CN103688837B - A kind of Nanchuan willow seed propagation method and application - Google Patents
A kind of Nanchuan willow seed propagation method and application Download PDFInfo
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- CN103688837B CN103688837B CN201310709494.6A CN201310709494A CN103688837B CN 103688837 B CN103688837 B CN 103688837B CN 201310709494 A CN201310709494 A CN 201310709494A CN 103688837 B CN103688837 B CN 103688837B
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Abstract
The invention provides a kind of Nanchuan willow seed propagation method, in the season of Nanchuan willow seed maturity, collect Nanchuan willow seed, utilize porous seedling-cultivating tray, matrix and nutrient solution to enter floating seedlings, when Liu Miao is 5 ~ 10cm height, carry out secondary transplanting.The present invention is directed to ecological seeds---the seed fast seedling growing of Nanchuan willow, simple to operate, take up room little, nursery amount is large, and operation is extremely succinct, need not repeatedly water; Seedling breeding etc. can be carried out fast; Survival rate of seedling is high, emerges fast; Add nutrient solution, seedling is strong, and growing way is fast, well developed root system, is easy to transplant, considerably reduces labour intensity, shorten seedling raise period, improve breeding efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of plant propagation, relate to a kind of ecological seeds-Nanchuan willow seed propagation method, comprise Nanchuan willow seed collection, clean kind and matrix composition and nutrition floating seedlings culturing method.
Background technology
Nanchuan willow (
salix roshorniiseemen.) be high 5 ~ 10m defoliation small arbor, branch is more sturdy, dark brown, and elliptic leaf, with stipule; Spring and autumn tender leaf, sprig is red.Catkin, flower tool abdomen gland and back of the body gland, shape changeableization, is often combined into the plate-like split more; Capsule is avette.Florescence, late March was to early April.Mainly be distributed in the Southern Shaanxi of China's Mainland, Southeast Sichuan, Guizhou, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, Southern Anhui Province, zhejiang and other places.By the water being often born in hills, Plain and low mountain region.Because type specimen picks up from Nanchuan, Sichuan (Nanchuan District, modern Chongqing City), therefore named Nanchuan willow.To be that China is peculiar resistance toly flood ecological seeds, the indigenous tree species that Ye Shi Zhejiang Province is important and pioneer tree species to Nanchuan willow.Willow extensively distributes in In Hangzhou Region of Zhe Jiang Province in Nanchuan, is generally grown on the environment of humidogene, as streamside, limit, pond and wetland etc.Nanchuan willow has sallow universal feature: infancy performance growth is rapid, easy vegetative propagation, extremely resistance to waterflooding, resistance to pruning.Observe according in In Hangzhou Region of Zhe Jiang Province, under being grown on the West Lake, western small stream wetland and river course, canal equivalance water condition all the year round, some depth of water reaches more than 1m, sprouts a large amount of aerial root from stem, still can normal growth.Nanchuan willow is resistance to be flooded, easily the characteristic such as breeding, resistance to pruning make it have Application and Development in the great potential of ecological engineering of environment, Yu Xibian, Riparian Zone, wetland etc. can be planted and carry out restoration of the ecosystem.Nanchuan willow tender leaf, sprig present redness, have high ornamental value.Therefore as ornamental plants, to build typical south of the River wetland landscape.
Up to the present, the information material relating to Nanchuan willow is few.Nanchuan willow, as the distinctive indigenous tree species of China, in recent years, obtained wideling popularize utilization in ecotope engineering.Current propagation method is still asexual cuttage and seedling culture, and to carry out expansion numerous.Nanchuan Salix dioecian plant, fruit amount is very big, but seed minimum (about 1 ~ 2mm), ripe seed does not have the dormant stage, not storage tolerance, and natural life-span is extremely short, and the time-to-live is short, most seed easily loses fertility in the ordinary course of things.Nanchuan willow lives in moistening place usually under field conditions (factors), easily forms natural Nanchuan osiery at the beach in river and lake, as ocean, the river field Ecological Park in Hangzhou, western small stream wetland etc.Moisture is the essential condition of seed germination and growth of seedling, during seminal propagation, when external condition meets Nanchuan willow seed germination and growth of seedling demand, as kept long-term moist place, seed is easily sprouted, grow up to seedling, Here it is along flood land etc. often appears as the reason of Nanchuan willow " flyings willow ".
