CN104163739A - Special fertilizer for flue-cured tobaccos in alkalescent tobacco-planting soil as well as preparation method and application of special fertilizer - Google Patents
Special fertilizer for flue-cured tobaccos in alkalescent tobacco-planting soil as well as preparation method and application of special fertilizer Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a special fertilizer for flue-cured tobaccos in alkalescent tobacco-planting soil as well as a preparation method and an application of the special fertilizer. The special fertilizer comprises acidic organic/inorganic potash fertilizers, acid compound fertilizers and acid biological organic fertilizers. The invention discloses a preparation method of the special fertilizer for flue-cured tobaccos in alkalescent tobacco-planting soil. In the preparation method, the proportion of citric acid is the most important factor in the preparation method. Meanwhile, the invention further discloses a matched application method of three types of fertilizers contained in the prepared special fertilizer for flue-cured tobaccos in alkalescent tobacco-planting soil, wherein the effectiveness of potash nutrients and organic nutrients in the soil can be improved by applying the three types of fertilizers into the soil in a matching manner, i.e., the utilization rate of the potash nutrients is improved above 10%, and the content of potash in the tobaccos is improved above 25%. Meanwhile, the special fertilizer realizes time saving and labor saving and is convenient and low in cost, i.e., the fertilizer applying frequency and the usage amount of chemical fertilizers during the cultivation of the flue-cured tobaccos are reduced, so that the labor cost is reduced, and the planting cost of the flue-cured tobaccos is lowered. As a result, the planting benefit of tobacco growers is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to chemical fertilizer preparation field, in particular a kind of slight alkalinity tobacco-growing soil special fertilizer for tobacco material and its preparation method and application.
Background technology
Potassium is one of important element affecting quality of tobacco, can promote that in tobacco leaf, the material relevant with quality such as carbohydrate, aromatics synthesizes and accumulation, thereby affect fragrance matter and the perfume quantity of flue-cured tobacco, incendivity is held firepower with glowing, the yellow degree that falls and baking difficulty or ease, the suitable tonality of tobacco leaf and tobacco leaf amount, and the drought resisting in process of growth and resistance against diseases.Leymonie and efourneaud propose the minimum potassium content of sound tobacco should reach 2%, the potassium content of tobacco leaf of the state such as the U.S., Zimbabwe is mostly more than 2.5%, and tobacco leaf middle and upper part, Guangyuan potassium content in tobacco leaf is well below 2%, the tobacco that lower potassium content of tobacco leaf is perplexing Guangyuan City always produces, and becomes one of key constraints of further raising quality of tobacco.
The potassium nutrition of flue-cured tobacco comprises soil system and cigarette strain body-internal-circulation system and the root system that both are linked together.The focus of potassium nutrition of flue-cured tobacco research is how effectively to improve potassium content of tobacco leaf, and tobacco-growing soil characteristic is the primary environment factor that affects potassium nutrition of flue-cured tobacco, and to cigarette strain potassium element, accumulation has important effect.The environmental factors such as flue-cured tobacco pH in Rhizosphere, calcium ion and magnesium ion, organic matter and carbon nitrogenize, microbial activities power, because the ecological different potassium nutrition levels that show flue-cured tobacco have obvious difference, have formed local characteristic tobacco leaf.
Result of study shows, the Guangyuan City tobacco-growing soil overwhelming majority belongs to calcareous purple soil subclass, the yellow purple earth soil species quantity of being grown in the yellow purple sand earth penus forming by K city wall rock group sand shale, mud stone is maximum, is secondly yellow purple earth, yellow purple stone bone soil, yellow purple sand, yellow purple yellow soil soil species.There are a small amount of soil species such as purple earth in the brown purple soil penus forming, brown purple soil, brown Red Stone Ware of being grown by Jurassic systerm Penglaizhen Formation group Purple Sand shale, gravel.A little less than purple soil leaching, be rich in calcium, carbonate content 2-3%, pH value is 7.5-8.5, neutrality-slight alkalinity soil accounts for the soil total area 87.18%.
