CN104284791A - 电动汽车 - Google Patents

电动汽车 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104284791A
CN104284791A CN201280073060.5A CN201280073060A CN104284791A CN 104284791 A CN104284791 A CN 104284791A CN 201280073060 A CN201280073060 A CN 201280073060A CN 104284791 A CN104284791 A CN 104284791A
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inverter
drive system
vehicle
electrical motor
bracket
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CN104284791B (zh
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坂本优亮
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Toyota Motor Corp
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Toyota Motor Corp
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K1/04—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/40—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the assembly or relative disposition of components
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    • B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
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    • Y10S903/903—Prime movers comprising electrical and internal combustion motors having energy storing means, e.g. battery, capacitor
    • Y10S903/951—Assembly or relative location of components

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Arrangement Or Mounting Of Propulsion Units For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

本说明书提供一种将配置在前舱内的逆变器与电动机连接的电力电缆在碰撞时不易断裂的结构。在混合动力车(100)中，使用前托架(12)和后托架(13)而将逆变器(5)设有间隙地固定于动力传动系统(2)的上部。前托架(12)将逆变器(5)的前表面与动力传动系统(2)连结。后托架(13)将逆变器(5)的后表面与动力传动系统(2)连结。在此，逆变器(5)的前表面相当于朝向车辆的前方的侧面。在车辆发生了碰撞时，逆变器(5)由于前托架(12)和后托架(13)而向后下方移动，与动力传动系统(2)的距离缩短。因而，电力电缆(22)不易断裂。

Description

电动汽车
技术领域
本说明书公开的技术涉及电动汽车。本说明书中的电动汽车包括具备电动机和发动机这两者的混合动力车或燃料电池车。
