CN104350991A - Semi-no-tillage machine ditching and broadcast sowing cultivation method of wheat following rice - Google Patents
Semi-no-tillage machine ditching and broadcast sowing cultivation method of wheat following rice Download PDFInfo
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- CN104350991A CN104350991A CN201410674171.2A CN201410674171A CN104350991A CN 104350991 A CN104350991 A CN 104350991A CN 201410674171 A CN201410674171 A CN 201410674171A CN 104350991 A CN104350991 A CN 104350991A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
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Abstract
The invention discloses a semi-no-tillage machine ditching and broadcast sowing cultivation method of wheat following rice. The semi-no-tillage machine ditching and broadcast sowing cultivation method comprises the following steps: selecting crop rotation and varieties; determining a sowing amount and applying fertilizers; applying base fertilizers and applying 5kg-7kg of urea into rice straw full-amount mulching paddy field base fertilizers to catalyze the rotting of straws; uniformly sowing seeds; managing the wheat following rice and harvesting when the wheat is 100% ripe; drying, storing and selling. According to the semi-no-tillage machine ditching and broadcast sowing cultivation method, the nutrition of soil is increased in the rice straw full-amount mulching paddy field base fertilizers, so that the granule structure of the soil is improved and the nitrogen fixation effect of the soil is increased; before the wheat following rice sprouts after being fertilized and sowed, a rotary cultivator is selected according to farmable soil moisture content and is used for carrying out shallow rotary semi-no-tillage and ditching; ditches are cleaned after the seeds are sowed and seedlings sprout; the water and soil loss is reduced; a cultivation land can be protected, the soil moisture content is improved and the temperature is increased, the direct surface runoff of rainstorm weathers is increased and the water-logging is reduced.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to crop seeding field, specifically a kind of Wheat after rice half no-tillage machine trench digging broadcasts sowing cultivation method.
Background technology
Wheat or barley is planted after the results paddy rice of rice field.There is Wheat After Getting Rice in southern china and the north, mainly be distributed in the Yangtze river basin, based on wheat-rice rotation to the north of the Yangtze river basin, on the south the Yangtze river basin except wheat-rice rotation, province and the Shanghai City such as Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Hunan, Fujian, also have early rice late rice wheat (or barley) three crops per annual.Since 20 century 70s, varieties in Huang-Huai-Hai Plain some local implementation changing the drought field to the paddy one and Dry seeded rice, expand rice cultivation area, thus developed wheat-rice rotation plantation system.Plantation Wheat After Getting Rice area wheat commodity rate is higher, and has larger yield potential.This cropping system plays an important role to raising total output of grain.
The most of area of southern china, Wheat After Getting Rice is emerged incomplete, irregular, and cultivation management is extensive, and fertilising is not enough, and late growth stage is rainy, wet injury weight, native haftplatte knot, and disease, worm, crop smothering are all more general; Riverine lakeside area on the south 31 ° of N, the popular frequency of head blight is high.North Wheat After Getting Rice because of crops for rotation slow, sowing evening, fringe is few, fringe is little, again meets Drought in later stage more, often yields poorly and unstable.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome prior art defect, provide a kind of Wheat after rice half no-tillage machine to ditch and broadcast sowing cultivation method.
