CN103609323B - The air layering seedling-cultivating method of red maple - Google Patents
The air layering seedling-cultivating method of red maple Download PDFInfo
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- CN103609323B CN103609323B CN201310685191.5A CN201310685191A CN103609323B CN 103609323 B CN103609323 B CN 103609323B CN 201310685191 A CN201310685191 A CN 201310685191A CN 103609323 B CN103609323 B CN 103609323B
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Abstract
The invention discloses the air layering seedling-cultivating method of a kind of red maple, belong to a kind of seedling-cultivating method viewing and admiring red maple, described seedling-cultivating method comprises the steps: steps A, peeling; Step B, bag mud ball; Step C, strengthen red maple plant rich water quality management; Step D, lower to plant; Directly be separated the branch after taking root from red maple plant by the mode of air layering to plant as sapling, prevent because seedling diameter is too small and not easily survive, can cultivate at short notice diameter 4.5 centimeters (namely centimetre), high about 2 meters from root seedlings, and by effectively managing in plantation process under sapling, also improve growth rate and the trunk form of sapling; And rooting can be carried out on the branch that red maple plant prepares pruning, namely twice laid nursery is realized, reduce the seedling cost of red maple, the step of the air layering seedling-cultivating method of a kind of red maple provided by the present invention is simple simultaneously, can cultivate red maple seedling in all kinds of place, range of application is wide.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of seedling-cultivating method viewing and admiring red maple, in particular, the present invention relates generally to the air layering seedling-cultivating method of a kind of red maple.
Background technology
Red maple has another name called red autumnal leaves feather maple, and Classification system is: Acer palmatum Thunb f., being the modification of Aceraceae Acer palmatum, is defoliation small arbor, and branch is how elongated smooth, inclined aubergine.Leaf palmate, tip shape of tail point, edge has heavy sawtooth.Red maple property happiness sunlight, is applicable to warm and moist weather, is afraid of that burning sun tans by the sun, more cold-resistant, slightly drought-enduring, and intolerant to waterlogging is fitted and is born in fertile loose well-drained soil.Early spring, when germinateing, tender leaf bright red, the white fur of close life, blade gradually came off after unfolding, and leaf look also turns the even general dirty-green of lavender by gorgeous.Red maple is famous and precious foliage tree wood; there is higher ornamental value; be commonly used to sight sculpt at present, but, because the growth cycle of red maple is slower; and it is higher to the requirement of growing environment; especially, in seedling raising process, seedling not easily survives because of plantation problem, in traditional red maple seedling raising process, thus need to drop into higher cost; the scale of ratio and red maple is planted, and needs to do further improvement on this basis.
Summary of the invention
An object of the present invention is for above-mentioned deficiency, provides the air layering seedling-cultivating method of a kind of red maple, and to expect that in solution prior art, in red maple seedling raising process, survival rate of seedling is low, growth cycle is long, and seedling cost high-technology problem.
For solving above-mentioned technical problem, the present invention by the following technical solutions:
The air layering seedling-cultivating method of a kind of red maple provided by the present invention, described seedling-cultivating method comprises the steps:
Steps A, peeling; Select the red maple plant of Zhan Yehou, and carry out ringing more than selected branch base portion, make organizing of below branch bark outside exposed, and at branch exposed section spraying fungicide and short root-growing agent, and kept for the first unit interval;
Step B, bag mud ball; Adopt plastic film wrapped mud ball in branch exposed section, and the mud ball of plastic film wrapped is fixed on branch;
Step C, strengthen red maple plant rich water quality management; Spray nutrient solution, systemic fungicide and insecticide to plant, waited for for the second unit interval, taken root in branch exposed section;
Step D, lower to plant; After taking root in branch exposed section, branch is separated from plant by the mud ball coated together with plastic foil, and after removal plastic foil, part of being taken root by branch puts into the default shallow cave of plantation on the ground together with mud ball, and ridging compacting, is fixed as sapling by branch.
As preferably, further technical scheme is: step e, normal root; Water normal root water to fixing sapling, after water oozes descend and receives and do, then excavate shallow ridges from the edge that sapling plants shallow cave, the soil of excavation directly overlays on the base portion of sapling; Fixed support bar on described shallow ridges, and by the perpendicular colligation of sapling and ground on support bar.
