CN103843593B - A kind of cucumber grafting seedling-cultivating method - Google Patents
A kind of cucumber grafting seedling-cultivating method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103843593B CN103843593B CN201410098494.1A CN201410098494A CN103843593B CN 103843593 B CN103843593 B CN 103843593B CN 201410098494 A CN201410098494 A CN 201410098494A CN 103843593 B CN103843593 B CN 103843593B
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Abstract
A kind of cucumber grafting seedling-cultivating method, object be improve grafting survival rate of seedling, easy and simple to handle, easily grasp; The inventive method first loads the matrix of mixing in the dish of cave, the Pumpkin Seed of good for leaching kind is seeded into the centre in every cave; By the time pumpkin is emerged, true leaf is when starting to reveal, and starts sowing cucumber seed; Pumpkin grows to a leaf wholeheartedly, and the cave of pumpkin dish is watered sufficient water, after blade water is dry, only extracts true leaf blade, stays its petiole and growing point; By the time cucumber emerge, cotyledon soon completely launch time carry out grafting; After grafting is complete, is put on grafting seedbed immediately, covers tightly with white plastic mulch film; Attention is sheltered from heat or light, controlled humidity, grasps temperature; Cucumber seedling grow to a leaf wholeheartedly time just can go out garden.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of melon graft seedling growth.
Background technology
Cucumber is the Main Vegetable Species Suitable For Culture of greenhouse by solar heat counter-seas on production, and grafting green cucumber technology is cucumber high-yield disease resisting, the effective technology means of anti-continuous cropping.Current grafting green cucumber seedling growing process mainly contains and is abutted against seedling growing process, grafting seedling growing process, and what cucumber factorial seedling growth mainly will adopt is grafting seedling growing process.The main technical points of present grafting seedling growing process is: stock grafting rough leaf out after, start sowing cucumber seed; Cucumber cotyledons starts grafting after launching.Extract the true leaf of stock and growing point during grafting, with contact pin along a slice cotyledon base portion oblique cutting to another slice, thin piece leaf base once, but can not stem stalk insert saturating (inserted through), then scion is inserted, carries out temperature and humidity management, after wound healing, can garden be gone out.Major defect one is after the complete pinching of stock, contact pin insert (grafting) hole length < 0.5cm, cause scion and stock faying face little, grafting recovers slow; Two is that (grafting) hole of inserting of stock is inserted thoroughly, and require very strict to the otch of scion, operation easier is large, if scion otch is lack of standardization, is not easy to be seated, affects survival rate.
Summary of the invention
The present invention seeks to the deficiency overcoming above-mentioned prior art, provide one can improve grafting survival rate of seedling, easy and simple to handle, hold wield cucumber grafting seedling-cultivating method.
The inventive method is:
(1) sabot and sowing: the matrix of mixing is loaded in the dish of cave, the centre of pumpkin (stock) planting seed of good for leaching kind to every cave; By the time pumpkin (stock) is unearthed, true leaf is when starting to reveal, and starts sowing cucumber (scion) seed.In square position, load 1/2 matrix, flatten with dull and stereotyped compacting, the perlite that on sowing cucumber seed bonnet, 1-1.5cm is thick equably, water permeable with sprayer spraying.
(2) extract pumpkin (stock) true leaf: pumpkin (stock) grows to a leaf wholeheartedly, the cave of pumpkin dish is watered sufficient water (matrix irrigates), after blade water is dry, only extracts the blade of true leaf, stay its petiole and growing point.
(3) grafting: wait until that cucumber emerges, cotyledon carries out grafting when launching completely soon.Insert grafting hole with grafting pin to pumpkin stem stalk, cut cucumber root (cutting scion) with blade.The cucumber seedling dish having spilt water is put on desk, cucumber seedling is extracted seedling dish.Under cucumber cotyledons, the long ligulate wedge surface of 0.5cm is cut into cucumber hypocotyl in 0.5cm place; The stem oblique cutting of grafting pin from junction another sheet cotyledon and growing point, needle point is exposed from another cotyledon and plumular axis junction, scion jack length > 0.5cm.Grafting pin is extracted rapidly, fast grafting hole is inserted in cucumber scion, makes scion ligulate wedge surface insert pumpkin grafting hole down, and ligulate wedge surface sharp exposing from grafting hole is seated.
(4) grafting management: after grafting is complete, is put on grafting seedbed immediately, covers tightly with white plastic mulch film.
Attention is sheltered from heat or light: after grafting in 3 days, shelters from heat or light daytime in grafting seedbed, can not allow direct sunlight seedbed (cloudy day does not shelter from heat or light); 4th day starts, and meet fine day, 10 start to shelter from heat or light, and at 3 in afternoon removes sunshade net direct sunlight, reduce 2 hours later every day and shelter from heat or light the time, do not shelter from heat or light by the 7th day.
Controlled humidity: in 3 days, grafting seedbed humidity will keep for more than 90% (namely white film being covered with droplet); After 3 days, will open film on grafting seedbed in the evening, and reduce humidity, daytime covers moisturizing.After 7 days, open film cucumber seedling daytime and do not wilt, can not lid film.
