CN103907523B - A kind of Camellia nitidissima Chi seedling high-altitude layer rapid breeding method - Google Patents
A kind of Camellia nitidissima Chi seedling high-altitude layer rapid breeding method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of Camellia nitidissima Chi seedling high-altitude layer rapid breeding method, belongs to Camellia nitidissima Chi raising technology field, and its technical essential comprises the steps: that (1) elite stand branch is chosen; (2) girdling branch; (3) matrix treatments; (4) matrix parcel; (5) manage after layer; (6) plant cuts kind; It is desirable to provide a kind of easy and simple to handle, seedling raise period is short and surviving rate is higher Camellia nitidissima Chi seedling high-altitude layer rapid breeding method; Breed for Camellia nitidissima Chi.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Camellia nitidissima Chi sapling multiplication method, more specifically, particularly relate to a kind of Camellia nitidissima Chi seedling high-altitude layer rapid breeding method.
Background technology
Camellia nitidissima Chi (Camelliachrysantha) is out the common name of the Flower of Japanese Camellia of yellow flower, belongs to Theaceae Camellia Sectio Chrysantha. Camellia nitidissima Chi is described as " giant panda of vegitabilia ", " tea race queen ". Camellia nitidissima Chi not only has extremely high ornamental plantation and is worth, and due to amino acid containing natural tea-polyphenol and tea polysaccharide and needed by human of the leaf of Camellia nitidissima Chi and flower and various trace element, in prevention and cure of cardiovascular disease, arteriosclerosis, delaying senility, improve and have good prevention effect and health-care effect in body's immunity etc., therefore its economic worth and pharmaceutical use are all very remarkable. Owing to Camellia nitidissima Chi is famous and precious and has special sight and pharmaceutical use, the market development in recent years utilizes very active, and the demand of nursery stock resource is also especially aobvious in short supply. The artificial propagation of Camellia nitidissima Chi mainly adopts seed breeding at first, owing to the Natural seed setting rate of Camellia nitidissima Chi is very low, causes reproduction speed slower. At present, the breeding of the Camellia nitidissima Chi method adopting cuttage and stock grafting more.
Wherein, cuttage seeding breed the cycle generally all will more than 1 year, it is necessary to liquid manure control after structure through nursery field, the preparation of seedling medium, cuttage and the management of carefulness, just can start after waiting 1 to 2 month root. Refilling nutrient cup resume after going out root and manage more than 1 year, just can go out garden plantation, whole growing-seedling period at least takes 1 year to 1 year half. In addition, also there is the shortcomings such as root system is undeveloped, plantation growth is relatively slow, surviving rate is low, not easily bloom in cuttage seeding.
Graft needs to build cool canopy equally, cultivates stock, also wants overlay film to be incubated after grafting, after extracting minimum twice of the new tip out, just can transplant, and go out the tip time for twice after grafting place healing, when at least needing 8 months to 1 year. The same problem that cycle length is bred in existence, surviving rate is low.
Above-mentioned two kinds of methods not only consume bigger reproductive material, cost height, management difficulty greatly, not easily promote, and cultivation period is longer, is unfavorable for large-scale production and the Application and Development of Camellia nitidissima Chi vegetative propagation.
Only solve artificial rapid propagation, expand the planting number of artificial Camellia nitidissima Chi, set up the planting base that commercial development utilizes, this precious resources just can be made to obtain the most effective protection and developmental utilization, it is achieved the true value of its resource.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to for above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, it is provided that a kind of easy and simple to handle, seedling raise period is short and surviving rate is higher Camellia nitidissima Chi seedling high-altitude layer rapid breeding method.
