CN103951621B - 一种蓝色有机发光二极管材料 - Google Patents

一种蓝色有机发光二极管材料 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN103951621B
CN103951621B CN201410193597.6A CN201410193597A CN103951621B CN 103951621 B CN103951621 B CN 103951621B CN 201410193597 A CN201410193597 A CN 201410193597A CN 103951621 B CN103951621 B CN 103951621B
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
light emitting
emitting diode
organic light
luminescent layer
anode
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
CN201410193597.6A
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
CN103951621A (zh
Inventor
李晓常
洪海兵
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
GUANMAT OPTOELECTRONIC MATERIALS (SHENZHEN) Co.,Ltd.
Original Assignee
GUANMAT OPTOELECTRONIC MATERIALS (JIANGXI) Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by GUANMAT OPTOELECTRONIC MATERIALS (JIANGXI) Inc filed Critical GUANMAT OPTOELECTRONIC MATERIALS (JIANGXI) Inc
Priority to CN201410193597.6A priority Critical patent/CN103951621B/zh
Publication of CN103951621A publication Critical patent/CN103951621A/zh
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN103951621B publication Critical patent/CN103951621B/zh
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07DHETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D235/00Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazole or hydrogenated 1,3-diazole rings, condensed with other rings
    • C07D235/02Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazole or hydrogenated 1,3-diazole rings, condensed with other rings condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07DHETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D403/00Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00
    • C07D403/02Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00 containing two hetero rings
    • C07D403/10Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00 containing two hetero rings linked by a carbon chain containing aromatic rings
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07DHETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D403/00Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00
    • C07D403/14Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00 containing three or more hetero rings
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07DHETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D405/00Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
    • C07D405/02Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom containing two hetero rings
    • C07D405/12Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom containing two hetero rings linked by a chain containing hetero atoms as chain links
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07DHETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D409/00Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
    • C07D409/02Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing two hetero rings
    • C07D409/10Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing two hetero rings linked by a carbon chain containing aromatic rings
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07DHETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D409/00Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
    • C07D409/02Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing two hetero rings
    • C07D409/12Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing two hetero rings linked by a chain containing hetero atoms as chain links
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07DHETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D409/00Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
    • C07D409/14Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing three or more hetero rings
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07DHETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D495/00Heterocyclic compounds containing in the condensed system at least one hetero ring having sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
    • C07D495/02Heterocyclic compounds containing in the condensed system at least one hetero ring having sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
    • C07D495/04Ortho-condensed systems
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09KMATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K11/00Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials
    • C09K11/06Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing organic luminescent materials
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H10SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10KORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K85/00Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
    • H10K85/60Organic compounds having low molecular weight
    • H10K85/615Polycyclic condensed aromatic hydrocarbons, e.g. anthracene
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H10SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10KORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K85/00Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
    • H10K85/60Organic compounds having low molecular weight
    • H10K85/615Polycyclic condensed aromatic hydrocarbons, e.g. anthracene
    • H10K85/622Polycyclic condensed aromatic hydrocarbons, e.g. anthracene containing four rings, e.g. pyrene
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H10SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10KORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K85/00Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
    • H10K85/60Organic compounds having low molecular weight
    • H10K85/615Polycyclic condensed aromatic hydrocarbons, e.g. anthracene
    • H10K85/623Polycyclic condensed aromatic hydrocarbons, e.g. anthracene containing five rings, e.g. pentacene
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H10SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10KORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K85/00Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
    • H10K85/60Organic compounds having low molecular weight
    • H10K85/631Amine compounds having at least two aryl rest on at least one amine-nitrogen atom, e.g. triphenylamine
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H10SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10KORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K85/00Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
    • H10K85/60Organic compounds having low molecular weight
    • H10K85/631Amine compounds having at least two aryl rest on at least one amine-nitrogen atom, e.g. triphenylamine
    • H10K85/633Amine compounds having at least two aryl rest on at least one amine-nitrogen atom, e.g. triphenylamine comprising polycyclic condensed aromatic hydrocarbons as substituents on the nitrogen atom
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H10SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10KORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K85/00Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
    • H10K85/60Organic compounds having low molecular weight
    • H10K85/631Amine compounds having at least two aryl rest on at least one amine-nitrogen atom, e.g. triphenylamine
    • H10K85/636Amine compounds having at least two aryl rest on at least one amine-nitrogen atom, e.g. triphenylamine comprising heteroaromatic hydrocarbons as substituents on the nitrogen atom
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H10SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10KORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K85/00Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
    • H10K85/60Organic compounds having low molecular weight
    • H10K85/649Aromatic compounds comprising a hetero atom
    • H10K85/654Aromatic compounds comprising a hetero atom comprising only nitrogen as heteroatom
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H10SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10KORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K85/00Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
    • H10K85/60Organic compounds having low molecular weight
    • H10K85/649Aromatic compounds comprising a hetero atom
    • H10K85/657Polycyclic condensed heteroaromatic hydrocarbons
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H10SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10KORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K85/00Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
    • H10K85/60Organic compounds having low molecular weight
    • H10K85/649Aromatic compounds comprising a hetero atom
    • H10K85/657Polycyclic condensed heteroaromatic hydrocarbons
    • H10K85/6572Polycyclic condensed heteroaromatic hydrocarbons comprising only nitrogen in the heteroaromatic polycondensed ring system, e.g. phenanthroline or carbazole
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H10SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10KORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K85/00Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
    • H10K85/60Organic compounds having low molecular weight
    • H10K85/649Aromatic compounds comprising a hetero atom
    • H10K85/657Polycyclic condensed heteroaromatic hydrocarbons
    • H10K85/6574Polycyclic condensed heteroaromatic hydrocarbons comprising only oxygen in the heteroaromatic polycondensed ring system, e.g. cumarine dyes
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H10SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10KORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K85/00Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
    • H10K85/60Organic compounds having low molecular weight
    • H10K85/649Aromatic compounds comprising a hetero atom
    • H10K85/657Polycyclic condensed heteroaromatic hydrocarbons
    • H10K85/6576Polycyclic condensed heteroaromatic hydrocarbons comprising only sulfur in the heteroaromatic polycondensed ring system, e.g. benzothiophene
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09KMATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K2211/00Chemical nature of organic luminescent or tenebrescent compounds
    • C09K2211/10Non-macromolecular compounds
    • C09K2211/1018Heterocyclic compounds
    • C09K2211/1025Heterocyclic compounds characterised by ligands
    • C09K2211/1044Heterocyclic compounds characterised by ligands containing two nitrogen atoms as heteroatoms
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09KMATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K2211/00Chemical nature of organic luminescent or tenebrescent compounds
    • C09K2211/10Non-macromolecular compounds
    • C09K2211/1018Heterocyclic compounds
    • C09K2211/1025Heterocyclic compounds characterised by ligands
    • C09K2211/1088Heterocyclic compounds characterised by ligands containing oxygen as the only heteroatom
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09KMATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K2211/00Chemical nature of organic luminescent or tenebrescent compounds
    • C09K2211/10Non-macromolecular compounds
    • C09K2211/1018Heterocyclic compounds
    • C09K2211/1025Heterocyclic compounds characterised by ligands
    • C09K2211/1092Heterocyclic compounds characterised by ligands containing sulfur as the only heteroatom

