CN110881324A - Walnut spring bud grafting technical method - Google Patents
Walnut spring bud grafting technical method Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/30—Grafting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
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Abstract
The invention discloses a walnut spring bud grafting technical method, and belongs to the technical field of walnut grafting. A walnut spring bud grafting technical method comprises the following steps: s1, selecting a grafting stock as a one-year or two-year-old 'JIZHUAmian' walnut/early bearing walnut seedling, wherein the seedling is required to have good growth vigor and no plant diseases and insect pests, and the ground diameter is more than or equal to 1.0 cm; s2, selecting a grafting scion variety, namely Xiangling, Liaohe No. 1, delicate fragrance, Yuanlin or green walnut, wherein the scion can be stored in a refrigeration house or an annual vegetative shoot sprouting in the spring germination stage; s3, after the walnut rootstock seedlings are subjected to leaf spreading in the grafting time in spring, when the xylem and phloem of the rootstock are separated, grafting is carried out; the method has the advantages of proper spring climate, convenient labor operation and high labor efficiency, and compared with the traditional summer bud grafting technical method, the method has the advantages of advanced grafting time, long seedling growth period, full branches and high emergence rate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of walnut grafting, in particular to a walnut spring bud grafting technical method.
Background
Application number 201711183880.0 in the prior art discloses a walnut grafting method in 2019-05-31, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: (1) preparing a scion; (2) selecting a rootstock; (3) pre-treating scion; (4) grafting; (5) binding and unbinding the new branch after grafting; (6) transplanting, the good-breed walnuts produced by the grafting method for promoting the high yield of the walnut fruits have strong early bearing performance, seeding in the current year, grafting in the current year and bearing fruits in the next year, the fruiting rate is more than 60 percent, the survival rate after transplanting is more than 95 percent, the yield is high, the single-branch fruits are in spike shapes or string shapes, the peach trees are vigorous, the branching rate is strong, and the thorny branches bear fruits.
In the prior art, application number 201810808675.7 discloses a walnut grafting seedling raising method in 2018-11-16, which comprises the following steps: cultivating rootstock, (II) grafting: the method has the characteristics that 1, the method adopts rootstock transplantation to prevent walnut bleeding, and has simple operation and strong feasibility; 2. when the stocks are transplanted, the stocks are graded, the stocks which can not reach the indexes can be continuously cultured, and seedlings in a nursery field are all grafted, so that the land utilization efficiency is improved; 3. different grafting methods (double-tongue grafting and bark grafting) can be selected according to the thickness of the stock, the grafting survival rate is high, the survival rate of the nursery stock is about 85 percent and can reach 90 percent; 4. the grafting time is spring, the bud grafting is contrasted, the growth time is long, the seedling quality of the improved seedlings is high, and the seedling emergence rates of the first-stage seedlings and the second-stage seedlings are about 40 percent respectively; the walnut grafted seedling cultivated by the technique has the characteristics of high survival rate, high seedling rate, regular and consistent seedling growth, developed root system and the like.