Because calcium ion content in soil is higher, competition potassium-channel, thus affect the absorption of tobacco leaf to potassium ion; Although total potassium content of soil is higher, quick-acting potassium content is on the low side or extremely low (100 milligrams/kg following), and after potassium element is manured into soil, potassium ion constantly can not be discharged after soil fixing, seriously reduces the biological effectiveness of potassium element; After tobacco leaf is pinched, soil effective K content is extremely low, is to cause the more outstanding one of the main reasons of tobacco leaf potassium ion " backflow " phenomenon, has a strong impact on the potassium content of tobacco leaf.In addition, also have soil organic matter content react acid in soil on the low side, organic and affect the factors such as organic validity, microbial activities be weak, cause Guangyuan tobacco-growing soil potassium element validity poor, middle and upper part potassium content in tobacco leaf is lower, lower than 1.7%.Cigarette rhizosphere environment problem is planted in Guangyuan, is seriously restricting the absorption of tobacco leaf to potassium element, has formed Guangyuan flue-cured tobacco potassium content and has been difficult to the technical bottleneck improving.
As can be seen here, how to improve Guangyuan Trace Elements in Rhizosphere Soil of Flue-Cured Tobacco microenvironment, reduce soil pH value and calcium ion thereof active, improve the validity of potassium ion, promote tobacco leaf root system absorbing potassium capability, reduction soil is fixing to potassium element, reduces tobacco leaf potassium ion " backflow ", alleviate organic alkali reaction in soil, Guangyuan City Flue-cured tobacco Quality just can effectively improve.To promoting, Guangyuan City high-quality tobacco is produced, modernization tobacco agriculture is built, tobacco grower's increasing both production and income, and flue-cured tobacco sustainable development has important society and economic benefit.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to be difficult to for Guangyuan flue-cured tobacco potassium content the technical problem improving, and a kind of slight alkalinity tobacco-growing soil special fertilizer for tobacco material and its preparation method and application is provided.
Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
A preparation method for slight alkalinity tobacco-growing soil special fertilizer for tobacco material, its step is as follows:
(1) preparation of acid organic-inorganic potash fertilizer
Raw material and the weight percent thereof of acid organic-inorganic potash fertilizer are: brown coal 23～28%, citric acid 2～3%, potassium sulfate 44～50%, monoammonium phosphate 12～15%, potassium humate 2～5%, magnesium sulfate 2～5%, zinc sulfate 1～2%, boric acid 0.5～1%,, Peng Run soil 4～8%; Adopt the acid organic-inorganic potash fertilizer of disk or cylinder preparation;
(2) preparation of acid Chemical Mixed Fertilizer
Raw material and the weight percent thereof of acid Chemical Mixed Fertilizer are: brown coal 5～10%, citric acid 1～3%, saltpetre 15～20%, potassium sulfate 15～20%, monoammonium phosphate 24～28%, ammonium nitrate phosphorus 20～25%, potassium humate 2～5%, amino acid 2～5%, magnesium sulfate 2～5%, zinc sulfate 1～2%, boric acid 0.5～1%; Adopt the acid Chemical Mixed Fertilizer of disk or cylinder preparation;
(3) preparation of acid biological organic fertilizer
In its formula, each weight of material per-cent is edible fungi residue 35～45%, dry cow dung 10～15%, dry pig manure 2～30%, oil cake 15～25%, monoammonium phosphate 1～3%, urea 1～3%, zymophyte 0.2～0.3%, 2～3% citric acids, 0.2～0.3% bacillus laterosporus bacterium powder; Acid biological organic fertilizer preparation method: first edible fungi residue, dry cow dung, dry pig manure, oil cake, monoammonium phosphate, urea, the various materials of zymophyte are mixed in proportion and are mixed thoroughly, add water spice, water content reaches 60%, build heap thermophilic fermentation, temperature reaches 60～65 ℃, pile wide 1.5～2m, pile high 1.2～1.5m, fermentation time is 15～25 days, turning 1～2 time, 80 ℃ of following oven dry, water content reaches below 30%, add 2～3% citric acids and 0.2～0.3% bacillus laterosporus bacterium powder, fully mix rear packing, make acid biological organic fertilizer.
Described preparation method, in step (3), described zymogenic viable count Han Liang≤2,000,000,000/gram, count by weight percentage, and zymophyte is by 40% viride, its viable count Han Liang≤500,000,000/gram, 20% subtilis, its living bacteria count content 150 Yi≤individual/gram, 40% aspergillus oryzae, its viable count Han Liang≤500,000,000/gram, form.