Object of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of Wheat after rice half no-tillage machine trench digging broadcasts sowing cultivation method, comprises the following steps:
(1) crop succession and Fruit variety: by the end of September, early October precocious rice stubble field non-ploughing,
select plantation half winterproperty wheat; Mid or late October in early November, late sowing round-grained rice rice stubble field non-ploughing in evening, select plantation Late frost damage; Mid or late November allows a batch rice field, sows precocious spring wheat;
(2) seeding quantity and fertilising: by the end of September early October precocious rice stubble field non-ploughing, mu seeding quantity 12-13kg, input fertilizer total amount 45kg per mu, wherein purity nitrogen 18kg, phosphorus pentoxide 6kg, potassium oxide 21kg; Mid or late October in early November, late sowing round-grained rice rice stubble field non-ploughing in evening, mu seeding quantity 16-20kg, input fertilizer total amount 40kg per mu: wherein purity nitrogen 16kg, phosphorus pentoxide 5kg, potassium oxide 19kg; Mid or late November allows a batch rice field, sows precocious spring wheat, mu seeding quantity 20-25kg, input fertilizer total amount 35kg per mu: wherein purity nitrogen 14kg, phosphorus pentoxide 5kg, potassium oxide 16kg;
(3) base manure is used: nitrogen in wheat basal fertilizer, potash fertilizer by total amount 65%, phosphate fertilizer is by 100% of total amount, namely mu 45% Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium 35-40kg adds 0.5kg particle zinc fertilizer, after previous crops allows stubble, before sowing, disposable holostrome applies, urea 5-7kg to be affixed by, to urge rotten straw in paddy stalk total crop return field base manure;
(4) evenly sow: bask seeds, dress seed, sow, before rice stubble field non-ploughing wheat fertilizing is after planting emerged, rotary tillage machine is selected to carry out shallowly revolving half no-tillage, trench digging according to soil moisture content should be ploughed, the dark 40cm of gutter, waist ditch depth 30cm, furrow ditch depth 20cm, furrow face width should at 1.2-1.5m, ditch cleaning before after planting emerging;
(5) management of Wheat after rice: halcyon days carries out topdress urea 10kg, potassium chloride 5kg, striking root fertilizer is imposed after spring, heavy dressing jointing is fertile, spread fertilizer over the fields without holostrome during dew on ground moistening, blade face, wheat is eared after neat fringe and is carried out preventing and treating head blight and small brown rice planthopper before 10% flowering, harvesting when wheat 100% is ripe, dries storing and sells.
Described Semi-winter wheat is poplar wheat 158 or all wheats 22; Described Late frost damage is poplar wheat 13 or poplar wheat 15.
Seed dressing is in described step (4): every 100kg seed 25% Prochloraz 80-100ml adds 35% fourth sulphur g Budweiser 100g and evenly dresses seed to water 5kg and pile vexed 3-5h, carries out dressing wheat seed.
In described step (4), sowing condition is: soil moisture 80-85%, carries out uniform broadcasting or drilling with sower before the later half no-tillage trench digging of fertilising.
The step of weeding is also carried out before imposing striking root fertilizer in described step (5).
In described step (5), striking root fertilizer mu imposes urea 5kg, promotes to tiller; Described jointing fertile fertilising opportunity: the long timing of wheat base portion first segment, when second section grows to 1cm, fertilizing amount: mu imposes 45%N-K composite fertilizer 10-15kg or urea 15kg, potassium chloride 10kg.
Weeding after ditch cleaning in described step (4), every mu with paraquat 200ml add 75% isoproturon 120g to water 45kg dragging tube type sprayer even spraying in furrow face, furrow ditch and ridge.
Wheat to be eared after neat fringe every mu of use 75% oxime bacterium before 10% flowering in described step (5). and Tebuconazole 30ml adds 20% triazolone 80g and adds 2% Avermectin 100ml and add 25% pymetrozine and add 0.2% micro-fertilizer and carry out foliar spray to water 45kg in time morning and evening, prevents and treats head blight and small brown rice planthopper.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: will be affixed by urea 5-7kg in paddy stalk total crop return field base manure of the present invention, to urge rotten straw, increases soil nutrient, improves the granular structure of soil, increase the nitrogen fixation of soil; The present invention is before rice stubble field non-ploughing wheat fertilizing is after planting emerged; rotary tillage machine is selected to carry out shallowly revolving half no-tillage, trench digging according to soil moisture content should be ploughed; the dark 40cm of gutter, waist ditch depth 30cm, furrow ditch depth 20cm; furrow face width should at 1.2-1.5m; ditch cleaning before after planting emerging; reduce water and soil loss, the harm of sandstorm of can protecting farmland, reduce.
Embodiment
For the ease of it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with specific embodiment.
In the present invention, % if no special instructions, is all weight percentage.
Embodiment 1
A kind of Wheat after rice half no-tillage machine trench digging broadcasts sowing cultivation method, comprises the following steps:
1, crop succession and wheat breed are selected
Precocious rice stubble field non-ploughing, namely allowing a batch rice field to early October by the end of September, selects plantation Semi-winter wheat as poplar wheat 158 or all wheats 22; In, late sowing japonica rice stubble in evening, mid or late October in early November, late sowing round-grained rice rice stubble field non-ploughing in evening, select plantation Late frost damage; Mid or late November allows a batch rice field, sows precocious spring wheat.
