CN108718960A - A method of broadcasting full stand suitable for Jiangsu Province returning total stalks into fields Wheat After Getting Rice one - Google Patents
A method of broadcasting full stand suitable for Jiangsu Province returning total stalks into fields Wheat After Getting Rice one Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of methods for broadcasting full stand suitable for Jiangsu Province returning total stalks into fields Wheat After Getting Rice one, belong to proportion of crop planting technical field.The method for broadcasting full stand suitable for Jiangsu returning total stalks into fields Wheat After Getting Rice one, this method by rice harvesting on the same day, wheat seed dress seed and uniform broadcasting is to rice field, then the harvesting of rice high-stubble, the even paving of broken grass, strength suppression are carried out again, 0.5~1cm of wheat seed indentation soil；It carries out in furrow face spreading fertilizer over the fields composite fertilizer after suppression, the soil ditched, and ditched by plough, which is spread, to be thrown in furrow face, seedling stage top dressing.Method provided by the invention ensures that wheat seed seed and soil contact soil, while soil moisture content is protected, be conducive to the early emergence of wheat seed, full stand, strong sprout purpose.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to proportion of crop planting technical fields, and in particular to one kind being suitable for Jiangsu Province returning total stalks into fields rice
The method that stubble wheat one broadcasts full stand.
Background technology
32,000,000 mu or so of the wheat planting area in Jiangsu Province, about 24,000,000 mu of the area of Wheat After Getting Rice, accounts for the gross area
75%.The Wheat After Getting Rice area that evening is broadcast, super evening is broadcast accounts for 50% or more of the whole province's Wheat After Getting Rice area.By taking Xiuqian City as an example, 2016-
2017, in the cultivated area of the Wheat After Getting Rice in the city evening broadcast the ratio that Wheat After Getting Rice occupies 70%, evening broadcasts 10 days or more Wheat After Getting Rices
Area accounts for 53%.The evening of Wheat After Getting Rice broadcasts the serious potential performance for constraining Quality Wheat and high yield, has also seriously affected wheat life
Benefit is produced, the high-quality and efficient sustainable development of rice and kernel whole year production is unfavorable for.
According to the whole province's Wheat After Getting Rice produce reality situation for many years, it is believed that had the following problems in current Wheat After Getting Rice production：
1, date of seeding, is too late, this be cause the planting benefit of wheat to decline, the fundamental issue of cost increase.Normally broadcast
Phase is in 10 months, the last ten-days period, and now the date of seeding of Wheat After Getting Rice be mid or late November to mid-December, the special time postpones till January,
Wheat evening is broadcast, super evening is broadcast and has become " normality ".It causes late to broadcast reason：High quality white rice, which generally requires rice, enough breeding times,
A large amount of kinds for selecting breeding times length need to obtain high yield to sacrifice the growth time of wheat exchanging rice enough growth periods for
With good guarantee；Soil circulates on a large scale, and rich and influential family gathers in not in time, in order to reduce the cost of harvesting drying, makes paddy in field
Between natural-dehydration, gather in again after the moisture to 14%, be directly entered circulation；After air temperature warming, often enter 11 in Jiangsu Province
After month weather becomes unstable, and rainfall increases and agricultural machinery is made the fields such as crushing by snow rice and machine often occur into not rice field
Phenomenon.
2, site preparation quality is poor.Reason：Paddy soil ecology specificity determine, compared with drought stub land, paddy soil by
In long-term waterflooding, viscosity is big and has certain water content, is not easy to be ground into fine particle；Rice straw total crop return ploughs greatly site preparation
Quality is not achieved dry land and ploughs site preparation quality standard, and the practical dosage of stalk differs too much with practical returning to the field amount, suitable for returning to the field stalk
Amount is 300 kilograms (fresh), but practical returning to the field stalk amount is more than 700 kilograms (fresh), considerably beyond straw-returning dosage；It
The probabilistic frequency of gas is higher and higher, and rainy weather increasingly becomes normality, excessive rainfall, can not carry out ploughing in time site preparation and
Site preparation quality is ploughed to be deteriorated.
