A - 含有乳化类胡萝卜素的含水透明的水包油乳液 - Google Patents
含有乳化类胡萝卜素的含水透明的水包油乳液 Download PDFInfo
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- CN104470373A CN104470373A CN201380038299.3A CN201380038299A CN104470373A CN 104470373 A CN104470373 A CN 104470373A CN 201380038299 A CN201380038299 A CN 201380038299A CN 104470373 A CN104470373 A CN 104470373A
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种含水透明的水包油乳液,其含有浓度为0.025-2000ppm的乳化的类胡萝卜素。一些权利要求涉及包括以下步骤的方法:a)制备溶液,其含有改性淀粉和/或至少一种表面活性蛋白以及水,b)通过将至少一种类胡萝卜素混合在三酰基甘油的油中、并且在100-200℃温度下将已分散的类胡萝卜素熔融来制备溶液,c)将来自步骤b)的溶液加入步骤a)的溶液中,d)通过使来自步骤c)的混合物经过转子/定子混合器进行至少一个预乳化步骤,e)进行至少一个高压均化步骤,f)喷雾干燥来自步骤e)的乳液以得到粉末。所述乳液或粉末用作食品着色剂或用于替代偶氮染料。
Description
本发明涉及含有类胡萝卜素的含水透明的水包油乳液以及制备所述乳液的方法。
含有类胡萝卜素的乳液是现有技术中公知的。类胡萝卜素作为着色材料和作为活性物质用于人类食品和动物饲料工业以及用于药物领域中。在此领域中,它们近年来也用于替代合成偶氮染料,称为'Southampton Six':日落黄(E110),喹啉黄(E104),红色酸性染料(E122),诱惑红(E129),酒石黄(E102)和丽春红4R(E124)。它们可能具有负面效应,尤其是对儿童的活动和注意力有不利影响。
在过去,难以用类胡萝卜素替代偶氮染料,和难以完全保持与使用偶氮染料时的产品相同的颜色匹配。
类胡萝卜素不溶于水。另外,它们显示对氧化具有显著的敏感性。所以,难以以结晶形式使用类胡萝卜素,其在储存期间是不稳定的。一般而言,必须使用许多添加剂以获得稳定的类胡萝卜素乳液,其中类胡萝卜素受到保护以免氧化,并且乳液具有改进的着色。
一种克服处理类胡萝卜素中的问题的方法是制备微乳液。这些微乳液显示由所用乳化剂引起的皂状味道。
乳化剂,尤其是长链脂肪酸与抗坏血酸的酯,特别是棕榈酸抗坏血酸基酯,也根据US 4,844,934所述用于获得对乳状液分层稳定的乳液。
通过用乳化剂将液体油例如乙酸维生素E分散在水相中、然后在高压下均化以形成小乳液的方法要求大量的能量以及大量的乳化剂(这些是用于形成乳液的常规设备),这是因为油相在室温下是液体,并且乙酸维生素E油与水相之间的界面张力小于常规植物油(例如向日葵油)。
另一方面,十分难以将类胡萝卜素乳化,这是因为它们具有低的油溶性和非常低的水溶性。此外,防止类胡萝卜素的重结晶要求将顺式与反式异构体之间的比率精细调节以获得稳定的体系。所以,含有类胡萝卜素的乳液实际上是与含有纯乙酸维生素E的乳液不同的体系。含有仅仅油溶性维生素(例如乙酸维生素E)的乳液最终不能用作着色剂。
本发明的目的是提供含水的类胡萝卜素乳液,其显示改进的颜色,优选在高的类胡萝卜素浓度下显示改进的颜色,并且具有类胡萝卜素的改进生物适用性。另外,乳液必须是清澈透明的,这表示浊度非常低。本发明的另一个目的是使用仅仅天然的可更新原料或天然等同的原料。此外,乳液必须能以容易和有效的方式在仅仅数个步骤内制备。