The slight alkalinity tobacco-growing soil special fertilizer for tobacco material that described preparation method makes.
The application of described slight alkalinity tobacco-growing soil special fertilizer for tobacco material, its technical scheme is: every 667m
2circle executes or the acid organic-inorganic potash fertilizer of row replacement 50～80kg, the acid Chemical Mixed Fertilizer of 30～60kg and the acid biological organic fertilizer of 80～120kg; According to soil fertility, regulate fertilizer amount; Circle is executed as single fertilization; Every 667m during row replacement
2within 7～12 days and 20～25 days after cigarette transplantation of seedlings, carry seedling 2 times, use 2.5kg saltpetre or ammonium nitrate phosphorus at every turn, no longer use other chemical fertilizer.
After incorporation of fertilizerin the soil of the present invention, after in fertilizer, organic acid discharges, not only can effectively reduce fertilizer and be discharged into potassium ion pH value and calcium ion activity around in soil, cigarette rhizosphere is planted in improvement, improves the validity of potassium ion, promote tobacco leaf root system absorbing potassium capability, reduction soil is fixing to potassium element, reduces tobacco leaf potassium ion " backflow ", improves the validity of potassium ion in soil, flue-cured tobacco improves more than 10% the absorption rate of potassium element, and potassium content in tobacco leaf improves more than 25%; But also can effectively reduce organic materials surrounding soil pH value, thus reduce organic alkali reaction in soil, increase beneficial microbe colony quantity in soil, effectively improve organic validity in soil, promote tobacco leaf oil content, improve quality of tobacco; Simultaneously low, the light letter of fertilizer cost of the present invention is convenient, effect is remarkable, does not re-use other soil conditioner, thereby reach, subtracts work and falls this, improves quality of tobacco, improves tobacco grower and takes in object and effect.
Although fertilizer of the present invention and using method thereof are to absorb limiting factor problem for Guangyuan City slight alkalinity tobacco-growing soil Potassium in Flue-cured Tobacco, to improving Plant K uptake in the high potassium arable farming of other regional slight alkalinity soil of China, there is same effect equally.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is pot experiment changes of pH.
Fig. 2 is available potassium in soils content.
Fig. 3 is a field changes of pH.
Fig. 4 is a field available potassium in soils content.
Fig. 5 is No. two field changes of pH.
Fig. 6 is No. two field available potassium in soils content.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is described in detail.
Following without special instruction, percentage ratio is weight percentage.
Embodiment 1
1, acid organic-inorganic potash fertilizer: NPK total nutrient 30% (NPK content ratio is 0:6:24), You machine matter Han Liang≤15%, containing middle trace element, it prepares raw materials used and weight percent: brown coal (butt, organic content>=70%) 25%, citric acid 2%, potassium sulfate (K
2o content 50%) 48%, monoammonium phosphate (N content 11%, P content 44%) 14%, potassium humate 2% (K
2o content 50%), magnesium sulfate 2.5%, zinc sulfate 1%, boric acid 0.5%,, Peng Run soil 5%.
2, the preparation of acid organic-inorganic potash fertilizer
(1) material available nutrient mensuration and input amount are determined
Sampling and measuring monoammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate, potassium humate, magnesium sulfate, zinc sulfate and boric acid are produced effective content and the moisture content of required raw-material nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, magnesium, zinc and the relevant nutrient of boron, measure and produce required brown coal organic matter and moisture content, measure the moisture content of producing required Peng Run soil caking agent.According to measuring result adjustment and definite each material input amount.
(2) material drops into
By 20 tons of input amounts, calculate, material drops into by 5 dog-houses, claims potassium sulfate 9600kg, monoammonium phosphate 2800kg, and brown coal 5000kg, drops into from 1～No. 3 dog-house respectively; Peng Run soil 1000kg and citric acid 400kg, after mixing machine fully mixes, drop into from No. 4 dog-houses; Potassium humate 400kg and magnesium sulfate 500kg, zinc sulfate 200kg, boric acid 100kg, after mixing machine fully mixes, drop into from No. 5 dog-houses, sets the flow of each dog-house material according to each raw-material input amount.
