JP5364894B2 - 変性アカシアガムを含有するカロテノイド組成物 - Google Patents
変性アカシアガムを含有するカロテノイド組成物 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5364894B2 JP5364894B2 JP2009553020A JP2009553020A JP5364894B2 JP 5364894 B2 JP5364894 B2 JP 5364894B2 JP 2009553020 A JP2009553020 A JP 2009553020A JP 2009553020 A JP2009553020 A JP 2009553020A JP 5364894 B2 JP5364894 B2 JP 5364894B2
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- gum
- acacia
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- starch
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Description
I)100℃〜115℃の間の温度で1〜38時間の熱処理によって変性されたアカシアガムを水中に溶解させるステップと、
II)場合により、ステップI)の溶液に少なくとも1つの加工デンプンを添加するステップと、
III)ステップII)の溶液に、CHCl3と、少なくとも1つのカロテノイドおよび40重量%未満の油(乾燥物質における組成物全体を基準として)を含む有機相と、場合により少なくとも1つの水溶性の賦形剤および/または補助剤とを添加するステップと、
IV)30℃〜100℃の間、さらに好ましくは45℃〜80℃の間、さらに好ましくは50℃〜70℃の間の温度で約30分間、ステップIII)の混合物を乳化するステップと、
V)有機溶媒を真空下で蒸発させるステップと、
VI)スプレー乾燥、パウダーキャッチ(powder catch)または他の方法によってエマルジョンを乾燥させるステップと、
を含む(本方法は、本明細書で指定される量の成分を用いて実行することができる)。
を有し、式中、Stはデンプンであり、Rはアルキレン基であり、R’は疎水性基である。好ましくは、Rは、ジメチレンまたはトリメチレンなどの低級アルキレン基である。R’は、好ましくは5〜18個の炭素原子を有するアルキルまたはアルケニル基であってもよい。式(I)の好ましい化合物は「OSA−デンプン」(オクテニルコハク酸デンプンナトリウム)である。置換度、すなわちエステル化されていない遊離ヒドロキシル基の数に対するエステル化されたヒドロキシル基の数は、通常、0.1%〜10%の範囲、好ましくは0.5%〜4%の範囲、より好ましくは3%〜4%の範囲で様々である。
1253841842038_1
を参照)またはヒドロラーゼなどによって酵素的に部分的に加水分解された加工デンプン/OSA−デンプン、ならびに既知の方法によって化学的に部分的に加水分解された加工デンプン/OSA−デンプンも包含する。「加工デンプン」および「OSA−デンプン」という用語は、まず酵素的に部分的に加水分解され、その後さらに化学的に加水分解された加工デンプン/OSA−デンプンも包含する。あるいは、まずデンプンを加水分解(酵素的または化学的のいずれかあるいは両方)し、次にこの部分的に加水分解されたデンプンを、炭化水素鎖で置換された無水コハク酸などの環状ジカルボン酸無水物で処理する、好ましくはオクテニルコハク酸無水物で処理することも可能であろう。
本発明はさらに、以下のステップを含む上記のような組成物の製造方法に関する(この方法も実施例に記載される)。さらに、上記の成分の好ましい量をこの方法のために使用することができる。
I) 100℃〜115℃の間の温度で1〜38時間の熱処理によって変性されたアカシアガムを水中に溶解させるステップ。
II) 場合により、ステップI)の溶液に少なくとも1つの加工デンプンを添加するステップ。
III) ステップII)の溶液に、有機溶媒(一例として、CHCl3)と、少なくとも1つのカロテノイドおよび40重量%未満の油(乾燥物質における組成物全体を基準として)を含む有機相と、場合により少なくとも1つの水溶性の賦形剤および/または補助剤とを添加するステップ。
IV) ステップIII)の混合物を30℃〜100℃の間の温度で約30分間乳化するステップ。
V) 有機溶媒を真空下で蒸発させるステップ。
VI) スプレー乾燥、パウダーキャッチまたは他の方法によってエマルジョンを乾燥させるステップ。