本发明的另一个目的是提供含有类胡萝卜素的含水乳液或含有类胡萝卜素的粉末作为着色剂,其代替偶氮染料并能重现用偶氮染料着色的最终产品的视觉外观。另外,本发明的一个目的是提供含水的胡萝卜素乳液,其不含任何偶氮染料,但是能重现用偶氮染料着色的产品的视觉外观。
这些问题是通过本发明的乳液和本发明的制备乳液的方法实现的。
在一个实施方案中,本发明的乳液是含水透明的水包油乳液,其含有浓度为0.025-2000ppm的乳化的类胡萝卜素,优选0.025-300ppm,0.1-200ppm,0.1-100ppm,1-50ppm,1-30ppm,3-30ppm,3-20ppm,更优选1-15ppm,3-15ppm,尤其是3-6ppm。在一个实施方案中,乳化的类胡萝卜素的浓度是5ppm。在一个实施方案中,1ppm是在一百万重量份中的1重量份。
为了本发明目的,含有乳化的类胡萝卜素的水包油乳液表示油液滴在水中的乳液,其中类胡萝卜素存在于液滴中并溶解在油中。
根据本发明,术语“含水透明的水包油乳液”表示具有低浊度的清澈乳液。浊度是用NTU检测的,NTU是浊度法检测的浊度单位,是用任何标准浊度计检测的,在本发明的一个实施方案中用HACH 2100AN浊度计检测。
为了本发明目的,透明的乳液定义为含有5ppm类胡萝卜素的含水乳液,其具有的NTU值是在35以下。
在本发明的一个实施方案中,含有5ppm类胡萝卜素的含水乳液具有浊度值为1-35NTU,优选10-35NTU,更优选15-30NTU,尤其是15-25NTU,15-20NTU。
在本发明的另一个实施方案中,含有5ppm类胡萝卜素的含水乳液具有选自以下的浊度值:15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24和25NTU。
在本发明的另一个实施方案中,类胡萝卜素是选自:斑蝥黄,虾青素,叶黄素,玉米黄质,β-玉米胡萝卜素(Zeacaroten),番茄红素,阿朴胡萝卜醛,胭脂素,辣椒油,辣椒红和辣椒玉红素,优选阿朴胡萝卜醛,更优选β-阿朴-8-胡萝卜醛。
在本发明的一个实施方案中,类胡萝卜素是β-胡萝卜素。
在另一个实施方案中,本发明的水包油乳液不含β-胡萝卜素。
在本发明中,术语“不含”表示相关的化合物不能用现有技术公知的用于定性和/或定量检测类胡萝卜素的分析方法在本发明组合物中检测到,例如光谱(UV/VIS)、色谱(HPLC)NMR和/或质谱。
所有类胡萝卜素可以是天然或天然等同的。天然等同的胡萝卜素是合成的胡萝卜素,其具有实际上与自然界中的天然胡萝卜素相同的化学结构。
在一个实施方案中,本发明的乳液具有油液滴的尺寸(使用动态光散射检测)为50-400nm,优选80-300nm,更优选100-150nm,尤其是130-140nm。
根据本发明,油液滴尺寸是z-平均尺寸,在一个实施方案中使用Malvern zetasizer nano-s(系列nr.MAL500613)检测。
在一个实施方案中,本发明的乳液具有多分散指数(PDI)为0.01-0.4,优选0.01-0.3,更优选0.01-0.2,尤其是0.01-0.1。多分散指数(PDI)定义了油液滴尺寸分布的宽度,并且如ISP13321部分8中所定义。
在一个实施方案中,本发明的乳液中,其油液滴的70%是在0-200nm范围内,优选其油液滴的80%是在0-200nm范围内,更优选其油液滴的90%是在0-200nm范围内,尤其是其油液滴的95%是在0-200nm范围内。
在一个实施方案中,本发明的乳液具有着色强度值(E1/1)为140-280,优选140-250,150-250,更优选150-230,150-220,更优选160-230,180-215,尤其是205–215。