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Electroluminescent Light Sources (AREA)

Abstract

一种有机发光二极管,其特征是所述的有机发光二极管由一个阴极,一个阳极以及阴极与阳极间的有机半导体层构成。有机半导体发光层中含有一有机半导体化合物,通式为:

Description

一种蓝色有机发光二极管材料
技术领域
本发明涉及有机发光材料及其在有机发光器件的应用, 具体涉及有机半导体作为发光层应用,可提高发光效率,延长器件工作寿命。
背景技术
有机半导体材料属于新型光电材料,其大规模研究起源于1977年由白川英树,A.Heeger及A. McDiamid共同发现了导电车可达铜水平的掺杂聚乙炔。随后,1987年KodaK公司的C. Tang等发明了有机小分子发光二极管(OLED),和1990年剑桥大学的R. Friend及A.Holmes发明了聚合物发光二极管P-OLED,以及1998年S. Forrest与M. Thomson发明了效率更高的有机磷光发光二极管PHOLED。由于有机半导体材料具有结构易调可获得品种多样,能带可调,甚至如塑料薄膜加工一样的低成本好处,加上有机半导体在导电薄膜,静电复印,光伏太阳能电池应用,有机薄膜晶体管逻辑电路,和有机发光OLED平板显示与照明等众多应用,白川-Heeger-McDiamid三位科学家于2000年获得诺贝尔化学奖。
作为下一代平板显示应用的有机发光二极管,有机光电半导体要求有:1. 高发光效率;2. 优良的电子与空穴稳定性;3. 合适的发光颜色;4. 优良的成膜加工性。原则上,大部分共轭性有机分子(包含星射体),共轭性聚合物,和含有共轭性发色团配体的有机重金属络合物都有具备电激发光性能,应用在各类发光二极管,如有机小分子发光二极管(OLED),聚合物有机发光二极管(POLED),有机磷光发光二极管(PHOLED)。磷光PHOLED兼用了单线激发态(荧光)和三线激发态(磷光)的发光机理,显然比小分子OLED及高分子POLED高得多的发光效率。PHOLED制造技术和出色的PHOLED材料都是实现低功耗OLED显示和照明所必不可少的。PHOLED的量子效率和发光效率是荧光OLED材料的3~4倍,因此也减少了产生的热量,增多了OLED显示板的竞争力。这一点提供了使得总体上OLED显示或照明超越LCD显示以及传统光源的可能。因而,现有高端OLED器件中或多或少地掺用了磷光OLED材料。
磷光OLED材料是由含有一定共轭性的有机发光团作为二齿螯合,与金属元素形成环金属-配合体络合物,在高能光照下(如紫外光激发)或电荷注入(电激发)条件下,由于环金属-配体电荷转移(MLCT)成为激子,然后回复到基态而导致发光。在OLED器件中电荷的注入是通过在阳极施加电压后,从阳极注入电子,阴极注入空穴,分别经过电子传输层与空穴转输层,同时进入发射层的本体材料中,电子最终进入发光掺杂剂中的最低末占分子轨道(LUMO),空穴进入发光掺杂剂中的最高占有分子轨道(HOMO)而形成激发态发光掺杂剂分子(激子态)。激子态回复剂基态后伴随着发射光能,其发射光能波长正对应着发光分子掺杂剂的能隙(HOMO-LUMO能级差)。
已有不少报道的重金属有机配合体络合物,受重金属的影响而增强了自旋轨道作用,使得本应较弱的磷光变得很强而呈现优良磷光发射。例如发绿光的三(苯基吡啶)依(Ⅲ)配合络合物,简称为Ir(PPY)3,具有结构式为:
发射蓝光的FirPic具有如下结构式:
其中的主配体4,6-二氟代苯基吡啶主宰着发光颜色。发射红光的三(辛烷基喹啉)依(Ⅲ)配合络合物,具有优异的高效发射性能(Adv. Mater.19,739(2007))其结构式为:
发光层一般是由少量的发光材料掺入一具有更高能级的半导体本体材料中组成。有机发光三原色显示材料中,相比于比较成熟的红光及绿光来说,蓝光的效率与色纯度还很难同时达到要求。因为蓝色属于宽带发光,其导电能力将大大降低,故蓝色发光材料及其器件还有待进一步发展。 最近,文献(J. Mater. Chem., 2009, 19, 1865–1871)已报道一种基于对称连接的菲并咪唑类蓝光材料TPIP,具有优异的色标为(0.15,0.10),但由于单一电负性原因,外量子效率小于6%。 为此,我们开发了一系列兼具电负性与空穴注入综合性改善的蓝光荧光材料,与一蓝光主体材料配合后获得高性能、长寿命的蓝光发光器件。同时,这类蓝光材料兼具双极性性能,也即兼具空穴与电子注入性能,是良好绿光和红光发光器件的主体材料。
发明内容
本发明提供一种有机半导体化合物,由吸电性菲并咪唑与共轭性芳杂环所组成,具有如下通式:
其特征在于R1,R2,R3为一苯基,一碳原子小于6的烷基,一碳原子数小于6的烷氧基,Ar为一芳杂融合环, 烷基化芳杂融合环,烷氧基化芳杂融合环。