In fact, at the most seed of occurring in nature Nanchuan willow by the place of wind to drying, be unfavorable for sprouting.Even if seed drops to hypsography low-lying ponding wetland, can sprout and survive, because ponding is excessively dark, also be difficult to survive.Because Nanchuan willow seed yield is very big, seeding and seedling raising can be carried out by collection spontaneous pollination Nanchuan willow seed in a big way, can seedling be produced in batches.Meanwhile, also can select fine individual plant rapidly from seedling colony, filter out the merit clone of applicable need of production.
Other Sead of willon seedling-cultivating method relevant, be still and adopt field seedling raising method, there is shortcomings in the method, as complicated operation, breeding efficiency is low, labour intensity is large.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of Nanchuan willow seed propagation method, realized by following steps:
(1) seed collection: In Hangzhou Region of Zhe Jiang Province seed is ripe for April, and seed is faint yellow, just having during willow catkins flying in the air is gather Best Times, with scissors (or averruncator) clip fruit ear, loads in collection bag;
(2) only plant: fruit ear is deposited in shady and cool ventilation, makes capsule natural cracking, seed nature is separated in infructescence from band white fluff, lash with fine bamboo strip, accelerate seed shedding, then crossing aperture is that 5mm screen cloth sieves, removing white fluff, obtains Nanchuan willow pure seed;
(3) matrix is prepared: matrix is with the peat composed of rotten mosses and vermiculite for raw material, and both ratios are 1:1 (v/v);
(4) nutrient solution is prepared: nutrient solution prescription is Ca (NO
3)
24H
2o 0.24g/L, KNO
30.13g/L, MgSO
47H
2o 0.12g/L, NH
4h
2pO
40.06g/L, FeSO
47H
2o 6.74mg/L, H
3bO
41.43mg/L, ZnCl
20.06mg/L, CuCl
22H
2o 0.003mg/L, MnCl
24H
2o 0.01mg/L, Na
2moO
42H
2o 0.02mg/L;
(5) sowing and nursery: matrix is loaded in seedling-cultivating tray with holes, vibrates gently, then by seed uniform broadcasting on seedling-cultivating tray, suitably cover one deck fine grained vermiculite; Finish after planting, from being seeded into the about 1d time of germinateing, then seedling-cultivating tray is placed in the plastic basin more bigger than seedling-cultivating tray, some running water are put in bottom, and running water is dipped into about 1cm bottom seedling-growing container, keep water level 1cm;
(6) managing: in the 1st stage, wait seed germination 1 ~ 10d, is running water, river or Chi Shui etc. in this stage plastic crate; In 2nd stage, grow to after 1 ~ 2 true leaf, plastic basin water is made into nutrient solution until Liu Miao, the 3rd stage, after waiting Liu Miao fully to grow, every 7d changes one time of nutrition liquid; Treat that Liu Miao is about 5 ~ 10cm, carry out 2 times and transplant.Whole seed germination about 1 ~ 2d, and emergence rate is high, very fast owing to adding nutrient solution growth after emerging.
Another object of the present invention is to provide the application of described method in the willow seminal propagation of Nanchuan, and the inventive method is applicable to highly intensive floating seedlings, and emerge fast, planting percent is high.
The present invention is directed to ecological seeds---the seed fast seedling growing of Nanchuan willow, provides a kind of and is applicable to highly intensive floating seedlings culturing method, the method take up room little, easy and simple to handle, cost is low, emerge fast, planting percent is high.In the season of Nanchuan willow seed maturity, collect Nanchuan willow seed, utilize porous seedling-cultivating tray, matrix and nutrient solution to enter floating seedlings, when Liu Miao is 5 ~ 10cm height, carry out secondary transplanting.
The present invention has, and (1) is simple to operate, takes up room little, and nursery amount is large, and operation is extremely succinct, need not repeatedly water; (2) seedling breeding (can selection and use) etc. can be carried out fast; (3) survival rate of seedling is high, emerge fast (about 1d is emerged); (4) add nutrient solution, seedling is strong, and growing way is fast, well developed root system, be easy to transplant (4) and adopt floating seedlings culturing method, emergence rate is high, and production efficiency is high, seedling cost is low, take up room little, can operate in greenhouse, considerably reduce labour intensity, shorten seedling raise period, improve breeding efficiency.