(3) mix and dissolve
Each material flows out by different material mouth, and travelling belt is sent to after disk mixer mixes and is sent to cylinder batch mixing again, and passes into 150 ℃ of left and right high-temperature steams, and chemical substance is fully dissolved.
(4) granulation
Material is sent to granulating disc and the granulation of spraying water.
(5) oven dry and sub-sieve
Fertilizer grain after making enters dram and is dried after (300 ℃ of left and right of inlet temperature, 120 ℃ of left and right of temperature out), and minute screen cloth by diameter 3-45mm sieves, and makes 3-5mm granulated fertilizer.
(6) outer anti-hard caking agent spraying and metering packing
The fertilizer spraying alkanamine class acetate anti-hard caking agent preparing (is that cats product can make fertiliser granulates surface form hydrophobic film, prevent particle surface moisture absorption dissolving recrystallize, improve the anti-caking of fertilizer), every 1000kg fertilizer spraying 3kg alkanamine class acetate anti-hard caking agent, enter air-dry cylinder air-dry and cooling, every bag of 50kg quantitative package is laggard enters storehouse preservation.
Embodiment 2
1, acid Chemical Mixed Fertilizer: NPK total nutrient 40% (NPK content ratio is 12:12:16), nitrate nitrogen content>=45%, containing middle trace element, it prepares raw materials used and weight percent: brown coal (butt, organic content>=70%) 6%, citric acid 1%, saltpetre (N content 13%, K
2o content 44%) 18%, potassium sulfate (K
2o content 50%) 16%, monoammonium phosphate (N content 11%, P content 44%) 26%, ammonium nitrate phosphorus (N content 32%, P content 4%) 22%, potassium humate (K
2o content 8%) 4%, amino acid 2.5%, magnesium sulfate 3%, zinc sulfate 1%, boric acid 0.5%.
2, the preparation of acid Chemical Mixed Fertilizer
(1) material available nutrient mensuration and input amount are determined
Sampling and measuring saltpetre, ammonium nitrate phosphorus, monoammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate, potassium humate, magnesium sulfate, zinc sulfate and boric acid are produced effective content and the moisture content of required raw-material nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, magnesium, zinc and the relevant nutrient of boron, measure organic matter and the moisture content of producing required brown coal.According to measuring result adjustment and definite each material input amount.
(2) material drops into
By 20 tons of input amounts, calculate, material drops into by 6 dog-houses, claims potassium sulfate 3200kg, monoammonium phosphate 5200kg, and saltpetre 3600kg, ammonium nitrate phosphorus 4400kg, drops into from 1～No. 4 dog-house respectively; Brown coal 1200kg and citric acid 200kg, after mixing machine fully mixes, drop into from No. 5 dog-houses; Potassium humate 800kg and amino acid 500kg, magnesium sulfate 600kg, zinc sulfate 200kg, boric acid 100kg, after mixing machine fully mixes, drop into from No. 6 dog-houses, sets the flow of each dog-house material according to each raw-material input amount.Prilling process in the same manner as in Example 1.
Embodiment 3
1, acid biological organic fertilizer: You machine matter Han Liang≤40%, microorganism active bacterium is counted Han Liang≤0.2 hundred million/gram, it prepares raw materials used and weight percent: edible fungi residue (butt, organic content >=60%) 40%, dry cow dung (butt, organic content >=60%) 10%, dry pig manure (butt, organic content >=60%) 25%, oil cake (butt, organic content >=70%) 20%, monoammonium phosphate (N content 11%, P content 44%) 1.3%, urea (N content 46%) 1.3%, zymophyte 0.2%, 2% citric acid, 0.2% bacillus laterosporus bacterium powder, zymophyte viable count Han Liang≤2,000,000,000/gram, by viride 40% (viable count Han Liang≤500,000,000/gram), subtilis 20% (living bacteria count content 150 Yi≤individual/gram), aspergillus oryzae 40% (viable count Han Liang≤500,000,000/gram) forms.
