CN103408384B - Long-lasting special fertilizer for rubber tree and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Long-lasting special fertilizer for rubber tree and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103408384B CN103408384B CN201310281173.0A CN201310281173A CN103408384B CN 103408384 B CN103408384 B CN 103408384B CN 201310281173 A CN201310281173 A CN 201310281173A CN 103408384 B CN103408384 B CN 103408384B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a long-lasting special fertilizer for a rubber tree and a preparation method thereof. The special fertilizer comprises the following effective components in parts by mass: 15-22 parts of nitrogen, 5-10 parts of phosphorus pentoxide, 10-15 parts of potassium oxide, 0.1-0.3 part of zinc, 0.4-0.6 part of magnesium, 0.2-0.3 part of molybdenum, 1-2 parts of dicyandiamide and 5-10 parts of humic acid. The long-lasting special fertilizer for the rubber tree disclosed by the invention is reasonable in formula and high in service efficiency; overall nutrition required for growth of the rubber tree is met; the disease resistance of the rubber tree is improved; diseases are reduced; a long-lasting effect is achieved; the application number can be reduced; time and labor are saved; meanwhile, soil can be improved; nutrient balance of the soil is ensured; the growth speed of the rubber tree is quickened by the application of fertilizer of which the dosage is best for growth of the rubber tree; the yield of dry rubber is improved; and sustainable production of rubber is achieved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of forestry, be specifically related to a kind of rubber tree long-acting special fertilizer and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Natural rubber tree is a kind of perennial tall and big magaphanerophytes, and it, as a kind of restrictive resource of strategy of importance, has important strategic position in modern Economy Development and national defense construction.But the limited area of China suitable planting rubber tree, natural rubber scarcity of resources, increasing, the imbalance between supply and demand of breach in recent years becomes increasingly conspicuous.
China's rubber tree essential species is implanted in Hainan, Yunnan, Guangdong, Guangxi and Fu Jianwu and economizes (district), belongs to northern tropical and south subtropics scope.The soil of estate rubber tree is mainly latosol and red earth, and major part is barrenr, and nutrient content is lower, therefore gum poor growth, and dry incineration method is low, and dead skin disease is multiple.Fertilising is important measures of rubber tree cultivation.The rational application of fertilizer can make rubber obtain the effect of high yield and high quality, and for promoting rubber tree fast-growing and stable high yield, the rational application of fertilizer must according to the nutritional characteristic of gum own and growth-development law thereof.But rubber tree dedicated fertilizer is less on market, and based on chemical fertilizer, fertilizer nutrient content is on the low side, and organic content is few.Rubber tree root system is huge, needs a large amount of liquid manure and organic matter.The generation of Tapping Panel Dryness Symptom in Hevea simultaneously lacks relevant with the quality of rubber to macroelement and various trace elements.Therefore, using of the nutrient content of fertilizer and nutrient releasing speed and trace element will be focused in the planting process of rubber tree.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of rubber tree long-acting special fertilizer and preparation method thereof.
The technical solution used in the present invention is:
A kind of rubber tree long-acting special fertilizer, its effective constituent comprises nitrogen, Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES, potassium oxide, zinc, magnesium, molybdenum, Dyhard RU 100 and humic acid, and each effective constituent in the ratio of mass fraction is: nitrogen: Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES: potassium oxide: zinc: magnesium: molybdenum: Dyhard RU 100: humic acid ﹦ 15-22:5-10:10-15:0.1-0.3:0.4-0.6:0.2-0.3:1-2:5-10.
Preferably, described rubber tree long-acting special fertilizer, each effective constituent in the ratio of mass fraction is: nitrogen: Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES: potassium oxide: zinc: magnesium: molybdenum: Dyhard RU 100: humic acid ﹦ 18-21:7-10:10-14:0.2:0.5:0.27:1-1.5:7.5-10.
Nitrogen in formula can by urea or/and monoammonium phosphate provides; Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES can be provided by P contained compounds such as monoammonium phosphate, diammonium phosphate, calcium superphosphate; Potassium oxide can be provided by the potassium-containing compound such as Repone K or potassium sulfate; Zinc can be provided by zinc compounds such as Zinc Sulphate Heptahydrates; Magnesium can be provided by magnesium-containing compounds such as magnesium sulfate heptahydrates; Molybdenum can be provided by the molybdate compound such as ammonium molybdate or Sodium orthomolybdate.
