CN103975755A - Method for planting scutellaria baicalensis through whole black mulching film coverage - Google Patents
Method for planting scutellaria baicalensis through whole black mulching film coverage Download PDFInfo
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- CN103975755A CN103975755A CN201410238292.2A CN201410238292A CN103975755A CN 103975755 A CN103975755 A CN 103975755A CN 201410238292 A CN201410238292 A CN 201410238292A CN 103975755 A CN103975755 A CN 103975755A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for planting scutellaria baicalensis through whole black mulching film coverage. The method comprises the steps of (1) land selection and land preparation, (2) planting, (3) intertillage and weed control, (4) topdressing, (5) pest control, (6) bud picking and (7) seed collection. The method is characterized in that before seedlings are planted, the roots of the seedlings are soaked in liquid pesticide; when the seedlings are planted, ditching is conducted, a ditch is paved with a layer of ash by 0.5 cm to 1.0 cm in thickness, the seedlings are placed on the walls of the ditch by inclining by 45 degrees according to row spacing, ash is scattered by 0.8 cm to 1.5 cm in thickness, and finally, the ground is covered with soil by 2 cm to 3 cm in thickness; after the seedlings are planted by six rows, the ground is coved with a black mulching film with the width of 120 cm, the film is drawn to be expanded, the edges of the film are covered with soil by 7 cm to 10 cm in thickness, and holes where the seedlings are planted are scraped by a knife so that the seedlings can be exposed when the seedlings sprout to break the ground 18 to 20 days after planting. According to the method, the ground is covered with the whole black mulching film, so that the purposes of soil moisture conservation and fertilizer conversation are achieved, surface temperature rising is facilitated, the transplanting time is made to be earlier, growth of weeds is restrained, and the yield and quality are improved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Chinese herbal medicine planting technology field, relate in particular to the method for the full film mulching plant of a kind of unregistered land film root of large-flowered skullcap.
Background technology
The root of large-flowered skullcap is Labiatae herbaceos perennial, claim again Radix Scutellariae, tsuchikane tea root, with root, be used as medicine, there is heat-clearing and damp-drying drug, cool blood is antiabortive, the effect of removing toxic substances, cures mainly the diseases such as warm heat disease, the infection of the upper respiratory tract, cough with lung heat, damp and hot jaundice, pneumonia, dysentery, hemoptysis, hot eyes, fetal irritability, hypertension, the swollen furuncle sore of carbuncle.Clinical practice shows, the antibacterial effect of the root of large-flowered skullcap is better than the coptis, and does not develop immunity to drugs, and is the traditional Chinese medicine of high-quality.
The root of large-flowered skullcap is wild to be located in mountain region tailo, Cao Po, border, roadside etc., its have happiness temperature climate, cold-resistant, drought-enduring, be afraid of flooded biological property.China's root of large-flowered skullcap main product in Hebei, Shanxi, Liaoning, Heilungkiang, the Inner Mongol, Shandong, Henan etc. economize, autonomous region.Yet the west of Gansu Province is with its good growing weather condition and rich soil resource, and also the plantation for the root of large-flowered skullcap provides good environmental condition.In recent years, along with the development of Chinese Medicine Industry, medicinal material plantation becomes local Main Economic product, and its cultivated area reaches 300,000 mu, becomes one of maximum producing region of west area medicinal material cultivated area.
Yet current root of large-flowered skullcap plantation still adopts traditional live formula plantation, and weather is relied on greatly, soil moisture and surface temperature thereof can not be effectively controlled, and affect seed germination rate, and traditional implantation methods also exists the problem that weeds are many.The problem existing for traditional cultivation method, patent CN 101353638A discloses scutellaria teniana Hand tissue cultivating method, and it utilizes and cuts off, the technological means of inoculation is cultivated root of large-flowered skullcap seedling, can accelerate the speed of growing seedlings, but cost investment is large, can not be accepted by vast medicinal material plantation family; Patent CN 102084771A discloses a kind of method for culturing baikal skullcap root drug, and it adopts between woods medicine and plants, the means of cuttage and seedling culture improve land utilization rate and increase the seedling rate of living, yet the required expense of labor of its cuttage process is large, affects the economic benefit of root of large-flowered skullcap plantation; Patent CN 102349412A discloses the cultivation method of the root of large-flowered skullcap, adopt the means of soil treatment and seed treatment, by bedding, reach on the one hand the object of prevention waterlogging, loose soil property, by soil, mix mixed meter Le Er granule on the other hand and carry out pre-insect-pest, but surface temperature is controlled inconvenience, drug dose lost efficacy more greatly and easily, and weed growth is fast, weeding often, causes cost to increase.The method of mulching planting crops has become one of the most common means, yet, adopt traditional plastic mulching method plantation root of large-flowered skullcap, can be higher due to surface temperature, cause disease to increase, and membrane covering method is planted the root of large-flowered skullcap pellucidly, because liquid manure is sufficient, make weed growth very fast, both made root of large-flowered skullcap water suction, and inhaled fertile ratio and reduce, and weeds can cause the damp and hot increase of soil, also increase the generation of disease.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to: the method that the full film mulching plant of a kind of unregistered land film root of large-flowered skullcap is provided, selecting the high-quality root of large-flowered skullcap seedling being in a good state of health is seedling, employing seedling soaks root processing and husky ash buries method for root, again with the full film mulching plant of the unregistered land film root of large-flowered skullcap, reach minimizing damage by disease and insect, reduce production costs, keep soil from packing together, improve the object of output.