2, acid biological organic fertilizer preparation method
First edible fungi residue, dry cow dung, dry pig manure, oil cake, monoammonium phosphate, urea, the various mixing of materials of zymophyte are mixed thoroughly, add water spice, water content reaches 60% left and right, build heap thermophilic fermentation, temperature reaches 60～65 ℃, pile wide 1.5～2m, pile high 1.2～1.5m, fermentation time is 15～25 days, turning 1～2 time, 80 ℃ of following oven dry, water content reaches below 30%, take the material that 978kg ferments, add 20kg citric acid and 2kg bacillus laterosporus bacterium powder (microorganism active bacterium is counted Han Liang≤11,000,000,000/gram), fully mix rear packing, make acid biological organic fertilizer.
Acid organic-inorganic potash fertilizer, acid Chemical Mixed Fertilizer and the acid biological organic fertilizer of embodiment 1, embodiment 2 and embodiment 3 preparations are slight alkalinity tobacco-growing soil special fertilizer for tobacco material.
Embodiment 4 slight alkalinity tobacco-growing soil special fertilizer for tobacco material field using method and effects thereof
1, my pot experiment Fertilizer application method in 2012
Pot experiment soil type is calcareous purple soil, and soil pH value is 7.44, soil nutrient situation: organic 14.8g/kg, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen 78.6mg/kg, rapid available phosphorus 18.9mg/kg, available potassium 103.3mg/kg.For examination flue-cured tobacco cultivars, it is cloud and mist 87, two processing are established in test altogether, each processes 10 basins, repeat 3 times, amount to 60 basins, wherein CK is that local conventional fertilizer application is (during cigarette transplantation of seedlings, every basin circle is executed saltpetre 15g+ potassium sulfate 10g+ tobacco composite fertilizer special 40g, and (NPK content ratio is 10:15:25, by Sichuan, gold leaf chemical fertilizer company limited produces)+commodity biological organic fertilizer 60g (NPK Han Liang≤5%, living bacteria count Han Liang≤0.2/gram, by Sichuan Aimengai Bio-technology Co., Ltd, produced)+the oil cake of becoming thoroughly decomposed 20g), C1 is that slight alkalinity tobacco-growing soil special fertilizer for tobacco material is called for short special fertilizer (during cigarette transplantation of seedlings, every basin circle is executed the acid biological organic fertilizer 80g of acid Chemical Mixed Fertilizer (NPK content ratio the is 12:12:16) 49.5g+ of acid organic-inorganic potash fertilizer (NPK content ratio is 0:6:24) 56.95g+).It is consistent that CK and C1 execute potassium level.
2, test effect
(1) changes of pH analysis
Cigarette transplantation of seedlings 0～75d, detects its soil pH value every sampling in 15 days, and its result is as Fig. 1: conventional fertile soil pH value is without obvious downtrending, and special fertilizer soil pH value is on a declining curve, in 0～75 day soil pH value minimum be 5.87.Use as can be seen here its Trace Elements in Rhizosphere Soil of Flue-Cured Tobacco pH value after special fertilizer to decline obviously, and in tobacco leaf is inhaled potassium peak period 30-60 days, its soil pH value, within the scope of tobacco leaf the most suitable growth, is conducive to Potassium in Tobacco Leaves accumulation.
(2) available potassium in soils analysis
Cigarette transplantation of seedlings 0～75d, every sampling in 15 days, detect effective potassium content in its soil, its result is as Fig. 2: in conventional fertile soil, effectively potassium content is on a declining curve, during to 75 days, be down to transplant before level, and in special fertilizer soil effectively potassium content be to fall after rising to rise again; In cigarette transplantation of seedlings, in the time of 75 days, in special fertilizer soil, effectively potassium content is 191mg/kg, far above the 63.4mg/kg of conventional fertilizer application.
(3) output and potassium content in tobacco leaf analysis
After tobacco leaf picking and roasting finishes, calculate its output, better-than-average cigarette sample and sampling and detect upper tobacco leaf potassium content, its result shows: the more conventional fertile yield of tobacco of special fertilizer improves 12.39%, and better-than-average cigarette sample increases by 8.86 percentage points, and upper tobacco leaf potassium content increases by 28.1%.