水溶液的着色强度值(E1/1)定义为经过装有1%类胡萝卜素乳液的1cm小池的光在最大吸收值处的吸收值(对于每种类胡萝卜素是不同的)。如果着色强度值(E 1/1)是在低于1%的浓度检测的,则着色强度的检测值必须用稀释因子校准。
E1/1=(A max x 20)/(样品重量(g))
在本发明的一个实施方案中,类胡萝卜素是在三酰基甘油的油中的熔体,和/或溶解在三酰基甘油的油中,和/或在三酰基甘油的油中从反式异构化成顺式,所述油例如是MCT油(中链的三酰基甘油)、橄榄油、玉米油、向日葵油、花生油、豆油或其它植物油,优选MCT油。
因此,在一个实施方案中,本发明乳液含有三酰基甘油的油,其选自:MCT油(中链的三酰基甘油)、橄榄油、向日葵油、花生油、豆油和植物油,优选MCT油,其浓度为0.1-150ppm,优选1-75ppm,更优选5-50ppm,尤其是15-30ppm。
在一个实施方案中,用于本发明中的三酰基甘油的油是甘油酯,其中甘油被酯化成脂肪酸,所述脂肪酸可以具有4-22的碳链长度和位于任何碳位置上的双键。
优选使用MCT油,其中MCT是甘油的酯,其中甘油被酯化成脂肪酸,其中脂肪酸是饱和的并具有6-10的碳链长度,优选8–10的碳链长度。
异构化是在100-200℃、120-180℃、更优选130-160℃的温度下进行足够的时间,直到反式异构体含量是30-100%,优选30-90%,更优选35-80%,尤其是40-75%。
异构化可以在油溶性抗氧化剂的存在下进行。
因此,在本发明的一个实施方案中,乳液含有脂肪对应的油溶性抗氧化剂,其浓度为0.001-60ppm,优选0.01-30ppm,更优选0.1-20ppm,尤其是0.5-12ppm。
根据本发明的一个实施方案中,油溶性抗氧化剂能溶于非极性溶剂中并形成分子分散。
根据本发明的油溶性抗氧化剂选自:
·乙氧基喹,
·位阻酚抗氧化剂,例如叔丁基羟基甲苯、叔丁基羟基茴香醚、叔丁基羟基醌;
·维生素A,视黄酸及其具有C1-C20碳链长度的酯,
·维生素D2和D3,
·α-、β-、γ-和δ-生育酚,或含有至少两种所述生育酚的混合物;
·α-、β-、γ-和δ-生育三酚(Tocotrienols),或含有至少两种所述生育三酚的混合物;
·含有至少一种上述化合物的天然提取物,酚类二萜,例如鼠尾草酚、鼠尾草酸;
·肉桂酸衍生物,例如对-甲氧基肉桂酸2-乙氧基乙基酯、对-甲氧基肉桂酸乙基己基酯、4-甲氧基肉桂酸2-乙基己基酯、二异丙基肉桂酸甲基酯、4-甲氧基肉桂酸异戊基酯、二乙醇胺4-甲氧基肉桂酸酯,和例如BASF产品Tinogard TT、Tinogard HS、LC-棓酸盐、丁子香酚、百里酚、有机溶剂木素(Organosolv-Lignin),
·优选α-生育酚,
·其中油溶性抗氧化剂的浓度是0.001-60ppm,优选0.1-30ppm,更优选1-20ppm,尤其是6-12ppm。
通过使用本发明方法,类胡萝卜素显示溶于三酰基甘油油中的高稳定性,从而在液滴内没有固体粒子。液滴是类胡萝卜素、任选地油溶性抗氧化剂和三酰基甘油油的混合物。
在一个实施方案中,类胡萝卜素、任选地油溶性抗氧化剂和三酰基甘油油的混合物是溶液(表示类胡萝卜素、任选地油溶性抗氧化剂和三酰基甘油油的分子分散体)。
在本发明的一个实施方案中,胡萝卜素可以是结晶或部分结晶的。
在本发明的另一个实施方案中,所述乳液含有改性淀粉和/或至少一种选自以下的表面活性蛋白:明胶,小麦蛋白,小麦蛋白分离物,酪蛋白酸钠和其它乳蛋白,大豆蛋白,土豆蛋白;和/或天然聚合物,例如:木素磺酸盐,果胶,葫芦巴胶(Fenugreek gum)和阿拉伯树胶,优选改性淀粉,更优选辛烯基琥珀酸盐淀粉。
改性淀粉和/或至少一种表面活性蛋白的浓度是0.5-600ppm,优选2-300ppm,更优选20-200ppm,尤其是60-120ppm。上述聚合物具有分子量MW分布为10,000-2,000,000g/mol,优选20,000-1,000,000g/mol,更优选30,000-500,000g/mol。
