CN108934513A - A kind of budding method of spring apocarya - Google Patents
A kind of budding method of spring apocarya Download PDFInfo
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- CN108934513A CN108934513A CN201810865335.8A CN201810865335A CN108934513A CN 108934513 A CN108934513 A CN 108934513A CN 201810865335 A CN201810865335 A CN 201810865335A CN 108934513 A CN108934513 A CN 108934513A
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- fringe bar
- bud
- apocarya
- fringe
- grafting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/30—Grafting
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- Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of budding method of spring apocarya, the following steps are included: fringe bar acquisition, fringe bar storage, fringe bar vernalization, grafting；Fringe bar acquisition is that the annual healthy and strong branch on apocarya scion elite stand is marked, and occurs cutting annual healthy and strong branch, as fringe bar from scion elite stand according to the terminal bud state of 1 year raw healthy and strong branch after spring sprout sprouts in scion elite stand；Fringe bar vernalization is according to stock from skin situation, before rootstock xylem and bast are completely exfoliated, fringe bar is placed in warm canopy and carries out sand storage vernalization and takes out fringe bar from sand until fringe bar xylem is kept completely separate with bast；Grafting is grafted the bud to get off is intercepted in fringe bar to stock using square bud grafting method.The present invention by specifically adopting the fringe time, stock so that fringe bar sprout is sprouted using warm canopy sand storage from the skin stage, xylem is separated with bast, to realize that the bud for carrying out apocarya in spring connects, realize that current year bud connects the purpose that current year is out of the garden.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to graft technology fields, and in particular to a kind of budding method of spring apocarya.
Background technique
Apocarya is a kind of excellent economic tree, at present in the process for promoting apocarya realization kind
In, two methods are mainly connect using scion grafting and bud, wherein scion grafting mainly carries out in spring, but grafting technology is more demanding at present
Grafting is horizontal, and survival rate is unstable after grafting；And bud connects and mainly carries out in summer, bud connection technology requires low, high survival rate,
But bud receives the influence of stock and scion, and if summer progress bud connects, grafting growth time is too short, leads to that second year need to be arrived
Dormant period can just be out of the garden.
The xylem of stock is initially separated with bast at the beginning of annual 4 months, is adapted for bud at this time and is connect, but the fringe bar that current year is raw
Need to before and after June to complete semi-lignified, current year, raw fringe bar ability suitable bud connect.Bud is connect and is arranged in spring Mo, anvil
Wood is feasible, but the fringe bar of current year life not yet carries out semi-lignified, is not suitable for bud and connects, therefore can only select 1 in spring budding
Year raw branch, and 1 year raw branch is after entrance dormant period, xylem has been combined closely with bast to be led to not separate, cannot
Realize that bud connects.
Summary of the invention
In view of the foregoing deficiencies of prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of buds of spring apocarya
Connect method.
To achieve the goals above or other purposes, the present invention are achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of budding method of spring apocarya, comprising the following steps: fringe bar acquisition, fringe bar storage, fringe bar vernalization,
Grafting；Wherein the fringe bar acquisition is that the annual healthy and strong branch on apocarya scion elite stand is marked, in scion
Elite stand occurs cutting next year from scion elite stand according to the terminal bud state of the 1 of label year raw healthy and strong branch after spring sprout sprouts
Raw stalwartness branch, as required fringe bar；Wherein the fringe bar vernalization be April according to stock blade put on display situation and from
Fringe bar is placed in progress sand storage vernalization in warm canopy, through sand storage by skin situation, the 2-3d before rootstock xylem and bast are completely exfoliated
Fringe bar water suction, sprout are expanded afterwards, and xylem starts to remove with bast, until the xylem of fringe bar is kept completely separate with bast
Afterwards, fringe bar is taken out from sand, day temperature is 25 DEG C -35 DEG C in medium temperature canopy, evening temperature is not less than 15 DEG C；It is wherein described to transfer
Connect is grafted the sprouting to get off is intercepted in fringe bar to stock using square bud grafting method.
Further, the terminal bud state is that the terminal bud perula of annotinous branch starts shedding off, and terminal bud expands and at grayish green
Color, other lateral bud perulas start to loosen, this is acquisition fringe bar best period.