Temperature treatment: in the canopy after grafting in a week, temperature should at 15-30 DEG C.After one week, temperature can reduce 3-5 DEG C on the basis in early stage.After 10 days, daytime temperature the highest 23 DEG C, night 15-20 DEG C is advisable.
(5) go out garden: cucumber seedling grow to a leaf wholeheartedly time just can go out garden.
In Shanxi, Fushan County, Shanxi Province, outstanding nursery center, flood nursery base, fort, Yaodu District, nursery base, Xinjiang County and nursery base, mill ridge, Quwo County etc. are on probation shows in the present invention, cucumber grafting survival rate of seedling can reach more than 90%, improves survival rate more than 15% than traditional cucumber grafting seedling growing process.And easy and simple to handle, easily grasp.
Embodiment
The inventive method is:
(1) sabot and sowing: the matrix of mixing is loaded in the cave dish in 50 caves, dark to the middle 1cm in every cave for pumpkin (stock) planting seed of good for leaching kind of (or dry), during summer high-temperature, can cover sunshade net, prevent direct sunlight, remove after emerging on seedbed.By the time, after pumpkin (stock) is unearthed, when true leaf starts to reveal, sowing cucumber (scion) seed is started.In square position (25cm × 50cm), load 1/2 matrix, flatten (thickness is 1/3 of the cave dish degree of depth) with dull and stereotyped compacting, often coil and sow 500-600 cucumber seeds equably, then cover the perlite that 1-1.5cm is thick, water permeable with sprayer spraying.
(2) extract pumpkin (stock) true leaf: before grafting, pumpkin (stock) just grows to a leaf wholeheartedly, the cave of pumpkin dish is watered sufficient water (matrix irrigates), after blade water is dry, only extracts the blade of true leaf, stay its petiole and growing point.
(3) grafting: after cucumber emerges by the time, when cotyledon launches soon completely, just can carry out grafting.Two people are one group, and a people inserts grafting hole with grafting pin to pumpkin (stock) stem stalk, carries out grafting operation, and another person cuts cucumber root (cutting scion) with blade.Two people, to sitting on desk, are put into the cucumber seedling dish having spilt water on desk, cut the two panels cotyledon that people's hand thumb of cucumber (scion) and forefinger pinch cucumber, cucumber seedling is extracted seedling dish.Plumular axis under cucumber cotyledons is put on middle finger, and hand thumb, forefinger and middle finger hold blade (razor blade), and under cotyledon, the long ligulate wedge surface of 0.5cm is cut into cucumber hypocotyl in 0.5cm place; People's hand thumb, the forefinger of grafting hold grafting draw point (grafting draw point thickness is consistent with cucumber cane thickness) with middle finger, and the ligulate wedge surface of needle point down.Left hand thumb and forefinger pinch a slice cotyledon of pumpkin, middle thumb pad is to the junction of this sheet cotyledon and plumular axis, the stem oblique cutting of grafting pin from junction another sheet cotyledon and growing point, needle point is exposed from another cotyledon and plumular axis junction, scion jack length > 0.5cm.The right hand takes over cucumber scion (thumb and forefinger pinch the two panels cotyledon of cucumber) from the staff of cut-grafting fringe, ligulate wedge surface down, middle finger and the third finger are clamped grafting pin and are extracted rapidly, fast grafting hole is inserted in cucumber scion, make scion ligulate wedge surface insert pumpkin grafting hole down, ligulate wedge surface sharp exposing from grafting hole is seated.
(4) grafting management: after a dish seedling grafting is complete, is put on grafting seedbed immediately, covers tightly with white plastic mulch film.1. sheltering from heat or light: after grafting in 3 days, shelters from heat or light daytime in grafting seedbed, can not allow direct sunlight seedbed (cloudy day does not shelter from heat or light); 4th day starts, and meet fine day, 10 start to shelter from heat or light, and at 3 in afternoon removes sunshade net direct sunlight, reduce 2 hours later every day and shelter from heat or light the time, can not shelter from heat or light by the 7th day.2. humidity: grafting seedbed will keep for more than 90% (namely white film being covered with droplet), and after 3 days, will open film on grafting seedbed in the evening, reduce humidity, daytime covers moisturizing.After 7 days, open film cucumber seedling daytime and do not wilt, can not lid film.3. temperature: temperature treatment around here can refer to table 1 and grasps.After one week, temperature can reduce 3-5 DEG C on the basis in early stage.After 10 days, daytime temperature the highest 23 DEG C, night 15-20 DEG C is advisable.
temperature treatment table after table 1 grafting in one week
(5) go out garden: cucumber seedling grow to a leaf wholeheartedly time just can go out garden.