Embodiment
The present invention is further described in conjunction with the embodiments.
embodiment 1 seed seedling-raising
In Hangzhou Region of Zhe Jiang Province, in 3 ~ April, collect Nanchuan willow infructescence (band branch), then infructescence is spread out in the indoor of shady and cool ventilation and is placed on paper, just capsule cracking, obtains pure seed with sieve removing foreign material.Select Zhejiang University experimental farm as nursery, plough deeply carefully whole, seed is carried out drilling, without earthing.After planting, spray water.After 2 ~ 3, emerge successively.This method is emerged irregular, and easily causes seedling withered, and seed demand is large, and emerge low, labour intensity is high, need transplant and fertilising etc.
embodiment 2 inserts fruit branch nursery
During the willow seed maturity of Nanchuan (Hangzhou is 3 ~ April), fruit branch is gathered with shrub and hedge trimmer, in experimental farm, Zhejiang University Hua Jiachi school district, select nursery, deep ploughing, on the flat seedbed put in order, then directly plug with by fruit branch, make fruit branch be evenly distributed on seedbed, allow capsule natural cracking, seed drops on seedbed naturally.This side is simple to operate, reduces labour intensity, but breeding efficiency is low, because wind easily makes seed dis persal, reduces into emergence rate.
embodiment 3 nutrition floating seedlings
Gather seed, In Hangzhou Region of Zhe Jiang Province is April, when Nanchuan willow fruit ear becomes faint yellow, when just telling the seed of willow catkins flying in the air, for gathering the best opportunity of seed, selecting the Nanchuan willow that growing way is good, with shrub and hedge trimmer clip fruit ear, then taking back, place dry place, just fruit ear natural cracking, and slice is lashed, accelerate cracking.
Elite seed, crosses well sifted kind with aperture 5mm screen cloth, filters out white fluff, obtains the Nanchuan willow seed that Nanchuan willow is pure.
Select seedling-cultivating tray and plastic basin.The seedling-cultivating tray (long 60cm, wide 30cm, thickness are 3cm) selecting bottom belt porose and plastic basin (long 64cm, wide 40cm, thickness are 5cm), the husky cloth of bottom pad one deck, to prevent matrix seepage
Preparation matrix, after the turfy soil of volume ratio 1:1 and vermiculite mixing, is then filled in seedling-cultivating tray, then matrix compacting.
Preparation nutrient solution: Ca (NO
3)
24H
2o 0.24g/L, KNO
30.13g/L, MgSO
47H
2o 0.12g/L, NH
4h
2pO
40.06g/L, FeSO
47H
2o 6.74mg/L, H
3bO
41.43mg/L, ZnCl
20.06mg/L, CuCl
22H
2o 0.003mg/L, MnCl
24H
2o 0.01mg/L, Na
2moO
42H
2o 0.02mg/L;
Soaking being placed in water with substrate seedling dish, making matrix suction moisture.
Sowing, is sprinkling upon stromal surface equably Nanchuan willow seed.Then seedling-cultivating tray seed is placed in the plastic basin containing moisture, inject running water, the maintenance depth of water is 1cm.
Moisture and nutrient management: the 1st stage, plastic crate, first with running water or river etc., makes water level maintain 1cm; Maintaining the plastic basin depth of water is 1 ~ 2cm; In 2nd stage, occurring (about 10d) after 1 ~ 2 true leaf, is nutrient solution transition in plastic basin water; In 3rd stage, after waiting Liu Miao fully to grow, every 7d changes one time of nutrition liquid.
Treat that Liu Miao grows to 5 ~ 10cm long, then play transplantation of seedlings, second stage nursery is carried out in transfer land for growing field crops or nursery.
The method is compared with 2 with embodiment 1, seedling raise period about 1 ~ 2 d days, and Nanchuan willow just sprouts and takes root, and saves seed, and growing way is fast, and leaf wide and green (due to Additional nutrient solution), is conducive to 2 times and transplants seedlings.The method nursery is simple, reduces labour intensity efficient, is applicable to greenhouse intensive seedling production.