Further, the fringe bar storage is that the fringe bar of acquisition is cut into the fringe bar that length is 30cm, the both ends of fringe bar
Using processing of sealing with wax, the fringe bar for processing of sealing with wax is bundled into bundle and with film packaging, and with label labeled species and quantity, is placed in temperature
It is stored at 1-5 DEG C of degree.
Further, the operating procedure of the square bud grafting method are as follows: choose full, undamaged bud in fringe bar, use
Double-blade grafting knife cuts the surrounding that bud is selected in fringe bar, and the depth of cut of double-blade grafting knife is cut to the xylem of fringe bar
The shape squarish of the bud tablets cut off is cut rectangular graft union using above-mentioned same step on stock, and will have been cut
At skin zone tear off, expose xylem, then the bud tablets cut down are grafted to the graft union of stock, and give binding；Its
Described in bud tablets size be not more than rectangular graft union size.
Further, the stock is 2 years raw seedlings.
Beneficial effects of the present invention: 1, the budding method of of the present invention spring apocarya, by best
Fringe bar acquisition period acquire fringe bar, and stock promoted by way of greenhouse sand storage from skin period acquisition fringe
Rudiment, to realize that the bud for carrying out apocarya in spring connects, so that the nursery stock for grafting reserves the longer production cycle, it is real
Now current year bud connects the purpose being out of the garden for the year, breaks the time-bounded of conventional apocarya conventional budding with this；2, the present invention uses
Square bud grafting method shortens graft union healing time, reduces the bud place of connecing and the probability infected occurs；3, the present invention can substitute traditional
Spring scion grafting, the expenses of labour of spring scion grafting currently on the market is 450 yuan/day, and spring budding expenses of labour only 200 yuan/day, is existed by realizing
Spring carries out bud and connects, and the cost of grafting is effectively reduced.
Specific embodiment
Illustrate embodiments of the present invention below by way of specific specific example, those skilled in the art can be by this specification
Other advantages and efficacy of the present invention can be easily understood for disclosed content.The present invention can also pass through in addition different specific realities
The mode of applying is embodied or practiced, the various details in this specification can also based on different viewpoints and application, without departing from
Various modifications or alterations are carried out under spirit of the invention.
The budding method of spring apocarya of the present invention, comprising the following steps: fringe bar acquires, fringe bar is stored,
Fringe bar vernalization, grafting；Wherein the fringe bar acquisition is that wherein the fringe bar acquisition is to one on apocarya scion elite stand
Year, raw healthy and strong branch was marked, and under normal circumstances, scion elite stand usually starts fallen leaves in annual mid-December and enters dormant period,
The 2nd year spring, the sap of early March scion elite stand started to flow, and sprout gradually sprouts, at this time can be according to the annual of label
The terminal bud state of branch cuts annotinous branch from scion elite stand, this required fringe bar, wherein the terminal bud state is one
Year, vimineous terminal bud perula started shedding off, and terminal bud expands and at celadon, other lateral bud perulas start to loosen, this is acquisition one
Year life branch best period, finally cuts required fringe bar from scion elite stand one by one；The fringe bar storage is that will acquire
Fringe bar be cut into the fringe bar that length is 30cm, the both ends of fringe bar using processing of sealing with wax, the fringe bar for processing of sealing with wax is bundled into tie and
With film packaging, and with label labeled species and quantity, it is placed at 1-5 DEG C of temperature and stores, complete the storage of fringe bar at this time.