在一个实施方案中,本发明的乳液不含辛烯基琥珀酸酐改性的阿拉伯树胶(阿拉伯树胶也称为阿拉伯胶)。
在另一个实施方案中,所述乳液含有选自以下的碳水化合物:单糖、二糖和低聚糖,葡萄糖浆,麦芽糖和海藻糖,优选葡萄糖浆、麦芽糖和海藻糖,优选选自葡萄糖浆、麦芽糖和海藻糖,更优选葡萄糖浆;并且所述碳水化合物具有的DE(右旋糖当量)为20-50,优选35-50,尤其是43-48。所述糖包含葡萄糖、果糖、半乳糖或甘露糖。
所述碳水化合物的浓度为0.5-10000ppm,优选2-5000ppm,更优选20-3000ppm,尤其是60-2000ppm。
在另一个实施方案中,本发明的乳液含有至少一种选自以下的水溶性抗氧化剂:
·天然化合物,其具有作为抗氧化剂的活性,因为它们在其化学结构中含有酚羟基,例如肉桂酸的羟基衍生物,例如羟基肉桂酸,羟基肉桂酸酯,它们是具有C6-C3骨架的多酚类,例如羟基氢化肉桂酸酯;
·咖啡酸,阿魏酸,酪醇,羟基酪醇,肉桂酸,绿原酸,香豆素,香豆酸,芥子酸,肉桂酸,莴苣酸,以及这些化合物的具有C1-C20的任何酯;
·富含至少一种上述化合物的植物的提取物;
·迷迭香酸,羟基酪醇;
·来自常见物质的提取物。在一个实施方案中,常见物质是选自迷迭香,柠檬香薄荷,牛至,百里香,薄荷,鼠尾草,或相似的含有或富含至少一种上述化合物的植物;
·黄酮,它们是存在量多于5000种的天然化合物,用作抗氧化剂,可以是从植物例如茶或从任何其它含有或富含儿茶素或表儿茶素或衍生物的植物提取的任何一种,其中这些化合物可以用碳水化合物糖基化,或者用脂肪酸C1-C20或棓酸酯化;来自植物例如茶、橄榄、桃、苹果的提取物,其含有或富含一种或多种上述化合物;
·抗坏血酸钠,多酚,Teanova 80,谷胱甘肽,硫辛酸,儿茶素,安石榴苷,呫吨酮,苯并环庚三烯酚酮,优选抗坏血酸钠,
·其中水溶性抗氧化剂的浓度为0.001-60ppm,优选0.1-30ppm,更优选1-20ppm,尤其是6-12ppm。
根据本发明的一个实施方案,水溶性抗氧化剂形成在水中的分子分散体。
本发明的一个主题是一种制备所述乳液的方法,包括以下步骤:
a)制备溶液,其含有浓度为0.7-70%、优选1-50%、更优选5-30%、尤其是15-25%的改性淀粉和/或至少一种表面活性蛋白质,浓度为0.001-80%、优选10-70%、更优选15-60%、尤其是30-50%的至少一种碳水化合物,以及水,并且将这些组分混合,
b)通过将浓度为0.1-15%、优选0.5-5%、更优选0.5-3%、尤其是1-2%的至少一种类胡萝卜素混合在浓度为1-30%、优选3-20%、更优选3-15%、3-10%、尤其是3-5%的三酰基甘油油中、并且在100-200℃、120-180℃、更优选130-160℃温度下将已分散的类胡萝卜素熔融而制备溶液,并且任选地将所述类胡萝卜素从反式异构化成顺式,
c)将来自步骤b)的溶液加入步骤a)的溶液中,
d)通过使来自步骤c)的混合物经过转子/定子混合器,进行至少一个预乳化步骤,
e)在300-2000巴压力下进行至少一个高压均化步骤、优选至少两个高压均化步骤,
f)喷雾干燥来自步骤e)的乳液以得到粉末,
g-1)通过将来自步骤f)的粉末加入水中而制备乳液;
其中,百分比是表示步骤c)至e)的乳液的重量百分比,并且全部所用化合物的总量是100%。
本发明的另一个主题是一种制备水包油乳液的方法,其包括上述步骤a)至f),并且在代替步骤g-1)的步骤g-2)中通过将来自步骤f)的粉末按照5-70%、优选10-70%、10-60%、更优选20-50%的浓度加入水中而制备乳液,其中百分比是重量百分比,表示根据步骤f)的粉末在水中的浓度。