To achieve these goals, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
A method for the full film mulching plant of the unregistered land film root of large-flowered skullcap, comprises step: 1) selection of land and whole ground, 2) plantation, 3) intertill and clean tillage, 4) topdress, 5) extermination of disease and insect pest, 6) pluck flower bud, 7) collect seed, it is characterized in that: in described plantation step, first 2～3 hours of seedling plantation, soaks root with liquid to seedling and process, and soaking the root time is 15～20 minutes, during plantation, with spade, open dark 10～15 centimetres of ditches, to the even sand ash of 0.5～1.0 centimetre of shakedown one deck in ditch, seedling is tiltedly put on furrow bank by spacing in the rows, gradient is 45 °, then by line-spacing, repeat trench digging pendulum seedling, pendulum Miao Houzai spreads the sand ash of 0.8～1.5 centimetre, seedling is covered by husky ash, again with after arrange ditch soil and cover front-seat seedling, symptom of a trend thickness of earth covering is 2～3 centimetres, after plantation seedling 6 row, the unregistered land film of wide 120 centimetres is covered to earth's surface, stretching makes it open and flat rear with 7～10 centimetres, soil covering edge, plant after 18～20 days, seedling germinates when being about to break ground, with blade, scratching to transplant has 2～3 centimetres, the pothole place unregistered land film of seedling to put seedling, but keep mulch film remainder not to be destroyed.
Further, planting seedlings line-spacing is 20 centimetres, and spacing in the rows is 10 centimetres.
Further, described liquid is 50% thiophanate methyl: 800 times of liquid of 50% carbendazim: urea=1:1.5:0.5.
Further, described sand ash is the mixture of fine sand, ash, slag, and its mixed proportion is fine sand: ash: slag=1:0.5:3.
Compare with existing root of large-flowered skullcap implantation methods, know-why of the present invention and beneficial effect are:
1) after seedling plantation, unregistered land film covers earth's surface, due to barrier film, heat absorption and the interception of unregistered land film, soil water evaporation speed slows down relatively, not only makes surface soil water period of storage extend, and can make the deep subsoil moisture aggregation that makes progress, for germinateing, seedling provides sufficient moisture; Reduce heat with the consumption of moisture evaporation, hinder the exchange heat of surface layer air and soil, the heat that solar radiation produces can be absorbed by unregistered land film, and transmits by medium, increases surface temperature, for seedling germinates, provides suitable temperature environment; Weeds produce nutrient deficiency owing to lacking illumination, and metabolism is obstructed and can not be grown, and effectively suppress weed competition water suction, inhale fertilizer;
2) before seedling plantation, adopt 50% thiophanate methyl: 800 times of liquid of 50% carbendazim: urea=1:1.5:0.5 soak root to be processed, and effectively reduces disease and occurs;
3) when seedling is planted, before and after pendulum seedling, with husky ash, cover one deck, due to the characteristic of fine sand, the high permeability rate of slag and the feature of ash meta-alkalescence, make seedling in good temperature, wet, acid-base value condition, can reduce the generation of disease, the frequency that can prevent from again watering is high and cause soil compaction, and then improves emergence rate.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with instantiation, technical scheme of the present invention is described further, but does not limit interest field.
Embodiment 1
The present invention plants example by Longxi County its actual effect is verified.
The west of Gansu Province is located in middle latitude inland, for the continental monsoon climate in temperate zone, makes a clear distinction between the four seasons, and sunshine is sufficient, have a moderate climate, and 445.8 millimeters of mean annual precipitations, 1440 millimeters of evaporation discharge.Annual sunshine duration 2292 hours, soil is meta-alkalescence soil property.
