CN103749137B - A kind of cuttage and seedling culture method of Malus toringoides Hughes - Google Patents
A kind of cuttage and seedling culture method of Malus toringoides Hughes Download PDFInfo
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- CN103749137B CN103749137B CN201410021172.7A CN201410021172A CN103749137B CN 103749137 B CN103749137 B CN 103749137B CN 201410021172 A CN201410021172 A CN 201410021172A CN 103749137 B CN103749137 B CN 103749137B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of cuttage and seedling culture method of Malus toringoides Hughes, slotting machine process, slotting machine lower berth cobblestone, repave Nutrition Soil and perlitic compound after spreading window screening above, sterilizing is carried out to soil; From the Malus toringoides Hughes elite stand of 10 years raw left and right, clip growth is normal, do cutting without the semi-lignified branch that damage by disease and insect, bud are full, takes back making cuttings in time; Process in early stage is carried out to cuttings, carries out cuttage; Carry out inserting rear management.The present invention is simple to operate, survival rate is high, can meet Malus toringoides Hughes nursery stock production demand, adopt 3 Nutrition Soils: 1 perlite is as cutting medium, and matrix is loose ventilative, nutritious, can provide nursery stock early growth desired nutritional; In 1200mg/L naphthalene acid solution, quickly dipped rear cuttage, shortens cutting time, improves efficiency; Cuttage survival rate reaches more than 90%, and seedling growth is healthy and strong, maintains maternal merit; Compared with seed seedling-raising, cottage propagation is not subject to seasonal restrictions, can with adopting with inserting, and operation is simple.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of plant asexual propagation, particularly relate to a kind of cuttage and seedling culture method of Malus toringoides Hughes.
Background technology
Malus toringoides Hughes (Malustoringoides) is the rose family (Rosaceae) Malus (Malus) M. kansuensesSchneid plant, is mainly distributed in Southeastern Tibetan plateau.This seeds blade is rich in multiple nutritional components, has the effect of falling " three is high ", is the primary raw material making " the snowy region Russia look bitter edible plant ", the Main Economic seeds in Shi Chuanxi plateau and mountains district.
Malus toringoides Hughes is based on seeding and seedling raising, be published in " forestry practical technique " (2006,: 31-32) and " Chinese patent " (2013 (9), 2,24) two sections of documents on, concrete introduction has been done to the seeding and seedling raising of Malus toringoides Hughes, and relevant Malus toringoides Hughes cottage propagation not yet relates to.
Seeding and seedling raising is the common seedling-cultivating method in producing, but seedling growth is comparatively slow, seedling raise period is longer, and interindividual variation is large, the good characteristic of parent is difficult to heredity, easily produces variation.And the important means that cottage propagation is clone breeds, the excellent hereditary feature of parent can be inherited with chapter and verse, and seedling growth is healthy and strong fast.Therefore, carry out the research of Malus toringoides Hughes cutting propagation, its fine-variety breeding and Popularization And Development tool are of great significance.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of cuttage and seedling culture method of Malus toringoides Hughes, be intended to solve Malus toringoides Hughes seeding and seedling raising seedling growth comparatively slowly, seedling raise period is longer, interindividual variation is large, the good characteristic of parent is difficult to heredity, easily produces the problem of variation.
The present invention is achieved in that a kind of cuttage and seedling culture method of Malus toringoides Hughes comprises the following steps:
Step one, slotting machine process, slotting machine lower berth cobblestone, repaves Nutrition Soil and perlitic compound, carries out sterilizing to soil after spreading window screening above;
Step 2, from the Malus toringoides Hughes elite stand of 10 years raw left and right, clip growth is normal, do cutting without the semi-lignified branch that damage by disease and insect, bud are full, takes back making cuttings in time;
Step 3, cuttings carried out to process in early stage, carry out cuttage;
Step 4, carry out insert after management.