The grafting scheme still has certain defects, for example, walnut branches are grafted in the middle and late ten days of 4 months in spring, for example, bark grafting, double-tongue grafting and the like, the grafting climate in the time period is suitable, the temperature is gradually increased, the grafted callus and grafted seedlings can grow favorably, the growth time of grafted buds after grafting is long, and high-quality seedlings can be formed favorably, but the problems of complicated operation, high labor cost, relatively low grafting survival rate, serious scion waste and the like exist in the grafting; the bud grafting is carried out in the middle and late ten days of summer 6 months, such as the bud grafting of a big square, and the like, the bud grafting method has the advantages that the bud grafting operation is convenient, the working efficiency is high, but the bud can be grafted only after the bud grows mature, the grafting time is summer, the temperature is high, the working efficiency of a grafting worker is seriously influenced, meanwhile, the summer is rainy season, the weather such as rainfall and the like is not favorable for the formation of grafting callus and the healing of a grafted body, and the seedling grafting survival rate and the seedling quality are seriously influenced; meanwhile, compared with the grafting in spring, the walnut bud grafting in summer has the advantages that the growth time of the grafted body is short, the annual growth amount of branches is relatively small, the lignification degree of seedlings is low, the problems that the seedlings left on a bed are easily damaged by freezing in winter, the quality of finished seedlings is low and the like are solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the forehead problem in the prior art and provides a walnut spring bud grafting technical method.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a walnut spring bud grafting technical method comprises the following steps:
s1 rootstock selection
The grafting stock is a one-year or two-year-old 'JIZHUARU' walnut/early bearing walnut seedling, and is required to have good growth vigor, no plant diseases and insect pests and a ground diameter of more than or equal to 1.0 cm;
s2 selection of scion
The grafting scion variety is selected from Xiangling, Liaohe Kenu No. 1, delicate fragrance, Yuanlin or green fragrant walnut, and the scion can be stored in a refrigeration house or annual vegetative shoots which sprout in the spring germination stage;
s3 grafting time
After the walnut stock seedlings are subjected to leaf spreading in spring, grafting is carried out when the xylem and phloem of the stock are separated;
s4 grafting part
The grafting part is 5 cm-20 cm above the ground;
s5, selection and treatment of rootstock and scion:
step 1, selection and treatment of scion bud
After the scion is treated, selecting plump and undamaged new buds, removing leaf stalks under the buds according to the growth condition of the buds, transversely cutting 1.5-2.5 cm above and below the buds by one knife, about 1cm in width, vertically cutting two knives between the two transverse cutters, fully connecting the vertical knife with the transverse knife, and taking the lower blocky bud pieces;
step 2, rootstock selection and treatment
Selecting a stock with good annual growth vigor, no plant diseases and insect pests and a ground diameter thickness of about 0.5-2.0 cm for grafting, fixing a position on a smooth surface of the selected stock, and taking cortex which has the same length as the top and the bottom and is larger than the bud slice on the left and the right as well as the bud slice;
s6 grafting
Immediately clinging the taken square bud slices to the wood of the stock, exposing white edges on two sides, immediately binding and tightly binding the square bud slices with the exposed buds of the film strips;
s7, management after grafting
After grafting, applying fertilizer and water to the grafted seedling in proper time, and loosening the film strip after 10-15 days of grafting.
Preferably, the seedling of the "JIZHUAmian" walnut/early bearing walnut described in the step S1 is selected to be grown for one year or two years.
Preferably, when the scion is stored in the refrigeration house before leaf falling or before spring bud sprouting after harvest of autumn walnuts, nutrient branches with robust growth vigor, no plant diseases and insect pests and full buds are collected to serve as scion branches for grafting, the scion branches are collected, classified and bundled, the varieties are marked, and the scion branches are packaged by a polyethylene film in a sealing mode and stored in the refrigeration house at the temperature of 1-4 ℃.
Preferably, before grafting, after scion selection, standing for 2-3 h at natural temperature, and immersing the base of the branch in clear water for 1-2 days.
Preferably, the annual vegetative shoots are collected and selected vegetative shoots which are strong in growth vigor, free of diseases and insect pests and full in bud bodies when the walnut trees begin to sprout in spring, and are marked according to varieties and are used at present.
Preferably, the small wood chip at the bud eye should be re-sliced when the grafted bud is selected and processed in step S5, and no wood is present on the slices.
Preferably, the lower part of the opening may be extended by a length of 0.2cm to 0.4cm when the rootstock is selected and treated in the step S5.
Preferably, in the step S6, the graft is cut to be dry 2.0cm to 3.0cm above the grafting interface.
Compared with the prior art, the invention provides a walnut spring bud grafting technical method, which has the following beneficial effects:
1. the walnut spring bud grafting technical method is characterized in that a bud grafting technical method is adopted to graft fine stock of walnut in spring; a treatment method of storing the scions in winter and picking the scions in spring is adopted; after the walnut stock seedlings are subjected to leaf spreading in spring, grafting is carried out when the xylem and the phloem of the stock are separated, and the grafting period is good.