背景技术
电动汽车具备车轮驱动用的电动机和向该电动机供给电力的逆变器。车轮驱动用的电动机的额定功率大，从逆变器向电动机供给大电流。因而，优选将逆变器配置在电动机的附近，缩短将逆变器与电动机连接的电缆(以下，称为“电力电缆”)。例如，在日本特开2004-328870号公报(专利文献1)中提出为了缩短电力电缆而将逆变器固定在电动机的后部或上部的方案。
为了将逆变器配置在电动机的附近，而将电动机和逆变器收纳在发动机室内。在大多数的汽车中，发动机室位于车辆的前方。车辆前方的发动机室有时被称为前舱。在本说明书中，以下，将位于车辆前方的发动机室也称为“前舱”。配置于前舱的器件在车辆发生了碰撞时可能会受到损害。在受到损害的情况下，若电力电缆不断裂，则就有可能行驶。因而，希望一种即使在车辆发生了碰撞的情况下而电力电缆不易断裂的结构。
碰撞时的电力电缆断裂的原因之一是由于碰撞的冲击而电动机或逆变器后退，它们的距离扩大。因此，在日本特开2006-088871号公报(专利文献2)中公开了在碰撞时电动机与逆变器之间的距离不易扩大的结构的一例。专利文献2公开的技术如下所述。逆变器固定在前舱的侧梁上。电动机固定在侧梁之下的悬架梁上。需要说明的是，侧梁和悬架梁相当于车身的框架。侧梁和悬架梁均被制作成在车辆碰撞时向车身下方折弯。通过侧梁和悬架梁向相同方向折弯，防止逆变器与电动机的相对位置较大地变化，降低电力电缆发生断裂的可能性。
发明内容
专利文献2的技术将逆变器和电动机固定在不同的梁(侧梁和悬架梁)上。在碰撞时，若侧梁的变形与悬架的变形不同，则逆变器与电动机之间的距离扩大，电力电缆可能会断裂。而且，专利文献2的技术必须分别决定逆变器的固定位置和电动机的固定位置。因此，设计的灵活性小。本说明书利用与专利文献2不同的方法，提供一种在碰撞时电力电缆不易断裂的结构。
本说明书公开的技术涉及电动汽车的前舱内的动力传动系统和向电动机供给交流电力的逆变器的配置。动力传动系统是收纳有车轮驱动用的电动机的结构体。本说明书公开的技术使用前托架和后托架将逆变器设有间隙地固定在动力传动系统的上部。前托架将逆变器的前表面与动力传动系统连结。后托架将逆变器的后表面与动力传动系统连结。在此，逆变器的前表面相当于朝向车辆的前方的侧面。逆变器的后表面相当于朝向车辆的后方的侧面。电力电缆是配线在逆变器与动力传动系统之间的电缆，通过该电缆从逆变器向电动机供给电力。
根据上述的结构，当车辆发生碰撞而逆变器在其前表面受到冲击时，前后的托架发生变形，逆变器后退且向间隙沉入。前后的托架的变形对冲击进行缓和，并且逆变器与动力传动系统靠近。因而，根据上述的结构，电力电缆断裂的可能性小。
作为上述的结构的进一步的改良，优选的是，在从车辆横向观察时，前托架在动力传动系统侧的固定部位与逆变器侧的固定部位之间波状起伏。通过前托架波状起伏，在从前方受到冲击时，逆变器的前部的可移动距离变长。因而，能够吸收更多的冲击。
需要说明的是，前述的专利文献1公开了使用托架将逆变器固定于电动机之上的技术。然而，在专利文献1的技术中，逆变器在其中央正下方固定于电动机。因而，当从逆变器的前方施加冲击时，托架弯折而逆变器从电动机脱落的可能性高。本说明书公开的上述的结构通过托架将逆变器的前后固定，因此托架弯折而逆变器脱落的可能性小。而且，在专利文献1公开的结构中，电力电缆从逆变器的后表面延伸，在专利文献2公开的结构中，电力电缆从逆变器的前表面延伸。在电力电缆从逆变器的后表面延伸的情况下，在碰撞时，逆变器后退时，电力电缆可能会被夹在逆变器与其他的器件之间而断裂。在电力电缆从逆变器的前表面延伸的情况下，在碰撞时，电力电缆可能会被夹在逆变器的前方的器件与逆变器之间而断裂。
本说明书公开的技术的详情及进一步的改良通过发明的实施方式来说明。
附图说明
图1是表示实施例的混合动力车的前舱内的器件配置的立体图。
图2是表示前舱内的器件配置的俯视图。
图3是动力传动系统和固定在该动力传动系统的上部的逆变器的侧视图。
图4是在动力传动系统的上部固定的逆变器的主视图。
图5是在动力传动系统的上部固定的逆变器的后视图。
图6是保护器附近的放大主视图。
具体实施方式