1Kgのアカシアガムを110℃のオーブン(SALVIS)で1〜72時間加熱した。2時間後にガムの色がより濃く変化し、キャラメル様の匂いを呈した。加熱工程の後、アカシアガムをデシケータ上に置き、さらに変性することなく使用した。
ビーカーにおいて、150gのアカシアガムを250gの水中に溶解させ、IKA−Euro−starを用いて室温で1時間攪拌した。全てが溶解したら、31.24gのHi−Cap 100および31.24gのマルトデキストリンを添加し、完全に溶解するまでさらに混合物を攪拌した。溶解工程を加速するために、ビーカーを35℃に加熱した。次に、このマトリックス330gを反応器に移し、50℃で30分間、溶解機ディスク(1000U/分、流体)を用いて攪拌した。その間に、148gのクロロホルム中に溶解した8.9gのβ−カロテン、9.7gのコーン油、2.7gのα−トコフェロールを含有する有機相を攪拌しながら30分間69℃で加熱した。乳化工程を2つの部分に分け、まず、水性マトリックスに29.6gのCHCl3を添加することによりプレミックスを実現し(混合速度5400U/分)、次に、同じ混合速度で有機相を添加した。得られた生成物を10分間乳化した(5000U/分)。最後に、45℃で1時間、真空下で溶媒を蒸発させた(Rotavapor Buchi、Typ R−205)。
実施例2に記載に記載されるのと同じ手順を用いた。唯一の違いはガムの種類に属する。普通のアカシアガムの代わりに、熱処理で変性したガムを使用した。変性ガムは、加熱時間に関係なく、溶解の問題を呈さなかった。13時間よりも長い間加熱したアカシアガムの場合、得られるマトリックスの粘度の増大および暗色化が観察された。
ESCO反応器において、220gの水を110gのアカシアガム中に溶解し、室温で1時間攪拌した。溶解工程を加速するために、反応器を35℃に加熱した。次に、マトリックスを50℃で30分間加熱した。その間に、148gのクロロホルム中に溶解した8.9gのβ−カロテン、9.7gのコーン油、2.7gのα−トコフェロールを含有する有機相を攪拌しながら30分間69℃に加熱した。乳化工程を上記のように2つの部分に分け、まず、水性マトリックスに29.6gのCHCl3を添加することによりプレミックスを実現し(混合速度25000rpm)、次に、同じ混合速度で有機相を添加した。得られた生成物を30分間乳化した(2500rpm)。最後に、45℃で1時間、真空下で溶媒を蒸発させた(Rotavapor Buchi、Typ R−205)。
10重量%のGAを含有する水溶液を、750kDaの分子量カットオフ(MWCO)を有する中空繊維部材(GE Healthcare)により限外ろ過(Cross−flow)した。30℃、1バールの膜間差圧(TMP)で溶液をろ過した。2に等しい濃縮係数(CF)で工程を停止した。次に、残留物(retentate)溶液をスプレー乾燥した(Niro−Mobile MinorTM「2000」、Tin:180℃、Tout:80℃)。捕集した生成物を貯蔵し、さらに変性することなく使用した。
既に述べたように、エマルジョンの品質を評価するために選択されるパラメータは、色強度E1/1である。カロテノイド組成物は次のように分類される:
0<E1/1<500:粗悪なエマルジョン
500<E1/1<1000:容認できるエマルジョン
E1/1>1000:良好なエマルジョン
国際公開第2004/089991号パンフレットに開示される方法に従ってアカシアガムの変性を実施した。国際公開第2004/089991号パンフレットには、110℃における10時間以上の熱処理の後のアカシアガムの乳化特性の著しい増大が記載されているが、好ましい条件は48〜72時間の間であると報告されている。国際公開第2004/089991号パンフレットに開示される理論は、より良好な乳化特性を得るためにメイラード反応による分子サイズの増大(90万以上)に基づいている。この理論の我々の特定のシステムへの適用を確認するために、固体状態のGAを110℃で種々の時間熱処理して乳化剤として使用した。結果は図2に示される。
乳化特性を高めると思われるより大きい分子を捕集するために(国際公開第2004/089991号パンフレットに開示されるように)、加熱GAの水溶液を限外ろ過した。次に、4%β−カロテンに基づく前の実施例と同じモデル系においてこの画分を試験した(図3を参照)。
この実施例では、Hi−cap 100(より小さい分子量)およびMDとのブレンド中に熱処理アカシアガム(より高い分子量)を含有するマトリックスによるエマルジョンである。110℃で少なくとも13時間加熱したGAによりエマルジョンが実現される場合に、E1/1値の著しい増大が観察された(図4を参照)。我々の分類によると、17、24および38時間加熱したアカシアガムにより実現したエマルジョンは、Hi−cap 100およびマルトデキストリンのブレンドと組み合わせたときに良好な生成物と分類される基準に到達した。