Claims (6)
1. a cucumber grafting seedling-cultivating method, is characterized in that:
(1) sabot and sowing: the matrix of mixing is loaded in the dish of cave, is seeded into the Pumpkin Seed of good for leaching kind the centre in every cave; By the time pumpkin is emerged, true leaf is when starting to reveal, and starts sowing cucumber seed; In square position, load 1/2 matrix, flatten with dull and stereotyped compacting, equably perlite on sowing cucumber seed bonnet, water permeable with sprayer spraying;
(2) extract pumpkin true leaf: pumpkin grows to a leaf wholeheartedly, the cave of pumpkin dish is watered sufficient water, after blade water is dry, only extracts true leaf blade, stay its petiole and growing point;
(3) grafting: wait until that cucumber emerges, cotyledon carries out grafting when launching completely soon; Insert grafting hole with grafting pin to pumpkin stem stalk, and cut cucumber root with blade, the cucumber square position of having spilt water is put on desk, cucumber seedling is extracted square position; Under cucumber cotyledons, the long ligulate wedge surface of 0.5cm is cut into cucumber hypocotyl in 0.5cm place; The stem oblique cutting of grafting pin from junction another sheet cotyledon and growing point, needle point is exposed from another cotyledon and plumular axis junction, scion jack length > 0.5cm; Grafting pin is extracted rapidly, and fast grafting hole is inserted in cucumber scion, makes scion ligulate wedge surface insert pumpkin grafting hole down, and ligulate wedge surface sharp exposing from grafting hole is seated;
(4) grafting management: after grafting is complete, is put on grafting seedbed immediately, covers tightly with white plastic mulch film; Attention is sheltered from heat or light, controlled humidity, grasps temperature;
(5) go out garden: cucumber seedling grow to a leaf wholeheartedly time just go out garden.
2. cucumber grafting seedling-cultivating method as claimed in claim 1; in 25cm × 50cm square position, 1/2 matrix is loaded when it is characterized in that sabot and sowing; after flattening with dull and stereotyped compacting, thickness is 1/3 of the square position degree of depth; often coil and sow 500-600 cucumber seeds equably, then cover the perlite that 1-1.5cm is thick.
3. cucumber grafting seedling-cultivating method as claimed in claim 1, loads the matrix of mixing in the cave dish in 50 caves when it is characterized in that sabot and sowing, and the middle 1cm Pumpkin Seed of good for leaching kind being seeded into every cave is dark.
4. cucumber grafting seedling-cultivating method as claimed in claim 1, when it is characterized in that grafting manages after grafting in 3 days, can not allow direct sunlight seedbed; Within 4th day, start to reduce 2 hours every day to shelter from heat or light the time, do not shelter from heat or light by the 7th day.
5. cucumber grafting seedling-cultivating method as claimed in claim 1, when it is characterized in that grafting manages after grafting in 3 days, grafting seedbed humidity will keep more than 90%; After 3 days, will open film on grafting seedbed evening and reduce humidity, daytime covers moisturizing; After 7 days, open film cucumber seedling daytime and do not wilt, not lid film.
6. cucumber grafting seedling-cultivating method as claimed in claim 1, in canopy when it is characterized in that grafting manages after grafting in a week, temperature should at 15-30 DEG C; After one week, temperature reduces 3-5 DEG C on the basis in early stage; After 10 days, daytime temperature the highest 23 DEG C, night 15-20 DEG C.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106234040A (en) * | 2016-07-29 | 2016-12-21 | 桂林实力科技有限公司 | The method for culturing seedlings of Fructus Momordicae charantiae |
| CN106688587A (en) * | 2017-01-03 | 2017-05-24 | 中国计量大学 | Method for cultivating strong seedlings of cucumbers grafted in autumn |
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| CN105123288A (en) * | 2015-10-12 | 2015-12-09 | 刘金郎 | Method for grafting seedling of cucumbers by using direct seeding inarching method |
| CN105557268A (en) * | 2015-12-29 | 2016-05-11 | 安徽有机良庄农业科技发展有限公司 | Sunlight greenhouse seedling growing method for cucumber |
| CN107535202A (en) * | 2016-06-24 | 2018-01-05 | 上海亚世园蔬果专业合作社 | It is a kind of to improve pumpkin and the method for grafting green cucumber survival rate |
| CN106376358A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2017-02-08 | 山东寿光蔬菜种业集团有限公司 | Cucumber grafting double-head coexisting seedling nursing method |
| CN106332662A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-01-18 | 宿州市埇桥区九里梦种植专业合作社 | Method for improving grafting survival rate of fruit cucumbers |
| CN108575364A (en) * | 2018-04-02 | 2018-09-28 | 山东伟丽种苗有限公司 | Two points one line graftings |
| CN108811825A (en) * | 2018-05-22 | 2018-11-16 | 张�杰 | A kind of rectangular oblique cutting grafting seedlings-growing method of cucumber |
| CN109328702A (en) * | 2018-11-30 | 2019-02-15 | 宁波市农业科学研究院 | A method of Cd content in cucumber fruits is reduced using graft technology |
| CN111699852A (en) * | 2020-06-05 | 2020-09-25 | 五峰雅禾农业发展有限公司 | Cucumber grafting seedling method |
| CN114208518B (en) * | 2021-12-15 | 2022-12-23 | 湖南省蔬菜研究所 | High-efficient grafting device of multiple spot for cucumber |
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