Preferably, above-described rubber tree long-acting special fertilizer, the raw material containing following mass parts: urea 36-42 part, monoammonium phosphate 14-20 part, Repone K 16-23 part, magnesium sulfate heptahydrate 5 parts, Zinc Sulphate Heptahydrate 1 part, ammonium molybdate 0.5 part, Dyhard RU 100 1-1.5 part, humic acid 7.5-10 part.
The preparation method of above-described rubber tree long-acting fertilizer, comprises the steps:
(1) get urea, monoammonium phosphate, Repone K by proportioning, humic acid loads drum granulating device, pulverizes, and mixing, obtains mixture 1;
(2) get magnesium sulfate heptahydrate by proportioning, Zinc Sulphate Heptahydrate, ammonium molybdate, Dyhard RU 100 spray in said mixture 1, obtain mixture 2;
(3) mixture 2 is added tackiness agent, mixing, granulation, drying, obtain a kind of rubber tree long-acting special fertilizer.
Described tackiness agent is at least one in water glass, clay or zeolite.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effect:
(1) rubber tree long-acting special fertilizer formula of the present invention is reasonable, not only there is the macroelement such as the necessary nitrogen of rubber tree normal growth, phosphorus, potassium, also containing medium trace element such as magnesium, zinc, molybdenums, meet the full nutrition needed for rubber tree growth, improve rubber tree resistance against diseases, reduce disease and occur.
(2) add Dyhard RU 100 and can control the activity of nitrifier, make the conversion rate of nitrogenous fertilizer in soil adjusted, reduce the loss of nitrogen, improve the service efficiency of fertilizer, reach long lasting benefits, can fertilizer application frequency be reduced, save time, saving of labor.
(3) a kind of rubber tree long-acting special fertilizer disclosed by the invention is also added with humic acid simultaneously, improve buffering power of soil, increase effect of fertilizer, improvement soil, ensure that the nutrient balance of soil, with the fertilizers input amount of the most applicable rubber tree growth, accelerate the rubber tree speed of growth, improve dry incineration method, realize the Sustainable Production of rubber.
Embodiment
A kind of rubber tree long-acting special fertilizer, its effective constituent comprises nitrogen, Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES, potassium oxide, zinc, magnesium, molybdenum, Dyhard RU 100 and humic acid, and each effective constituent in the ratio of mass fraction is: nitrogen: Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES: potassium oxide: zinc: magnesium: molybdenum: Dyhard RU 100: humic acid ﹦ 15-22:5-10:10-15:0.1-0.3:0.4-0.6:0.2-0.3:1-2:5-10.
Nitrogen in formula can by urea or/and monoammonium phosphate provides; Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES can be provided by P contained compounds such as monoammonium phosphate, diammonium phosphate, calcium superphosphate; Potassium oxide can be provided by the potassium-containing compound such as Repone K or potassium sulfate; Zinc can be provided by zinc compounds such as Zinc Sulphate Heptahydrates; Magnesium can be provided by magnesium-containing compounds such as magnesium sulfate heptahydrates; Molybdenum can be provided by the molybdate compound such as ammonium molybdate or Sodium orthomolybdate.
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is further illustrated, but be not limited thereto.
embodiment 1
Configuration effective constituent: nitrogen: Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES: potassium oxide: zinc: magnesium: molybdenum: Dyhard RU 100: humic acid ﹦ 18:7:10:0.2:0.5:0.27:1:10(mass ratio) rubber tree long-acting special fertilizer.
Composition of raw materials: urea 360kg, monoammonium phosphate 140kg, potassium oxide 167kg, Zinc Sulphate Heptahydrate 10kg; Water magnesium sulfate 50kg; Ammonium molybdate 5kg, Dyhard RU 100 10kg, humic acid 100kg, zeolite 80kg and clay 78kg, amount to 1000kg.
embodiment 2
Configuration effective constituent: nitrogen: Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES: potassium oxide: zinc: magnesium: molybdenum: Dyhard RU 100: humic acid ﹦ 20:8:12:0.2:0.5:0.27:1.2:10(mass ratio) rubber tree long-acting special fertilizer.
Composition of raw materials: urea 400kg, monoammonium phosphate 160kg, potassium oxide 200kg, Zinc Sulphate Heptahydrate 10kg, water magnesium sulfate 50kg, ammonium molybdate 5kg, Dyhard RU 100 12kg, humic acid 100kg and clay 63kg, amount to 1000kg.
embodiment 3
Configuration effective constituent: nitrogen: Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES: potassium oxide: zinc: magnesium: molybdenum: Dyhard RU 100: humic acid ﹦ 21:10:14:0.2:0.5:0.27:1.5:7.5(mass ratio) rubber tree long-acting special fertilizer.