Selected stock is 2 years raw seedlings in the present invention, and stock starts rudiment in late March mostly, in early April stock
Blade starts to put on display, and the xylem for representing stock at this time is completely exfoliated with bast, and above-mentioned fringe bar pregermination procedure is in April
The case where the case where being put on display according to stock blade and rootstock xylem and bast are removed, it is complete in xylem and the bast of stock
2-3d before fully stripped, the fringe bar stored at 1-5 DEG C of temperature, which is placed in progress sand storage in warm canopy, expands the sprout of fringe bar, until big
After the xylem and bast of most fringe bars are completely exfoliated, fringe bar is taken out from sand, sand is removed in cleaning；Among the above in the temperature canopy into
The process of row sand storage are as follows: use simple greenhouse's greenhouse, river sand blunged and is uniformly made wet sand, husky humidity remain holding at
I.e. scattered state is unclamped by group, is laid with first layer wet sand on the ground in greenhouse, wet sand with a thickness of 10cm, be laid with area
Depending on fringe bar quantity, interval is laid with first layer fringe bar in first layer wet sand, then covers first layer fringe bar with wet sand
And second layer wet sand is formed, then second layer fringe bar is laid in the second journey wet sand, it carries out repeatedly, the fringe bar number of plies therein is not
More than 5 layers, wet sand and fringe bar are laid with and use watering 1-3 times daily after the completion, and day temperature is 25 DEG C -35 in above process medium temperature canopy
DEG C, night temperatures be not less than 15 DEG C, it is preferable that day temperature remain 30 DEG C -35 DEG C, evening temperature remain 15 DEG C -25 DEG C；
Above-mentioned grafting is grafted the sprouting to get off is intercepted in fringe bar to stock with square bud grafting method, i.e., April stock it is wooden
When portion and bast are completed to remove, the bud of apocarya i.e. can be started and connect, generally connect bud can be completed by the end of April；Grafting 2
Week, whether left and right was that can determine whether that bud connects to succeed, its growth period of nursery stock that success is grafted just is 5 to October, into after dormant period
It can be out of the garden, overcome summer budding grafting time too late, growth cycle is short, and nursery stock can not be in the problem being out of the garden for the year；Wherein institute
State the operating procedure of square bud grafting method are as follows: full, undamaged bud is chosen in fringe bar, using double-blade grafting knife to selecting in fringe bar
The surrounding of normal bud is cut, the xylem of the depth of cut of double-blade grafting knife to fringe bar, and the shape of the bud tablets cut down is close
Like skin zone's removing that is rectangular, cutting rectangular graft union on stock using above-mentioned same step, and cutting is completed, expose wooden
Then the bud tablets cut down are grafted to the rectangular graft union of stock, and give binding by portion, wherein the size of the bud tablets is excellent
Choosing is not more than the size of rectangular graft union.
Since 2 months 2016 No. 26 in January, 2018 in the base of Chuzhou City Shahe, forest-science academy of Anhui Province by above-mentioned
Budding method, conventional budding method and conventional whip grafting graft apocarya respectively, and to the graft survival rate of three kinds of methods,
The data such as time that are out of the garden are counted, and detailed data such as the following table 1, wherein embodiment 1-5 is built in the base of Shahe respectively
Step operation progress is connect by bud of the present invention in five greenhouses, control group 1 is using conventional whip grafting and control
Group 2 uses conventional budding method, and wherein control group 1, control group 2, embodiment 1 to embodiment 3 are the horizontal higher skill of same grafting
Art person completes, and by two proficiencys to grafting operation, high technician is not completed respectively for embodiment 4 and embodiment 5, control group
1, the grafting quantity of control group 2 and embodiment 1-5 are 500 plants；
Table 1 is the experimental data of three kinds of methods:
As it can be seen from table 1 the present invention and conventional whip grafting are able to achieve the purpose that current year grafting is out of the garden for the year, but conventional
The budding method that the survival rate of whip grafting will be used far below the present invention；Although using conventional budding method survival rate, technology simultaneously
In terms of it is required that relatively with the present invention, but conventional budding method cannot achieve the purpose that current year grafting is out of the garden for the year, and graft
Survival rate is influenced obvious by environment (such as lasting arid, high temperature)；Between embodiment 1-5 because temperature in each greenhouse,
The factors such as number of sprinkling water influence, and final survival rate has a nuance, but difference and little；Simultaneously from embodiment 1-3 and embodiment
4-5 comparison survives it is found that the horizontal higher technician of the grafting technician not high with proficiency is grafted using the present invention
Rate difference, but difference and little, it is seen that the present invention is not high to the technical requirements of grafting, simple and convenient and easy to study, easy to produce to push away
Extensively.