3, seeding quality is poor.It is ploughed due to site preparation quality difference and rice straw full dose and applies returning to the field, Wheat After Getting Rice is caused to be not achieved one
Broadcast full stand, strong, Qi Miao seeding quality.Seeding quality difference shows the following aspects：Group is not easy to control, and the amount of broadcasting is big, broadcasts
Amount date of seeding, does not match；Seed level is inconsistent, and dew seed, deep seed phenomenon are serious；The field emergence uniformity is poor, and it is serious that ridge of breaking lacks row；Seed
It is insufficient with the compactness of soil, it is serious to hang offspring phenomenon；Field wheat seedling growth regularity is poor, and leaf age difference is excessive, leaf age difference 2
~3 leaves；Individual is not strengthened.
4, warm light water utilization rate is low before liriope minor.The requirement of wheat emergence and growth of seedling to temperature：1. temperature：Hair
The optimum temperature of bud emergence is 15-20 DEG C, and the optimum temperature of growth of seedling is 13-18 DEG C；2. soil temperature：Growth of wheat roots
Optimum temperature is 16~20 DEG C；3. humidity：Wheat seeds sprouting field optimum water capacity is 70%-75%, and growth of seedling is most suitable
Field capacity is 60%-70%.Wheat Seedling grows the requirement to illumination：Illumination abundance can promote the formation of neologism.No
It is big with kind Wheat Seedling growth variation.The reason for causing warm light water resource utilization efficiency low：It is effectively long-pending since date of seeding is postponed
Warm wretched insufficiency；Since site preparation quality is not high, there are a large amount of gaps for soil, and the difference of temperature and the soil moisture is caused to reduce,
The heat insulating ability of upper soll layer (3~5cm) declines；As date of seeding, is postponed, sunshine amount gradually decreases, by taking area in Soviet Union as an example, sunshine
When number early October, average daily 5.9 hours；Early December, average is only daily 3.4 hours, reduces 43.4%；Soil is supported
Absorption rate is divided to decline, the efficiency of water application of rice soil is low；As date of seeding is postponed, intensity of illumination is gradually reduced.
5, soil nutrient absorption rate is low.The soil moisture is low, is unfavorable for the release of soil nutrient and the suction of wheat root
It receives；Soil rotary tillage has seriously upset the original microecosystem of rice stubble soil, and is unfavorable for Tiny ecosystem since late sowing temperature is relatively low
Reparation, influence the utilization of nutrient；Returning total stalks into fields makes soil nutrient supply system lose original balance, is unfavorable for small
The wheat seeding phase utilizes the stable market supply of soil nutrient；The uncertainty of soil moisture content seriously affects Wheat Seedling and is supported to soil moisture
Point be absorbed and utilized, especially it is rotten plough rotten kind, soil moisture it is excessive, seriously affect growth of wheat roots development；Rotary tillage disturbed soil
Earth makes the soil moisture conservation of soil decline and influence Nutrient Assimilation of Wheat utilization.
Since there are problem above, agricultural experts are studied, ensure that wheat early goes out to do sth. in advance times
Seedling, full stand, strong sprout, it is proposed that various technical measures.It is one such that rice, which covers wheat cultivation technique, is also promoted in production
Using.This technology is wheat to be broadcasted sowing rice field in 7~10 days before rice harvesting, to ensure that the breeding time of wheat carries
Before.But but there are problems that in actual production, such as since rice is not received, wheat seed is in the case of shading, is not had
Sufficient Thermo-Photo sensitive is conducive to the sprouting and growth of wheat seed, causes wheat plant thin and delicate, can not form strong sprout；If encountering the moon
Rainy day gas, rice can not harvest in time, and wheat seedling is in the case of shading, and disease easily occurs；Seed floats on soil surface simultaneously,
Root is thin and delicate, absorbs less than nutrient, the later stage easily lodges.
