CN110637624B - Method for pruning and proliferating tea garden by replacing shaping of tea trees with branch air compression - Google Patents
Method for pruning and proliferating tea garden by replacing shaping of tea trees with branch air compression Download PDFInfo
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- CN110637624B CN110637624B CN201911016304.6A CN201911016304A CN110637624B CN 110637624 B CN110637624 B CN 110637624B CN 201911016304 A CN201911016304 A CN 201911016304A CN 110637624 B CN110637624 B CN 110637624B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/20—Layering
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
- A01G31/02—Special apparatus therefor
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/02—Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
- A01G9/029—Receptacles for seedlings
- A01G9/0291—Planting receptacles specially adapted for remaining in the soil after planting
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Ecology (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
- Harvesting Machines For Specific Crops (AREA)
Abstract
A method for pruning and proliferating a tea garden by replacing the shaping of tea trees with branch air compression is characterized in that a newly-built tea garden does not need to specially carry out shaping pruning on young tea seedlings, the young tea seedlings needing shaping pruning are coated with a working bag and topped, the operation is simple and rapid, the lateral branches of the young tea trees can be expanded and shaped, and meanwhile, the tea tree branches coated with the working bag can become seedlings in spring and summer of the next year. The tea garden is expanded again after the tea seedlings are formed, the investment of tea seedling cost in the early stage of tea garden construction is saved, the tea garden is formed year by year, and the risks that the tea garden of a tea enterprise is excessively invested once in the early stage of tea garden development and the management technology, the processing technology, the market marketing and the like are disjointed due to the leap expansion of the area of the tea garden are reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of tea garden construction, in particular to a method for pruning and proliferating a tea garden by replacing shaping of tea trees with branch air compression.
Background
) Tea is a healthy drink, tea trees are important economic crops in China, the planting area is continuously enlarged in recent years, and the demand for tea seedlings is increasing day by day. The clone tea garden has the characteristics of regular tea seedlings, high quality of fresh leaves, strong resistance and easy management, so that the establishment of a new tea garden is suitable for developing a clone improved variety tea garden. In the current situation, the relative price of the clone tea seedlings is higher than that of tea tree seeds, a clone improved-variety tea garden is developed, the purchase and early-stage cultivation management cost of the clone tea seedlings approximately accounts for more than 50% of the cost investment of a newly-built tea garden, and the most important cost investment of the newly-built tea garden is formed. At present, the clone improved variety tea seedlings of tea trees comprise two types of clone tea seedlings produced by field cuttage and clone tea seedlings produced by plug cutting of a plug tray or a nutrition pot. The clonal tea seedlings produced by field cuttage are low in price, but the clonal tea seedlings are directly planted in a field in a cuttage mode, root systems occur in the field, the root systems are greatly damaged in the seedling raising process, and dead seedlings are easily caused if the management cannot be followed up in the transplanting process, so that the management cost of the tea seedlings is high; the clonal tea seedlings produced by the plug tray or nutrition pot cuttage avoid the defects, but the purchase cost of the tea seedlings in the tea garden is 5 to 10 times higher than that of the cuttage seedlings in the field due to the high price, and the popularization barrier of the clonal tea seedlings is caused. Therefore, it is very important to reduce the purchase cost and maintenance cost of clone seedlings for developing clone improved variety tea gardens.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the technology, the invention provides a method for pruning and proliferating a tea garden by using branch air compression instead of shaping tea trees.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for overcoming the technical problems is as follows:
a method for pruning and proliferating a tea garden by replacing shaping of tea trees with branch air compression comprises the steps of selecting an annual clonal tea garden to be cultivated in an overwintering facility shed, and building a water and fertilizer integrated drip irrigation pipeline on the upper part of a facility tea garden support, and comprises the following steps:
a) when the height of the young plant of the planted tea tree reaches more than 40 cm or the diameter of the young plant of the tea tree reaches more than 1.5 mm, a working bag is taken, the working bag comprises a wrapping bag and two solid substrates, the wrapping bag is wrapped, the tea tree pruning device comprises a left half part and a right half part, the lower ends of the left half part and the right half part are sewn and fixed with each other, two solid block matrixes are respectively inserted and fixed in the left half part and the right half part of a wrapping bag, branch ditches with semicircular cross sections are arranged on the inner sides of the solid block matrixes along the axial direction of the solid block matrixes, a tying belt is arranged above the left half part of the wrapping bag, the tying belt is arranged above the right half part of the wrapping bag, a bark breaking mechanism for scratching the bark layer of a tea tree is arranged on the tying belt, the tying belt is folded to position the bark breaking mechanism in the branch ditches, the selected tea tree branches to, buckling the two solid substrates together to enable the two branch ditches to be wrapped at the outer side of the tea tree young plant at the position 20 cm higher than the ground;
b) pulling out the tying belt, damaging the cortex of the tea tree branch in the branch ditch by the bark breaking mechanism, tying the tying belt, and fixing the working bag on the branch;
c) connecting a solid block matrix in a working bag fixed on the branches with a field water and fertilizer integrated drip irrigation pipeline through a rubber hose, and conveying water and a water soluble fertilizer to the branches in the solid block matrix through the rubber hose;
d) repeating the steps a) and c) until all the tea garden height reaches more than 40 cm tea plant young plants or the diameter of the soil door reaches more than 1.5 mm tea plant young plant trunk height 20 cm above the ground is completely fixed with a working bag;
e) topping young tea plant to promote lateral branch germination;
f) in late 4 months of the next year, cutting off branches at the positions below the work bags to finish the first shaping and pruning of young tea plant, wherein the cut off branches of the tea plants form tea seedlings with complete buds and leaves and complete root systems wrapped by the work bags;
g) transplanting and planting the tea seedlings wrapped by the working bags to construct a new tea garden, and repeating the steps a) to g) until all the tea garden construction is completed.
Preferably, the wrapping bag is made of degradable non-woven fabric materials.
Preferably, the solid block matrix is formed by pressing the plant culture matrix.
Preferably, the skin-breaking mechanism is sandpaper, and the sandpaper is fixed on the tying band by sewing or gluing.
Preferably, the solid block substrate is a column structure with a semicircular cross section.
Preferably, the fixed block substrate is provided with a pipe joint, the upper end of the pipe joint is provided with a conical boss, and the outer diameter of the boss is larger than the inner diameter of the rubber hose.
Further, after the step e), the plastic film is covered on the greenhouse of the overwintering facility in 11 months, and the plastic film covered on the greenhouse of the overwintering facility is removed in 3 months in the next year.
Further, steps a) to f) are repeatedly performed after step g).
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the newly-built tea garden does not need to specially shape and trim young tea seedlings, the young tea seedlings needing shaping and trimming are wrapped with the working bag and topped, the operation is simple and rapid, the lateral branches of the young tea trees can be expanded and formed, and meanwhile, the tea tree branches wrapped by the working bag can become seedlings in spring and summer of the next year. The tea garden is expanded again after the tea seedlings are formed, the investment of tea seedling cost in the early stage of tea garden construction is saved, the tea garden is formed year by year, and the risks that the tea garden of a tea enterprise is excessively invested once in the early stage of tea garden development and the management technology, the processing technology, the market marketing and the like are disjointed due to the leap expansion of the area of the tea garden are reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a work package according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the tie strap of the work bag of the present invention positioned within the nonwoven fabric bag;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the structure of the pipe joint portion of the present invention
In the figure, 1, a wrapping bag 2, a solid matrix 3, branch ditches 4, a lacing 5, a skin breaking mechanism 6, a pipe joint 7, a boss 8 and a rubber hose are arranged.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to fig. 1 to 3.