A method for the full film mulching plant of the unregistered land film root of large-flowered skullcap, comprises following concrete steps:
1) selection of land and whole ground: in conjunction with biological nature and west of Gansu Province local climate and the soil condition of the root of large-flowered skullcap, planting site selection soil layer is deep, physical features is smooth, the soil is porous, water-permeable and air permeable is good, pH value is 10 mu, the good farmland of 7.8 loessal soil soil property, use sufficient base manure after soil deeptillage autumn, broken soil block raking then, and wherein the real tillage degree of depth is 30～40 centimetres, base manure amount of application is: 2,500 thousand grams/acre of farmyard manures, 20,000 grams/acre of diammonium phosphate.
2) plantation: the time is on March 15～20, select robust plant, head slightly complete, the uniform high-quality root of large-flowered skullcap of root bar seedling is transplanted, 30 kilograms of root of large-flowered skullcap seedling are transplanted in every mu of soil, transplanted seedling field planting line-spacing is 20 centimetres, 10 centimetres of spacing in the rows, and its cultivation method is specially: first 2～3 hours of seedling plantation, with liquid, seedling is soaked to root and process, soaking the root time is 15～20 minutes, during plantation, with spade, open dark 10～15 centimetres of ditches, to the even sand ash of 0.5～1.0 centimetre of shakedown one deck in ditch, seedling is tiltedly put on furrow bank by spacing in the rows, gradient is 45 °, then by line-spacing, repeat trench digging pendulum seedling, pendulum Miao Houzai spreads the sand ash of 0.8～1.5 centimetre, seedling is covered by husky ash, again with after arrange ditch soil and cover front-seat seedling, symptom of a trend thickness of earth covering is 2～3 centimetres, after plantation seedling 6 row, the unregistered land film of wide 120 centimetres is covered to earth's surface, stretching makes it open and flat rear with 7～10 centimetres, soil covering edge, plant after 18～20 days, seedling germinates when being about to break ground, with blade, scratching to transplant has 2～3 centimetres, the pothole place unregistered land film of seedling to put seedling, but keep mulch film remainder not to be destroyed.Wherein, described liquid is 50% thiophanate methyl: 800 times of liquid of 50% carbendazim: urea=1:1.5:0.5; Described sand ash is the mixture of fine sand, ash, slag, and its mixed proportion is fine sand: ash: slag=1:0.5:3.
3) field management
1. intertill and clean tillage: can weeding loosen the soil from unregistered land film is lifted one's head until seedling, be advisable with 4～5 centimetres of degree of depth of breaking ground, in this planting experiment process, because weeds are less, therefore carried out 2 weedings depending on weed growth situation.
2. topdress: after weeding, in 5～8 days, in conjunction with rainfall, topdress, take inorganic fertilizer as main, specifically impose 5,000 grams/acre, urea, the number of times that topdresses is 2 times.
3. the extermination of disease and insect pest: root of large-flowered skullcap damage by disease and insect is lighter, and Major Diseases is leaf blight, when disease occurs, with 1000 times of liquid spraying controls of 50% carbendazim, sprayed medicine once, continuous spraying 2～3 times every 7～10 days.
4. pluck flower bud, roguing: pluck flower bud depending on field root of large-flowered skullcap growing way, generally June early squaring bud is extractd; Roguing the weak is after field planting between breeding time of 1～2 year, by stem, leaf, flower difference, removes hybrid strain, to guarantee seed purity, is observed and is removed weak diseased plant, to guarantee seed quality by plant growing way.
6) collect seed: the root of large-flowered skullcap florescence continues about 3 months, and seed maturity is inconsistent, easily comes off again, therefore need to gather at any time, specific practice is: together with fruit branch, cut off, after drying, beat and make seed shedding, after removal impurity, collect.
7) processing of gathering: before the Frost's Descent, sliced off stem is climing, late October～early November, with the iron fork of long 35 centimetres, gently dig, save root from damage as far as possible, prevent from hindering skin and be completely cured, the ground airing that intersperses after digging out, then pack.
In order to verify the actual effect of technical solution of the present invention, adopt with 10 mu of the identical technology plantation of embodiment 1 roots of large-flowered skullcap, but in transplanting and field planting step, use the present invention's unregistered land film used instead transparent mulch film and substitute.
, root progress line sampling statistics thick to root of large-flowered skullcap per mu yield and root in two kinds of plantation examples, it the results are shown in following table 1.
In table 1, described root is thick, the long mean value that 100 strain scutellariae,radixs are thick, root is long for randomly drawing of root:
Table 1-result statistics
By upper table 1, can find out, adopt the technical solution of the present invention plantation root of large-flowered skullcap, not only significantly increase per mu yield, and the root of large-flowered skullcap quality of plantation is good, is embodied in the thick and root length of root and is improved, its reason of yield increased is that weed growth is few, the root of large-flowered skullcap is high to liquid manure water absorption rate, is also to pluck flower bud scheme and reduces bud inferior to Nutrient Absorption, makes the bud retaining to nutrient absorption maximum, therefore, innovative point of the present invention is also to pluck flower bud.