2. According to the walnut spring bud grafting technical method, the scions are refrigerated in a refrigeration house or stored in the existing picking mode without wax sealing, trimmed branches and branches trimmed in spring are fully utilized, the utilization efficiency of the scions for bud grafting is high, and the labor cost and the like are reduced by more than 15% -20%.
2. The walnut spring bud grafting technical method has the advantages of proper spring climate, convenient labor operation and high labor efficiency.
3. Compared with the traditional summer bud grafting technical method, the walnut spring bud grafting technical method has the advantages that the grafting time is advanced, the growth and development period of the seedlings is long, the branches are full, and the emergence rate is high.
4. The walnut spring bud grafting technical method effectively reduces the labor expenditure for stumping the rootstock seedlings.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described below clearly and completely in connection with the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments.
Example (b):
a walnut spring bud grafting technical method comprises the following steps:
s1 rootstock selection
The grafting stock is a one-year or two-year-old 'JIZHUARU' walnut/early bearing walnut seedling, and is required to have good growth vigor, no plant diseases and insect pests and a ground diameter of more than or equal to 1.0 cm; selecting one or two year old seedling of semen Juglandis/semen Juglandis;
s2 selection of scion
Selecting Xiangling, Liaohe Kenu No. 1, delicate fragrance, Yuanlin or green fragrant walnut as a grafting scion variety, and storing the scion or annual vegetative shoots germinating in spring by adopting a refrigeration house; the grafting scion is derived from a mother tree of a variety approved by a country and provincial forest fine variety or a main cultivated variety in production, such as: walnut fine varieties such as 'Xianglingling', 'Liaonu No. 1', 'faint scent', 'Yuanlin' and 'green scent';
when the scion is stored in a refrigeration house, namely before leaf falling or before spring budding after harvest of autumn walnuts, wound flow is started, vegetative branches with robust growth vigor, no plant diseases and insect pests and full buds are collected to serve as scion strips for grafting, the scion strips are collected, classified and bundled, the varieties are marked, and the scion strips are sealed and packaged by a polyethylene film and stored in the refrigeration house at the temperature of 1-4 ℃;
before grafting, after scion selection, after the scion is wakened up at natural temperature for 2-3 h, the base part of a branch is immersed in clear water for 1-2 days to promote the scion branch to absorb moisture, so that the xylem and phloem of the scion branch can be separated conveniently;
the annual vegetative shoots are collected and selected vegetative shoots which are strong in growth vigor, free of diseases and insect pests and full in buds when walnut trees begin to sprout in spring, and are marked by different varieties and used at present;
s3 grafting time
After the walnut stock seedlings are subjected to leaf spreading in spring, grafting is carried out when the xylem and phloem of the stock are separated; for the best grafting time, the grafting time is generally from the middle and last ten days of 4 months to the last ten days of 5 months in Taian area of Shandong province;
s4 grafting part
The grafting part is 5 cm-20 cm above the ground; in order to meet the requirement of first-grade seedlings of improved walnut seeds and strong seedlings;
s5, selection and treatment of rootstock and scion:
step 1, selection and treatment of scion bud
After the scion is treated, selecting plump and undamaged new buds, removing leaf stalks under the buds according to the growth condition of the buds, transversely cutting 1.5-2.5 cm above and below the buds by one knife, about 1cm in width, vertically cutting two knives between the two transverse cutters, fully connecting the vertical knife with the transverse knife, and taking the lower blocky bud pieces; the small wood core at the bud eye is arranged on the bud sheet but does not need to be provided with wood; the lower part of the opening can extend to a bleeding water outlet with the length of 0.2 cm-0.4 cm when the stock is selected and treated; so as to avoid the influence of wound flow on survival of grafting;
step 2, rootstock selection and treatment
Selecting a stock with good annual growth vigor, no plant diseases and insect pests and a ground diameter thickness of about 0.5-2.0 cm for grafting, fixing a position on a smooth surface of the selected stock, and taking cortex which has the same length as the top and the bottom and is larger than the bud slice on the left and the right as well as the bud slice;
s6 grafting
Immediately clinging the taken square bud slices to the wood of the stock, exposing white edges on two sides, immediately binding and tightly binding the square bud slices with the exposed buds of the film strips; cutting to dry at the position 2.0-3.0 cm above the grafting interface; preventing and treating dehydration after grafting, and concentrating nutrition for healing the grafted body;
s7, management after grafting
After grafting, applying fertilizer and watering to the grafted seedling in proper time, and opening the film strip after 10-15 days of grafting.