Claims (5)
1. a Nanchuan willow seed propagation method, is characterized in that, is realized by following steps:
(1) seed collection: gather Nanchuan willow seed April, seed is faint yellow, clip fruit ear, loads in collection bag;
(2) only plant: fruit ear is deposited in shady and cool ventilation, lashes with fine bamboo strip, accelerate seed shedding, then crossing aperture is that 5mm screen cloth sieves, and removing white fluff, obtains Nanchuan willow pure seed;
(3) matrix is prepared: matrix is with the peat composed of rotten mosses and vermiculite for raw material, and both volume ratios are 1:1;
(4) nutrient solution is prepared: nutrient solution prescription is Ca (NO
3)
24H
2o 0.24g/L, KNO
30.13g/L, MgSO
47H
2o 0.12g/L, NH
4h
2pO
40.06g/L, FeSO
47H
2o 6.74mg/L, H
3bO
41.43mg/L, ZnCl
20.06mg/L, CuCl
22H
2o 0.003mg/L, MnCl
24H
2o 0.01mg/L, Na
2moO
42H
2o 0.02mg/L;
(5) sowing and nursery: matrix is loaded in seedling-cultivating tray with holes, vibrate gently, then by seed uniform broadcasting on seedling-cultivating tray, cover one deck fine grained vermiculite, finish after planting, 1 day time, then seedling-cultivating tray is placed in plastic basin, some running water are put in bottom, and running water is dipped into 1cm bottom seedling-growing container, keep water level 1cm;
(6) managing: in the 1st stage, wait seed germination 1 ~ 10 day, is running water, river or Chi Shui in this stage plastic crate; In 2nd stage, grow to after 1 ~ 2 true leaf until Liu Miao, plastic basin water is made into nutrient solution, the 3rd stage, after waiting Liu Miao fully to grow, within every 7 days, change one time of nutrition liquid; Treat the long 5 ~ 10cm of Liu Miao, carry out 2 times and transplant.
2. a kind of Nanchuan according to claim 1 willow seed propagation method, it is characterized in that, the seed collection described in step (1) is from In Hangzhou Region of Zhe Jiang Province.
3. a kind of Nanchuan according to claim 1 willow seed propagation method, it is characterized in that, step (2) fruit ear is deposited in shady and cool ventilation, makes capsule natural cracking, and seed nature is lashed with fine bamboo strip after separating in infructescence from band white fluff.
4. a kind of Nanchuan according to claim 1 willow seed propagation method, is characterized in that, step (5) plastic basin used is larger than seedling-cultivating tray.
5. the application of a kind of Nanchuan willow seed propagation method according to claim 1 in the willow seminal propagation of Nanchuan, is characterized in that, apply in intensive floating seedlings.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104082009B (en) * | 2014-07-14 | 2016-03-02 | 江苏省林业科学研究院 | The method of a kind of willow greenhouse seeding and seedling raising |
| CN106134945A (en) * | 2016-06-14 | 2016-11-23 | 中国林业科学研究院林业研究所 | A kind of method of Artemisia willow seminal propagation |
| CN106747817A (en) * | 2016-12-29 | 2017-05-31 | 广西壮族自治区亚热带作物研究所 | Sisal hemp floating seedlings nutrient solution and sisal hemp float seedling method |
| CN109452153A (en) * | 2018-11-07 | 2019-03-12 | 江苏省林业科学研究院 | A kind of rush Chinese elm container seedling method for fast growing |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101268742A (en) * | 2008-05-26 | 2008-09-24 | 王文成 | Salt-free grass-prevention seeding and seedling raising method for tamarix plants |
| CN102487623A (en) * | 2011-11-18 | 2012-06-13 | 江苏沿江地区农业科学研究所 | Willow hybrid seed germination method |
| CN102919004A (en) * | 2011-08-12 | 2013-02-13 | 重庆天豪旅游开发有限责任公司 | Bamboo willow seedling raising and cultivating management technology |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101268742A (en) * | 2008-05-26 | 2008-09-24 | 王文成 | Salt-free grass-prevention seeding and seedling raising method for tamarix plants |
| CN102919004A (en) * | 2011-08-12 | 2013-02-13 | 重庆天豪旅游开发有限责任公司 | Bamboo willow seedling raising and cultivating management technology |
| CN102487623A (en) * | 2011-11-18 | 2012-06-13 | 江苏沿江地区农业科学研究所 | Willow hybrid seed germination method |
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