Further, the concrete grammar of the slotting machine process described in step one is as follows:
With long 7m, wide 1.2m, the seedbed of high 0.5m is as slotting machine, slotting machine lower floor spreads the thick cobblestone of one deck 10cm, repaving the thick mass ratio of 15 ~ 20cm after the paving one deck window screening of top is Nutrition Soil: perlite=3: the Nutrition Soil of 1 and perlitic compound, use 0.3% potassium permanganate and carbendazim 800 times of liquid evenly to spray into matrix the last week in cuttage, cover plastic film and carry out soil sterilization sterilization.It is for subsequent use that cuttage irrigates matrix with running water the previous day again.
Further, the concrete grammar of the making cuttings described in step 2 is as follows:
From the Malus toringoides Hughes elite stand of 10 years raw left and right, clip growth is normal, do cutting without the semi-lignified branch that damage by disease and insect, bud are full, takes back in time, cutting is cut into the cuttings that length is 6 ~ 8cm, reservation 2 ~ 3 buds in each cuttings.Cuttings lower end is whittled into horse ear shape inclined-plane, and upper end is truncate, requires that otch is level and smooth.Put into cut-and-dried sucrose water, put into cut-and-dried sucrose water, prevent loss of water.
Further, the concrete grammar of the cuttage described in step 3 is as follows:
Soak with the eluent of 3% ethanol and 0.5% liquor potassic permanganate before cuttage, then with clear water, cutting base portion is rinsed well, then cuttings base portion is put into quickly dipped about the 10s of naphthalene acid solution of 1200mg/L, with spacing in the rows 10cm, the specification of line-spacing 10cm carries out cuttage, and the cuttage degree of depth is about 2/3 of cuttings length, presses real seedbed after cuttage with two hands, make cuttings and matrix close contact, cuttage is complete water immediately permeable.
Further, the concrete grammar inserting rear management described in step 4 is as follows:
After inserting, water supply in media is controlled in the most critical measure of management well, accomplishes matrix not ponding, and blade keeps wet dew, at the cuttage initial stage, for keeping water balance in cuttings body, an arched roof can be built on seedbed, cover plastic film, make canopy iuuminting rate be 80% ~ 90%, temperature remains between 15 ~ 25 DEG C, relative moisture about 90%, when temperature of shed is too high, open film two ends aeration-cooling, when illumination at noon is too strong, on film, take sunshade net; After 15 days, when starting to produce callus, suitably can increase illumination, sooner or later increasing scattered light, suitably reducing relative moisture, maintain between 70% ~ 80%; Open film after taking root and increase seedbed illumination, suitably can spray 0.2% urea and 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate aqueous solution simultaneously, maintain plant desired nutritional; Every 1 week after cuttage, sterilize 1 time with the 800 times of bactericide such as carbendazim or thiophanate methyl mixed atomizings, occur with disease prevention; Check temperature, humidity every day, control courses of infection, removes the fringe bar rotted in time.
Further, the suitable cuttage of described Malus toringoides Hughes cuttage and seedling culture method be season spring late March to early April and early October.
effect gathers
Malus toringoides Hughes cuttage and seedling culture method of the present invention is simple to operate, be easy to grasp, survival rate is high, Malus toringoides Hughes nursery stock production demand can be met, adopt 3 Nutrition Soils: 1 perlite is as cutting medium, and matrix is loose ventilative, nutritious, can provide nursery stock early growth desired nutritional; In 1200mg/L naphthalene acid solution, quickly dipped rear cuttage, shortens cutting time, improves efficiency; Cuttage survival rate reaches more than 90%, and seedling growth is healthy and strong, maintains maternal merit; Compared with seed seedling-raising, cottage propagation is not subject to seasonal restrictions, can with adopting with inserting, and operation is simple.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the Malus toringoides Hughes cuttage and seedling culture method flow chart that the embodiment of the present invention provides.
Embodiment
In order to make object of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearly understand, below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further elaborated.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein only in order to explain the present invention, be not intended to limit the present invention.