The following is illustrated in connection with three test examples: the method comprises the steps of taking the sciaenopsis glauca as a stock, grafting 'Yuanlin', 'green-fragrant' and 'Xianglingu' walnut varieties respectively, wherein the budding time in spring is 4 months and 24 days, and the budding time in summer is 6 months and 12 days.
Test example 1:
s1 rootstock selection
The grafting stock is a one-year or two-year-old 'JIZHUAmian' walnut, and is required to have good growth vigor and no plant diseases and insect pests, and the ground diameter is more than or equal to 1.0 cm; selecting one or two-year old walnuts of the 'Jizhuanmian' seedlings;
s2 selection of scion
Selecting a Yuan forest as a grafting scion variety, wherein the scion can be stored in a refrigeration house or an annual vegetative shoot which sprouts in the spring germination stage; the grafting scion is derived from a mother tree of a variety determined by national and provincial grade forest fine variety or a main cultivated variety in production;
when the scion is stored in a refrigeration house, namely before leaf falling or before spring budding after harvest of autumn walnuts, wound flow is started, vegetative branches with robust growth vigor, no plant diseases and insect pests and full buds are collected to serve as scion strips for grafting, the scion strips are collected, classified and bundled, the varieties are marked, and the scion strips are sealed and packaged by a polyethylene film and stored in the refrigeration house at the temperature of 1-4 ℃;
before grafting, after scion selection, after the scion is wakened up at natural temperature for 2-3 h, the base part of a branch is immersed in clear water for 1-2 days to promote the scion branch to absorb moisture, so that the xylem and phloem of the scion branch can be separated conveniently;
the annual vegetative shoots are collected and selected vegetative shoots which are strong in growth vigor, free of diseases and insect pests and full in buds when walnut trees begin to sprout in spring, and are marked by different varieties and used at present;
s3 grafting time
After the walnut stock seedlings are subjected to leaf spreading in spring, grafting is carried out when the xylem and phloem of the stock are separated; for the best grafting time, the day is 4 months and 24 days in Taian area of Shandong province;
s4 grafting part
The grafting part is 5 cm-20 cm above the ground; in order to meet the requirement of first-grade seedlings of improved walnut seeds and strong seedlings;
s5, selection and treatment of rootstock and scion:
step 1, selection and treatment of scion bud
After the scion is treated, selecting plump and undamaged new buds, removing leaf stalks under the buds according to the growth condition of the buds, transversely cutting 1.5-2.5 cm above and below the buds by one knife, about 1cm in width, vertically cutting two knives between the two transverse cutters, fully connecting the vertical knife with the transverse knife, and taking the lower blocky bud pieces; the small wood core at the bud eye is arranged on the bud sheet but does not need to be provided with wood; the lower part of the opening can extend to a bleeding water outlet with the length of 0.2 cm-0.4 cm when the stock is selected and treated; so as to avoid the influence of wound flow on survival of grafting;
step 2, rootstock selection and treatment
Selecting a stock with good annual growth vigor, no plant diseases and insect pests and a ground diameter thickness of about 0.5-2.0 cm for grafting, fixing a position on a smooth surface of the selected stock, and taking cortex which has the same length as the top and the bottom and is larger than the bud slice on the left and the right as well as the bud slice;
s6 grafting
Immediately clinging the taken square bud slices to the wood of the stock, exposing white edges on two sides, immediately binding and tightly binding the square bud slices with the exposed buds of the film strips; cutting to dry at the position 2.0-3.0 cm above the grafting interface; preventing and treating dehydration after grafting, and concentrating nutrition for healing the grafted body;
s7, management after grafting
After grafting, applying fertilizer and water to the grafted seedling in proper time, and loosening the film strip after 10-15 days of grafting.