The technical scheme of the present invention is achieved in that a kind of Camellia nitidissima Chi seedling high-altitude layer rapid breeding method, comprises the steps:
(1) elite stand branch is chosen: more than 3 years on the elite stand of the age of tree, selects the thick 0.6cm��1cm of stem, grows 1��2 year and have the branch of 2��3 branches;
(2) girdling branch: 5��10cm place carries out girdling below the branch of selected branch, dries moisture after girdling;
(3) matrix treatments: by liver moss disinfection, then with root-growing agent solution impregnation after 10��15 minutes for subsequent use;
(4) matrix parcel: by the liver moss after infiltration with being wrapped in the branch girdling mouth place drying moisture with plastics film, moss depth is 1.5��3.5cm;
(5) managing after layer: according to weather condition, the humidity of control liver moss, carries out water filling, carries out water squeezing when liver moss crosses wet when liver moss crosses dry, keeps liver moss to be in moisture state;
(6) plant cuts kind: manage 60��80 days after layer, it is vigorous and when root system transfers redness to that plant seedling goes out root, below girdling mouth, branch is cut by place, untie the liver moss of parcel, girdling mouth is carried out disinfection, and then with root-growing agent solution impregnation after 3��10 minutes, general planting can be carried out.
In above-mentioned a kind of Camellia nitidissima Chi seedling high-altitude layer rapid breeding method, step (2) described girdling branch is specially: below the branch of selected branch, 5��10cm place interval girdling two is enclosed, girdling place to the girdling distance of this branch end is the spacing between 40��60cm and two circles is 2��4cm, the degree of depth that two rings are cut is the thickness of bark, bark between enclosing two is peeled off, and then exposed phloem is peeled off completely, after peeling off, airing 24 hours, dries moisture.
In above-mentioned a kind of Camellia nitidissima Chi seedling high-altitude layer rapid breeding method, matrix treatments described in step (3) is specially: the potassium permanganate solution that liver moss concentration is 0.01%��0.05% is embathed disinfection in 10��20 minutes, then with the root-growing agent solution impregnation after dilution 1000��1200 times after 10��15 minutes for subsequent use.
In above-mentioned a kind of Camellia nitidissima Chi seedling high-altitude layer rapid breeding method, matrix parcel described in step (4) is specially: first become hydraucone shape with wherein one end of plastics film at branch periphery ring, then with rope by fixing for the lower end binding of hydraucone, this binding place is positioned at 2��4cm place below girdling mouth and girdling mouth is positioned at hydraucone inside, then the liver moss after infiltration is packed in hydraucone, the plastics film of the fixing liver moss periphery of liver moss limit rope binding is filled on limit, until liver moss upper end is positioned at above girdling mouth, finally plastics film bag is closed sealing, fixing with rope binding again, this binding place is positioned at 2��4cm place above girdling mouth, the moss depth being positioned at girdling mouth periphery is 1.5��3.5cm.
In above-mentioned a kind of Camellia nitidissima Chi seedling high-altitude layer rapid breeding method, the plastics film after binding is duck's egg shape.
In above-mentioned a kind of Camellia nitidissima Chi seedling high-altitude layer rapid breeding method, the disinfection that carried out by girdling mouth described in step (6) is specially the m-tetrachlorophthalodinitrile solution after with dilution 800��1000 times and carries out disinfection.
In above-mentioned a kind of Camellia nitidissima Chi seedling high-altitude layer rapid breeding method, the root-growing agent solution described in step (6) is the root-growing agent solution after dilution 1000��1200 times.
After the present invention adopts aforesaid method, growth characteristics according to Camellia nitidissima Chi, adopt high-altitude layer method to adopt liver moss as seedling medium simultaneously, make the nursery of Camellia nitidissima Chi go out the garden time and only need 60��80 days, compare cuttage and grafting, at least shorten the cultivation time of 10 to 12 months, and adopt the plant bred in this way, surviving rate is more than 95%, and more than surviving rate twice higher than the plant that prior art is bred, plant is very healthy and strong. Shorten the time that nursery goes out garden very significantly, this be very purpose less than. Further, adopt nursery in this way, directly cut branch after taking root and can directly plant, it is not necessary to load in nutrient cup and carry out practicing seedling. Through the management of 3 years behind the lower ground of kind, the Camellia nitidissima Chi of more than 90% can realize blooming, and this also significantly reduces out the time spent, greatly increases Camellia nitidissima Chi from plantation to the time of income.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail, but does not form any limitation of the invention.