根据本专利所辖内容,所述的芳杂融合环Ar可为:
------R1为烷基或烷氧基。
在一种情况下,所述的芳杂融合环Ar可选连有1个或小于6个烷基、烷氧基取代,其中烷基和烷氧基含有的碳原子小于12。这些烷基和烷氧基取代有利于增加化合物的溶解性,改善提纯及最终产物的成膜性。
在另一种情况下,所述的芳杂融合环Ar可选连有1个或小于4个(Ⅱ)式融合芳杂环的组合,以获得电负性可调的有机发光器件性能的改善,包括总体电负性,空穴传输性,发光效率以及器件寿命。在不偏离本发明所述范围下,有许多各种组合。其中优选的化合物结构有:
以上各种化合物原理上可通过多种化学反应制备,其中最常用的是采用硼酸或硼酸酯与卤代芳杂环,在钯催化剂下通过Suzuki 反应而得。出于分子设计目的,有意识地选用吸电性菲并咪唑,与传导性芳香环或其融合环,亲电性芳杂环或其融合环,和空穴传输性芳杂胺等结合成分子,使得所述的化合物兼具蓝色发光性和平衡载流子注入性能。
本发明更为重要的是在于所述的有机半导体化合物应用于发光器件。一般地,最简单的有机发光二极管由如下几部分组成:
(a)一个阴极;
(b)一个阳极;
(c)一夹心于阴极与阳极之间的发光层,其中含有本发明所述有机半导体化合物(I)。
在传统的有机发光二极管芯片中,通常是采用透明导电玻璃,或镀有铟-锡氧化物ITO上蒸镀一层空穴注入层HIL,然后依次一层空穴传输层HTL、发光层EML、电子传输层ETL、电子注入层EIL,最后加一层金属,如铝金属层,作为阳极导电及密封层(如图1)。当ITO 接正电,铝连接负电到一定电场后,空穴从ITO 经HIL注入和HTL传输至EML, 而电子从铝连接的EIL注入后、经过ETL传输至EML. 电子与空穴在EML 中相遇、复合成激发子(Exciton),然后部分激发子以光辐射形式释放出能量回到基态。光辐射的波长由EML层中的发光掺杂剂的能隙决定。
根据本专利所述有机半导体化合物,由于其发射波长处于410-480 nm范围,适合应用于有机蓝光发光二级管中的发光层。在有机发光器件中,为使发光效率及颜色获得随电场变化(亮度调节)而更稳定,通常EML 由一能带宽度较大的作为主体材料,能隙较小的作为发光掺杂剂构成。EML 中掺杂剂含量可为 1-49%(重量),优选一般在 1-10%。已知典型的蓝光主体材料有ABPN:
在不偏离本发明范围情况下,通式(I) 所述的化合物都可应用于蓝光OLED。其中优选的化合物有:
基于本发明有些蓝光材料电负性较强,有时有必要添加一辅助主体材料,如一空穴型主体材料TCTA:
为获得高效的绿光和红光OLED,通常是使用三线态磷光OLED,其中发射层含有磷光发光材料,如Ir(ppy)3 为绿光,或 Ir(Piq)3 作为红光掺杂剂,用2至15%的浓度发光(重量)材料,掺杂到一个主体材料中,
Ir(ppy)3 Ir(Piq)3
主体材料常用的是含咔唑或芳胺结构类材料。一种主体材料是4,4’-N,N’-二咔唑-联苯(CBP):
为达到优良的磷光器件性能,在阳极上,可任选一空穴注入层,如酞青兰(CuPc)或其他含芳氨的化合物 (Appl.Phys.Lett., 69, 2160(1996),如m-TDATA,
同样地,在空穴注入层与发射层EML之间,还可选择一空穴传输层,如使用4,4’-双[N-(1-萘基)-N-苯氨基]联苯(α-NPD),
为平衡电子与空穴的注入,提高发光效率,可任选一电子传输空穴阻挡(ETHB) 材料,例子是1,3,5-三(1-苯基-1H-苯并咪唑-2-基)苯TPBi,其结构为:
在ETHL与阴极之间,还通常使用电子注入层。电子注入层通常是功函较低的金属鋰,或其化合物如8-羟基鋰(Liq):
因此,OLED发光器件是一复杂的多层结构,图1为一典型的构造,但不是唯一的应用结构。其中有机半导体层的总体厚度是50-250纳米,优选总厚度为80-180纳米。使用OLED发光器件,可用于平板屏显示,如手机屏,i-Pack 屏,电视屏,电脑屏等。
本发明专利的有益效果是,在菲并咪唑相连的苯环上连接一芳杂融合环,有利于改善电荷注入与发光稳定性,获得高稳定、高效率及长寿命的发光性能。
附图说明
图1为有机发光二极管结构示意图。
具体实施方式
为使本发明的上述目的、特征和优点能够更加明显易懂,下面结合实施例子对本发明的具体实施方式做详细的说明。在下面的描述中阐述了很多具体细节以便于充分理解本发明。但是本发明能够以很多不同于在此描述的其它方式来实施,本领域技术人员可以在不违背本发明内涵的情况下做类似推广。因此本发明不受下面公开的具体实施例的限制。
实施例1
化合物 22 的制备
(1)中间体M1的合成
在带有温度计和冷凝管的500 mL三颈瓶中,依次加入菲醌10g(48mmol),对溴苯甲醛8.9g(48 mmol),苯胺5.38g(57.7mmol),乙酸铵37.06g(480mmol)和200ml冰乙酸,N2置换三次,升温至130℃回流反应过夜。TLC点板监控反应至完全为止。冷却至室温,过滤,将滤渣倒入200ml甲醇中搅拌洗涤两次,过滤即得所需产物,收到黄褐色固体19.8g(92%)。MS=448,mp=255℃,HPLC:99.5%。