Test example 2:
s1 rootstock selection
The grafting stock is a one-year or two-year-old 'Jizhuanmian' walnut seedling, the growth vigor is required to be good, no plant diseases and insect pests exist, and the ground diameter is more than or equal to 1.0 cm; selecting one-year or two-year old seedlings of the 'Jizhuanmian' walnut;
s2 selection of scion
Selecting green fragrant walnut as a grafting scion variety, wherein the scion can be stored in a refrigeration house or an annual vegetative shoot which sprouts in the spring germination stage; the grafting scion is derived from a parent tree of a variety approved by national and provincial grade forest good species or a main cultivated variety in production;
when the scion is stored in a refrigeration house, namely before leaf falling or before spring budding after harvest of autumn walnuts, wound flow is started, vegetative branches with robust growth vigor, no plant diseases and insect pests and full buds are collected to serve as scion strips for grafting, the scion strips are collected, classified and bundled, the varieties are marked, and the scion strips are sealed and packaged by a polyethylene film and stored in the refrigeration house at the temperature of 1-4 ℃;
before grafting, after scion selection, after the scion is wakened up at natural temperature for 2-3 h, the base part of a branch is immersed in clear water for 1-2 days to promote the scion branch to absorb moisture, so that the xylem and phloem of the scion branch can be separated conveniently;
the annual vegetative shoots are collected and selected vegetative shoots which are strong in growth vigor, free of diseases and insect pests and full in buds when walnut trees begin to sprout in spring, and are marked by different varieties and used at present;
s3 grafting time
After the walnut stock seedlings are subjected to leaf spreading in spring, grafting is carried out when the xylem and phloem of the stock are separated; for the best grafting time, the day is generally 4 months and 24 days in Taian area of Shandong province;
s4 grafting part
The grafting part is 5 cm-20 cm above the ground; in order to meet the requirement of first-grade seedlings of improved walnut seeds and strong seedlings;
s5, selection and treatment of rootstock and scion:
step 1, selection and treatment of scion bud
After the scion is treated, selecting plump and undamaged new buds, removing leaf stalks under the buds according to the growth condition of the buds, transversely cutting 1.5-2.5 cm above and below the buds by one knife, about 1cm in width, vertically cutting two knives between the two transverse cutters, fully connecting the vertical knife with the transverse knife, and taking the lower blocky bud pieces; the small wood core at the bud eye is arranged on the bud sheet but does not need to be provided with wood; the lower part of the opening can extend to a bleeding water outlet with the length of 0.2 cm-0.4 cm when the stock is selected and treated; so as to avoid the influence of wound flow on survival of grafting;
step 2, rootstock selection and treatment
Selecting a stock with good annual growth vigor, no plant diseases and insect pests and a ground diameter thickness of about 0.5-2.0 cm for grafting, fixing a position on a smooth surface of the selected stock, and taking cortex which has the same length as the top and the bottom and is larger than the bud slice on the left and the right as well as the bud slice;
s6 grafting
Immediately clinging the taken square bud slices to the wood of the stock, exposing white edges on two sides, immediately binding and tightly binding the square bud slices with the exposed buds of the film strips; cutting to dry at the position 2.0-3.0 cm above the grafting interface; preventing and treating dehydration after grafting, and concentrating nutrition for healing the grafted body;
s7, management after grafting
After grafting, applying fertilizer and watering to the grafted seedling in proper time, and opening the film strip after 10-15 days of grafting.