In the prior art in order to shift to an earlier date the harvest time of wheat, the time that often wheat is sowed in rice field in advance, generally
5~7d before rice harvesting, (application No. is 201510768712.2 patent, application numbers for sowing wheat seed in rice terrace
Patent for 201710886165.8, the patent application No. is 200610096050.X, Patent No. ZL201510110588.0
Patent), while being poured water in rice field to ensure that wheat seed is normally sprouted, but wheat seed is long in the rice field time, by
Long in the shading time of stems and leaves of rice, phenomena such as easily causing poor wheat weak seedling, thin rice seedling, root system, yellow leaf, is unfavorable for obtaining complete
The wheat of robust seedling seedling.
Invention content
It is broadcast suitable for Jiangsu Province returning total stalks into fields Wheat After Getting Rice one in view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide one kind
The method of full stand is conducive to improve the full stand rate and yield of Wheat After Getting Rice using the method.
In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the present invention provides following technical scheme：
The present invention provides a kind of methods for broadcasting full stand suitable for Jiangsu Province returning total stalks into fields Wheat After Getting Rice one, including with
Lower step：
(1) wheat seed after seed dressing is broadcasted sowing into rice field；
(2) it is described broadcast sowing on the day of gather in rice, rice straw crushing is spread and is layered on rice stubble surface；
(3) it is described broadcast sowing on the day of or second day carry out field suppression, by the wheat seed be pressed into soil 0.5~
1cm, the field suppressed；
(4) it ditches after being applied fertilizer with composite fertilizer to the field of the suppression, trench digging soil is shed and is carried out in furrow face
Earthing；
(5) when the wheat seeds sprouting grows to 21 heart of leaf, urea is imposed；When wheat is grown to 41 heart of leaf, again
Impose urea；In wheat during jointing stage, composite fertilizer is imposed；In wheat booting period, using urea.
Preferably, the mass ratio of seed dressing seed dressing and wheat seed is 1 in step (1):140~160.
Preferably, when being broadcasted sowing in the step (1), wheat seed application rate is 13~17kg/ mus.
Preferably, in the step (2) when harvesting rice, the height of the rice stubble is 15~25cm.
Preferably, the length of the rice straw after being crushed in step (2) is 4~6cm.
Preferably, in the step (4) when trench digging, a bar ditch are opened every 1.8~2.2m, furrow width is 18~22cm, ditch depth
For 18~22cm.
Preferably, the thickness of earthing is 0.5~1.0cm in the step (4).
Preferably, the amount of application of each urea is 7.0~8.0kg/ mus in the step (5).
Preferably, the amount of application of composite fertilizer is 19~21kg/ mus every time in the step (4) and (5).
Preferably, the mass concentration of the composite fertilizer is 45%；N, P in the composite fertilizer2O5And K2The mass ratio of O is 15:
15:15。
The present invention provides a kind of methods for broadcasting full stand suitable for Jiangsu Province returning total stalks into fields Wheat After Getting Rice one, are in water
The same day of rice harvesting carries out wheat cultivation and is provided for wheat seeds sprouting suitable to make the date of seeding of Wheat After Getting Rice shift to an earlier date 10 days or more
The natural conditions of suitable Wen Guangshui are conducive to sprouting emergence and the full stand of wheat seed.Secondly, it is suppressed by strength, soil moisture conservation is protected
Temperature is conducive to wheat and takes root and absorb nutrient, lays the first stone for wheat early emergence, full stand and formation strong sprout.It is suppressed by strength,
Wheat seed is pressed into 0.5~1cm of soil, makes to prick under wheat root, and forms flourishing wheat root, it is small to absorb Nutrients uptake
Wheat seedling growth forms strong sprout.Method provided by the invention overcome in the prior art generally use rotary tillage soil sowing wheat when not
Suppression, soil are mixed with rice straw, are not compacted in time, and soil has gap, and have dew seed phenomenon；And wheat seed is taken root
It is not deep, arid climate is encountered, easily forms that hang root dead, full stand, strong sprout defect can not be formed.Finally, pass through fertilising, trench digging, earthing
It can make to form " cotton-wadded quilt " above wheat seed, reach heat insulation effect, not will produce low temperature freezing-disaster in winter.And after rotary tillage soil
Sowing wheat does not just form insulating layer, is easily influenced by low temperature freezing-disaster.Method provided by the invention not only overcomes rice set wheat and carries
The preceding sowing time, rainy weather can be encountered in field by not accounting for rice straw, can not be gathered in time, only wheat is in shading
Under state, the inadequate wheat seeding of sunlight grows problem thin and delicate, that root system is poor, still solves not timely town when tradition interplanting simultaneously
Pressure, causes the root system of wheat shallow, and the later stage, which can lodge, influences yield and quality, increases the problem of gathering in difficulty and cost.