2, seeding quantity, total fertilization amount
Early October allows a batch rice field, sowing Semi-winter wheat field, mu seeding quantity 12-13kg, per mu input fertilizer total amount (containing pure amount of nutrients) 45kg: wherein purity nitrogen 18kg, phosphorus pentoxide 6kg, potassium oxide 21kg; A batch rice field is allowed, sowing spring wheat field, mu seeding quantity 16-20kg, per mu input fertilizer total amount (containing pure amount of nutrients) 40kg: wherein purity nitrogen 16kg, phosphorus pentoxide 5kg, potassium oxide 19kg at the beginning of mid or late October to 11 month; Mid or late November allows a batch rice field, sows precocious spring wheat, mu seeding quantity 20-25kg, per mu input fertilizer total amount (containing pure amount of nutrients) 35kg: wherein purity nitrogen 14kg, phosphorus pentoxide 5kg, potassium oxide 16kg.
3, base manure is used
Nitrogen in wheat basal fertilizer, potash fertilizer by total amount 65%, phosphate fertilizer is by 100% of total amount, namely mu 45% Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium 35-40kg adds 0.5kg particle zinc fertilizer, after previous crops allows stubble, before sowing, disposable fertilizer distributor holostrome applies, urea 5-7kg to be affixed by, to urge rotten straw in paddy stalk total crop return field base manure.
4, evenly sow
4.1 bask seeds
2-3 days before wheat cultivation, by sowing wheat seed at earth on the ground or be covered with on plastic sheeting for farm use place and shine 1-2 days, one is break wheat resting stage, and two is kill the surface of the seed germ, improves germination regularity and germination rate.
4.2 seed dressing
Sowing before with every 100kg seed 25% Prochloraz 80-100ml add 35% fourth sulphur g Budweiser 100g to water 5kg evenly dress seed pile vexed 3-5 hour, carry out dressing wheat seed.
4.3 " three fit " sowing
According to suitable field soil moisture content, select suitable seeding quantity, late September is to early October, use Semi-winter wheat seed, at soil moisture content suitable (), mu about seeding quantity 11-13kg, when soil overdrying or mistake wet, mu seeding quantity is increased to 15kg under soil moisture 80-85% together.Mid or late October is to early November, with Late frost damage, when soil moisture content is suitable for, mu seeding quantity 16-18kg, soil overdrying or when crossing wet seeding quantity be increased to 20kg, mid-November and after, use precocious Late frost damage, the mu seeding quantity 21-23kg when soil moisture content is suitable for, when overdrying or mistake wet, seeding quantity is increased to 25kg.Type of seeding is: in " three fit " situation, carry out uniform broadcasting or drilling with sower before the later half no-tillage trench digging of fertilising.
4.4 half no-tillage machine trench diggings
Before rice stubble field non-ploughing wheat fertilizing is after planting emerged, rotary tillage machine is selected to carry out shallowly revolving half no-tillage, trench digging according to soil moisture content should be ploughed.Method hangs three-piece with 488 large-scale rotovators: preposition group revolves cutter, middle extension ditching knife (wide 25cm, dark 25cm), rear extension drops down flat board or suppression plate carries out disposable operation, require the dark 40cm of gutter, waist ditch depth 30cm, furrow ditch depth 20cm, furrow face width should at 1.2-1.5m.
4.5 ditch cleaning
Artificial ditch cleaning to be used in time before after planting emerging, more logical " three ditches " i.e. waist ditch, furrow ditch and gutter, accomplish that " three ditches " communicates.
4.6 close down weeding
Close down weeding in time after reason ditch ditch cleaning, mu paraquat 200ml add 75% isoproturon 120g to water 45kg dragging tube type sprayer even spraying in furrow face, furrow ditch and ridge, one can kill size green grass and rice stub, and two can close weeding.
5, the management of Wheat after rice
5.1 chase after seed manure
Topdressed before winter and will carry out at halcyon days, mu imposes " cured fertilizer " urea 10kg, potassium chloride 5kg.