Composition of raw materials: urea 413kg, monoammonium phosphate 200kg, potassium oxide 230kg, Zinc Sulphate Heptahydrate 10kg, water magnesium sulfate 50kg, ammonium molybdate 5kg, Dyhard RU 100 15kg, humic acid 75kg and 2kg water glass, amount to 1000kg.
embodiment 4
Configuration effective constituent: nitrogen: Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES: potassium oxide: zinc: magnesium: molybdenum: Dyhard RU 100: humic acid ﹦ 15:5:15:0.1:0.6:0.2:1:5(mass ratio) rubber tree long-acting special fertilizer.
Composition of raw materials: urea 304kg, monoammonium phosphate 100kg, potassium oxide 250kg, Zinc Sulphate Heptahydrate 4.3kg, water magnesium sulfate 60kg, ammonium molybdate 3.7kg, Dyhard RU 100 10kg, humic acid 50kg, clay 118kg and zeolite 100kg, amount to 1000kg.
embodiment 5
Configuration effective constituent: nitrogen: Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES: potassium oxide: zinc: magnesium: molybdenum: Dyhard RU 100: humic acid ﹦ 22:10:10:0.3:0.4:0.3:2:10(mass ratio) rubber tree long-acting special fertilizer.
Composition of raw materials: urea 435kg, monoammonium phosphate 200kg, potassium oxide 167kg, Zinc Sulphate Heptahydrate 13kg, water magnesium sulfate 40kg, ammonium molybdate 5.6kg, Dyhard RU 100 20kg, humic acid 100kg, zeolite 15kg and 4.4 water glass kg, amount to 1000kg.
preparation method:
The preparation method of the rubber tree long-acting special fertilizer described in embodiment 1-5, comprises the steps:
(1) get urea, monoammonium phosphate, Repone K by proportioning, humic acid loads drum granulating device, pulverizes, and mixing, obtains mixture 1;
(2) get magnesium sulfate heptahydrate by proportioning, Zinc Sulphate Heptahydrate, ammonium molybdate, Dyhard RU 100 spray in said mixture 1, obtain mixture 2;
(3) mixture 2 is added tackiness agent, mixing, granulation, drying, obtain a kind of rubber tree long-acting special fertilizer.
Described tackiness agent namely fill a prescription in clay or/and zeolite is or/and water glass.
fertilizer efficiency is tested
A kind of rubber tree long-acting special fertilizer obtained by embodiment 1-5 is carried out fertilizer efficiency experiment in hainan rubber forest land.Experiment arranges 6 soil fertility quality altogether, is respectively the rubber tree long-acting special fertilizer treatment group of embodiment 1-5, common Chemical Mixed Fertilizer control treatment.Common Chemical Mixed Fertilizer nutrient content is 14 parts, nitrogen, Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES 7 parts, potassium oxide 9 parts.The total nutrient content that rate of fertilizer application applies fertilizer with each process is all standard mutually.Test adopts single factor test randomized complete-block design, each process 5 repetition, amounts to 30 communities.Experiment was from March, 3 to 2013 in 2011, rate of fertilizer application, embodiment 1:1.7kg/ strain year, embodiment 2:1.5kg/ strain year, embodiment 3:1.3kg/ strain year, embodiment 4:1.7kg/ strain year, embodiment 5:1.4kg/ strain year, contrast is 2.0kg/ strain year, and process 1-5 applies fertilizer 3 times every year, the annual fertilising of contrast 4 times.Every for each community tapping knife is collected latex weigh, to each community mixing latex sampling, dry containing detector measuring and calculating drc with microwave, calculate every cutter time dry incineration method.Gather Mei Kuai community pedotheque, measure soil bacteria, actinomycetes and fungi.
As shown in Table 1, use a kind of rubber tree long-acting special fertilizer of the present invention, improve drc compared with the control.As can be seen here, glue long-acting special fertilizer of the present invention can reduce fertilizer application frequency, improves utilization rate of fertilizer, saves artificial, increases drc, improves rubber tree and produces colloid amount, increase economic benefit.
Table 1 different fertilizer process annual drc
| Treatment group | Drc/% | Than contrast increasing amount/% |
| Embodiment 1 | 27.4 | 2.2 |
| Embodiment 2 | 27.6 | 3.0 |
| Embodiment 3 | 28.0 | 4.5 |
| Embodiment 4 | 27.1 | 1.1 |
| Embodiment 5 | 27.8 | 3.7 |
| Contrast (CK) | 26.8 | 0.0 |
As shown in Table 2, use a kind of rubber tree long-acting special fertilizer of the present invention, the quantity of bacterium in soil, actinomycetes and fungi can be increased, improve soil microflora, promote soil biological fertility, the resistance against diseases of Reinforced Rubber tree, and reduce the generation of dead skin disease, realize the Sustainable Production of rubber.
