CN103262739B - Method for fast cultivating golden camellia bonsai - Google Patents
Method for fast cultivating golden camellia bonsai Download PDFInfo
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- CN103262739B CN103262739B CN201310202222.7A CN201310202222A CN103262739B CN 103262739 B CN103262739 B CN 103262739B CN 201310202222 A CN201310202222 A CN 201310202222A CN 103262739 B CN103262739 B CN 103262739B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for fast cultivating a golden camellia bonsai. The method comprises a step of cultivating a seed tree, a step of selecting branches, a step of pressing the branches in the air, a step of overshadowing the seed tree, a step of exercising seedlings in the air, a step of clipping a plant, a step of exercising the seedlings on the ground, a step of transplanting the seedlings to a flower pot and other technical steps. The method is simple and convenient, easy to operate and high in survival rate, flowering time of the golden camellia bonsai can be greatly shortened, and the process of manufacturing the bonsai can be accelerated.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to jasmine tea processing technique field, specifically relate to the jasmine tea processing method of Camellia nitidissima.
Background technology
Camellia nitidissima (Camellia nitidissima chi) is Theaceae, Camellia, Ser. Chrysanthae plant.Camellia nitidissima is traditional famous flower of special product of China, and be also global famous and precious ornamental plants, its floral wax matter is golden yellow, and the beautiful stamen of golden lobe, sparkling and crystal-clear bright and clean, it is described as " tea race queen ".Its natural distribution of Camellia nitidissima is extremely narrow, and the wild Camellia nitidissima in the whole world 90% is only distributed in blue mountain offshoot one band of China's tourist resources's Shiwan Dashan.Through the authoritative department of modern medicine and the mensuration of related scientific research mechanism: the nontoxic level of golden flower Camellia, be rich in the multiple natural nutrition compositions such as Tea Polyphenols, Total saponin, general flavone, tea polysaccharide, Tea Pigment, caffeine, vitamin, amino acid; And human body is had to the various trace elements such as natural organic germanium (Ge), selenium (Se), molybdenum (Mo), zinc (Zn), vanadium (V) of important health-care effect, be one of plant that occurring in nature is medicinal, nutritive value is the abundantest.Through clinical trial certificate: Camellia nitidissima has the special health-care effects such as reducing blood lipid, norcholesterol, the growth of hypotensive, Tumor suppression, anti-ageing, the multiple enzyme of human activin, belongs to medicinal and edible plant, has higher medicinal health value.
Camellia nitidissima has abundant medical value and economic worth, its sight is very high, along with the raising of Camellia nitidissima popularity and attention rate, current Camellia nitidissima is generally planted in park, botanical garden or view and admire for people as potted landscape, simultaneously due to the famous and precious property of Camellia nitidissima, the dark favor being subject to numerous Gardener author and consumer, a lot of camellia fan it can be used as the ornamental stunted shrubs having characteristic to plant in family.But the propagation method of Camellia nitidissima mainly adopts sexual propagation all the time, growth rate is slow, and cultivation period is long, from plantation Camellia nitidissima to blooming upper basin at least 6 ~ 7 years, in time, consumed long, is difficult to meeting the market requirement, is difficult to large area and plants in gardens or universal in common people family with potted landscape form.The Camellia nitidissima cultivating out by artificial breeding now gets more and more, but adopt common artificial cultivation method also still to there are some defects, as first passed through the shaping stock of bough cutting survival, be used further to Camellia nitidissima grafting survival, cultivation, upper basin, it is long to there is the cultivation time in it, makes potted landscape difficulty large, production cost is high, the problem not easily promoted.
Current searching one is more quick, can effectively shorten cultivation time and flowering time, and the golden camellia bonsai fast breeding method that cultivation survival rate is high will be deeply popular, and will have good development prospect.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of simple to operate, can greatly shorten golden camellia bonsai flowering time, accelerate the golden camellia bonsai fast breeding method of bonsai production speed.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of golden camellia bonsai fast breeding method, its breeding method comprises the steps:
(1) elite stand seed selection: selection limb is sturdy, healthy cultivates without the golden flower tea tree of insect bite.
(2) branch is chosen: select to possess the ability of blooming on elite stand and growth more than 2 years, stem is slightly the branch of branch as overhead layering of 0.6 ~ 0.9cm, and this branch comprises 2 ~ 3 bifurcated small stems.