在本发明方法的一个实施方案中,任选地在步骤a)中加入浓度为0.001-10%、优选0.001-4%、更优选0.01-1.5%、尤其0.5-1.5%的至少一种水溶性抗氧化剂。
在本发明方法的一个实施方案中,任选地在步骤b)中加入在浓度为1-30%、优选3-20%、更优选3-15%、3-10%、尤其3-5%的三酰基甘油油中的浓度为0.001-10%、优选0.001-5%、更优选0.01-2%、尤其0.1-1%的至少一种油溶性抗氧化剂。
在另一个实施方案中,本发明方法包括一个或多个以下方案:
-在步骤c)或d)中将碳水化合物混合加入乳液中,
-步骤c)、d)或e)之后加入水溶性抗氧化剂,
-在步骤a)、c)或d)中加入油溶性抗氧化剂。
在一个实施方案中,进行预乳化直到油液滴尺寸(z-平均尺寸)是200nm至20μm,优选250nm至10μm,更优选300nm至5μm。
预乳液在60℃下(在搅拌下)稳定至少10小时,优选在60℃下(在搅拌下)稳定至少5小时,更优选在60℃下(在搅拌下)稳定至少3小时。
在一个实施方案中,两阶段均化器用于高压均化的步骤中。两阶段均化器包括两个压力阀,所以每个经由此机器的通路包括两个阶段。第一阶段具有0-3000巴的压力,优选500-2000巴,更优选650-1500巴,尤其是800-950巴;第二阶段具有0-3000巴的压力,优选50-2000巴,更优选50-1500巴,尤其是50-1000巴。
在另一个实施方案中,乳液在一个阶段中在300-2000巴、优选500-1500巴、更优选500-1400巴下经过微型流化床。
在此过程中的所有步骤是在0-500℃温度下进行,优选20-200℃,更优选20-200℃,尤其是50-200℃。
在另一个实施方案中,高压均化步骤进行至少2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10、15、20、30个或甚至更多。
在一个实施方案中,本发明方法促进了制备稳定乳液且不需要任何表面活性剂。
在一个实施方案中,除了改性淀粉、优选辛烯基琥珀酸盐淀粉之外,本发明的稳定的水包油乳液是不含其它的表面活性剂和/或乳化剂。换句话说,辛烯基琥珀酸盐淀粉是在本发明乳液中存在的唯一表面活性剂和/或乳化剂。
本发明的另一个主题是含有根据步骤f)的类胡萝卜素的粉末。
在一个实施方案中,所述粉末具有0-15%的残余水分含量,优选0.1-10%,更优选3-5%。
在一个实施方案中,根据本发明方法制备的粉末包含:
-改性淀粉和/或至少一种表面活性蛋白,其浓度为0.7-70%,优选1-60%,更优选10-50%,尤其是20-40%,
-任选地至少一种水溶性抗氧化剂,其浓度为0.001-10%,优选0.001-4%,更优选0.001-2%,尤其是1%,
-至少一种碳水化合物,其浓度为0.001-80%,优选10-80%,更优选20-70%,尤其是45%,
-至少一种类胡萝卜素,其浓度为0.5-20%,优选1-5%,更优选1-3%,尤其是2-3%,优选其具有的反式异构体含量为30-100%,
-任选地至少一种油溶性抗氧化剂,其浓度为0.001-10%,优选0.001-5%,更优选0.01-3%,尤其是1%,
-三酰基甘油油,其浓度为1-50%。优选3-50%、3-40%,更优选3-20%、3-15%、7-15%,尤其是8%,
-并且全部所用化合物的总量是100%。
在本发明的一个实施方案中,粉末是通过在80-500℃、优选100-300℃、更优选100-200℃的入口温度和约40-150℃、优选50-100℃、更优选50-90℃的出口温度下喷雾干燥得到的。
本发明的另一个主题是根据步骤g-2)的含有类胡萝卜素的(浓缩的)乳液,其是通过将来自步骤f)的粉末加入水中制备的。这种(浓缩的)乳液是母料乳液,其可以进一步稀释。