5.2 weeding
The plot that sealing effect is bad or location, temperature more than 15 degree before the winter, grass resemble 2 leaf phases want in time with wheat pole 20g or wheat happiness 80ml to water spray, be less than 1.5 leaves prevent and kill off when period of seedling establishment temperature goes back up to more than 15 degree after the spring if grass resemble leaf age.
5.3 impose striking root fertilizer
After spring, simultaneously, mu imposes striking root fertilizer urea 5kg to striking root herbicide, promotes to tiller.
5.4 heavy dressing jointing are fertile
When the long timing of wheat base portion first segment, when second section grows to 1cm, mu imposes 45%N-K composite fertilizer 10-15kg or urea 15kg, potassium chloride 10kg, spreads fertilizer over the fields without holostrome during dew on ground moistening, blade face.
5.5 wheats one spray four to be prevented
Attention control banded sclerotial blight and powdery mildew during wheat envelope row, agricultural measures: ditch cleaning reason water row stain, Potassium.Wheat is eared after neat fringe and is carried out preventing and treating head blight and small brown rice planthopper before 10% flowering, and mu is with 75% oxime bacterium. and Tebuconazole 30ml adds 20% triazolone 80g and adds 2% Avermectin 100ml and add 25% pymetrozine and add 0.2% micro-fertilizer and carry out foliar spray to water 45kg in time morning and evening.
5.6 wheat ripe and harvested
When wheat 100% is ripe, to gather in time time fine according to following 3-5 days weather, dry storing and sell.
Above content is only citing made for the present invention and explanation; affiliated those skilled in the art make various amendment to described specific embodiment or supplement or adopt similar mode to substitute; only otherwise depart from invention or surmount this scope as defined in the claims, protection scope of the present invention all should be belonged to.
Claims (8)
1. Wheat after rice half no-tillage machine trench digging broadcasts sowing a cultivation method, it is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
(1) crop succession and Fruit variety: by the end of September, early October precocious rice stubble field non-ploughing, select plantation Semi-winter wheat; Mid or late October in early November, late sowing round-grained rice rice stubble field non-ploughing in evening, select plantation Late frost damage; Mid or late November allows a batch rice field, sows precocious spring wheat;
(2) seeding quantity and fertilising: by the end of September early October precocious rice stubble field non-ploughing, mu seeding quantity 12-13kg, input fertilizer total amount 45kg per mu, wherein purity nitrogen 18kg, phosphorus pentoxide 6kg, potassium oxide 21kg; Mid or late October in early November, late sowing round-grained rice rice stubble field non-ploughing in evening, mu seeding quantity 16-20kg, input fertilizer total amount 40kg per mu: wherein purity nitrogen 16kg, phosphorus pentoxide 5kg, potassium oxide 19kg; Mid or late November allows a batch rice field, sows precocious spring wheat, mu seeding quantity 20-25kg, input fertilizer total amount 35kg per mu: wherein purity nitrogen 14kg, phosphorus pentoxide 5kg, potassium oxide 16kg;
(3) base manure is used: nitrogen in wheat basal fertilizer, potash fertilizer by total amount 65%, phosphate fertilizer is by 100% of total amount, namely mu 45% Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium 35-40kg adds 0.5kg particle zinc fertilizer, after previous crops allows stubble, before sowing, disposable holostrome applies, urea 5-7kg to be affixed by, to urge rotten straw in paddy stalk total crop return field base manure;
(4) evenly sow: bask seeds, dress seed, sow, before rice stubble field non-ploughing wheat fertilizing is after planting emerged, rotary tillage machine is selected to carry out shallowly revolving half no-tillage, trench digging according to soil moisture content should be ploughed, the dark 40cm of gutter, waist ditch depth 30cm, furrow ditch depth 20cm, furrow face width should at 1.2-1.5m, ditch cleaning before after planting emerging;
(5) management of Wheat after rice: halcyon days carries out topdress urea 10kg, potassium chloride 5kg, striking root fertilizer is imposed after spring, heavy dressing jointing is fertile, spread fertilizer over the fields without holostrome during dew on ground moistening, blade face, wheat is eared after neat fringe and is carried out preventing and treating head blight and small brown rice planthopper before 10% flowering, harvesting when wheat 100% is ripe, dries storing and sells.