(3) overhead layering: overhead layering process is carried out to the branch of the overhead layering chosen, band girdle is being carried out apart from its branch bifurcated 15 ~ 20cm place, band girdle phloem width 1.0 ~ 1.5cm, ABT root-inducing powder 550 ~ 650ppm solution is first used to smear band girdle mouth one circle, again with moistening wood chip and soft earth parcel band girdle mouth, then layer adopts plastic film to pack tightly and bundlees two ends with rope thereon; The weight proportion of described moistening wood chip and soft earth is 1: 5 ~ 7.
(4) elite stand is sheltered from heat or light: the elite stand after overhead layering process being placed in shading rate is growth of sheltering from heat or light under the sunshade net of 95%, is conducive to root growth like this.
(5) high-altitude hardening: the branch of overhead layering grows root system in band girdle mouth place after 4 ~ 5 months gradually, carries out half-turn band girdle hardening in rope binding place lower end, and the hardening time is 5 ~ 6 months, this step is very crucial, half-turn band girdle hardening can improve the survival rate of follow-up lower ground hardening, because usually plant is after 9 ~ October press strip, just transplanting can be sheared, but unexpected shearing is transplanted plant injury very large, particularity particularly for the growth of Camellia nitidissima can cause transplanting success not high, so the present invention carries out semi-ring stripping process after press strip is taken root for 4 ~ 5 months, its nutriment part is made to be deposited in half band girdle place, a part is normally carried in addition, reach the object of hardening, reduce the injury of shearing and transplanting and being subject to, plant is made to have the over adaptation stage, thus raising transplanting success.
(6) plant clip: through the nascent plant of high-altitude hardening, cuts and otch of sterilizing at its half-turn band girdle mouth place; Sterilization otch adopts thiophanate methyl 1000 times of liquid to carry out disinfection.
(7) ground hardening under: nascent plant is transplanted to booth and carries out hardening, with light-illuminating 2 ~ 4 hours during 20:00 ~ 24:00 at night, intensity of illumination is 800 ~ 1500Lux, strengthens rich water quality management during hardening, and the hardening time is 3 ~ 4 months.
(8) upper basin: the plantlet of transplant that lower ground hardening is good is cultivated to flowerpot.
In elite stand seed selection of the present invention, the dry diameter >=2cm of the major branch of elite stand, regularly applies fertilizer to elite stand, every strain golden flower tea tree sealing fertilizer 5 ~ 10g, every fertilising in 2 ~ 3 months once.
The ABT root-inducing powder adopted in the present invention, thiophanate methyl all can commercially obtain.
The present invention has the following advantages:
(1) it is short to cultivate the golden camellia bonsai time, and according to conventional method plantation Camellia nitidissima to blooming upper basin at least 6-7 years, and add the method for high-altitude hardening with overhead layering, half time of about 1 year of time can form potted landscape of blooming.
(2) overhead layering plant adopts the measure of half-turn band girdle hardening, and transplanting survival rate is high, and growth is quick, and general overhead layering plantlet of transplant survival rate is lower, because lack high-altitude hardening link, otch damage is comparatively large, poor growth.
(3) adopt elite stand to shelter from heat or light measure, increase the high pressure seedling long root time, root system is more flourishing than general high voltage seedling.
(4) accent light hardening technology, adds potted landscape growth and root system development time.
Embodiment
Below by embodiment, the invention will be further described, but not as limitation of the present invention.
embodiment 1
Golden camellia bonsai fast breeding method of the present invention comprises the steps:
(1) elite stand seed selection: select limb sturdy, the dry diameter >=2cm of major branch, health is cultivated without the golden flower tea tree of insect bite; Simultaneously regular elite stand to be applied fertilizer, every strain golden flower tea tree sealing fertilizer 5 ~ 10g, every fertilising in 2 months once.
(2) branch is chosen: select to possess the ability of blooming on elite stand and growth more than 2 years, stem is slightly the branch of branch as overhead layering of 0.6 ~ 0.9cm, and this branch comprises 2 ~ 3 bifurcated small stems; Such overhead layering transplants the Camellia nitidissima plant that successfully can form 2 ~ 3 bifurcateds, better appearance when blooming like this.
(3) overhead layering: overhead layering process is carried out to the branch of the overhead layering chosen, band girdle is being carried out apart from its branch bifurcated 15 ~ 20cm place, band girdle phloem width 1.0 ~ 1.5cm, ABT root-inducing powder No. 1 550 ~ 650ppm solution is first used to smear band girdle mouth one circle, again with moistening wood chip and soft earth parcel band girdle mouth, then layer adopts plastic film to pack tightly and bundlees two ends with rope thereon; The weight proportion of moistening wood chip and soft earth is 1: 5 ~ 7.