3, field experiment using method in 2013
(1) field of field experiment, using method circle is executed.Soil type is calcareous purple soil, and soil pH value is 7.51.Soil nutrient situation: organic 12.3g/kg, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen 65.7mg/kg, rapid available phosphorus 17.6mg/kg, available potassium 104.52mg/kg.For examination flue-cured tobacco cultivars, be cloud and mist 87, two processing are established in test altogether, repeat 3 times, adopt random district group to arrange, and each community 150 strain, amounts to 6 communities.Wherein CK is that (during cigarette transplantation of seedlings, circle is executed saltpetre 15kg/667m to local conventional fertilizer application
2+ potassium sulfate 10kg/667m
2+ composite fertilizer (NPK content ratio is 10:15:25) 40kg/667m
2+ commodity biological organic fertilizer 80kg/667m
2), C1 is that (during cigarette transplantation of seedlings, circle is executed acid organic-inorganic potash fertilizer (NPK content ratio is 0:6:24) 56.95kg/667m to special fertilizer
2+ acid Chemical Mixed Fertilizer (NPK content ratio is 12:12:16) 49.5kg/667m
2+ acid biological organic fertilizer 80kg/667m
2).
(2) No. two fields of field experiment, using method row replacement.Soil type is calcareous purple soil, soil pH value 7.57.Soil nutrient situation: organic 13.3g/kg, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen 76.7mg/kg, rapid available phosphorus 17.1mg/kg, available potassium 100.52mg/kg.For examination flue-cured tobacco cultivars, be cloud and mist 87, two processing are established in test altogether, repeat 3 times, adopt random district group to arrange, and each community 150 strain, amounts to 6 communities.Wherein CK be local conventional fertilizer application (during cigarette transplantation of seedlings, row replacement saltpetre 22.35kg/667m
2+ potassium sulfate 10kg/667m
2+ composite fertilizer (NPK content ratio is 10:15:25) 40kg/667m
2+ commodity biological organic fertilizer 80kg/667m
2), C1 be special fertilizer (during cigarette transplantation of seedlings, acid organic-inorganic potash fertilizer (NPK content ratio the is 0:6:24) 70.46kg/667m of row replacement
2+ acid Chemical Mixed Fertilizer (NPK content ratio is 2:12:16) 49.5kg/667m
2+ acid biological organic fertilizer 80kg/667m
2).
4, a field test effect
(1) changes of pH analysis
Cigarette transplantation of seedlings 0～75d, detects its soil pH value every sampling in 15 days, and its result is as Fig. 3: conventional fertile soil pH value is without obvious downtrending, and dedicated fertilizer soil pH value is on a declining curve, in 0～75 day soil pH value minimum be 5.9.Use as can be seen here its Trace Elements in Rhizosphere Soil of Flue-Cured Tobacco pH value after special fertilizer to decline obviously, and in tobacco leaf is inhaled potassium peak period 30～60 days, its soil pH value, within the scope of tobacco leaf the most suitable growth, is conducive to Potassium in Tobacco Leaves accumulation.
(2) available potassium in soils analysis
Cigarette transplantation of seedlings 0～75d, every sampling in 15 days, detect effective potassium content in its soil, its result is as Fig. 4: in conventional fertile soil, effectively potassium content is on a declining curve, during to 75 days, be down to transplant before level, and in special fertilizer soil effectively potassium content be to fall after rising to rise again; In cigarette transplantation of seedlings, in the time of 75 days, in special fertilizer soil, effectively potassium content is 200.1mg/kg, far above the 61.3mg/kg of conventional fertilizer application.
(3) output and potassium content in tobacco leaf analysis
After tobacco leaf picking and roasting finishes, calculate its output, better-than-average cigarette sample and sampling and detect upper tobacco leaf potassium content, its result shows: the more conventional fertile yield of tobacco of dedicated fertilizer improves 12.58%, and better-than-average cigarette sample increases by 8.88 percentage points, and upper tobacco leaf potassium content increases by 25.76%.
5, No. two field test effects
(1) changes of pH analysis
Cigarette transplantation of seedlings 0～75d, detects its soil pH value every sampling in 15 days, and its result is as Fig. 5: conventional fertile soil pH value is without obvious downtrending, and dedicated fertilizer Trace Elements in Rhizosphere Soil of Flue-Cured Tobacco pH value is on a declining curve, in 0～75 day soil pH value minimum be 5.8.After using as can be seen here special fertilizer, its pH decreased is obvious, and in tobacco leaf is inhaled potassium peak period 30～60 days, its soil pH value, within the scope of tobacco leaf the most suitable growth, is conducive to Potassium in Tobacco Leaves accumulation.