在本发明的一个实施方案中,本发明的含水透明乳液、浓缩的母料乳液和/或粉末用作着色剂,优选天然或天然等同的着色剂。本发明的含水乳液、浓缩的母料乳液和/或粉末在饮料中用作着色剂,例如软饮料、调味水、果汁、果汁饮料或这些饮料的浓缩形式,以及含醇饮料和速溶饮料粉末。
在另一个实施方案中,本发明的含水乳液、浓缩的母料乳液和/或粉末用于食品和/或饲料中。通常,本发明的含水乳液、浓缩的母料乳液和/或粉末用于冰淇淋、奶酪、乳制品例如牛奶饮品或酸奶、豆奶等,糕饼产品,胶,甜点,糖果,布丁,果冻,速溶布丁粉末,以及用于零食、曲奇、调味品、谷物、沙拉酱、汤中。
本发明的含水溶液、浓缩的母料乳液和/或粉末也可以用于药物制剂中,例如片剂或胶囊,或用于化妆品和皮肤用品中。
在一个实施方案中,使用本发明的含水乳液、浓缩的母料乳液和/或粉末代替偶氮染料或替换它们。本发明产品替代偶氮染料用作食品着色剂,这通过重现最终产品的外观实现,意味着最终产品具有相同的颜色和透明性。
实施例
1.制备工序
a)将改性淀粉、Na-抗坏血酸和碳水化合物溶解在温度为60℃的水中。
b)将阿朴胡萝卜醛、包括生育酚在130-160℃下在MCT-油中溶解和异构化4分钟。
c)将来自步骤b)的溶液与来自步骤a)的溶液混合。
d)将来自步骤c)的混合物在实验室规模的转子/定子混合器中预乳化9分钟。
e)将混合物通过高压微型流化床进一步乳化。
f)将乳液喷雾干燥。入口温度是100-120℃。出口温度是约60℃。
g)通过将干粉末以5ppm类胡萝卜素浓度加入水中以制备乳液。
粉末具有浓度为5%的残余水分含量。
在以下实施例中,E1/1值是在460nm最大消光下检测的,在溶剂中的1%阿朴胡萝卜醛的最大消光是2640。此外,在600nm处的吸收值代表浊度。
2.提高阿朴胡萝卜醛浓度
根据实施例1的乳液是用以下化合物和浓度制备的,其中来自步骤1e)的混合物用高压微型流化床进一步乳化(在1000巴下通过1次):
3.使用各种碳水化合物
根据实施例1的乳液是用以下化合物和浓度制备的,其中来自步骤1e)的混合物用高压微型流化床进一步乳化(在1000巴下通过1次)
4.使用各种改性淀粉浓度
根据实施例1的乳液是用以下化合物和浓度制备的,其中来自步骤1e)的混合物用高压微型流化床进一步乳化(在800巴下通过1次)
10%淀粉 | 20%淀粉 | 40%淀粉 | |
阿朴胡萝卜醛(%) | 2 | 2 | 2 |
MCT油(%) | 8 | 8 | 8 |
葡萄糖浆(%) | 75 | 65 | 45 |
改性淀粉(%) | 10 | 20 | 40 |
抗坏血酸钠(%) | 1 | 0 | 0 |
生育酚(%) | 1 | 1 | 1 |
粒径(nm) | 113 | 134 | 131 |
在600nm处的吸收值 | 0.018 | 0.022 | 0.022 |
E1/1值 | 206 | 206 | 206 |
浊度NTU | 23.9 | 19 | 18.7 |
5.使用各种压力
根据实施例1的乳液是用以下化合物和浓度制备的,其中来自步骤1e)的混合物用高压微型流化床进一步乳化(在600或1000巴下通过1次)
600巴 | 800巴 | 1000巴 | |
阿朴胡萝卜醛(%) | 2 | 2 | 2 |
MCT油(%) | 8 | 8 | 8 |
葡萄糖浆(%) | 48 | 48 | 48 |
改性淀粉(%) | 38 | 38 | 38 |
抗坏血酸钠(%) | 0 | 0 | 0 |
生育酚(%) | 1 | 1 | 1 |
粒径(nm) | 150 | 131 | 123 |
在600nm处的吸收值 | 0.036 | 0.022 | 0.019 |
E1/1值 | 207 | 206 | 207 |