A method for pruning and proliferating a tea garden by replacing shaping of tea trees with branch air compression comprises the steps of selecting an annual clonal tea garden to be cultivated in an overwintering facility shed, and building a water and fertilizer integrated drip irrigation pipeline on the upper part of a facility tea garden support, and comprises the following steps:
a) when the height of the young plant of the planted tea tree reaches more than 40 cm or the diameter of the young plant of the tea tree reaches more than 1.5 mm, a working bag is taken, the working bag comprises a wrapping bag 1, two solid substrates 2 and the wrapping bag 1, the tea tree pruning tool comprises a left half part and a right half part, the lower ends of the left half part and the right half part are sewn and fixed with each other, two solid block matrixes 2 are respectively inserted and fixed in the left half part and the right half part of a wrapping bag 1, branch ditches 3 with semicircular cross sections are arranged on the inner sides of the solid block matrixes 2 along the axial direction of the solid block matrixes, a tying belt 4 is arranged above the left half part of the wrapping bag 1, a tying belt 4 is arranged above the right half part of the wrapping bag 1, a bark breaking mechanism 5 for scratching the bark layer of a tea tree branch is arranged on the tying belt 4, the tying belt is folded to enable the bark breaking mechanism 5 to be positioned in the branch ditches 3, the selected tea tree, buckling the two solid substrates 2 together to enable the two branch ditches 3 to be wrapped at the outer side of the tea plant young plant at the position 20 cm higher than the ground;
b) pulling out the tying belt 4, damaging the cortex of the tea tree branch in the branch ditch 3 by the bark breaking mechanism 5, fastening the tying belt 4, and fixing the working bag on the branch;
c) the solid block matrix 2 in the working bag fixed on the branches is connected with a field water and fertilizer integrated drip irrigation pipeline through a rubber hose 8, and the rubber hose 8 conveys water and a water soluble fertilizer to the branches in the solid block matrix 2;
d) repeating the steps a) and c) until all the tea garden height reaches more than 40 cm tea plant young plants or the diameter of the soil door reaches more than 1.5 mm tea plant young plant trunk height 20 cm above the ground is completely fixed with a working bag;
e) topping young tea plant to promote lateral branch germination;
f) in late 4 months of the next year, cutting off branches at the positions below the work bags to finish the first shaping and pruning of young tea plant, wherein the cut off branches of the tea plants form tea seedlings with complete buds and leaves and complete root systems wrapped by the work bags;
g) transplanting and planting the tea seedlings wrapped by the working bags to construct a new tea garden, and repeating the steps a) to g) until all the tea garden construction is completed.
The newly-built tea garden does not need to specially shape and trim young tea seedlings, the young tea seedlings needing shaping and trimming are wrapped with the working bag and topped, the operation is simple and rapid, the lateral branches of the young tea trees can be expanded and formed, and meanwhile, the tea tree branches wrapped by the working bag can become seedlings in spring and summer of the next year. The tea garden is expanded again after the tea seedlings are formed, the investment of tea seedling cost in the early stage of tea garden construction is saved, the tea garden is formed year by year, and the risks that the tea garden of a tea enterprise is excessively invested once in the early stage of tea garden development and the management technology, the processing technology, the market marketing and the like are disjointed due to the leap expansion of the area of the tea garden are reduced.
Preferably, the wrapping bag 1 is made of degradable non-woven fabric materials. The non-woven fabric material has the characteristics of moisture resistance, air permeability, light weight and high flexibility, is easy to degrade after tea seedling transplantation, cannot hinder the development of tea tree root systems, and is suitable for being used as branch seedling breeding of tea tree branches.
Preferably, the solid block matrix 2 is formed by pressing plant culture matrixes.
Preferably, the skin breaking mechanism 5 is sandpaper, and the sandpaper is fixed on the tying band 4 by sewing or gluing. The branch cortex of the tea tree branch can be rubbed and damaged through the abrasive paper, and the tea tree branch is simple to manufacture. The solid block substrate 2 can be a column structure with a semicircular cross section.
Preferably, a pipe joint 6 is arranged on the solid block substrate 2, a conical boss 7 is arranged at the upper end of the pipe joint 6, and the outer diameter of the boss 7 is larger than the inner diameter of the rubber hose 8. And boss 8 is conical structure, and its diameter top-down becomes thick gradually, consequently it is propped open by boss 8 and takes place deformation after inserting rubber hose 8 on coupling 6, and rubber hose 8 can closely wrap up on coupling 6 to the improvement is to whole fixed firmness of wrapping up in bag 1 and two solid piece matrixes 2. The rubber hose 8 not only plays a role in conveying liquid, but also plays a role in hanging and fixing the working bag, and plays a role in lifting and pulling the tea trees vertically to prevent the tea trees from falling down.
Further, after the step e), covering the plastic film on the greenhouse of the overwintering facility in 11 months, removing the plastic film covered on the greenhouse of the overwintering facility in 3 months in the next year, and covering the plastic film on the large pump of the tea garden in 11 months to play a role in heat preservation, so that the tea garden can smoothly overwinter.