A kind of Camellia nitidissima Chi seedling high-altitude layer rapid breeding method of the present invention, comprises the steps:
(1) elite stand branch is chosen: more than 3 years on the elite stand of the age of tree, selects the thick 0.6cm��1cm of stem, grows 1��2 year and have the branch of 2��3 branches;
(2) girdling branch: 5��10cm place interval girdling two is enclosed below the branch of selected branch, girdling place to the girdling distance of this branch end is the spacing between 40��60cm and two circles is 2��4cm, the degree of depth that two rings are cut is the thickness of bark, bark between enclosing two is peeled off, and then exposed phloem is peeled off completely, airing 24 hours after peeling off, moisture is dried, adopt and first shell the mode that bark shells phloem again, can very well ensure not injure branch inside when peeling off, damage branch inner when preventing from peeling off and occur that female branch nutrient is unable to supply the problem occurring branch death to branch, spacing between two girdling, can not excessive can not be excessively little, spacing is crossed hour, and girdling mouth easily heals, experiment proves, when girdling young in 2cm time, the branch after girdling just there will be the situation of healing, and, owing to girdling is made a slip of the tongue little, going out root comparatively small amt, being educated sapling will be more weak, and surviving rate will reduce, and when girdling mouth is greater than 4cm, elite stand nutrient is unable to supply to branch, causing the branch after girdling withered, surviving rate is very low.
(3) matrix treatments: the potassium permanganate solution that liver moss concentration is 0.01%��0.05% is embathed disinfection in 10��20 minutes, then with the root-growing agent solution impregnation after dilution 1000��1200 times after 10��15 minutes for subsequent use; Substrate for breeding all adopts liver moss, and its effect to keep moisture humidity, Gas permeability, keeps nutrient.
(4) matrix parcel: first become hydraucone shape with wherein one end of plastics film at branch periphery ring, then with rope by fixing for the lower end binding of hydraucone, this binding place is positioned at 2��4cm place below girdling mouth and girdling mouth is positioned at hydraucone inside, then the liver moss after infiltration is packed in hydraucone, the plastics film of the fixing liver moss periphery of liver moss limit rope binding is filled on limit, until liver moss upper end is positioned at above girdling mouth, finally plastics film bag is closed sealing, fixing with rope binding again, this binding place is positioned at 2��4cm place above girdling mouth; The moss depth being positioned at girdling mouth periphery is 1.5��3.5cm; Plastics film after binding is sturdy is duck's egg shape, and such structure, has following advantage: 1. when ensureing girdling mouth place's moss depth, saves substrates quantity; 2., when equal substrates quantity, the stromal thickness at girdling mouth place is much larger than the thickness of girdling mouth place matrix during other shapes of employing so that the matrix at girdling mouth place can remain on moisture state the long period, thus is conducive to girdling mouth place to go out root.
(5) managing after layer: according to weather condition, the humidity of control liver moss, carries out water filling, carries out water squeezing when liver moss crosses wet when liver moss crosses dry, keeps liver moss to be in moisture state;
(6) plant cuts kind: manage 60��80 days after layer, it is vigorous and when root system transfers redness to that plant seedling goes out root, below girdling mouth, branch is cut by place, untie the liver moss of parcel, m-tetrachlorophthalodinitrile solution after girdling mouth dilution 800��1000 times is carried out disinfection, and then after 3��10 minutes, general planting can be carried out with the root-growing agent solution impregnation after dilution 1000��1200 times. Its general planting technology is: will have and shade about 75%, heatable adobe sleeping platform 60cm �� 60cm, to be drenched foot water and often keep soil moistening after planting lower ground. Plant through the management more than 90% of 3 years can bloom.