Specific implementation mode
The present invention provides a kind of methods for broadcasting full stand suitable for Jiangsu Province returning total stalks into fields Wheat After Getting Rice one, including with
Lower step：
(1) wheat seed after seed dressing is broadcasted sowing into rice field；
(2) it is described broadcast sowing on the day of gather in rice, rice straw crushing is spread and is layered on rice stubble surface；
(3) it is described broadcast sowing on the day of or second day carry out field suppression, by the wheat seed be pressed into soil 0.5~
1cm, the field suppressed；
(4) it ditches after being applied fertilizer with composite fertilizer to the field of the suppression, trench digging soil is shed and is carried out in furrow face
Earthing；
(5) when the wheat seeds sprouting grows to 21 heart of leaf, urea is imposed；When wheat is grown to 41 heart of leaf, again
Impose urea；In wheat during jointing stage, composite fertilizer is imposed；In wheat booting period, using urea.
Wheat seed after seed dressing is broadcasted sowing rice field by the present invention.
In the present invention, the mass ratio of seed dressing seed dressing and wheat seed is preferably 1:140~160, more preferably 1:
150.The type of the seed dressing is not particularly limited, using seed dressing known in the art.In the embodiment of the present invention
In, preferably application No. is the seed dressings of the patent disclosure of ZL201510065840.0 for the seed dressing.The seed dressing uses
It is preceding preferably to use water dissolution seed dressing.The mass ratio of the seed dressing and water is preferably 500：200~300.The master of the seed dressing
Act on is to promote wheat seed sprouting earlier, early neat seedling, strong sprout.
In the present invention, described when broadcasting sowing, wheat seed application rate is preferably 13~17kg/ mus.The method sowed
It is preferred that using manually sowing.Described sow perfectly even is sowed in rice field.
After sowing, the present invention it is described broadcast sowing on the day of gather in rice, rice straw crushing is spread and is layered on rice stubble surface.?
In the present invention, when the harvesting rice, the highly preferred of the rice stubble is 15~25cm, more preferably 20cm.In the present invention,
The length of rice straw after crushing is preferably 4~6cm.The method of the harvesting rice is preferably using with straw millstone
Combine harvester carry out.The present invention is not special to the model of the combine harvester with straw millstone and source
Limitation, using combine harvester known in the art.The combine harvester with straw millstone will crush
Rice straw afterwards is equably sowed in rice field.
After rice straw crushing spreads and is layered on rice stubble surface, the present invention it is described broadcast sowing on the day of or carry out field town within second day
The wheat seed is pressed into 0.5~1cm of soil, the field suppressed by pressure.
In the present invention, the method for the field suppression preferably uses the suppression that tractor drives weight in 300kg or more
It carries out.The depth of the indentation soil is preferably 0.6~0.9cm, more preferably 0.7~0.8cm.The effect of the suppression is such as
Under：It is suppressed by strength, wheat seed is pressed into 0.5~1cm of soil, makes to prick under wheat root, and forms flourishing wheat root
System absorbs Nutrients uptake wheat seedling and grows to form strong sprout.
After the field suppressed, the present invention ditches after being applied fertilizer with composite fertilizer to the field of the suppression, trench digging
Soil, which is shed, carries out earthing in furrow face.