(2)中间体M2的合成
在250 mL的三颈瓶中,依次加入中间体M1(9g,20mmol),双(频哪醇合)二硼(7.62g,30mmol),CH3COOK (5.9g,60mmol),1,4-二氧六环 125 mL和S-phos (1.2g,3mmol),N2置换三次,加入Pd2(dba)3(0.9g,1mmol)并升温至回流,反应12h后停止。冷却至室温,过滤,收集滤液,浓缩,柱色谱提纯(二氯甲烷为流动相),收到淡黄色固体8.46g(85%),HPLC:98%,MS=496。
(3)中间体M3的合成
在100mL的三颈瓶中,依次加入三亚苯19g,铁粉0.07g,硝基苯600mL,待其原料全部溶解之后,放入冰水浴中温度为0℃时通过恒压滴定漏斗缓慢滴加含20g溴素的硝基苯溶液50mL,维持反应温度至5h结束。用10% Na2SO3 200mL滴加入反应体系中除掉多余的溴素,分液,水相用二氯甲烷萃取共200mL,饱和食盐水洗涤,无水Na2SO4干燥,低温浓缩掉二氯甲烷,蒸馏掉硝基苯,成黑色粘稠状共24.6g,无需提纯直接用于下一步反应,HPLC 254nm显示--原料:单溴代:双溴代=2:7:1,且TLC点板无法分离。
(4)中间体M4的合成
在1000mL的三颈瓶中,依次加入溴代三亚苯混合物24g,3-甲氧基苯硼酸26g,K3PO450g,甲苯 300mL、水 150mL,N2置换三次,再加入0.8g的 Pd2(dba)3和1.2g S-phos并置换N2且升温至回流,反应16h后停止。冷却至50℃,过滤,分液,EA萃取,无水Na2SO4干燥,柱色谱提纯,DCM:PE=0-0.5,得到白色固体15.5g(HPLC:99%),收率为89.6%。
(5)中间体M5的合成
室温下,在500 mL的三颈瓶中,加入2-(3-甲氧基苯基)三亚苯15.5g,DCM 230mL,搅拌至溶解完全为止,将反应装置降温至零下76-78度(干冰+丙酮),N2保护,恒压滴定漏斗开始滴加BBr3,滴加过程中体系逐渐变成白色乳状悬浮液,滴加完之后,维持在低温搅拌0.5h后,慢慢升温至5℃反应过夜。体系变得澄清,TLC点板无原料,将反应体系倒入500ml冰水中,少量DCM加入溶解沉淀,萃取,分液,无水MgSO4干燥,浓缩即为所得产物14.8g,收率99%,无需进一步提纯直接用于下一步反应。
(6)中间体M6的合成
室温下,在1000 mL的三颈瓶中,加入三亚苯酚14.8g,DCM 650mL,搅拌至溶解完全为止,将反应装置降温至0度,N2保护,恒压滴定漏斗开始滴加Tf2O,滴加完之后,维持在低温搅拌0.5h后,慢慢升温至20℃反应过夜。体系有白色沉淀产生,TLC点板无原料,过滤掉吡啶盐酸盐,将反应体系倒入500ml冰水中,萃取,分液,无水MgSO4干燥,浓缩,硅胶短柱分离(DCM为流动相)得白色固体产物17g,收率77.6%。
(7)最终产物的合成
在50mL的三颈瓶中,依次加入M2(0.455g,0.92mmol),M6(0.35g,0.77mmol),碳酸钠(0.5g,4.62mmol),甲苯 15mL、水 5mL,N2置换三次,再加入0.06g的 Pd(PPh3)4,置换N2且升温至回流,反应16h后停止。冷却至室温,过滤掉不溶物,分液,EA萃取,无水Na2SO4干燥,柱色谱提纯,DCM/PE=0-1,得到白色固体0.32g(HPLC:99%),收率为61.5%,MS=672,mp=241℃,PL(二氯甲烷)=415nm。
实施例2
化合物25的合成
(1)中间体M7的合成
在250mL的三颈瓶中,依次加入咔唑16.72g,间溴碘苯42.44g,碘化亚铜1.9g,1,2-二氨基环己烷3.42g,无水磷酸钾42.4g和溶剂1,4-二氧六环160mL,N2置换三次,升温至回流,反应16h后停止。冷却至室温,过滤,收集滤液,通过柱色谱分离(二氯甲烷:正己烷=1:1-1:0),收到目标固体产物22g(69%)。M/Z=322。
(2)中间体M8的合成
在500 mL的三颈瓶中,依次加入中间体M7(20g,62.1mmol),双(频哪醇合)二硼(23.6g,93.2mmol),CH3COOK (17.5g,178.2mmol),1,4-二氧六环 300 mL和S-phos(5.35g,13.04mmol),N2置换三次,加入Pd2(dba)3(3.98g,4.35mmol)并升温至回流,反应24h后停止。冷却至室温,过滤,收集滤液,浓缩,柱色谱提纯(二氯甲烷:正己烷=0-1为流动相),收到灰白色固体17.4g(76%),MS=369。
(3)最终产物的合成