Table 2 different fertilizer is on the impact of soil microbe quantity
| Treatment group | Bacterium/cfug -1 | Actinomycetes/cfug -1 | Fungi/cfug -1 |
| Embodiment 1 | 8.60×10 5 | 3.62×10 4 | 2.13×10 3 |
| Embodiment 2 | 8.35×10 5 | 2.78×10 4 | 1.97×10 3 |
| Embodiment 3 | 9.07×10 5 | 3.19×10 4 | 1.66×10 3 |
| Embodiment 4 | 1.01×10 6 | 9.89×10 3 | 1.12×10 3 |
| Embodiment 5 | 7.2×10 5 | 1.97×10 4 | 1.68×10 3 |
| Contrast (CK) | 1.42×10 5 | 9.13×10 3 | 1.09×10 3 |
Above embodiment is only introduces preferred case of the present invention, to those skilled in the art, not deviating from any apparent changes and improvements of carrying out in the scope of spirit of the present invention, all should be regarded as a part of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a rubber tree long-acting special fertilizer, its effective constituent comprises nitrogen, Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES, potassium oxide, zinc, magnesium, molybdenum, Dyhard RU 100 and humic acid, and each effective constituent in the ratio of mass fraction is: nitrogen: Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES: potassium oxide: zinc: magnesium: molybdenum: Dyhard RU 100: humic acid ﹦ 15-22:5-10:10-15:0.1-0.3:0.4-0.6:0.2-0.3:1-2:5-10.
2. rubber tree long-acting special fertilizer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, each effective constituent in the ratio of mass fraction is: nitrogen: Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES: potassium oxide: zinc: magnesium: molybdenum: Dyhard RU 100: humic acid ﹦ 18-21:7-10:10-14:0.2:0.5:0.27:1-1.5:7.5-10.
3. rubber tree long-acting special fertilizer according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that, raw material containing following mass parts: urea 36-42 part, monoammonium phosphate 14-20 part, Repone K 16-23 part, magnesium sulfate heptahydrate 5 parts, Zinc Sulphate Heptahydrate 1 part, ammonium molybdate 0.5 part, Dyhard RU 100 1-1.5 part, humic acid 7.5-10 part.
4. the preparation method of the rubber tree long-acting fertilizer described in any one of claims 1 to 3, comprises the steps:
(1) get urea, monoammonium phosphate, Repone K by proportioning, humic acid loads drum granulating device, pulverizes, and mixing, obtains mixture 1;
(2) get magnesium sulfate heptahydrate by proportioning, Zinc Sulphate Heptahydrate, ammonium molybdate, Dyhard RU 100 spray in said mixture 1, obtain mixture 2;
(3) mixture 2 is added tackiness agent, mixing, granulation, drying, obtain a kind of rubber tree long-acting special fertilizer.
5. preparation method according to claim 4, is characterized in that, described tackiness agent is at least one in water glass, clay or zeolite.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103819252B (en) * | 2014-03-11 | 2015-09-23 | 湖北中化东方肥料有限公司 | A kind of rubber tree dedicated fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN104945203B (en) * | 2015-06-16 | 2018-03-27 | 云南省热带作物科学研究所 | A kind of rubber tree special fertilizer and its fertilizing method for promoting stable high yield |
| CN106631454A (en) * | 2016-12-21 | 2017-05-10 | 广西睿桂涵农业有限公司 | Fertilizer for increasing rubber yields of rubber trees |
| CN106631453A (en) * | 2016-12-21 | 2017-05-10 | 广西睿桂涵农业有限公司 | Fertilizer capable of improving survival rate of rubber tree seedlings |
| CN111875447B (en) * | 2020-07-30 | 2022-04-29 | 海南省农垦科学院 | High-concentration formula fertilizer for rubber trees and preparation method thereof |
| CN112679284A (en) * | 2021-01-13 | 2021-04-20 | 云南省热带作物科学研究所 | Young rubber tree fertilizing formula and application |
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| CN1191855A (en) * | 1997-02-25 | 1998-09-02 | 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所 | Long-lasting multicomponent composite nitrogen fertilizer |
| CN101823919A (en) * | 2010-04-12 | 2010-09-08 | 姜希文 | Polypeptide organic liquid fertilizer for increasing yield of latex and relieving tapping panel dryness |
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