Test example 3:
a walnut spring bud grafting technical method comprises the following steps:
s1 rootstock selection
The grafting stock is a one-year or two-year-old 'Jizhuanmian' walnut seedling, the growth vigor is required to be good, no plant diseases and insect pests exist, and the ground diameter is more than or equal to 1.0 cm; selecting one or two-year old walnuts of the 'Jizhuanmian' seedlings;
s2 selection of scion
Selecting Xianglingwalnut as a grafting scion variety, and storing the scion or annual vegetative shoots sprouting in the spring germination stage by adopting a refrigeration house; the grafting scion is derived from a parent tree of a variety approved by national and provincial grade forest good species or a main cultivated variety in production;
when the scion is stored in a refrigeration house, namely before leaf falling or before spring budding after harvest of autumn walnuts, wound flow is started, vegetative branches with robust growth vigor, no plant diseases and insect pests and full buds are collected to serve as scion strips for grafting, the scion strips are collected, classified and bundled, the varieties are marked, and the scion strips are sealed and packaged by a polyethylene film and stored in the refrigeration house at the temperature of 1-4 ℃;
before grafting, after scion selection, after the scion is wakened up at natural temperature for 2-3 h, the base part of a branch is immersed in clear water for 1-2 days to promote the scion branch to absorb moisture, so that the xylem and phloem of the scion branch can be separated conveniently;
the annual vegetative shoots are collected and selected vegetative shoots which are strong in growth vigor, free of diseases and insect pests and full in buds when walnut trees begin to sprout in spring, and are marked by different varieties and used at present;
s3 grafting time
After the walnut stock seedlings are subjected to leaf spreading in spring, grafting is carried out when the xylem and phloem of the stock are separated; for the best grafting time, the day is generally 4 months and 24 days in Taian area of Shandong province;
s4 grafting part
The grafting part is 5 cm-20 cm above the ground; in order to meet the requirement of first-grade seedlings of improved walnut seeds and strong seedlings;
s5, selection and treatment of rootstock and scion:
step 1, selection and treatment of scion bud
After the scion is treated, selecting plump and undamaged new buds, removing leaf stalks under the buds according to the growth condition of the buds, transversely cutting 1.5-2.5 cm above and below the buds by one knife, about 1cm in width, vertically cutting two knives between the two transverse cutters, fully connecting the vertical knife with the transverse knife, and taking the lower blocky bud pieces; the small wood core at the bud eye is arranged on the bud sheet but does not need to be provided with wood; the lower part of the opening can extend to a bleeding water outlet with the length of 0.2 cm-0.4 cm when the stock is selected and treated; so as to avoid the influence of wound flow on survival of grafting;
step 2, rootstock selection and treatment
Selecting a stock with good annual growth vigor, no plant diseases and insect pests and a ground diameter thickness of about 0.5-2.0 cm for grafting, fixing a position on a smooth surface of the selected stock, and taking cortex which has the same length as the top and the bottom and is larger than the bud slice on the left and the right as well as the bud slice;
s6 grafting
Immediately clinging the taken square bud slices to the wood of the stock, exposing white edges on two sides, immediately binding and tightly binding the square bud slices with the exposed buds of the film strips; cutting to dry at the position 2.0-3.0 cm above the grafting interface; preventing and treating dehydration after grafting, and concentrating nutrition for healing the grafted body;
s7, management after grafting
After grafting, applying fertilizer and watering to the grafted seedling in proper time, and opening the film strip after 10-15 days of grafting.