In the present invention, the amount of application of the composite fertilizer is preferably 19~21kg/ mus.The mass concentration of the composite fertilizer is excellent
It is selected as 45%；N, P in the composite fertilizer2O5And K2The mass ratio of O is preferably 15:15:15.The present invention comes the composite fertilizer
Source is not particularly limited, using composite fertilizer known in the art.
In the present invention, when the trench digging, a bar ditch are opened every 1.8~2.2m, furrow width is preferably 18~22cm, and ditch depth is excellent
It is selected as 18~22cm；A bar ditch more preferably are opened every 2.0m, furrow width is preferably 20cm, and ditch depth is preferably 20cm.The trench digging
It is preferred that being carried out using plough.The plough is preferably the plough that trench digging soil can be shed furrow face.In the present invention,
The thickness of the earthing is preferably 0.5~1.0cm, more preferably 0.7cm.On the one hand the earthing is compacted fertilizer by earthing,
The volatilization of fertilizer is reduced, rice straw and wheat seed are on the other hand compacted by earthing, play the role of heat preservation, soil moisture conservation.
After earthing, wheat seed of the present invention carries out normal germination and growth, obtains wheat full stand.When wheat seedling is grown to
When 21 heart of leaf, urea is imposed；When wheat is grown to 41 heart of leaf, urea is imposed again；In wheat during jointing stage, composite fertilizer is imposed；?
Wheat booting period, using urea.
In the present invention, when wheat seedling grows to 21 heart of leaf, the urea imposed is as seed manure.The amount of application of the urea
Preferably 7.0~8.0kg/ mus, more preferably 7.5kg/ mus.When wheat is grown to 41 heart of leaf, the urea imposed again is as flat
Weigh tillering fertilizer.The amount of application of the urea is preferably 7.0~8.0kg/ mus, more preferably 7.5kg/ mus.In wheat during jointing stage, chase after
Composite fertilizer is applied as jointing fertilizer.In wheat booting period, using urea as booting fertilizer.The amount of application of the urea is preferably 7.0
~8.0kg/ mus, more preferably 7.5kg/ mus.The present invention is not particularly limited the source of the urea, and using this field, institute is ripe
The urea known.
In the present invention, the amount of application of the composite fertilizer is preferably 19~21kg/ mus, more preferably 20kg/ mus.It is described multiple
The mass concentration in Hefei is preferably 45%；N, P in the composite fertilizer2O5And K2The mass ratio of O is preferably 15:15:15.The present invention
The source of the composite fertilizer is not particularly limited, using composite fertilizer known in the art.
One kind provided by the invention is broadcast suitable for Jiangsu Province returning total stalks into fields Wheat After Getting Rice one with reference to embodiment
The method of full stand is described in detail, but they cannot be interpreted as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
(1) dressed seed first with promoting the wheat seed dressing agent early sent out of wheat, first use 0.2kg water dissolution seed dressings, then into
(ratio of seed dressing and grain weight is 1 for row seed dressing:150), the seed dressing artificial uniform broadcasting of half an hour after is used to rice field, wheat
Kind amount is 15kg/ mus.
(2) rice, height for the stubble left 20cm, rice straw are gathered in using the combine harvester high-stubble with straw millstone
Stalk crushes, and length about 5cm, the rice straw after crushing is uniformly spread by combine harvester is layered on soil surface.
(3) by tractor drive weight 300kg or more press wheel on the day of or second day carry out field suppression,
Wheat seed is pressed into 0.5~1cm of soil preferably.
(4) it applies fertilizer：By 45% (N after suppression:P2O5:K2O=15:15:15) composite fertilizer even spreads fertilizer over the fields so that 20kg/ is per mu
Field.
(5) it ditches：It is ditched using the plough that trench digging soil can be shed furrow face.One is opened every 2m in field
Ditch, furrow width 20cm, ditch depth 20cm, when trench digging, which sheds soil by plough, carries out earthing in furrow face, on the one hand by covering
Soil pressure reality fertilizer, reduces the volatilization of fertilizer, is on the other hand compacted rice straw and wheat seed by earthing, plays heat preservation, protects
The effect of moisture in the soil.