1)短すぎる加熱時間(1時間、110℃)は、アカシアガムの特性の変化を引き起こさない。
2)長すぎる加熱時間(72時間)は、加熱工程によりガムに加えられた改善をわずかに損なう。
3)17時間よりも長い(しかし、72時間よりも短い)時間のアカシアガムの加熱は、その乳化特性をさらに改善することはない。
次に、より低い温度(55、65、75、85℃)で17、42、および65時間のより穏やかな条件において、アカシアガムを固体状態または水溶液中で熱処理した。結果は図7および8に示される。
・65℃よりも低い温度では、17または42時間加熱したサンプル間で著しい違いは観察されなかった。
・75℃で処理したGAは、より高いE1/1値を有したが、110℃において17時間固体状態で変性したGAよりも低かった。
・85℃は、液体状態では過熱されると思われる(E1/1値の低下)。
Claims (11)
- 100℃〜115℃の間の温度で13〜38時間の熱処理が施されたアカシアガムと、少なくとも1つのカロテノイドとを含む組成物であって、前記カロテノイドがβ−カロテンであり、乾燥物質における組成物全体を基準として40重量%未満の油を含み、更に少なくとも1つの加工デンプン及び1つまたは複数の補助剤および/若しくは賦形剤としての多糖を含み、前記加工デンプンが、OSA加工食品デンプンであり、前記多糖が、マルトデキストリンであることを特徴とする組成物。
- 前記組成物が、乾燥物質における組成物全体を基準として0.1〜50重量%の間のカロテノイドを含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 前記アカシアガムの熱処理が、15時間よりも長く24時間よりも短い間、施されることを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の組成物。
- 前記アカシアガムが、アカシア・セネガル(acacia senegal)であることを特徴とする請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載の組成物。
- アカシアガム、加工デンプンおよびマルトデキストリンの合計量に対して、アカシアガムの量が少なくとも70重量%であることを特徴とする請求項1〜4のいずれか一項に記載の組成物。
- 前記組成物が少なくとも500の色強度値(E1/1)を有し、前記色強度E1/1が1%の溶液および厚さ1cmの吸光度であり、次のように:E1/1=(Amax−A650)*希釈係数/(サンプルの重量*製品形態の含量(%))で計算されることを特徴とする請求項1〜5のいずれか一項に記載の組成物。
- 請求項1〜6のいずれか一項に記載の組成物を製造するための方法であって、以下のステップ:
I)100℃〜115℃の間の温度で15時間よりも長く24時間よりも短い間の熱処理によって変性されたアカシアガムを水中に溶解させるステップと、
II)ステップI)の溶液に少なくとも1つの加工デンプンを添加するステップであって、前記加工デンプンが、OSA加工食品デンプンであるステップと、
III)ステップII)の溶液に、有機溶媒と、少なくとも1つのカロテノイドおよび40重量%未満の油(乾燥物質における組成物全体を基準として)を含む有機相と、少なくとも1つの補助剤および/若しくは賦形剤としての多糖を添加するステップであって、前記カロテノイドがβ−カロテンであるステップと、
IV)ステップIII)の混合物を乳化するステップと、
V)前記有機溶媒を真空下で蒸発させるステップと、
VII)スプレー乾燥、パウダーキャッチまたは他の方法によってエマルジョンを乾燥させるステップと、
を含む方法。 - ステップII)において多糖も添加されることを特徴とする請求項7に記載の方法。
- 食料、飲料、動物飼料、化粧品または医薬組成物を強化、増強および/または着色するための、請求項1〜6のいずれか一項に記載の組成物の使用。
- 請求項1〜6のいずれか一項に記載の組成物をさらなる通常の飲料成分と混合することによって、飲料を製造するための方法。
- 請求項10に記載の方法によって得られる飲料。
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PCT/EP2008/000240 WO2008110225A1 (en) | 2007-03-15 | 2008-01-15 | Carotenoid compositions containing modified gum acacia |
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