(4) elite stand is sheltered from heat or light: the elite stand after overhead layering process being placed in shading rate is growth of sheltering from heat or light under the sunshade net of 95%; Utilization is sheltered from heat or light increases the root growth time.
(5) high-altitude hardening: the branch of overhead layering grows root system in band girdle mouth place after 4 ~ 5 months gradually, carries out half-turn band girdle hardening in rope binding place lower end, and the hardening time is 5 ~ 6 months.
(6) plant clip: through the nascent plant of high-altitude hardening, cuts at its half-turn band girdle mouth place, and with thiophanate methyl 1000 times of liquid disinfectant otch.
(7) ground hardening under: nascent plant is transplanted to booth and carries out hardening, with light-illuminating 2 ~ 4 hours during 20:00 ~ 24:00 at night, intensity of illumination is 800 ~ 1500Lux, strengthens rich water quality management during hardening, and the hardening time is 3 ~ 4 months.
(8) upper basin: the plantlet of transplant that lower ground hardening is good is cultivated to flowerpot, adds a little base fertilizer in right amount bottom flowerpot, executes phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer in right amount more.
Adopt method of the present invention, after the hardening of Camellia nitidissima high-altitude, transplanting survival rate is
90more than %, and growth is fast, from elite stand seed selection to cultivation, basin only needs the time of 1 year about half.
embodiment 2
Golden camellia bonsai fast breeding method of the present invention comprises the steps:
(1) elite stand seed selection: select limb sturdy, the dry diameter >=2cm of major branch, health is cultivated without the golden flower tea tree of insect bite; Simultaneously regularly apply fertilizer to elite stand, every strain golden flower tea tree sealing fertilizer 8 ~ 10g, fertilising in 2 months once.
(2) branch is chosen: select to possess the ability of blooming on elite stand and growth more than 2 years, stem is slightly the branch of branch as overhead layering of 0.7 ~ 0.8cm, and this branch comprises 2 ~ 3 bifurcated small stems; Such overhead layering transplants the Camellia nitidissima plant that successfully can form 2 ~ 3 bifurcateds, better appearance when blooming like this.
(3) overhead layering: overhead layering process is carried out to the branch of the overhead layering chosen, band girdle is being carried out apart from its branch bifurcated 15 ~ 18cm place, band girdle phloem width 1.2 ~ 1.5cm, first smear band girdle mouth one circle with ABT root-inducing powder No. 1 600ppm solution, again with moistening wood chip and soft earth parcel band girdle mouth, then layer adopts plastic film to pack tightly and bundlees two ends with rope thereon; The weight proportion of moistening wood chip and soft earth is 1: 5.
(4) elite stand is sheltered from heat or light: the elite stand after overhead layering process being placed in shading rate is growth of sheltering from heat or light under the sunshade net of 95%; Utilization is sheltered from heat or light increases the root growth time.
(5) high-altitude hardening: the branch of overhead layering grows root system in band girdle mouth place after 5 months gradually, carries out half-turn band girdle hardening in rope binding place lower end, and the hardening time is 5 months.
(6) plant clip: through the nascent plant of high-altitude hardening, cuts at its half-turn band girdle mouth place, and with thiophanate methyl 1000 times of liquid disinfectant otch.
(7) ground hardening under: nascent plant is transplanted to booth and carries out hardening, with light-illuminating 4 hours during 20:00 ~ 24:00 at night, intensity of illumination is 800 ~ 1000Lux, strengthens rich water quality management during hardening, and the hardening time is 3 months.
(8) upper basin: the plantlet of transplant that lower ground hardening is good is cultivated to flowerpot, adds a little base fertilizer in right amount bottom flowerpot, executes phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer in right amount more.
Adopt method of the present invention, after the hardening of Camellia nitidissima high-altitude, transplanting survival rate is
92%above, and growth fast, and from elite stand seed selection to cultivation, basin only needs the time of 1 year about half.
embodiment 3
Golden camellia bonsai fast breeding method of the present invention comprises the steps:
(1) elite stand seed selection: select limb sturdy, the dry diameter >=2cm of major branch, health is cultivated without the golden flower tea tree of insect bite; Simultaneously regularly apply fertilizer to elite stand, every strain golden flower tea tree sealing fertilizer 5 ~ 7g, fertilising in 2 months once.