Experimental example 1
(1) elite stand branch is chosen: more than 3 years on the elite stand of the age of tree, selects the thick 0.6cm��1cm of stem, grows 1��2 year and have totally 100, the branch of 2��3 branches;
(2) girdling branch: 5cm place interval girdling two is enclosed below the branch of selected branch, girdling place to the girdling distance of this branch end is the spacing between 40��60cm and two circles is 2cm, the degree of depth that two rings are cut is the thickness of bark, bark between enclosing two is peeled off, and then exposed phloem is peeled off completely, after peeling off, airing 24 hours, dries moisture;
(3) matrix treatments: the potassium permanganate solution that liver moss concentration is 0.01% is embathed disinfection in 10 minutes, then with dilution 1000 times after root-growing agent solution impregnation after 10 minutes for subsequent use;
(4) matrix parcel: the plastics film selecting specification 28*25cm, the otch of an about 5cm is cut along its length in the middle of plastics film wherein one end along its length, otch is in order to handled easily, first the otch on plastics film is inserted on branch and becomes hydraucone shape at branch periphery ring, then with rope by fixing for the lower end binding of hydraucone, this binding place is positioned at 2cm place below girdling mouth and girdling mouth is positioned at hydraucone inside, then the liver moss after infiltration is packed in hydraucone, the plastics film of the fixing liver moss periphery of liver moss limit rope binding is filled on limit, until liver moss upper end is positioned at above girdling mouth, finally plastics film bag is closed sealing, fixing with rope binding again, this binding place is positioned at 2cm place above girdling mouth, the moss depth being positioned at girdling mouth periphery is 1.5cm, plastics film after binding is sturdy is duck's egg shape,
(5) managing after layer: according to weather condition, the humidity of control liver moss, carries out water filling, carries out water squeezing when liver moss crosses wet when liver moss crosses dry, keeps liver moss to be in moisture state;
(6) plant cuts kind: manage 60��80 days after layer, it is vigorous and when root system transfers redness to that plant seedling goes out root, below girdling mouth, branch is cut by place, untie the liver moss of parcel, m-tetrachlorophthalodinitrile solution after girdling mouth is diluted 800 times carries out disinfection, and then after 3 minutes, general planting can be carried out with the root-growing agent solution impregnation after dilution 1000 times.
100 experiment branches in the present embodiment, after layer, the of management within 60-65 days, to grow the branch quantity of vigorous and red root system be 25 articles, it it is 23 articles in the branch quantity growing vigorous and red root system for 66-70 days, it is 28 articles in the branch quantity growing vigorous and red root system for 70-75 days, it is 24 articles in the branch quantity growing vigorous and red root system for 76-80 days. Cutting after kind planting down, surviving rate is 95%, manages after 3 years, and the Camellia nitidissima Chi of about 91% blooms.
Experimental example 2
(1) elite stand branch is chosen: more than 3 years on the elite stand of the age of tree, selects the thick 0.6cm��1cm of stem, grows 1��2 year and have totally 100, the branch of 2��3 branches;
(2) girdling branch: 8cm place interval girdling two is enclosed below the branch of selected branch, girdling place to the girdling distance of this branch end is the spacing between 40��60cm and two circles is 3cm, the degree of depth that two rings are cut is the thickness of bark, bark between enclosing two is peeled off, and then exposed phloem is peeled off completely, after peeling off, airing 24 hours, dries moisture;
(3) matrix treatments: the potassium permanganate solution that liver moss concentration is 0.03% is embathed disinfection in 15 minutes, then with dilution 1100 times after root-growing agent solution impregnation after 12 minutes for subsequent use;
(4) matrix parcel: the plastics film selecting specification 28*25cm, the otch of an about 5cm is cut along its length in the middle of plastics film wherein one end along its length, otch is in order to handled easily, first the otch on plastics film is inserted on branch and becomes hydraucone shape at branch periphery ring, then with rope by fixing for the lower end binding of hydraucone, this binding place is positioned at 3cm place below girdling mouth and girdling mouth is positioned at hydraucone inside, then the liver moss after infiltration is packed in hydraucone, the plastics film of the fixing liver moss periphery of liver moss limit rope binding is filled on limit, until liver moss upper end is positioned at above girdling mouth, finally plastics film bag is closed sealing, fixing with rope binding again, this binding place is positioned at 3cm place above girdling mouth, the moss depth being positioned at girdling mouth periphery is 2cm, plastics film after binding is sturdy is duck's egg shape,
(5) managing after layer: according to weather condition, the humidity of control liver moss, carries out water filling, carries out water squeezing when liver moss crosses wet when liver moss crosses dry, keeps liver moss to be in moisture state;
(6) plant cuts kind: manage 60��80 days after layer, it is vigorous and when root system transfers redness to that plant seedling goes out root, below girdling mouth, branch is cut by place, untie the liver moss of parcel, m-tetrachlorophthalodinitrile solution after girdling mouth is diluted 900 times carries out disinfection, and then after 6 minutes, general planting can be carried out with the root-growing agent solution impregnation after dilution 1100 times.