Claims (4)
1. a method for the full film mulching plant of the unregistered land film root of large-flowered skullcap, comprises step: 1) selection of land and whole ground, 2) plantation, 3) intertill and clean tillage, 4) topdress, 5) extermination of disease and insect pest, 6) pluck flower bud, 7) collect seed, it is characterized in that: first 2～3 hours of seedling plantation, with liquid, seedling is soaked to root and process, soaking the root time is 15～20 minutes, during plantation, with spade, open dark 10～15 centimetres of ditches, to the even sand ash of 0.5～1.0 centimetre of shakedown one deck in ditch, seedling is tiltedly put on furrow bank by spacing in the rows, gradient is 45 °, then by line-spacing, repeat trench digging pendulum seedling, pendulum Miao Houzai spreads the sand ash of 0.8～1.5 centimetre, seedling is covered by husky ash, again with after arrange ditch soil and cover front-seat seedling, symptom of a trend thickness of earth covering is 2～3 centimetres, after plantation seedling 6 row, the unregistered land film of wide 120 centimetres is covered to earth's surface, stretching makes it open and flat rear with 7～10 centimetres, soil covering edge, plant after 18～20 days, seedling germinates when being about to break ground, with blade, scratching to transplant has 2～3 centimetres, the pothole place unregistered land film of seedling to put seedling, but keep mulch film remainder not to be destroyed.
2. the method for the full film mulching plant of a kind of unregistered land film as claimed in claim 1 root of large-flowered skullcap, is characterized in that: transplanted seedling field planting line-spacing is 20 centimetres 10 centimetres of spacing in the rows.
3. the method for the full film mulching plant of a kind of unregistered land film as claimed in claim 1 root of large-flowered skullcap, is characterized in that: described liquid is 50% thiophanate methyl: 800 times of liquid of 50% carbendazim: urea=1:1.5:0.5.
4. the method for the full film mulching plant of a kind of unregistered land film as claimed in claim 1 root of large-flowered skullcap, is characterized in that: described sand ash is the mixture of fine sand, ash, slag, and its mixed proportion is fine sand: ash: slag=1:0.5:3.
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104303802A (en) * | 2014-10-31 | 2015-01-28 | 山东胜伟园林科技有限公司 | Scutellaria strigillosa Hemsl propagation method by burying rhizomes |
| CN109258365A (en) * | 2018-11-19 | 2019-01-25 | 济宁市食品药品检验检测中心（济宁市药品不良反应与药物滥用监测中心） | A kind of cultural method improving radix scutellariae root activity |
| CN109429963A (en) * | 2018-12-13 | 2019-03-08 | 山东中医药大学 | A kind of cultivation management method improving baicalin in Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi content |
| CN109566315A (en) * | 2019-01-21 | 2019-04-05 | 张生君 | A kind of complete dry kind of the film shoe lid wet bunch planting method for increasing out of medicinal material |
| CN112136633A (en) * | 2020-10-27 | 2020-12-29 | 山西振东道地药材开发有限公司 | Cultivation method for codonopsis pilosula and scutellaria baicalensis intercropping |
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| CN103650803A (en) * | 2012-08-28 | 2014-03-26 | 成元 | Planting method of radix scutellariae |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104303802A (en) * | 2014-10-31 | 2015-01-28 | 山东胜伟园林科技有限公司 | Scutellaria strigillosa Hemsl propagation method by burying rhizomes |
| CN104303802B (en) * | 2014-10-31 | 2016-03-02 | 山东胜伟园林科技有限公司 | A kind of method of burying the root-like stock breeding sandy beach root of large-flowered skullcap |
| CN109258365A (en) * | 2018-11-19 | 2019-01-25 | 济宁市食品药品检验检测中心（济宁市药品不良反应与药物滥用监测中心） | A kind of cultural method improving radix scutellariae root activity |
| CN109258365B (en) * | 2018-11-19 | 2021-03-26 | 济宁市食品药品检验检测中心（济宁市药品不良反应与药物滥用监测中心） | Cultivation method for improving root activity of scutellaria baicalensis |
| CN109429963A (en) * | 2018-12-13 | 2019-03-08 | 山东中医药大学 | A kind of cultivation management method improving baicalin in Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi content |
| CN109566315A (en) * | 2019-01-21 | 2019-04-05 | 张生君 | A kind of complete dry kind of the film shoe lid wet bunch planting method for increasing out of medicinal material |
| CN112136633A (en) * | 2020-10-27 | 2020-12-29 | 山西振东道地药材开发有限公司 | Cultivation method for codonopsis pilosula and scutellaria baicalensis intercropping |
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