Fig. 1 shows the flow process of Malus toringoides Hughes cuttage and seedling culture method of the present invention, and as shown in the figure, the present invention is achieved in that a kind of cuttage and seedling culture method of Malus toringoides Hughes comprises the following steps:
S101: slotting machine process, slotting machine lower berth cobblestone, repaves Nutrition Soil and perlitic compound, carries out sterilizing to soil after spreading window screening above;
S102: from the Malus toringoides Hughes elite stand of 10 years raw left and right, clip growth is normal, do cutting without the semi-lignified branch that damage by disease and insect, bud are full, takes back making cuttings in time;
S103: process in early stage is carried out to cuttings, carries out cuttage;
S104: carry out inserting rear management.
Further, the concrete grammar of the slotting machine process described in step S101 is as follows:
With long 7m, wide 1.2m, the seedbed of high 0.5m is as slotting machine, slotting machine lower floor spreads the thick cobblestone of one deck 10cm, repaving the thick mass ratio of 15 ~ 20cm after the paving one deck window screening of top is Nutrition Soil: perlite=3: the Nutrition Soil of 1 and perlitic compound, use 0.3% potassium permanganate and carbendazim 800 times of liquid evenly to spray into matrix the last week in cuttage, cover plastic film and carry out soil sterilization sterilization.It is for subsequent use that cuttage irrigates matrix with running water the previous day again.
Further, the concrete grammar of the making cuttings described in step S102 is as follows:
From the Malus toringoides Hughes elite stand of 10 years raw left and right, clip growth is normal, do cutting without the semi-lignified branch that damage by disease and insect, bud are full, takes back in time, cutting is cut into the cuttings that length is 6 ~ 8cm, reservation 2 ~ 3 buds in each cuttings.Cuttings lower end is whittled into horse ear shape inclined-plane, and upper end is truncate, requires that otch is level and smooth.Put into cut-and-dried sucrose water, put into cut-and-dried sucrose water, prevent loss of water.
Further, the concrete grammar of the cuttage described in step S103 is as follows:
Soak with the eluent of 3% ethanol and 0.5% liquor potassic permanganate before cuttage, then with clear water, cutting base portion is rinsed well, then cuttings base portion is put into quickly dipped about the 10s of naphthalene acid solution of 1200mg/L, with spacing in the rows 10cm, the specification of line-spacing 10cm carries out cuttage, and the cuttage degree of depth is about 2/3 of cuttings length, presses real seedbed after cuttage with two hands, make cuttings and matrix close contact, cuttage is complete water immediately permeable.
Further, the concrete grammar inserting rear management described in step S104 is as follows:
After inserting, water supply in media is controlled in the most critical measure of management well, accomplishes matrix not ponding, and blade keeps wet dew, at the cuttage initial stage, for keeping water balance in cuttings body, an arched roof can be built on seedbed, cover plastic film, make canopy iuuminting rate be 80% ~ 90%, temperature remains between 15 ~ 25 DEG C, relative moisture about 90%, when temperature of shed is too high, open film two ends aeration-cooling, when illumination at noon is too strong, on film, take sunshade net; After 15 days, when starting to produce callus, suitably can increase illumination, sooner or later increasing scattered light, suitably reducing relative moisture, maintain between 70% ~ 80%; Open film after taking root and increase seedbed illumination, suitably can spray 0.2% urea and 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate aqueous solution simultaneously, maintain plant desired nutritional; Every 1 week after cuttage, sterilize 1 time with the 800 times of bactericide such as carbendazim or thiophanate methyl mixed atomizings, occur with disease prevention; Check temperature, humidity every day, control courses of infection, removes the fringe bar rotted in time.
Further, the suitable cuttage of described Malus toringoides Hughes cuttage and seedling culture method be season spring late March to early April and early October.
Malus toringoides Hughes cuttage and seedling culture method of the present invention is simple to operate, be easy to grasp, survival rate is high, Malus toringoides Hughes nursery stock production demand can be met, adopt 3 Nutrition Soils: 1 perlite is as cutting medium, and matrix is loose ventilative, nutritious, can provide nursery stock early growth desired nutritional; In 1200mg/L naphthalene acid solution, quickly dipped rear cuttage, shortens cutting time, improves efficiency; Cuttage survival rate reaches more than 90%, and seedling growth is healthy and strong, maintains maternal merit; Compared with seed seedling-raising, cottage propagation is not subject to seasonal restrictions, can with adopting with inserting, and operation is simple.