(2) available potassium in soils analysis
Cigarette transplantation of seedlings 0～75d, every sampling in 15 days, detect effective potassium content in its soil, its result is as Fig. 6: in conventional fertile soil, effectively potassium content is on a declining curve, during to 75 days, be down to transplant before level, and in special fertilizer soil effectively potassium content be to fall after rising to rise again; In cigarette transplantation of seedlings, in the time of 75 days, in dedicated fertilizer soil, effectively potassium content is 211.3mg/kg, far above the 53.1mg/kg of conventional fertilizer application;
(3) output and potassium content in tobacco leaf analysis
After tobacco leaf picking and roasting finishes, calculate its output, better-than-average cigarette sample and sampling and detect upper tobacco leaf potassium content, its result shows: the more conventional fertile yield of tobacco of dedicated fertilizer improves 11.19%, and better-than-average cigarette sample increases by 9.56 percentage points, and upper tobacco leaf potassium content increases by 26.78%.
Should be understood that, for those of ordinary skills, can be improved according to the above description or convert, and all these improvement and conversion all should belong to the protection domain of claims of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. a preparation method for slight alkalinity tobacco-growing soil special fertilizer for tobacco material, is characterized in that, its step is as follows:
(1) preparation of acid organic-inorganic potash fertilizer
Raw material and the weight percent thereof of acid organic-inorganic potash fertilizer are: brown coal 23～28%, citric acid 2～3%, potassium sulfate 44～50%, monoammonium phosphate 12～15%, potassium humate 2～5%, magnesium sulfate 2～5%, zinc sulfate 1～2%, boric acid 0.5～1%,, Peng Run soil 4～8%; Adopt the acid organic-inorganic potash fertilizer of disk or cylinder preparation;
(2) preparation of acid Chemical Mixed Fertilizer
Raw material and the weight percent thereof of acid Chemical Mixed Fertilizer are: brown coal 5～10%, citric acid 1～3%, saltpetre 15～20%, potassium sulfate 15～20%, monoammonium phosphate 24～28%, ammonium nitrate phosphorus 20～25%, potassium humate 2～5%, amino acid 2～5%, magnesium sulfate 2～5%, zinc sulfate 1～2%, boric acid 0.5～1%; Adopt the acid Chemical Mixed Fertilizer of disk or cylinder preparation;
(3) preparation of acid biological organic fertilizer
In its formula, each weight of material per-cent is edible fungi residue 35～45%, dry cow dung 10～15%, dry pig manure 2～30%, oil cake 15～25%, monoammonium phosphate 1～3%, urea 1～3%, zymophyte 0.2～0.3%, 2～3% citric acids, 0.2～0.3% bacillus laterosporus bacterium powder; Acid biological organic fertilizer preparation method: first edible fungi residue, dry cow dung, dry pig manure, oil cake, monoammonium phosphate, urea, the various materials of zymophyte are mixed in proportion and are mixed thoroughly, add water spice, water content reaches 60%, build heap thermophilic fermentation, temperature reaches 60～65 ℃, pile wide 1.5～2m, pile high 1.2～1.5m, fermentation time is 15～25 days, turning 1～2 time, 80 ℃ of following oven dry, water content reaches below 30%, add 2～3% citric acids and 0.2～0.3% bacillus laterosporus bacterium powder, fully mix rear packing, make acid biological organic fertilizer.
2. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in step (3), described zymogenic viable count Han Liang≤2,000,000,000/gram, count by weight percentage, zymophyte is by 40% viride, its viable count Han Liang≤500,000,000/gram, 20% subtilis, its living bacteria count content 150 Yi≤individual/gram, 40% aspergillus oryzae, its viable count Han Liang≤500,000,000/gram, form.
3. the slight alkalinity tobacco-growing soil special fertilizer for tobacco material that preparation method according to claim 1 and 2 makes.