5.从微型流化床通过1-5次
根据实施例1的乳液是用以下化合物和浓度制备的,其中来自步骤1e)的混合物用高压微型流化床进一步乳化(在1000巴下)
阿朴胡萝卜醛(%) | 1 |
MCT油(%) | 4 |
葡萄糖浆(%) | 49 |
改性淀粉(%) | 40 |
抗坏血酸钠(%) | 2 |
生育酚(%) | 1 |
粒径(nm),通过1次 | 150 |
粒径(nm),通过2次 | 114 |
粒径(nm),通过3次 | 101 |
粒径(nm),通过4次 | 104 |
粒径(nm),通过5次 | 102 |
Claims (18)
1.一种含水透明的水包油乳液,其含有浓度为0.025-2000ppm的乳化的类胡萝卜素。
2.根据权利要求1的乳液,其中类胡萝卜素是选自:斑蝥黄,虾青素,叶黄素,玉米黄质,β-玉米胡萝卜素,番茄红素,阿朴胡萝卜醛,胭脂素,辣椒油,辣椒红和辣椒玉红素,优选阿朴胡萝卜醛,更优选β-阿朴-8-胡萝卜醛。
3.根据前述权利要求中任一项的乳液,其在5ppm的类胡萝卜素浓度下具有NTU(浊度)值为1-35NTU。
4.根据前述权利要求中任一项的乳液,其具有着色强度值(E 1/1)为140-280,其中着色强度值(E 1/1)定义为经过装有溶解在有机溶剂中的1%类胡萝卜素的1cm小池的光在最大吸收值处的吸收值。
5.根据前述权利要求中任一项的乳液,其具有通过动态光散射检测的油液滴尺寸为50-400nm。
6.根据前述权利要求中任一项的乳液,其含有浓度为0.1-150ppm的选自以下的三酰基甘油的油:MCT油(中链的三酰基甘油)、橄榄油、向日葵油、花生油、豆油和植物油,优选MCT油。
7.根据前述权利要求中任一项的乳液,其含有浓度为0.5-600ppm的改性淀粉和/或至少一种表面活性蛋白,其具有分子量MW分布为10,000-2,000,000g/mol。
8.根据前述权利要求中任一项的乳液,其含有至少一种选自以下的碳水化合物:单糖、二糖和低聚糖,葡萄糖浆,麦芽糖和海藻糖,所述碳水化合物具有20-50的DE,浓度为0.5-10000ppm。
9.根据前述权利要求中任一项的乳液,其含有至少一种选自以下的水溶性抗氧化剂:
-天然化合物,其由于在其化学结构中含有酚羟基而具有作为抗氧化剂的活性;
-咖啡酸,阿魏酸,酪醇,羟基酪醇,肉桂酸,绿原酸,香豆素,香豆酸,芥子酸,肉桂酸,莴苣酸,以及这些化合物的具有C1-C20的任何酯;
-富含至少一种上述化合物的植物的提取物;
-迷迭香酸,羟基酪醇;
-来自常见物质的提取物;
-黄酮,优选从植物例如茶或从任何其它含有儿茶素或表儿茶素或衍生物的植物提取;
-来自植物例如茶、橄榄、桃、苹果的提取物,其含有一种或多种上述化合物;
-抗坏血酸钠,多酚,Teanova 80,谷胱甘肽,硫辛酸,儿茶素,安石榴苷,呫吨酮,苯并环庚三烯酚酮,优选抗坏血酸钠,
其中水溶性抗氧化剂的浓度为0.001-60ppm。
10.根据前述权利要求中任一项的乳液,其含有油溶性抗氧化剂,选自:
-乙氧基喹,
-位阻酚抗氧化剂,例如叔丁基羟基甲苯、叔丁基羟基茴香醚、叔丁基羟基醌;
-维生素A,视黄酸及其具有C1-C20的酯,
-维生素D2和D3,
-α-、β-、γ-和δ-生育酚,或含有至少两种所述生育酚的混合物;
-α-、β-、γ-和δ-生育三酚,或含有至少两种所述生育三酚的混合物;
-含有至少一种上述化合物的天然提取物,
-酚类二萜,例如鼠尾草酚、鼠尾草酸;
-肉桂酸衍生物,例如对-甲氧基肉桂酸2-乙氧基乙基酯、对-甲氧基肉桂酸乙基己基酯、4-甲氧基肉桂酸2-乙基己基酯、二异丙基肉桂酸甲基酯、4-甲氧基肉桂酸异戊基酯、二乙醇胺4-甲氧基肉桂酸酯,和
-LC-棓酸盐、丁子香酚、百里酚,
其中油溶性抗氧化剂的浓度是0.001-60ppm。