在100mL的三颈瓶中,依次加入M8(3.54g,9.6mmol),M1(3.6g,8mmol),磷酸钾(5.1g,24mmol),甲苯 45mL,水22mL,N2置换三次,再加入S-phos(0.13g,0.32mmol)和Pd2(dba)3(0.07g,0.08mmol)。置换N2且升温至回流,反应16h后停止。冷却至室温,过滤,用少量甲苯和甲醇洗涤,硅胶短柱除去黑色物质即得到白色固体4.31g(HPLC:99.8%),收率为88%,MS=613, mp=254℃,PL(二氯甲烷)=418nm。
实施例3
化合物26的合成
(1)中间体M9的合成
在250mL的三颈瓶中,依次加入咔唑(8.36g,50mmol),对溴碘苯(21.22g,75mmol),碘化亚铜(0.95g,5mmol),1,2-二氨基环己烷(1.71g,15mmol),无水磷酸钾(21.2g,100mmol)和溶剂1,4-二氧六环160mL,N2置换三次,升温至回流,反应16h后停止。冷却至室温,过滤,收集滤液,通过柱色谱分离(二氯甲烷:正己烷=1:1-1:0),收到目标固体产物13.4g(83.2%)。M/Z=322。
(2)中间体M10的合成
在500 mL的三颈瓶中,依次加入中间体M9(20g,62.1mmol),双(频哪醇合)二硼(23.6g,93.2mmol),CH3COOK (17.5g,178.2mmol),1,4-二氧六环 300 mL和S-phos(5.35g,13.04mmol),N2置换三次,加入Pd2(dba)3(3.98g,4.35mmol)并升温至回流,反应24h后停止。冷却至室温,过滤,收集滤液,浓缩,柱色谱提纯(二氯甲烷:正己烷=0-1为流动相),收到灰白色固体18.5g(81%),MS=369。
(3)最终产物的合成
在100mL的三颈瓶中,依次加入M10(3.54g,9.6mmol),M1(3.6g,8mmol),磷酸钾(5.1g,24mmol),甲苯 45mL,水22mL,N2置换三次,再加入S-phos(0.13g,0.32mmol)和Pd2(dba)3(0.07g,0.08mmol)。置换N2且升温至回流,反应6h后停止。冷却至室温,过滤,用少量甲苯和甲醇洗涤,硅胶短柱除去黑色物质即得到白色固体4.46g(HPLC:99.2%),收率为91%,MS=613, mp=284℃,PL(二氯甲烷)=420nm。
实施例4
化合物28的合成
在100mL的三颈瓶中,依次加入M2(1.78g,3.6mmol),9-溴-10-(2-萘基)蒽(1.15g,3mmol),磷酸钾(1.9g,9mmol),甲苯 30mL,水15mL,N2置换三次,再加入S-phos(0.13g,0.32mmol)和Pd2(dba)3 (0.07g,0.07mmol)。置换N2且升温至回流,反应16h后停止。冷却至室温,过滤,用少量甲苯和甲醇洗涤,硅胶短柱除去黑色物质即得到淡黄色固体4.46g(HPLC:99.2%),收率为91%,MS=672,PL(二氯甲烷)=440nm。
实施例5
化合物43的合成
在100mL的三颈瓶中,依次加入M1(3.6g,8mmol),4-硼酸二苯并噻吩(2.18g,9.6mmol),磷酸钾(5g,24mmol),甲苯 30mL,水15mL,N2置换三次,再加入S-phos(0.12g,0.30mmol)和Pd2(dba)3 (0.06g,0.07mmol)。置换N2且升温至回流,反应16h后停止。冷却至室温,过滤,用少量甲苯和甲醇洗涤,硅胶短柱除去黑色物质即得到灰白色固体3.8g(HPLC:99.2%),收率为87.2%,MS=545, , mp=342℃,PL(二氯甲烷)=418nm。
实施例6
器件应用实例
(蓝光OLED 制备及比较):在一个本底真空达10-5 帕的多源蒸发OLED 制备设备中,采用如下的器件机构:ITO/mTDATA(100Å)/NPD(400 Å)/Host:5% 蓝光掺杂剂6%(300 Å)/TPBi(300 Å)/LiF(10 Å)/Al ,使用不同的Host OLED 发光器件以便做比较。其中各有机层及电极的真空沉积速度于时间列于表1。
表1:OLED 器件制备条件 (发光层中掺杂wt浓度 9%)。
表2:OLED 器件性能。
表2说明本发明化合物28为例的蓝光掺杂发光OLED具有明显的深蓝发光性能,y值达到0.07。对比作为主体绿光磷光OLED也表明,本发明的化合物22 比现有的主体材料CBP具有更高的发光效率LE,且驱动电压更低。
以上所述,仅是本发明的较佳实施例而已,并非对本发明作任何形式上的限制。任何熟悉本领域的技术人员,在不脱离本发明技术方案范围情况下,都可利用上述揭示的技术内容对本发明技术方案做出许多可能的变动和修饰,或修改为等同变化的等效实施例。因此,凡是未脱离本发明技术方案的内容,依据本发明的技术实质对以上实施例所做的任何简单修改、等同变化及修饰,均仍属于本发明技术方案的保护范围内。