Further technical scheme is: step F, spray medicine fertilizer to the sapling be fixed on support bar, and carries out branch pruning according to the real-time condition of sapling.
Further technical scheme is: the ringing in described steps A is after first on branch, ring cutting reaches the opening of xylem in one week deeply, the opening of the same degree of depth of position ring cutting again beyond described opening three centimetres of meeting, then peel the bark between two annular openings.
Further technical scheme is: the first unit interval in described steps A is 36 to 84 hours.
Further technical scheme is: adopt plastics tear-strap to be tightened at the plastic foil two ends of coated mud ball in described step B and fasten, and make described mud ball and branch exposed section close contact.
Further technical scheme is: the second unit interval in described step C is 45 to 115 days.
Further technical scheme is: the shallow cave in described step D is in the plantation put in order on the ground, multiple according to the seeding row spacing excavation of planning, and the soil in shallow cave after excavation needs to carry out disinfection; The mode of single file height ridge surface planting height ridging plantation is adopted to plant the branch after taking root in described step D.
Further technical scheme is: described support bar is diameter of section at the bamboo pole of 1 to 2.5 centimetre.
Further technical scheme is: need in described step D after the root amount that reaches and be covered with mud ball is taken root in branch exposed section, then plant down; The described mode from plant, described branch is separated for shear or sawing, and branch shear or sawing after, to the comprehensive spray disinfectant agent of the wound on plant.
Compared with prior art, one of beneficial effect of the present invention is: be directly separated the branch after taking root from red maple plant by the mode of air layering and plant as sapling, prevent because seedling diameter is too small and not easily survive, can cultivate at short notice diameter 4.5 centimeters (namely centimetre), high about 2 meters from root seedlings, and by effectively managing in plantation process under sapling, also improve growth rate and the trunk form of sapling; And rooting can be carried out on the branch that red maple plant prepares pruning, namely twice laid nursery is realized, reduce the seedling cost of red maple, the step of the air layering seedling-cultivating method of a kind of red maple provided by the present invention is simple simultaneously, can cultivate red maple seedling in all kinds of place, range of application is wide.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is further elaborated.
One embodiment of the present of invention are air layering seedling-cultivating method of a kind of red maple, and described seedling-cultivating method preferably operates according to following step:
1) the red maple plant of Zhan Yehou is selected, and ringing is carried out more than selected branch base portion, make organizing of below branch bark outside exposed, and at branch exposed section spraying fungicide and short root-growing agent, then dry in the air a period of time, such as 36 to 84 hours, until the aforementioned branch exposed section on plant prepares bag mud ball after forming diaphragm; The diameter of section of aforementioned selected branch is preferably 0.5 to 4.5 centimeter;
2) adopt plastic film wrapped mud ball in branch exposed section, and the mud ball of plastic film wrapped is fixed on branch; Preferably, add appropriate leaf mould and water stirs into neither too hard, nor too soft nutritive mud with general plow layer soil, with the hands the ellipse mud ball of diameter seven to eight centimeters is pinched into by group, the long 35 centimeters wide rectangle agricultural plastic film parcel of external application 0.0014 specification 50 centimeters;
In the process of mud ball wrapping, best two people one group of co-operating, first mud ball is broken into two with one's hands from centre, in the middle of two halves center aligned branch band girdle wound, involutoryly pinch real clutching and make earth stickup bag tightly be attached on the wound of branch, then tightly wrap by plastic film wrapped, upper and lower two plastic wire row band is tightened and is fastened.