(6) top dressing：Urea 7.5kg, which is imposed, in 2 leaf of wheat, 1 heart makees seed manure；Urea 7.5kg is imposed in 4 leaf of wheat, 1 heart to put down
Weigh tillering fertilizer；20kg45% (N are imposed in wheat during jointing stage:P2O5:K2O=15:15:15) composite fertilizer makees jointing fertilizer；It is pregnant in wheat
Ear period makees booting fertilizer using urea 7.5kg.
Embodiment 2
(1) dressed seed first with promoting the wheat seed dressing agent early sent out of wheat, first use 0.3kg water dissolution seed dressings, then into
(ratio of seed dressing and grain weight is 1 for row seed dressing:160), the seed dressing artificial uniform broadcasting of half an hour after is used to rice field, wheat
Kind amount is 18kg/ mus.
(2) rice, height for the stubble left 25cm, rice straw are gathered in using the combine harvester high-stubble with straw millstone
Stalk crushes, and length about 6cm, the rice straw after crushing is uniformly spread by combine harvester is layered on soil surface.
(3) by tractor drive weight 300kg or more press wheel on the day of or second day carry out field suppression,
Wheat seed is pressed into 0.5~1cm of soil preferably.
(4) it applies fertilizer：By 45% (N after suppression:P2O5:K2O=15:15:15) composite fertilizer even spreads fertilizer over the fields so that 25kg/ is per mu
Field.
(5) it ditches：It is ditched using the plough that trench digging soil can be shed furrow face.One is opened every 2.2m in field
Bar ditch, furrow width 22cm, ditch depth 22cm, when trench digging, which sheds soil by plough, carries out earthing in furrow face, on the one hand pass through
Earthing is compacted fertilizer, reduces the volatilization of fertilizer, is on the other hand compacted rice straw and wheat seed by earthing, play heat preservation,
The effect of soil moisture conservation.
(6) top dressing：Urea 8.0kg, which is imposed, in 2 leaf of wheat, 1 heart makees seed manure；Urea 8.0kg is imposed in 4 leaf of wheat, 1 heart to put down
Weigh tillering fertilizer；22kg45% (N are imposed in wheat during jointing stage:P2O5:K2O=15:15:15) composite fertilizer makees jointing fertilizer；It is pregnant in wheat
Ear period makees booting fertilizer using urea 8.0kg.
Embodiment 3
(1) dressed seed first with promoting the wheat seed dressing agent early sent out of wheat, first use 0.25kg water dissolution seed dressings, then into
(ratio of seed dressing and grain weight is 1 for row seed dressing:140), the seed dressing artificial uniform broadcasting of half an hour after is used to rice field, wheat
Kind amount is 14kg/ mus.
(2) rice, height for the stubble left 18cm, rice straw are gathered in using the combine harvester high-stubble with straw millstone
Stalk crushes, and length about 4cm, the rice straw after crushing is uniformly spread by combine harvester is layered on soil surface.
(3) by tractor drive weight 300kg or more press wheel on the day of or second day carry out field suppression,
Wheat seed is pressed into 0.5~1cm of soil preferably.
(4) it applies fertilizer：By 45% (N after suppression:P2O5:K2O=15:15:15) composite fertilizer even spreads fertilizer over the fields so that 18kg/ is per mu
Field.
(5) it ditches：It is ditched using the plough that trench digging soil can be shed furrow face.One is opened every 1.8m in field
Bar ditch, furrow width 18cm, ditch depth 18cm, when trench digging, which sheds soil by plough, carries out earthing in furrow face, on the one hand pass through
Earthing is compacted fertilizer, reduces the volatilization of fertilizer, is on the other hand compacted rice straw and wheat seed by earthing, play heat preservation,
The effect of soil moisture conservation.