Claims (7)

1.一种有机化合物,具有如下通式:
其特征在于R1,R2,R3各自选自一苯基,一碳原子小于6的烷基,一碳原子数小于6的烷氧基;Ar为一芳杂融合环;
其特征是所述的芳杂融合环Ar为:
2.一个有机发光二极管,其特征在于所述的有机发光二极管由如下几部分组成:
(a)、一个阴极;
(b)、一个阳极;
(c)、一夹心于阴极与阳极之间的发光层,其中发光层含有权利要求1所述的化合物(Ⅰ):
其特征在于R1,R2,R3各自选自一苯基,一碳原子小于6的烷基,一碳原子数小于6的烷氧基;Ar为一芳杂融合环,其特征是所述的芳杂融合环Ar为:
3.根据权利要求2所述的有机发光二极管,其特征是发光层中含有小于50%(重量)含量的化合物(Ⅰ)。
4.根据权利要求2所述的有机发光二极管,其特征是发光层中可选含有一电子传输层、一空穴传输层。
5.一个有机发光二极管,其特征在于所述的有机发光二极管由如下几部分组成:
(a)、一个阴极;
(b)、一个阳极;
(c)、一夹心于阴极与阳极之间的发光层,其特征是所述的发光层中含有如下结构化合物的蓝色发光材料,具有发射波长为410-480 nm:
6.根据权利要求2所述的有机发光二极管,其特征是发光层中含有一主体材料,使用大于50%(重量)含量的化合物(Ⅰ) 作为主体材料。
7.根据权利要求4所述的有机发光二极管,其特征是所述的发光层中与一空穴型主体材料TCTA相配合应用:
TCTA:
CN201410193597.6A 2014-05-09 2014-05-09 一种蓝色有机发光二极管材料 Active CN103951621B (zh)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201410193597.6A CN103951621B (zh) 2014-05-09 2014-05-09 一种蓝色有机发光二极管材料