3) red maple plant rich water quality management is strengthened; Spray nutrient solution, systemic fungicide and insecticide to plant, wait for about three months, taken root in branch exposed section; Aforesaid nutrient solution, systemic fungicide and insecticide spraying preferably carry out at Quan Shu, and control high pressure branch is caught an illness and ant etc., makes it take root as early as possible;
4) plant under; After taking root in branch exposed section, branch is separated from plant by the mud ball coated together with plastic foil, and the mode of separation can adopt according to the size of branch and shear or sawing, it should be noted that to carry out shearing or the scissors of sawing and handsaw all need to carry out disinfection; After branch is separated, first cut side shoot unnecessary on branch, prepare to plant as sapling;
Simultaneously, preferably again to the comprehensive spray disinfectant agent of wound plant being separated branch, be infected because of air layering because avoiding red maple plant;
To handle with care in sapling handling process to be planted, deliver to off-the-shelf plantation ground; First remove the plastic foil on mud ball, part of being taken root by branch puts into the default shallow cave of plantation on the ground together with mud ball, and ridging compacting, is fixed as sapling by branch.Put into the process in shallow cave at mud ball, make the earth on mud ball not be scattered as far as possible, and be preferably, aforesaid shallow cave is in the plantation put in order on the ground, multiple according to the seeding row spacing excavation of planning, and the soil after excavation in shallow cave needs to carry out disinfection; And adopt the mode of single file height ridge surface planting height ridging plantation to plant the branch after taking root.
5) water normal root water to fixing sapling, after water oozes descend and receives and do, then excavate shallow ridges from the edge that sapling plants shallow cave, the soil of excavation directly overlays on the base portion of sapling; Fixed support bar on described shallow ridges, and by the perpendicular colligation of sapling and ground on support bar.The mode of colligation for height of seedling one meter of (as seedling then suitable on the lower) carry out, the red maple seedling a line after colligation is good is connected resistant to lodging.Aforementioned adopted support bar preferably adopts diameter of section at the bamboo pole of 1 to 2.5 centimetre;
6) spray medicine fertilizer to the sapling be fixed on support bar, and carry out branch pruning according to the real-time condition of red maple seedling.
For ensureing that branch exposed section more easily absorbs the composition of root-growing agent, above-mentioned steps 1) in the preferred mode of operation of ringing be after first on branch, ring cutting reaches the opening of xylem in one week deeply, the opening of the same degree of depth of position ring cutting again beyond described opening three centimetres of meeting, then peels the bark between two annular openings.
Further, for ensureing the survival rate of planting as sapling under red maple branch, the amount of taking root of branch exposed section need be ensured before plantation, be specially and can estimate the amount of taking root in mud ball in step 3), until take root in branch exposed section after the root amount that reaches and be covered with mud ball, then plant down.
In the process of red maple training moulding, the branch abandoned is wiped out in preparation and makes its seedling of taking root in the tree by air layering, cut plantation, be bred as seedlings, real is twice laid.Can utilize 0.5 to 4.5 centimeter of branch, be taken root in the tree seedling by air layering about 3 months, when not affecting the external sight of tree, utilize a large amount of nursery in the tree of existing red maple seedlings, can carry out continuously, risk is little.As a trunk diameter 8 centimeters of red maples once can high pressure more than ten, many reaches 20, enriches that rich water trees are vigorous can be operated year after year.
The present invention also has following features:
1, can bring out at short notice leading thread reach 4.5 centimeters/high 2 meters from root seedlings;
2, can breed in a large number in field;
3, risk is little, and only have a small amount of windbreak and the loss of sick branch, take root after having and first having, some Second Years go out root, cut out after seeing root;
4, can carry out continuously year after year;
5, nursery lot is not taken, in the tree nursery;
6, recruitment is few, cost is low;
7, the red maple of high pressure is own-rooted tree, without grafting not affinity, and easy windbreak phenomenon, new talent, without variation, has all passed on parent and has set merit;
8, topiary is conducive to.
Than that described above, also it should be noted that spoken of in this manual " embodiment ", " another embodiment ", " embodiment " etc., refer to the specific features, structure or the feature that describe in conjunction with this embodiment and be included at least one embodiment of the application's generality description.Multiple place occurs that statement of the same race is not necessarily refer to same embodiment in the description.Furthermore, when describing specific features, structure or a feature in conjunction with any embodiment, what advocate is also fall within the scope of the invention to realize this feature, structure or feature in conjunction with other embodiments.
Although with reference to multiple explanatory embodiment of the present invention, invention has been described here, but, should be appreciated that, those skilled in the art can design a lot of other amendment and embodiment, these amendments and embodiment will drop within spirit disclosed in the present application and spirit.More particularly, in this specification and claim scope of disclosure, multiple modification and improvement can be carried out to the building block of subject combination layout and/or layout.Except the modification of carrying out building block and/or layout is with except improvement, to those skilled in the art, other purposes also will be obvious.