(6) top dressing：Urea 7.0kg, which is imposed, in 2 leaf of wheat, 1 heart makees seed manure；Urea 7.0kg is imposed in 4 leaf of wheat, 1 heart to put down
Weigh tillering fertilizer；45% (N of 18kg are imposed in wheat during jointing stage:P2O5:K2O=15:15:15) composite fertilizer makees jointing fertilizer；In wheat
Boot stage makees booting fertilizer using urea 7.5kg.
Comparative example 1
Wheat breed is in the same manner as in Example 1, is Huaihe River wheat 33, and difference is to plough deeply dirlling by seeder after rotary tillage.Rice in
On October 21st, 2016 is gathered in using the combine harvester with grinding device, the high 10~15cm of toothing.Due to encountering the moon
Rainy day gas can not be ploughed deeply rotary tillage in time, until November 5 was ploughed deeply, rice straw is ploughed under in soil, and November 8 spread
Apply 45% composite fertilizer 20kg/ mus, 10kg/ mus of urea make base manure, rotary tillage after broadcast application, after rotary tillage using the type of seeding of dirlling by seeder into
Row sowing, application rate are 22.5kg/ mus, suppress, ditch, earthing after broadcasting；Balance tillering fertilizer applies 7.5kg/ mus of urea, and jointing fertilizer is spread
45% composite fertilizer 20kg/ mus is applied, 7.5kg/ mus of booting fertilizer urea.
Comparative example 2
Wheat breed is in the same manner as in Example 1, is Huaihe River wheat 33, and difference is Drilling with zero-tilling machine.Rice was in 2016
October 21 was gathered in using the combine harvester with grinding device, the high 10-15cm of toothing.Due to encountering rainy weather,
There is no sowing in time.Dirlling by seeder was carried out November 8, application rate is 22.5kg/ mus, suppresses, ditches, earthing after broadcasting；Before sowing
Spread fertilizer over the fields 45% composite fertilizer of 20kg/ mus, 10kg/ mus of urea makees base manure, balance tillering fertilizer spread fertilizer over the fields 7.5kg/ mus of urea, jointing fertilizer is spread fertilizer over the fields
45% composite fertilizer 20kg/ mus, booting fertilizer spreads fertilizer over the fields 7.5kg/ mus of urea.
Three processing, each 3 mu of processing, three repeat.Experiment investigation content is emergence date, Basic Seedling, number of productive ear, fringe
Grain number, mass of 1000 kernel and yield, the results are shown in Table 1.
Influence of 1 Different sowing ways of table to Wheat After Getting Rice emergence situation and yield
Conclusion：By comparing discovery, embodiment example 1 and plough deeply rotary tillage dirlling by seeder (comparative example 1), Drilling with zero-tilling machine (comparison
Example 2) wheat compares, significantly decreases in application rate, and 15kg/ mus are reduced to by 22.5kg/ mus, reduces by 7.5kg/ mus of wheat
Seed；On fertilizer application amount, composite fertilizer's consumption is identical, and urea reduces 2.5kg/ mus, and mainly base manure is reduced；It is real on the seeding stage
Apply example 1 be broadcast after 8 days emerge, plough deeply rotary tillage, no-tillage dirlling by seeder wheat be broadcast after 14 talent emergence, be exactly from the point of view of breeding time
25 days are advanced by, wherein；On Basic Seedling, 0.8 ten thousand/mu, 0.4 ten thousand/mu are increased separately；On spike number per acre, 2.3 are increased separately
Ten thousand fringes/mu, 4.8 ten thousand fringes/mu；On grain number per spike, 0.2,1.6 is increased separately；On theoretical yield, yield increases separately
32.8kg/ mus, 66.2kg/ mus.