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201410193597.6A CN103951621B (zh) 2014-05-09 2014-05-09 一种蓝色有机发光二极管材料

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN103951621A CN103951621A (zh) 2014-07-30
CN103951621B true CN103951621B (zh) 2016-06-15

Family

ID=51329002

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN201410193597.6A Active CN103951621B (zh) 2014-05-09 2014-05-09 一种蓝色有机发光二极管材料

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN103951621B (zh)

Families Citing this family (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104672244B (zh) * 2015-02-14 2017-04-12 上海道亦化工科技有限公司 一种基于咔唑衍生物的化合物
CN105237519B (zh) * 2015-09-22 2019-02-22 北京大学 深蓝色电致发光化合物及其制备方法和应用
CN105461717B (zh) * 2016-01-07 2018-01-05 华南理工大学 基于1,10‑菲啰啉的热活化延迟荧光材料及其制备方法、应用
CN105646488A (zh) * 2016-03-16 2016-06-08 华南理工大学 一种基于1,10-菲啰啉的主体材料及其制备方法与应用
CN105647522B (zh) * 2016-03-28 2018-02-27 吉林大学 菲并咪唑‑蒽‑二苯胺衍生物发光材料及其在制备有机电致发光器件方面的应用
CN106450014B (zh) * 2016-10-12 2018-04-24 四川大学 一种深蓝色有机电致发光器件及其制备方法
TWI640513B (zh) * 2017-03-08 2018-11-11 國立清華大學 咪唑雜菲化合物以及包含其的有機發光二極體
CN108570037A (zh) * 2017-03-08 2018-09-25 郑建鸿 咪唑杂菲化合物以及包含其的有机发光二极管
CN107915745A (zh) * 2017-11-14 2018-04-17 长春海谱润斯科技有限公司 一种含有菲并咪唑结构的衍生物及其有机发光器件
CN110386926B (zh) * 2018-04-16 2021-02-09 武汉尚赛光电科技有限公司 一种含有苯并杂环结构的有机光电材料及其制备方法和应用
CN111978297A (zh) * 2019-05-24 2020-11-24 北京大学深圳研究生院 一种有机电致发光材料及其制备方法与应用
CN111320615B (zh) * 2019-12-31 2022-12-16 华南理工大学 一类基于s,s-二氧-二苯并噻吩和菲并咪唑的小分子及其在电致发光器件中的应用
CN112538077A (zh) * 2020-12-04 2021-03-23 华南理工大学 高激子利用率深蓝色有机发光材料及其制备与应用
CN113135902A (zh) * 2021-03-26 2021-07-20 广州万物物联科技有限公司 一种基于咔唑菲并咪唑的红光小分子及其制备方法
CN113527211A (zh) * 2021-08-18 2021-10-22 怀化学院 一类含苯乙烯基的菲并咪唑发光材料及其制备方法和应用
CN114349708A (zh) * 2021-12-31 2022-04-15 华南理工大学 一类含菲并咪唑的蓝色有机半导体材料及其制备方法与在oled中的应用
CN115286581B (zh) * 2022-08-02 2024-03-22 吉林大学 具有高固态发光效率的纯有机单分子白光材料及其在制备有机电致白光器件中的应用