11.根据前述权利要求中任一项的乳液,其中类胡萝卜素具有的异构化的反式异构体含量为30-100%。
12.一种制备根据权利要求1-9中任一项的乳液的方法,包括以下步骤:
a)制备溶液,其含有浓度为0.7-70%的改性淀粉和/或至少一种表面活性蛋白、浓度为0.001-80%的至少一种碳水化合物以及水,并且将这些组分混合,
b)通过将浓度为0.1-15%的至少一种类胡萝卜素混合在浓度为1-30%的三酰基甘油油中、并且在100-200℃温度下将已分散的类胡萝卜素熔融而制备溶液,
c)将来自步骤b)的溶液加入步骤a)的溶液中,
d)通过使来自步骤c)的混合物经过转子/定子混合器,进行至少一个预乳化步骤,
e)进行至少一个高压均化步骤,
f)喷雾干燥来自步骤e)的乳液以得到粉末,
g-1)通过将来自步骤f)的粉末加入水中而制备乳液;
其中,百分比是表示基于步骤c)至e)的乳液的重量百分比。
13.一种制备含有乳化的类胡萝卜素的水包油乳液的方法,包括以下步骤:
a)制备溶液,其含有浓度为0.7-70%的改性淀粉和/或至少一种表面活性蛋白、浓度为0.001-80%的至少一种碳水化合物以及水,并且将这些组分混合,
b)通过将浓度为0.1-15%的至少一种类胡萝卜素混合在浓度为1-30%的三酰基甘油油中、并且在100-200℃温度下将已分散的类胡萝卜素熔融而制备溶液,
c)将来自步骤b)的溶液加入步骤a)的溶液中,
d)通过使来自步骤c)的混合物经过转子/定子混合器,进行至少一个预乳化步骤,
e)进行至少一个高压均化步骤、优选至少两个高压均化步骤,其中,百分比是表示步骤c)至e)的乳液的重量百分比,
f)喷雾干燥来自步骤e)的乳液以得到粉末,
g-2)通过将来自步骤f)的粉末按照5-70%的浓度加入水中而制备乳液,其中百分比是重量百分比,表示步骤f)的粉末在水中的浓度。
14.根据权利要求12或13的方法,包括一个或多个以下方案:
-在步骤c)或d)中将碳水化合物混合加入乳液中,
-步骤c)、d)或e)之后加入水溶性抗氧化剂,
-在步骤a)、c)或d)中加入油溶性抗氧化剂。
15.根据权利要求12或14的步骤f)的含有类胡萝卜素的粉末。
16.根据权利要求13或14的步骤g-2)的含有类胡萝卜素的水包油乳液。
17.权利要求16的含水乳液或权利要求15的粉末作为着色剂、优选天然或天然等同的着色剂在食品、饲料、药物制剂、化妆品和/或皮肤用品中的用途。
18.根据权利要求17的用途,用于替代偶氮染料。
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CN112914020A (zh) | 2021-06-08 |
WO2014013002A1 (en) | 2014-01-23 |
AU2013292031B2 (en) | 2017-02-02 |
DK2874507T3 (da) | 2021-03-15 |
EP2874507B1 (en) | 2020-12-30 |
JP6487322B2 (ja) | 2019-03-20 |
AU2013292031A1 (en) | 2015-01-29 |
EP2687103A1 (en) | 2014-01-22 |
EP2687103B1 (en) | 2019-05-22 |
ES2742221T3 (es) | 2020-02-13 |
JP2015530076A (ja) | 2015-10-15 |
ES2858249T3 (es) | 2021-09-29 |
EP2874507A1 (en) | 2015-05-27 |
DK2687103T3 (da) | 2019-08-19 |
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