100 experiment branches in the present embodiment, after layer, the of management within 60-65 days, to grow the branch quantity of vigorous and red root system be 20 articles, it it is 27 articles in the branch quantity growing vigorous and red root system for 66-70 days, it is 30 articles in the branch quantity growing vigorous and red root system for 70-75 days, it is 23 articles in the branch quantity growing vigorous and red root system for 76-80 days. Cutting after kind planting down, surviving rate is 98%, manages after 3 years, and the Camellia nitidissima Chi of about 96% blooms.
Experimental example 3
(1) elite stand branch is chosen: more than 3 years on the elite stand of the age of tree, selects the thick 0.6cm��1cm of stem, grows 1��2 year and have totally 100, the branch of 2��3 branches;
(2) girdling branch: 10cm place interval girdling two is enclosed below the branch of selected branch, girdling place to the girdling distance of this branch end is the spacing between 40��60cm and two circles is 4cm, the degree of depth that two rings are cut is the thickness of bark, bark between enclosing two is peeled off, and then exposed phloem is peeled off completely, after peeling off, airing 24 hours, dries moisture;
(3) matrix treatments: the potassium permanganate solution that liver moss concentration is 0.03% is embathed disinfection in 20 minutes, then with dilution 1200 times after root-growing agent solution impregnation after 15 minutes for subsequent use;
(4) matrix parcel: the plastics film selecting specification 28*25cm, the otch of an about 5cm is cut along its length in the middle of plastics film wherein one end along its length, otch is in order to handled easily, first the otch on plastics film is inserted on branch and becomes hydraucone shape at branch periphery ring, then with rope by fixing for the lower end binding of hydraucone, this binding place is positioned at 4cm place below girdling mouth and girdling mouth is positioned at hydraucone inside, then the liver moss after infiltration is packed in hydraucone, the plastics film of the fixing liver moss periphery of liver moss limit rope binding is filled on limit, until liver moss upper end is positioned at above girdling mouth, finally plastics film bag is closed sealing, fixing with rope binding again, this binding place is positioned at 4cm place above girdling mouth, the moss depth being positioned at girdling mouth periphery is 3.5cm, plastics film after binding is sturdy is duck's egg shape,
(5) managing after layer: according to weather condition, the humidity of control liver moss, carries out water filling, carries out water squeezing when liver moss crosses wet when liver moss crosses dry, keeps liver moss to be in moisture state;
(6) plant cuts kind: manage 60��80 days after layer, it is vigorous and when root system transfers redness to that plant seedling goes out root, below girdling mouth, branch is cut by place, untie the liver moss of parcel, m-tetrachlorophthalodinitrile solution after girdling mouth is diluted 1000 times carries out disinfection, and then after 10 minutes, general planting can be carried out with the root-growing agent solution impregnation after dilution 1200 times.
100 experiment branches in the present embodiment, after layer, the of management within 60-65 days, to grow the branch quantity of vigorous and red root system be 28 articles, it it is 23 articles in the branch quantity growing vigorous and red root system for 66-70 days, it is 18 articles in the branch quantity growing vigorous and red root system for 70-75 days, it is 31 articles in the branch quantity growing vigorous and red root system for 76-80 days. Cutting after kind planting down, surviving rate is 97%, manages after 3 years, and the Camellia nitidissima Chi of about 94% blooms.