Embodiment 2 is compared with ploughing deeply rotary tillage dirlling by seeder (comparative example 1), Drilling with zero-tilling machine (comparative example 2) wheat, in application rate
On significantly decrease, be reduced to 18kg/ mus by 22.5kg/ mus, reduce by 4.5kg/ mus of wheat seed；It is compound on fertilizer application amount
Fertile dosage is identical, and urea reduces 2.5kg/ mus, and mainly base manure is reduced；On the seeding stage, example 2 is to emerge for 8 days after broadcasting, and is ploughed deeply
Rotary tillage, no-tillage dirlling by seeder wheat are 14 talent's emergences after broadcasting, from the point of view of breeding time be exactly be advanced by 25 days, wherein；Basic
Miao Shang increases separately 2.1 ten thousand/mu, 1.7 ten thousand/mu；On spike number per acre, 3.7 ten thousand fringes/mu, 6.2 ten thousand fringes/mu are increased separately；?
On grain number per spike, 0.1,1.5 is increased separately；On theoretical yield, yield increases separately 25.5kg/ mus, 58.9kg/ mus.
Embodiment 3 is compared with ploughing deeply rotary tillage dirlling by seeder (comparative example 1), Drilling with zero-tilling machine (comparative example 2) wheat, in application rate
On significantly decrease, be reduced to 14kg/ mus by 22.5kg/ mus, reduce by 8.5kg/ mus of wheat seed；It is compound on fertilizer application amount
Fertile dosage is identical, and urea reduces 2.5kg/ mus, and mainly base manure is reduced；On the seeding stage, example 3 is to emerge for 8 days after broadcasting, and is ploughed deeply
Rotary tillage, no-tillage dirlling by seeder wheat are 14 talent's emergences after broadcasting, from the point of view of breeding time be exactly be advanced by 25 days, wherein；Basic
Miao Shang increases separately 0.7 ten thousand/mu, 0.3 ten thousand/mu；On spike number per acre, 1.5 ten thousand fringes/mu, 4.0 ten thousand fringes/mu are increased separately；?
On grain number per spike, 0.4,1.8 is increased separately；On theoretical yield, yield increases separately 27.3kg/ mus, 60.7kg/ mus.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for the ordinary skill people of the art
For member, various improvements and modifications may be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, these improvements and modifications are also answered
It is considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of method for broadcasting full stand suitable for Jiangsu Province returning total stalks into fields Wheat After Getting Rice one, which is characterized in that including following
Step：
(1) wheat seed after seed dressing is broadcasted sowing into rice field；
(2) it is described broadcast sowing on the day of gather in rice, rice straw crushing is spread and is layered on rice stubble surface；
(3) it is described broadcast sowing on the day of or second day carry out field suppression, by the wheat seed be pressed into 0.5~1cm of soil, obtain
To the field of suppression；
(4) it ditches after being applied fertilizer with composite fertilizer to the field of the suppression, trench digging soil is shed and carries out earthing in furrow face；
(5) when the wheat seeds sprouting grows to 21 heart of leaf, urea is imposed；When wheat is grown to 41 heart of leaf, impose again
Urea；In wheat during jointing stage, composite fertilizer is imposed；In wheat booting period, using urea.
2. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the matter of step (1) middle seed dressing seed dressing and wheat seed
Amount is than being 1:140~160.
3. according to the method described in claim 2, it is characterized in that, when being broadcasted sowing in the step (1), wheat seed application rate is
13~17kg/ mus.
4. according to the method described in claim 3, it is characterized in that, the step (2) in harvesting rice when, the height of the rice stubble
Degree is 15~25cm.
5. according to the method described in claim 4, it is characterized in that, step (2) in crush after rice straw length be 4~
6cm。
6. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, being opened every 1.8~2.2m when trench digging in the step (4)
One bar ditch, furrow width are 18~22cm, and ditch depth is 18~22cm.
7. according to the method described in claim 6, it is characterized in that, the thickness of earthing is 0.5~1.0cm in the step (4).
8. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, in the step (5) each urea amount of application be 7.0~
8.0kg/ mu.
9. the method according to the description of claim 7 is characterized in that in the step (4) and (5) each composite fertilizer amount of application
It is 19~21kg/ mus.
10. according to claim 1~9 any one the method, which is characterized in that the mass concentration of the composite fertilizer is
45%；N, P in the composite fertilizer2O5And K2The mass ratio of O is 15:15:15.
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