参照附图，说明实施例的电动汽车。实施例的电动汽车是具备车轮驱动用的电动机和发动机的混合动力车。图1和图2示出混合动力车100的前舱94内的器件布局。图1是前舱94的立体图，图2是俯视图。需要说明的是，应注意的是，图1、图2将前舱内的器件的形状进行了简化表示。而且，图中的x轴对应于车辆前方，y轴对应于车辆的横向，z轴对应于车辆的上方。
搭载在前舱94内的主要的器件是发动机97、动力传动系统2、副蓄电池6、散热器96、向电动机3供给交流电力的逆变器5。此外，符号92表示继电器箱，符号93表示空调机的压缩器。对车轮进行驱动的第一电动机3及第二电动机4、将电动机和发动机的输出转矩放大的传动装置、及差动装置收纳于动力传动系统2。因此，应注意的是，在图1、2中，电动机3、4无法直接看到。
发动机97和动力传动系统2固定于构成底盘的框架的侧框架95(侧梁)上。散热器96固定于构成框架的一部分的前框架98(前保险杠加强件)。车辆的车身90也支承于侧框架95和前框架98。
正如众所周知那样，混合动力车根据状况而将发动机97与电动机3、4切换使用。在需要大的驱动力时，将发动机97和2个电动机3、4作为驱动源同时使用。若不是这样，则至少一方的电动机被使用作为产生电力的发电机。动力传动系统2的内部的传动装置将发动机97的输出与电动机3、4的输出切换，或者将两者相加而向差动装置传递。传动装置有时将发动机97的驱动力的一部分向电动机3或4传递。这种情况下，电动机通过发动机的驱动力而进行发电。即，2个电动机3、4的至少一方也作为发电机发挥功能。动力传动系统2有时也被称为动力传动系、或变速驱动桥。关于动力传动系统2的详细的结构，省略说明。电动机3、4有时将制动时的减速能量(再生能量)转换成电能。
动力传动系统2如后述那样是通称为多轴型的混合动力用变速驱动桥。该动力传动系统2内置有2个电动机(或电动发电机)和差动齿轮。2个电动机的主轴与差动装置的轴平行地延伸。而且，动力传动系统2的上表面前倾。在该前倾上表面上固定有逆变器5。逆变器5通过前托架12和后托架13而在与动力传动系统2的上表面之间具有间隙地被固定。在逆变器5的车辆横向的侧面安装有向电动机供给电力的电缆(电力电缆)的连接器21。混合动力车100具备3相驱动的2个电动机3、4，因此6根(UVW×2组)电力电缆从逆变器5延伸。
副蓄电池6位于逆变器5的左前方。副蓄电池6向车辆音频设备或室内灯等小功率的器件供给电力。需要说明的是，虽然图示省略，但是车轮驱动用的电动机3、4用的高输出的主蓄电池收纳在后部座椅之下或后舱内。
在与副蓄电池6相对的逆变器5的左上角部安装有角部保护器14。在碰撞时，障碍物与副蓄电池6发生碰撞，副蓄电池6存在朝向逆变器5后退的可能性。在碰撞时，角部保护器14将逆变器5从副蓄电池6进行保护。
副蓄电池6通过安装配件15和橡胶带31而固定于侧框架95。安装配件15将副蓄电池6的侧方和上方包围，在其前端的钩15a上钩挂从下方延伸的橡胶带31而将副蓄电池6固定。虽然详情后述，但是在碰撞时，在副蓄电池6后退时，为了保护电力电缆免于受到钩15a的影响，使保护器12p从前托架12向侧方延伸。
对逆变器5的固定结构进行详细说明。图3示出动力传动系统2和固定在该动力传动系统2的上部的逆变器5的侧视图。图4和图5示出在动力传动系统2的上部固定的逆变器5的主视图和后视图。需要说明的是，为了有助于理解，应注意的是，在图3中，省略了保护器12p的图示。如前述那样，动力传动系统2是多轴型，2个电动机3、4的主轴2a、2b和差动装置的轴2c沿车辆横向平行地延伸。动力传动系统2的上表面前倾。通过前托架12和后托架13而将逆变器5固定在该前倾上表面。前托架12和后托架13例如由铁制作。前托架12将逆变器5的前表面固定，后托架13将逆变器5的后表面固定。逆变器5也前倾地固定。前托架12的动力传动系统侧的左右2个固定部位由螺栓25c固定，逆变器侧的左右2部位的固定部位由螺栓25a固定。后托架13的动力传动系统侧的左右2个固定部位由螺栓25d固定，逆变器侧的左右2部位的固定部位由螺栓25b固定。如图3的假想线所示，将逆变器5固定的螺栓25a、螺栓25b以沿着车辆的前后方向的方式延伸。需要说明的是，“朝向车辆的前后方向”只要是大致沿着车辆的前后方向即可。螺栓25a、25b严格来说以与逆变器5的前倾角度相同的角度拧入逆变器5。