Further, the steps a) to f) are repeatedly performed after the step g), so that the production is performed again in the autumn of the next year.
Claims (8)
1. A method for pruning and proliferating a tea garden by replacing shaping of tea trees with branch air compression selects clonal tea tree seedlings planted in the tea garden with an overwintering facility, and a water and fertilizer integrated drip irrigation pipeline is built at the upper part of a tea garden facility support with the overwintering facility, and is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
a) when the height of the young plant of the tea tree reaches more than 40 cm or the diameter of the young plant of the tea tree reaches more than 1.5 mm, a working bag is taken, the working bag comprises a wrapping bag (1) and two solid block matrixes (2), the wrapping bag (1) consists of a left half part and a right half part, the lower ends of the left half part and the right half part are mutually sewn and fixed, the two solid block matrixes (2) are respectively inserted and fixed in the left half part and the right half part of the wrapping bag (1), a branch ditch (3) with a semicircular cross section is arranged on the inner side of the solid block matrix (2) along the axial direction of the solid block matrix, a lacing (4) is arranged above the left half part of the wrapping bag (1), a lacing (4) is arranged above the right half part of the wrapping bag (1), a bark breaking mechanism (5) for cutting the bark layer of the tea tree is arranged on the lacing (4), the bark breaking mechanism (5) is positioned in the branch ditch (3) after the lacing is folded, the selected branch to, buckling the two solid substrates (2) together to enable the two branch ditches (3) to be wrapped at the outer side of the tea plant young plant at the position 20 cm higher than the ground;
b) pulling out the tying belt (4), breaking the cortex of the tea tree branch in the branch ditch (3) by the bark breaking mechanism (5), fastening the tying belt (4), and fixing the working bag on the branch;
c) the solid block matrix (2) in the working bag fixed on the branches is connected with a field water and fertilizer integrated drip irrigation pipeline through a rubber hose (8), and the rubber hose (8) conveys water and water soluble fertilizer to the branches in the solid block matrix (2);
d) repeating the steps a) and c) until all the tea garden height reaches more than 40 cm tea plant young plants or the diameter of the soil door reaches more than 1.5 mm tea plant young plant trunk height 20 cm above the ground is completely fixed with a working bag;
e) topping young tea plant to promote lateral branch germination;
f) in late 4 months of the next year, cutting off branches at the positions below the work bags to finish the first shaping and pruning of young tea plant, wherein the cut off branches of the tea plants form tea seedlings with complete buds and leaves and complete root systems wrapped by the work bags;
g) transplanting and planting the tea seedlings wrapped by the working bags to construct a new tea garden, and repeating the steps a) to g) until all the tea garden construction is completed.
2. The method for pruning and proliferating the tea garden by using branch air compression instead of shaping the tea trees according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the wrapping bag (1) is made of degradable non-woven fabric materials.
3. The method for pruning and proliferating the tea garden by using branch air compression instead of shaping the tea trees according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the solid block matrix (2) is formed by pressing plant culture matrixes.
4. The method for pruning and proliferating the tea garden by using branch air compression instead of shaping the tea trees according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the skin breaking mechanism (5) is sand paper, and the sand paper is fixed on the tying belt (4) in a sewing or gluing mode.
5. The method for pruning and proliferating the tea garden by using branch air compression instead of shaping the tea trees according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the solid block matrix (2) is of a cylindrical structure with a semicircular cross section.
6. The method for pruning and proliferating the tea garden by using branch air compression instead of shaping the tea trees according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the solid block substrate (2) is provided with a pipe joint (6), the upper end of the pipe joint (6) is provided with a conical boss (7), and the outer diameter of the boss (7) is larger than the inner diameter of the rubber hose (8).
7. The method for pruning and proliferating the tea garden by using branch air compression instead of shaping the tea trees according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: after step e), covering the plastic film on the greenhouse of the overwintering facility in 11 months, and removing the plastic film covered on the greenhouse of the overwintering facility in 3 months in the next year.
8. The method for pruning and proliferating the tea garden by using branch air compression instead of shaping the tea trees according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: repeating steps a) through f) after step g).
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