Claims (9)
1. an air layering seedling-cultivating method for red maple, is characterized in that described seedling-cultivating method comprises the steps:
Steps A, peeling; Select the red maple plant of Zhan Yehou, and carry out ringing more than selected branch base portion, make organizing of below branch bark outside exposed, and at branch exposed section spraying fungicide and short root-growing agent, and kept for the first unit interval;
Step B, bag mud ball; Adopt plastic film wrapped mud ball in branch exposed section, and the mud ball of plastic film wrapped is fixed on branch;
Step C, strengthen red maple plant rich water quality management; Spray nutrient solution, systemic fungicide and insecticide to plant, waited for for the second unit interval, taken root in branch exposed section; The amount of taking root in mud ball is estimated, until take root in branch exposed section after the root amount that reaches and be covered with mud ball, then plants down;
Step D, lower to plant; After taking root in branch exposed section, branch is separated from plant by the mud ball coated together with plastic foil, and after removal plastic foil, part of being taken root by branch puts into the default shallow cave of plantation on the ground together with mud ball, and ridging compacting, is fixed as sapling by branch;
Step e, normal root; Water normal root water to fixing sapling, after water oozes descend and receives and do, then excavate shallow ridges from the edge that sapling plants shallow cave, the soil of excavation directly overlays on the base portion of sapling; Fixed support bar on described shallow ridges, and by the perpendicular colligation of sapling and ground on support bar, the red maple seedling a line after making colligation good is connected resistant to lodging.
2. the air layering seedling-cultivating method of red maple according to claim 1, is characterized in that: also comprise in described seedling-cultivating method:
Step F, spray medicine fertilizer to the sapling be fixed on support bar, and carry out branch pruning according to the real-time condition of sapling.
3. the air layering seedling-cultivating method of red maple according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: the ringing in described steps A is after first on branch, ring cutting reaches the opening of xylem in one week deeply, again at the opening of the same degree of depth of position ring cutting beyond described opening three centimetres, then peel the bark between two annular openings.
4. the air layering seedling-cultivating method of red maple according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: the first unit interval in described steps A is 36 to 84 hours.
5. the air layering seedling-cultivating method of red maple according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: adopt plastics tear-strap to be tightened at the plastic foil two ends of coated mud ball in described step B and fasten, and make described mud ball and branch exposed section close contact.
6. the air layering seedling-cultivating method of red maple according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: the second unit interval in described step C is 45 to 115 days.
7. the air layering seedling-cultivating method of red maple according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: the shallow cave in described step D is in the plantation put in order on the ground, according to planning seeding row spacing excavation multiple, and excavation after shallow cave in soil need carry out disinfection; The mode of single file height ridge surface planting height ridging plantation is adopted to plant the branch after taking root in described step D.
8. the air layering seedling-cultivating method of red maple according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described support bar is diameter of section at the bamboo pole of 1 to 2.5 centimetre.
9. the air layering seedling-cultivating method of red maple according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: need in described step D after the root amount that reaches and be covered with mud ball is taken root in branch exposed section, then plant down; The described mode from plant, described branch is separated for shear or sawing, and branch shear or sawing after, to the comprehensive spray disinfectant agent of the wound on plant.
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| CN105230288A (en) * | 2015-10-16 | 2016-01-13 | 金寨县绿野中药材专业合作社 | Semi-girdling rooting layerage method for oriental paperbush which is medicinal material |
| CN106472226B (en) * | 2016-10-11 | 2019-09-03 | 王黔平 | A kind of method of the long root of branch trunk punching Rapid Rooting |
| CN107371945A (en) * | 2017-07-13 | 2017-11-24 | 上海市园林科学规划研究院 | A kind of air layering propagation method of Bougainvillea spectabilis |
| CN110637624B (en) * | 2019-10-24 | 2021-04-13 | 山东省果树研究所 | Method for pruning and proliferating tea garden by replacing shaping of tea trees with branch air compression |
| CN115088492B (en) * | 2022-08-29 | 2023-01-13 | 西南林业大学 | Method for increasing branch cuttage survival rate |
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