在图3中，如符号12a所示，在从车辆侧方观察时，前托架12在动力传动系统侧的固定部位与逆变器侧的固定部位之间波状起伏。
在逆变器5的车辆横向的侧面安装有电力电缆22的一方侧的连接器21。电力电缆22的另一方的连接器23安装在动力传动系统2的倾斜上表面。连接器23位于逆变器5的正下方。换言之，用于向电动机3、4供给电力的电力电缆22从逆变器5的车辆横向侧面伸出，与动力传动系统2的上表面相连。
在动力传动系统2的上表面与逆变器5的下表面之间设有间隙G。前托架12、后托架13及间隙G的结构能降低在车辆发生了碰撞时电力电缆22发生断裂的可能性。图3的符号F表示在车辆发生了碰撞时向逆变器5施加的冲击。符号F表示的冲击施加于逆变器5的前方时，前托架12和后托架13向后方躺倒，逆变器5后退并向间隙G沉入。即，逆变器5当从前方受到冲击时，向后下方移动。图4的箭头A表示逆变器5的移动。前托架12和后托架13的变形、逆变器5的移动缓和冲击力。而且，当逆变器5向箭头A所示的方向移动时，逆变器5靠近动力传动系统2的上表面。即，连接器21与连接器23之间的距离变近。因而，在碰撞时，电力电缆22断裂的可能性小。
另外，如图3的符号12a所示，前托架12在从车辆侧方观察时波状起伏。在车辆发生了碰撞时，波状起伏的弯曲部分延伸，逆变器5的前部能够移动的距离变长。若逆变器5的移动距离变长，则能够进一步缓和碰撞的冲击。前托架12的波状起伏的部位12a也有助于缓和碰撞的冲击。
前托架12具有向侧方延伸的保护器12p。参照图6，说明保护器12p的功能。图6是逆变器5的一部分和副蓄电池6的从前方观察到的图。如前述那样，副蓄电池6通过安装配件15和橡胶带31而固定于侧梁95。安装配件15的前端弯曲，构成钩15a。在该钩15a上钩挂从侧梁95延伸的橡胶带31，从而将副蓄电池6固定。
如图6所示，从车辆前方观察时，保护器12p以与钩15a重叠的方式设置(也参照图2)。而且，钩15a位于保护器12p的前方，电力电缆22位于保护器12p的后方。即，保护器12p在车辆的前后方向上位于钩15a与电力电缆22之间。在车辆发生了碰撞时，障碍物与副蓄电池6碰撞，副蓄电池6存在后退的可能性。这种情况下，假设没有保护器12p时，钩15a朝向电力电缆22后退，存在将电力电缆22切断的可能性。位于钩15a与电力电缆22之间的保护器12p保护电力电缆22免于受到钩15a的影响。
实施例的混合动力车100的特征如以下所述。动力传动系统2的上表面前倾。逆变器5通过前托架12和后托架13而具有间隙G地固定在动力传动系统2的上部。向电动机3、4供给电力的电力电缆22从逆变器5的车辆横向的侧面延伸至动力传动系统2的上表面。逆变器5在前倾位置固定于动力传动系统2的上表面。逆变器5在下方具有间隙G地固定在前倾位置，因此当从前方受到冲击时，前托架12/后托架13变形，逆变器5后退并向间隙G沉入。换言之，在混合动力车100发生了碰撞时，为了避免电力电缆22发生断裂，前托架12和后托架13对于逆变器5容许朝向动力传动系统2的稍微移动。因而，冲击得以缓和。而且，由于逆变器5向间隙G沉入，而逆变器5与动力传动系统2之间的距离缩短。因而，即便车辆碰撞且障碍物从逆变器5的前表面发生碰撞，电力电缆22发生断裂的可能性也小。
在混合动力车100中，在从横向观察车辆时，前托架12在动力传动系统2侧的固定部位与逆变器5侧的固定部位之间进行波状起伏(图3的符号12a所示的部分)。当车辆碰撞且障碍物从逆变器5的前表面碰撞时，波状起伏的部分12a延伸。前托架12的变形量增大，冲击力更加得以缓和。
另外，逆变器5前倾。因而，在障碍物与逆变器5的前表面发生了碰撞时，逆变器5朝向动力传动系统2移动的可能性高。这种情况也会有助于电力电缆22不断裂。
前托架12与逆变器5的前表面、及后托架13与逆变器5的后表面由螺栓25a、25b固定。螺栓25a、25b大致沿车辆的前后方向延伸。更严格来说，螺栓25a、25b以与逆变器5的倾斜角相同的角度延伸。通过这样的结构，在车辆发生了碰撞时，向螺栓施加大的剪切力的可能小。因而，在车辆发生了碰撞时，螺栓25a、25b断裂的可能性小。即，在碰撞时，前/后托架脱落的可能性小。