By reference to the accompanying drawings the specific embodiment of the present invention is described although above-mentioned; but not limiting the scope of the invention; one of ordinary skill in the art should be understood that; on the basis of technical scheme of the present invention, those skilled in the art do not need to pay various amendment or distortion that performing creative labour can make still within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. a cuttage and seedling culture method for Malus toringoides Hughes, is characterized in that, the cuttage and seedling culture method of described Malus toringoides Hughes comprises the following steps:
Step one, slotting machine process, slotting machine lower berth cobblestone, repaves Nutrition Soil and perlitic matrix, carries out sterilizing to soil after spreading window screening above;
Step 2, from the Malus toringoides Hughes elite stand of 10 years raw left and right, clip growth is normal, do cutting without the semi-lignified branch that damage by disease and insect, bud are full, takes back making cuttings in time;
Step 3, cuttings carried out to process in early stage, carry out cuttage;
Step 4, carry out insert after management;
The concrete grammar of the slotting machine process described in step one is as follows:
With long 7m, wide 1.2m, the seedbed of high 0.5m is as slotting machine, slotting machine lower floor spreads the thick cobblestone of one deck 10cm, repaving the thick mass ratio of 15 ~ 20cm after the paving one deck window screening of top is Nutrition Soil: perlite=3: the Nutrition Soil of 1 and perlitic matrix, use 0.3% potassium permanganate and carbendazim 800 times of liquid evenly to spray into matrix the last week in cuttage, cover plastic film and carry out soil sterilization sterilization; It is for subsequent use that cuttage irrigates matrix with running water the previous day again;
The concrete grammar of the making cuttings described in step 2 is as follows:
From the Malus toringoides Hughes elite stand of 10 years raw left and right, clip growth is normal, do cutting without the semi-lignified branch that damage by disease and insect, bud are full, takes back in time, cutting is cut into the cuttings that length is 6 ~ 8cm, reservation 2 ~ 3 buds in each cuttings; Cuttings lower end is whittled into horse ear shape inclined-plane, and upper end is truncate, requires that otch is level and smooth; Put into cut-and-dried sucrose water, prevent loss of water;
The concrete grammar of the cuttage described in step 3 is as follows:
Soak with the eluent of 3% ethanol and 0.5% liquor potassic permanganate before cuttage, then with clear water, cuttings base portion is rinsed well, then cuttings base portion is put into quickly dipped about the 10s of naphthalene acid solution of 1200mg/L, with spacing in the rows 10cm, the specification of line-spacing 10cm carries out cuttage, and the cuttage degree of depth is about 2/3 of cuttings length, presses real slotting machine after cuttage with two hands, make cuttings and matrix close contact, cuttage is complete water immediately permeable;
The concrete grammar inserting rear management described in step 4 is as follows:
After inserting, water supply in media is controlled in the most critical measure of management well, accomplishes matrix not ponding, and blade keeps wet dew, at the cuttage initial stage, for keeping water balance in cuttings body, on slotting machine, build an arched roof, cover plastic film, make canopy iuuminting rate be 80% ~ 90%, temperature remains between 15 ~ 25 DEG C, relative moisture about 90%, when temperature of shed is too high, open plastic film two ends aeration-cooling, when illumination at noon is too strong, sunshade net is taken in face on a plastic film; After 15 days, when starting to produce callus, suitably increasing illumination, sooner or later increasing scattered light, suitably reducing relative moisture, maintain between 70% ~ 80%; Open plastic film after taking root and increase slotting machine illumination, suitably spray 0.2% urea and 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate aqueous solution simultaneously, maintain plant desired nutritional; Every 1 week after cuttage, sterilize 1 time with 800 times of carbendazim or Cercobinm mixed atomizing, occur with disease prevention; Check temperature, humidity every day, control courses of infection, removes the cuttings of rotting in time;
The suitable cuttage of described Malus toringoides Hughes cuttage and seedling culture method be season spring late March to early April and early October.
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