In the above three test examples; each variety is grafted with 100 plants respectively, and the grafting survival rate of the nursery stock and the quality of the grafted seedling after leaf falling are investigated and shown in table 1:
the above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and equivalent alternatives or modifications according to the technical solution and the inventive concept of the present invention should be covered by the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A walnut spring bud grafting technical method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1 rootstock selection
The grafting stock is a one-year or two-year-old 'JIZHUARU' walnut/early bearing walnut seedling, and is required to have good growth vigor, no plant diseases and insect pests and a ground diameter of more than or equal to 1.0 cm;
s2 selection of scion
The grafting scion variety is selected from Xiangling, Liaohe Kenu No. 1, delicate fragrance, Yuanlin or green fragrant walnut, and the scion can be stored in a refrigeration house or annual vegetative shoots which sprout in the spring germination stage;
s3 grafting time
After the walnut stock seedlings are subjected to leaf spreading in spring, grafting is carried out when the xylem and phloem of the stock are separated;
s4 grafting part
The grafting part is 5 cm-20 cm above the ground;
s5, selection and treatment of rootstock and scion:
step 1, selection and treatment of scion bud
After the scion is treated, selecting plump and undamaged new buds, removing leaf stalks under the buds according to the growth condition of the buds, transversely cutting the upper and lower parts of the buds by 1.5-2.5 cm for about 1cm, vertically cutting two cutters between the two transverse cutters, fully connecting the vertical cutters with the transverse cutters, and taking off square bud slices;
step 2, rootstock selection and treatment
Selecting a stock with good annual growth vigor, no plant diseases and insect pests and a ground diameter thickness of about 0.5-2.0 cm for grafting, fixing a position on a smooth surface of the selected stock, and taking cortex which has the same length as the top and the bottom and is larger than the bud slice on the left and the right as well as the bud slice;
s6 grafting
Immediately clinging the taken square bud slices to the wood of the stock, exposing white edges on two sides, immediately binding and tightly binding the square bud slices with the exposed buds of the film strips;
s7, management after grafting
After grafting, applying fertilizer and water to the grafted seedling in proper time, and loosening the film strip after grafting for 10-15 days.
2. The walnut spring bud grafting technical method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the "JIZHUAmian" walnut/early bearing walnut seedlings in the step S1 are selected to be one or two years old.
3. The walnut spring bud grafting technical method according to claim 1, wherein when the cold storage preservation scion is started before fallen leaves or before spring festival bud germination after autumn walnut harvest, vegetative shoots which are robust in growth vigor, free of plant diseases and insect pests and full in bud bodies are collected as scion strips for grafting, the scion shoots are collected and then are subjected to seed sorting and bundling, the varieties are marked, the varieties are sealed and packaged by a polyethylene film, and the scion is preserved in the cold storage at the temperature of 1-4 ℃.
4. The walnut spring bud grafting technical method according to claim 3, wherein before grafting, after scion selection, after waking up for 2-3 hours at natural temperature, the base of the branch is immersed in clear water for 1-2 days.
5. The walnut spring bud grafting technical method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the annual vegetative shoots are selected from vegetative shoots which are strong in growth vigor, free of plant diseases and insect pests and full in bud bodies when walnut trees begin to sprout in spring, and are marked by different varieties and used at present.
6. The walnut spring bud grafting technical method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step S5, the small wood chip at the bud eye is re-sliced when the grafting bud is selected and processed, and no wood is present on the sliced piece.
7. The walnut spring bud grafting technical method according to claim 1 or 6, wherein the lower part of the opening can extend for a 0.2 cm-0.4 cm wound drain when selecting and processing the rootstock in the step S5.
8. The walnut spring bud grafting technical method according to claim 1, wherein in the step S6, the grafting cut is cut to be dry 2.0-3.0 cm above the grafting cut.
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| CN201911017039.3A CN110881324A (en) | 2019-10-24 | 2019-10-24 | Walnut spring bud grafting technical method |
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107027521A (en) * | 2017-01-22 | 2017-08-11 | 山东省林业科学研究院 | A kind of walnut hard branch square bud connects method for culturing seedlings |
| CN108040648A (en) * | 2017-12-18 | 2018-05-18 | 绩溪县万禾林业开发有限公司 | A kind of hickory grafting method |
| CN108934513A (en) * | 2018-08-01 | 2018-12-07 | 安徽省林业科学研究院 | A kind of budding method of spring apocarya |
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Patent Citations (3)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107027521A (en) * | 2017-01-22 | 2017-08-11 | 山东省林业科学研究院 | A kind of walnut hard branch square bud connects method for culturing seedlings |
| CN108040648A (en) * | 2017-12-18 | 2018-05-18 | 绩溪县万禾林业开发有限公司 | A kind of hickory grafting method |
| CN108934513A (en) * | 2018-08-01 | 2018-12-07 | 安徽省林业科学研究院 | A kind of budding method of spring apocarya |
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| 张亚娟等: "核桃芽接育苗技术", 《绿色科技》 * |
| 相昆等: "核桃的春季带木质芽接嫁接技术", 《落叶果树》 * |
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