The above, only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, not to the present invention in any form with substantial limitation,
It should be pointed out that under the premise of not departing from the method for the present invention, can also be made for those skilled in the art
Several improvement and supplement, these are improved and supplement also should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.All those skilled in the art,
Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, when made using disclosed above technology contents it is a little more
Dynamic, modification and the equivalent variations developed, are equivalent embodiment of the invention；Meanwhile all substantial technologicals pair according to the present invention
The variation, modification and evolution of any equivalent variations made by above-described embodiment, still fall within the range of technical solution of the present invention
It is interior.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of budding method of spring apocarya, which comprises the following steps: fringe bar acquires, fringe bar is stored,
Fringe bar vernalization, grafting；
Wherein the fringe bar acquisition is that the annual healthy and strong branch on apocarya scion elite stand is marked, in scion mother
Being cut from scion elite stand according to the terminal bud state of the 1 of label year raw healthy and strong branch annual after spring sprout sprouts occurs in tree
Healthy and strong branch, as required fringe bar；
Wherein the fringe bar vernalization is in April according to stock blade to put on display situation and from skin situation, rootstock xylem with it is tough
Preceding 2-3d is completely exfoliated in skin zone, and fringe bar is placed in progress sand storage vernalization in warm canopy, and fringe bar water suction, sprout are expanded after sand storage,
Xylem starts to remove with bast, until taking out fringe bar, medium temperature from sand after the xylem of fringe bar and bast are kept completely separate
Day temperature is 25 DEG C -35 DEG C in canopy, evening temperature is not less than 15 DEG C；
Wherein the grafting is grafted the sprouting to get off is intercepted in fringe bar to stock using square bud grafting method.
2. the budding method of spring apocarya as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the terminal bud state is fringe bar
Terminal bud perula start shedding off, terminal bud expands and at celadon, other lateral bud perulas start to loosen, this for acquisition fringe bar it is best when
Phase.
3. the budding method of spring apocarya as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the fringe bar storage is that will adopt
The fringe bar integrated is cut into length as the fringe bar of 30cm, and the fringe bar for processing of sealing with wax is bundled into bundle using processing of sealing with wax by the both ends of fringe bar
And with film packaging, and with label labeled species and quantity, it is placed at 1-5 DEG C of temperature and stores.
4. the budding method of spring apocarya as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that carry out sand storage in the temperature canopy
Process are as follows: use simple greenhouse's greenhouse, river sand blunged and is uniformly made wet sand, husky humidity remain hold it is agglomerating, loose
I.e. scattered state is opened, first layer wet sand is laid on the ground in greenhouse, wet sand is with a thickness of 10cm, laying area according to fringe
Depending on quantity, interval is laid with first layer fringe bar in first layer wet sand, then covers first layer fringe bar with wet sand and is formed
Second layer wet sand, then second layer fringe bar is laid in the second journey wet sand, it carries out repeatedly, the fringe bar number of plies therein is no more than 5
Layer, wet sand and fringe bar be laid with after the completion of daily with watering 1-3 times, in the greenhouse day temperature remain 30 DEG C -35 DEG C,
Evening temperature remains 15 DEG C ~ 25 DEG C.
5. the budding method of spring apocarya as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the behaviour of the square bud grafting method
Make step are as follows: choose full, undamaged bud in fringe bar, cut using double-blade grafting knife to the surrounding for selecting bud in fringe bar
It cuts, xylem of the depth of cut of double-blade grafting knife to fringe bar, the shape squarish of the bud tablets cut down, using above-mentioned same
Sample step cuts rectangular graft union on stock, and the skin zone that cutting is completed tears off, exposes xylem, then will cut down
Bud tablets graft to the graft union of stock, and give binding；Wherein the size of the bud tablets is not more than the size of rectangular graft union.
6. the budding method of spring apocarya as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the stock is 2 years raw real
Raw seedling.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201810865335.8A CN108934513B (en) | 2018-08-01 | 2018-08-01 | Bud grafting method of apocarya in spring |
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| CN201810865335.8A CN108934513B (en) | 2018-08-01 | 2018-08-01 | Bud grafting method of apocarya in spring |
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| CN108934513B CN108934513B (en) | 2020-12-04 |
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Cited By (2)
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| CN110881324A (en) * | 2019-10-24 | 2020-03-17 | 山东省林业科学研究院 | Walnut spring bud grafting technical method |
| CN113196963A (en) * | 2021-05-13 | 2021-08-03 | 北京亚林佳农生物科学研究院 | Efficient pecan budding method |
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| CN113196963A (en) * | 2021-05-13 | 2021-08-03 | 北京亚林佳农生物科学研究院 | Efficient pecan budding method |
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|---|---|
| CN108934513B (en) | 2020-12-04 |
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