(2) branch is chosen: select to possess the ability of blooming on elite stand and growth more than 3 years, stem is slightly the branch of branch as overhead layering of 0.6 ~ 0.8cm, and this branch comprises 2 ~ 3 bifurcated small stems; Such overhead layering transplants the Camellia nitidissima plant that successfully can form 2 ~ 3 bifurcateds, better appearance when blooming like this.
(3) overhead layering: overhead layering process is carried out to the branch of the overhead layering chosen, band girdle is being carried out apart from its branch bifurcated 15 ~ 16cm place, band girdle phloem width 1.0 ~ 1.2cm, first smear band girdle mouth one circle with ABT root-inducing powder No. 1 550ppm solution, again with moistening wood chip and soft earth parcel band girdle mouth, then layer adopts plastic film to pack tightly and bundlees two ends with rope thereon; The weight proportion of moistening wood chip and soft earth is 1: 6.
(4) elite stand is sheltered from heat or light: the elite stand after overhead layering process being placed in shading rate is growth of sheltering from heat or light under the sunshade net of 95%; Utilization is sheltered from heat or light increases the root growth time.
(5) high-altitude hardening: the branch of overhead layering grows root system in band girdle mouth place after 4 months gradually, carries out half-turn band girdle hardening in rope binding place lower end, and the hardening time is 6 months.
(6) plant clip: through the nascent plant of high-altitude hardening, cuts at its half-turn band girdle mouth place, and with thiophanate methyl 1000 times of liquid disinfectant otch.
(7) ground hardening under: nascent plant is transplanted to booth and carries out hardening, with light-illuminating 3 hours during 20:00 ~ 24:00 at night, intensity of illumination is 1000 ~ 1500Lux, strengthens rich water quality management during hardening, and the hardening time is 4 months.
(8) upper basin: the plantlet of transplant that lower ground hardening is good is cultivated to flowerpot, adds a little base fertilizer in right amount bottom flowerpot, executes phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer in right amount more.
Adopt method of the present invention, after the hardening of Camellia nitidissima high-altitude, transplanting survival rate is
91%above, and growth fast, and from elite stand seed selection to cultivation, basin only needs the time of 1 year about half.
Claims (3)
1. a golden camellia bonsai fast breeding method, is characterized in that: its breeding method comprises the steps:
(1) elite stand seed selection: selection limb is sturdy, healthy cultivates without the golden flower tea tree of insect bite; In described elite stand seed selection, the dry diameter >=2cm of the major branch of elite stand, regularly applies fertilizer to elite stand, every strain golden flower tea tree sealing fertilizer 5 ~ 10g, every fertilising in 2 ~ 3 months once;
(2) branch is chosen: select to possess the ability of blooming on elite stand and growth more than 2 years, stem is slightly the branch of branch as overhead layering of 0.6 ~ 0.9cm, and this branch comprises 2 ~ 3 bifurcated small stems;
(3) overhead layering: overhead layering process is carried out to the branch of the overhead layering chosen, band girdle is being carried out apart from its branch bifurcated 15 ~ 20cm place, band girdle phloem width 1.0 ~ 1.5cm, ABT root-inducing powder 550 ~ 650ppm solution is first used to smear band girdle mouth one circle, again with moistening wood chip and soft earth parcel band girdle mouth, then layer adopts plastic film to pack tightly and bundlees two ends with rope thereon;
(4) elite stand is sheltered from heat or light: the elite stand after overhead layering process being placed in shading rate is growth of sheltering from heat or light under the sunshade net of 95%;
(5) high-altitude hardening: the branch of overhead layering grows root system in band girdle mouth place after 4 ~ 5 months gradually, carries out half-turn band girdle hardening in rope binding place lower end, and the hardening time is 5 ~ 6 months;
(6) plant clip: through the nascent plant of high-altitude hardening, cuts and otch of sterilizing at its half-turn band girdle mouth place;
(7) ground hardening under: nascent plant is transplanted to booth and carries out hardening, with light-illuminating 2 ~ 4 hours during 20:00 ~ 24:00 at night, intensity of illumination is 800 ~ 1500Lux, and the hardening time is 3 ~ 4 months;
(8) upper basin: the plantlet of transplant that lower ground hardening is good is cultivated to flowerpot.
2. golden camellia bonsai fast breeding method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the weight proportion of described moistening wood chip and soft earth is 1: 5 ~ 7.
3. golden camellia bonsai fast breeding method according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: described sterilization otch adopts thiophanate methyl 1000 times of liquid to carry out disinfection.
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