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1505447A (zh) * 2002-11-29 2004-06-16 铼宝科技股份有限公司 有机电激发光元件
CN101694849B (zh) * 2009-09-22 2012-08-22 昆山维信诺显示技术有限公司 一种有机电致发光叠层器件
JP2012176929A (ja) * 2011-01-31 2012-09-13 Chemiprokasei Kaisha Ltd 新規なフェナンスロ[9,10−d]イミダゾール誘導体、発光材料及び有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子
CN102617477B (zh) * 2011-12-05 2016-10-05 武汉尚赛光电科技有限公司 菲并咪唑衍生物及其作为电致发光材料的应用
CN103165820A (zh) * 2013-03-20 2013-06-19 上海大学 一种顶发射白光有机电致发光器件及其制备方法
CN103367653B (zh) * 2013-07-10 2016-02-03 上海和辉光电有限公司 倒置型有机发光二极管显示器件及其制备方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN103951621A (zh) 2014-07-30

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN103951621B (zh) 一种蓝色有机发光二极管材料
Huang et al. Benzene-cored fluorophors with TPE peripheries: facile synthesis, crystallization-induced blue-shifted emission, and efficient blue luminogens for non-doped OLEDs
CN102558121B (zh) 有机光电子装置用化合物、有机发光二极管和显示器
Zhang et al. Triphenylamine/benzothiadiazole-based compounds for non-doped orange and red fluorescent OLEDs with high efficiencies and low efficiency roll-off
CN103694277A (zh) 一种红色磷光有机发光二极管
CN107017349B (zh) 有机发光显示装置
Liu et al. Highly efficient nondoped blue organic light-emitting diodes with high brightness and negligible efficiency roll-off based on anthracene-triazine derivatives
CN111320638B (zh) 基于三唑并三嗪的星型蓝色热活性延迟荧光材料及其应用
CN103187537A (zh) 一种高效白光有机电致发光器件
CN104004026A (zh) 一种电负性磷光材料
CN104557440A (zh) 一种取代苯并菲衍生物类有机发光二极管材料
CN104326971B (zh) 一种耐热性有机电负性半导体
CN104447505B (zh) 一种稳定的有机发光二极管
Wang et al. Spirotriphenylamine based star-shaped DA molecules meeting AIE chromophore for both efficient solution-processed doped and nondoped blue organic light-emitting diodes
CN114014812A (zh) 一种以芴为核的化合物及其制备方法和应用
CN106749341B (zh) 平衡电荷注入有机半导体及其有机发光二极管应用
CN104086524A (zh) 一种耐热性有机半导体
Liu et al. A quinoxaline-based charge-transfer compound for efficient deep-red organic light emitting diodes
CN103956436B (zh) 一种有机半导体空穴传输材料
CN109860430A (zh) 一种空穴传输激子阻挡有机材料及其应用
Zhang et al. Bipolar fluorene-cored derivatives containing carbazole-benzothiazole hybrids as non-doped emitters for deep-blue electroluminescence
CN103682169B (zh) 一种双极性本体材料
CN106898709A (zh) 一种红色磷光有机电致发光器件
Quan et al. A Silole‐Based Efficient Electroluminescent Material with Good Electron‐Transporting Potential
CN106654035A (zh) 一种有机半导体主体材料及其有机发光二极管应用

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
C06 Publication
PB01 Publication
C10 Entry into substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
C14 Grant of patent or utility model
GR01 Patent grant
TR01 Transfer of patent right

Effective date of registration: 20201120

Address after: 1101, building 3, Yinxing Zhijie, No. 1301-76, sightseeing Road, Xinlan community, Guanlan street, Longhua District, Shenzhen City, Guangdong Province

Patentee after: GUANMAT OPTOELECTRONIC MATERIALS (SHENZHEN) Co.,Ltd.

Address before: 337004 Jiangxi city of Pingxiang province Chishan Industrial Park

Patentee before: JIANGXIN GUANMAT OPTOELECTRONIC MATERIALS Co.,Ltd.

TR01 Transfer of patent right