2. Wheat after rice half no-tillage machine trench digging according to claim 1 broadcasts sowing cultivation method, and it is characterized in that, described Semi-winter wheat is poplar wheat 158 or all wheats 22; Described Late frost damage is poplar wheat 13 or poplar wheat 15.
3. Wheat after rice half no-tillage machine trench digging according to claim 1 broadcasts sowing cultivation method, it is characterized in that, seed dressing is in described step (4): every 100kg seed 25% Prochloraz 80-100ml adds 35% fourth sulphur g Budweiser 100g and evenly dresses seed to water 5kg and pile vexed 3-5h, carries out dressing wheat seed.
4. Wheat after rice half no-tillage machine trench digging according to claim 1 broadcasts sowing cultivation method, it is characterized in that, in described step (4), sowing condition is: soil moisture 80-85%, carries out uniform broadcasting or drilling with sower before the later half no-tillage trench digging of fertilising.
5. Wheat after rice half no-tillage machine trench digging according to claim 1 broadcasts sowing cultivation method, it is characterized in that, also carries out the step of weeding in described step (5) before imposing striking root fertilizer.
6. Wheat after rice half no-tillage machine trench digging according to claim 1 broadcasts sowing cultivation method, and it is characterized in that, in described step (5), striking root fertilizer mu imposes urea 5kg, promotes to tiller; Described jointing fertile fertilising opportunity: the long timing of wheat base portion first segment, when second section grows to 1cm, fertilizing amount: mu imposes 45%N-K composite fertilizer 10-15kg or urea 15kg, potassium chloride 10kg.
7. Wheat after rice half no-tillage machine trench digging according to claim 1 broadcasts sowing cultivation method, it is characterized in that, weeding after ditch cleaning in described step (4), every mu with paraquat 200ml add 75% isoproturon 120g to water 45kg dragging tube type sprayer even spraying in furrow face, furrow ditch and ridge.
8. Wheat after rice half no-tillage machine trench digging according to claim 1 broadcasts sowing cultivation method, it is characterized in that, wheat to be eared after neat fringe every mu of use 75% oxime bacterium before 10% flowering in described step (5). and Tebuconazole 30ml adds 20% triazolone 80g and adds 2% Avermectin 100ml and add 25% pymetrozine and add 0.2% micro-fertilizer and carry out foliar spray to water 45kg in time morning and evening, prevents and treats head blight and small brown rice planthopper.
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Cited By (16)
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| CN104855086A (en) * | 2015-04-24 | 2015-08-26 | 淮安市农业技术推广中心 | Cultivation method of sowing wheat following rice around winter solstice in sand and moisture soil region in northern Jiangsu |
| CN104855101A (en) * | 2015-05-19 | 2015-08-26 | 江苏省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所 | Straw turnover and wheat following rice planting method |
| CN104885833A (en) * | 2015-05-20 | 2015-09-09 | 舒城县东方粮油种植专业合作社 | Paddy field no-tillage interplant wheat planting method |
| CN105028076A (en) * | 2015-07-31 | 2015-11-11 | 河南科技大学 | Method for improving seedling rate of wheat-residue to field launching direct seeding rice |
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Cited By (19)
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| CN104855086A (en) * | 2015-04-24 | 2015-08-26 | 淮安市农业技术推广中心 | Cultivation method of sowing wheat following rice around winter solstice in sand and moisture soil region in northern Jiangsu |
| CN104855086B (en) * | 2015-04-24 | 2016-04-20 | 淮安市农业技术推广中心 | The cultivation method of husky moisture soil area, northern Suzhou halcyon days sowing Wheat after rice |
| CN104855101A (en) * | 2015-05-19 | 2015-08-26 | 江苏省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所 | Straw turnover and wheat following rice planting method |
| CN104885833A (en) * | 2015-05-20 | 2015-09-09 | 舒城县东方粮油种植专业合作社 | Paddy field no-tillage interplant wheat planting method |
| CN105028076A (en) * | 2015-07-31 | 2015-11-11 | 河南科技大学 | Method for improving seedling rate of wheat-residue to field launching direct seeding rice |
| CN106416645A (en) * | 2015-08-11 | 2017-02-22 | 汉中市农业技术推广中心 | Rice-stubble oilseed-rape no-tillage direct seeding technology |
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