4. the application of slight alkalinity tobacco-growing soil special fertilizer for tobacco material according to claim 3, is characterized in that every 667m
2circle executes or the acid organic-inorganic potash fertilizer of row replacement 50～80kg, the acid Chemical Mixed Fertilizer of 30～60kg and the acid biological organic fertilizer of 80～120kg; According to soil fertility, regulate fertilizer amount; Circle is executed as single fertilization; Every 667m during row replacement
2within 7～12 days and 20～25 days after cigarette transplantation of seedlings, carry seedling 2 times, use 2.5kg saltpetre or ammonium nitrate phosphorus at every turn, no longer use other chemical fertilizer.
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104591860A (en) * | 2014-11-17 | 2015-05-06 | 云南省烟草公司昆明市公司 | K326 type tobacco special-purpose nutritive set fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN105948852A (en) * | 2016-04-28 | 2016-09-21 | 四川省农业科学院植物保护研究所 | Compound fertilizer, preparation method thereof and fertilization method for flue-cured tobaccos |
| CN106116759A (en) * | 2016-01-29 | 2016-11-16 | 中国科学院南京土壤研究所 | Improve potassium content of tobacco leaf on Huang-Huai-Hai basic soil and improve fertilizer and the application thereof of Flue-cured tobacco Quality |
| CN106380355A (en) * | 2016-09-06 | 2017-02-08 | 湖北省农业科学院植保土肥研究所 | Basal-dressing fertilizer suitable for alkaline tobacco-planting soil, and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN106699301A (en) * | 2016-12-28 | 2017-05-24 | 柳州市耕青科技有限公司 | Quick-effect seedling planting method |
| CN106717412A (en) * | 2016-12-01 | 2017-05-31 | 攀枝花学院 | High-quality tobacco produces the determination method of fertilizer applications |
| CN107879837A (en) * | 2017-10-31 | 2018-04-06 | 沿河土家族自治县双强牧业有限责任公司 | A kind of special fertilizer for tobacco and preparation method thereof |
| CN109293445A (en) * | 2018-12-11 | 2019-02-01 | 贵州省烟草公司贵阳市公司 | A kind of foliar fertilizer and preparation method thereof promoting the secretion of flue-cured tobacco oil |
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104591860A (en) * | 2014-11-17 | 2015-05-06 | 云南省烟草公司昆明市公司 | K326 type tobacco special-purpose nutritive set fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN106116759A (en) * | 2016-01-29 | 2016-11-16 | 中国科学院南京土壤研究所 | Improve potassium content of tobacco leaf on Huang-Huai-Hai basic soil and improve fertilizer and the application thereof of Flue-cured tobacco Quality |
| CN106116759B (en) * | 2016-01-29 | 2020-03-20 | 中国科学院南京土壤研究所 | Fertilizer for improving potassium content of tobacco leaves and improving quality of flue-cured tobacco in Huang-Huai-Hai alkaline soil and application thereof |
| CN105948852A (en) * | 2016-04-28 | 2016-09-21 | 四川省农业科学院植物保护研究所 | Compound fertilizer, preparation method thereof and fertilization method for flue-cured tobaccos |
| CN106380355A (en) * | 2016-09-06 | 2017-02-08 | 湖北省农业科学院植保土肥研究所 | Basal-dressing fertilizer suitable for alkaline tobacco-planting soil, and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN106717412A (en) * | 2016-12-01 | 2017-05-31 | 攀枝花学院 | High-quality tobacco produces the determination method of fertilizer applications |
| CN106717412B (en) * | 2016-12-01 | 2019-07-30 | 攀枝花学院 | The determination method of high-quality tobacco production fertilizer applications |
| CN106699301A (en) * | 2016-12-28 | 2017-05-24 | 柳州市耕青科技有限公司 | Quick-effect seedling planting method |
| CN107879837A (en) * | 2017-10-31 | 2018-04-06 | 沿河土家族自治县双强牧业有限责任公司 | A kind of special fertilizer for tobacco and preparation method thereof |
| CN109293445A (en) * | 2018-12-11 | 2019-02-01 | 贵州省烟草公司贵阳市公司 | A kind of foliar fertilizer and preparation method thereof promoting the secretion of flue-cured tobacco oil |
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