向电动机3、4供给电力的电力电缆22从逆变器5的横向的侧面延伸。为了保护该电力电缆22，保护器12p从前托架12的侧方延伸至电力电缆22与配件前端的钩15a之间。从车辆的前方观察时，保护器12p与将副蓄电池6固定的配件的前端(钩15a)重叠(图6)。若在车辆发生了碰撞时安装配件15与副蓄电池6一起后退，则配件的前端(钩15a)可能钩挂电力电缆22而使电力电缆22断裂。保护器12p对电力电缆22进行保护，避免配件前端的钩15a造成的断裂。需要说明的是，保护器12p是前托架12的一部分。
在从车辆横向观察时，前托架12在中途波状起伏。波状起伏的部位(图3的符号12a所示的区域)能够延长因冲击而逆变器5可移动的距离。这一点也有助于降低施加给逆变器5的冲击。
另外，电力电缆22从逆变器5的侧面伸出，与动力传动系统2的上表面相连。这样的结构在车辆碰撞而逆变器5移动的情况下，也能保护电力电缆22免受断裂。
实施例的电动汽车是具备电动机和发动机的混合动力车。本说明书公开的技术也可以应用于不具备发动机的电动汽车。而且，本说明书公开的技术也适合应用于燃料电池车。这种情况下，主蓄电池相当于燃料电池。
对于本发明的代表性且非限定性的具体例，参照附图详细地进行了说明。该详细的说明仅仅旨在将用于实施本发明的优选的例子的详情向本领域技术人员示出，并不限定本发明的范围。而且，为了提供进一步改善的电动汽车，公开的追加性的特征以及发明可以与其他的特征或发明分开或一起使用。
另外，上述的详细的说明中公开的特征或工序的组合在最广义下不是实施本发明时必须的，仅是为了特别说明本发明的代表性的具体例而记载的。而且，上述的代表性的具体例的各种特征、以及独立及从属权利要求记载的各种特征在提供本发明的追加且有用的实施方式时，并不是必须如在此记载的具体例那样或如列举的顺序那样组合。
本说明书及/或权利要求书记载的全部的特征与实施例及/或权利要求书记载的特征的结构不同，作为对申请当初的公开及权利要求书记载的特定事项的限定，个别且相互独立地公开。而且，关于全部的数值范围及组或集团的记载作为对申请当初的公开及权利要求书记载的特定事项的限定，具有公开它们的中间的结构的意图。
以上，虽然详细说明了本发明的具体例，但它们只不过是示例，并不限定权利要求的范围。权利要求书记载的技术包含以上例示的具体例进行了各种变形、变更的情况。而且，本说明书或附图中说明的技术要素是单独或通过各种组合来发挥技术有用性的要素，并不限定为申请时权利要求项记载的组合。而且，本说明书或附图中例示的技术是同时实现多个目的的技术，实现其中的一个目的的情况自身具有技术有用性。

Claims (6)

1.一种电动汽车，其特征在于，具备：
动力传动系统，配置在车辆的前舱内，收纳有车轮驱动用的电动机；以及
逆变器，向所述电动机供给交流电力，
逆变器通过前托架和后托架而具有间隙地固定于动力传动系统的上部，
前托架将逆变器的前表面与动力传动系统连结，
后托架将逆变器的后表面与动力传动系统连结。
2.根据权利要求1所述的电动汽车，其特征在于，
在从车辆横向观察时，前托架在动力传动系统侧的固定部位与逆变器侧的固定部位之间波状起伏。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的电动汽车，其特征在于，
前托架与逆变器的前表面、及后托架与逆变器的后表面通过螺栓而固定，所述螺栓沿着车辆前后方向延伸。
4.根据权利要求1～3中任一项所述的电动汽车，其特征在于，
向电动机供给电力的电力电缆从逆变器的横向的侧面延伸。
5.根据权利要求4所述的电动汽车，其特征在于，
对电力电缆进行保护的保护器从前托架向电力电缆的前方延伸。
6.根据权利要求5所述的电动汽车，其特征在于，
所述电动汽车还具备配置在前舱内的蓄电池，
在从车辆前方观察时，固定所述蓄电池的配件的前端与所述保护器重叠。
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