Claims (5)
1. a Camellia nitidissima Chi seedling high-altitude layer rapid breeding method, it is characterised in that, comprise the steps:
(1) elite stand branch is chosen: more than 3 years on the elite stand of the age of tree, selects the thick 0.6cm��1cm of stem, grows 1��2 year and have the branch of 2��3 branches;
(2) girdling branch: 5��10cm place carries out girdling below the branch of selected branch, dries moisture after girdling;
(3) matrix treatments: by liver moss disinfection, then with root-growing agent solution impregnation after 10��15 minutes for subsequent use;
(4) matrix parcel: the liver moss after infiltrating is wrapped in the branch girdling mouth place drying moisture with plastics film, and moss depth is 1.5��3.5cm; It is specially: first become hydraucone shape with wherein one end of plastics film at branch periphery ring, then with rope by fixing for the lower end binding of hydraucone, this binding place is positioned at 2��4cm place below girdling mouth and girdling mouth is positioned at hydraucone inside, then the liver moss after infiltration is packed in hydraucone, the plastics film of the fixing liver moss periphery of liver moss limit rope binding is filled on limit, until liver moss upper end is positioned at above girdling mouth, finally plastics film bag is closed sealing, fixing with rope binding again, this binding place is positioned at 2��4cm place above girdling mouth; The moss depth being positioned at girdling mouth periphery is 1.5��3.5cm; Plastics film after binding is duck's egg shape;
(5) managing after layer: according to weather condition, the humidity of control liver moss, carries out water filling, carries out water squeezing when liver moss crosses wet when liver moss crosses dry, keeps liver moss to be in moisture state;
(6) plant cuts kind: manage 60��80 days after layer, it is vigorous and when root system transfers redness to that plant seedling goes out root, below girdling mouth, branch is cut by place, untie the film of parcel, girdling mouth is carried out disinfection, and then with root-growing agent solution impregnation after 3��10 minutes, general planting can be carried out.
2. a kind of Camellia nitidissima Chi seedling high-altitude according to claim 1 layer rapid breeding method, it is characterized in that, step (2) described girdling branch is specially: below the branch of selected branch, 5��10cm place interval girdling two is enclosed, girdling place to the girdling distance of this branch end is the spacing between 40��60cm and two circles is 2��4cm, the degree of depth that two rings are cut is the thickness of bark, bark between enclosing two is peeled off, and then exposed phloem is peeled off completely, after peeling off, airing 24 hours, dries moisture.
3. a kind of Camellia nitidissima Chi seedling high-altitude according to claim 1 layer rapid breeding method, it is characterized in that, matrix treatments described in step (3) is specially: the potassium permanganate solution that liver moss concentration is 0.01%��0.05% is embathed disinfection in 10��20 minutes, then with the root-growing agent solution impregnation after dilution 1000��1200 times after 10��15 minutes for subsequent use.
4. a kind of Camellia nitidissima Chi seedling high-altitude according to claim 1 layer rapid breeding method, it is characterised in that, the disinfection that carried out by girdling mouth described in step (6) is specially the m-tetrachlorophthalodinitrile solution after with dilution 800��1000 times and carries out disinfection.
5. a kind of Camellia nitidissima Chi seedling high-altitude layer rapid breeding method according to claim 1 or 4, it is characterised in that, the root-growing agent solution described in step (6) is the root-growing agent solution after dilution 1000��1200 times.
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| CN103262739A (en) * | 2013-05-28 | 2013-08-28 | 广西桂人堂金花茶产业集团股份有限公司 | Method for fast cultivating golden camellia bonsai |
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| CN103262739A (en) * | 2013-05-28 | 2013-08-28 | 广西桂人堂金花茶产业集团股份有限公司 | Method for fast cultivating golden camellia bonsai |
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