CN103548895B

CN103548895B - Botanical vegetable insecticide

Info

Publication number: CN103548895B
Application number: CN201310510742.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 来光业; 莫晟琼; 劳恒; 黎芷杉; 来临; 莫明鑫
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2013-10-27
Filing date: 2013-10-27
Publication date: 2015-04-15
Anticipated expiration: 2033-10-27
Also published as: CN103548895A

Abstract

The invention discloses a botanical vegetable insecticide and a production method thereof. The botanical vegetable insecticide comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-30 parts of pyrethrum, 20-30 parts of radix sophorae flavescentis, 20-30 parts of red-knees herb, 10-15 parts of fructus cnidii and 5-10 parts of soapberry fruit. The production method comprises the following steps: smashing the pyrethrum, the radix sophorae flavescentis, the red-knees herb, the fructus cnidii and the soapberry fruit, adding 5-10 times of water, boiling for 30-50 minutes, filtering, adding 3-5 times of water in filter residues, boiling for 20 minutes, mixing two times of filtrate to obtain the botanical vegetable insecticide, and diluting the insecticide by 300-500 times and spraying. The botanical vegetable insecticide is capable of effectively controlling pests such as aphid, armyworm, plutella xylostella, cabbage caterpillar and rice planthopper.

Description

Botanical vegetable insecticide

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of insecticide made with harmless plant, particularly Botanical vegetable insecticide.Can effectively prevent eliminating aphis, mythimna separata, diamond-back moth, the insect such as cabbage caterpillar and rice fulgorid.

Background technology

Vegetables are one of indispensable food during people live.The control of vegetable-crop pest-insect has very important meaning in vegetable growing process, and it not only relates to the quantity of vegetables, more relates to the quality of vegetables.For providing high-quality free of contamination vegetables, the Prevention Technique of vegetable-crop pest-insect must be grasped.The kind of China vegetable-crop pest-insect is a lot, according to incompletely statistics, there is vegetable-crop pest-insect kind more than 200 in China, important has 30-40 kind, different agricultural chemicals is selected for different vegetable-crop pest-insects, be the problem that people study at present always, because the feature of vegetable growing is intensive (Main Cultivation is near cities and towns), manages meticulous, with short production cycle and directly edible, higher to the quality requirement of product, require timely and effective to the extermination of disease and insect pest.Vegetable growing mode difference (outdoor cropping, Protectorate cultivation (booth), greenhouse culture and soilless culture), the kind of Major Pests is also different, and Prevention Technique is also different.But common feature is that to use chemical agent more, and " nuisanceless " (without pesticide pollution) Vegetable produce just becomes the task of top priority.In 4 pollution source (pollution of three industrial wastes, health, pollution by chemical fertilizer, pesticide pollution) of vegetables, the pollution of agricultural chemicals be the most seriously, the most frequent and easily attractive public attention.Only taked to the way hidden these pollution present stages, namely Main Tissues produces the pollution-free vegetable without pesticide pollution.This is also the guiding theory of the control of current vegetable-crop pest-insect.Namely from the view point of economics, ecology and environmental protection; based on cultural control; preferential employing biological control means; promotion microbial pesticide; select the chemical pesticide of high-efficiency low-toxicity low-residual, scientific medication, the usage amount of agricultural chemicals forced down minimum flow, coordinate chemoprevention, the contradiction of biological and ecological methods to prevent plant disease, pests, and erosion and other physical control means.Pest management below economic threshold, agricultural chemicals residual control country allow below the mark.

For insects such as diamond-back moth, mythimna separata, cabbage caterpillar, aphids, through literature search, in above-mentioned insect, diamond-back moth can be mixed with organic phosphor or carbamate chemicals for agriculture by chrysanthemum ester class, as 20% sumicidin and 50% phoxim use by 3: 1 mixtures, 4.5% beta-cypermethrin and 2% baygon use by 1: 1 mixture.Armyworm control uses chlorophos 1500 times of liquid to add 40% dimethoate emulsifiable concentrate, 1500 times of liquid; Cabbage caterpillar, at larva occurance peak, selects sprayings such as reaching Chlorbenzuron deflocculant 800 times of liquid, 10% Fastac missible oil, 1500 times of liquid, 50% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate, 1000 times of liquid, 20% killing logvalue, 2000 ~ 3000 times of liquid, 21% synergy emulsified concentrate composed of fenvalerate and malathion, 4000 times of liquid or 90% chlorophos crystal, 1000 times of liquid for 20% day; Spray with 10% flolimat emulsion, 1000 times of liquid or horse traction sulphur emulsion 1000 ~ 1500 times of liquid or DDT EC 1000 times of liquid or height (70% Imidacloprid) water dispersible granules 15000 ~ 20000 times of liquid of fighting.

Above-mentioned visible, at present to this several vegetable-crop pest-insect document being substantially all introduction employing organic insecticide, although some insecticide effects are better.Due to current peasants conveniently and fast, mostly use agricultural chemicals, when having sprayed the agricultural chemicals having residual toxin, will cause having the agricultural chemicals of residual toxin to work the mischief to our health, so, advocate and use non-toxic and non-pollution insecticide, Tea planting is just become extremely important.

Summary of the invention

The object of this invention is to provide a kind of Botanical vegetable insecticide, make it to plant out harmless nontoxic and pollution-free vegetable.

Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:

A kind of Botanical vegetable insecticide, it is characterized in that, its raw material and parts by weight comprise:

Dalmatian chrysanthemum 20 ~ 30 parts;

Kuh-seng 20 ~ 30 parts;

Polygonum flaccidum 20 ~ 30 parts;

Frutus cnidii 10 ~ 15 parts;

Soapberry fruit 5-10 part.

Above-described Botanical vegetable insecticide, production method is by Dalmatian chrysanthemum, kuh-seng, polygonum flaccidum, frutus cnidii, and soapberry is smashed by fruit, adds 5 ~ 10 times of water, boils 30-50 minute, and filter, filter residue adds 3-5 times of water boil 20 minutes again, merges twice filtrate, obtains product.

Using method is doubly sprayed onto getting product dilution 300-500 on the leaf of vegetables, anti-to eliminate aphis, mythimna separata, diamond-back moth, the insect such as cabbage caterpillar and rice fulgorid.

In described raw material, the source brief introduction of several plant source vegetable insecticide is as follows:

The active ingredient of Dalmatian chrysanthemum is pyrethrin, be from chrysanthemum cinesariaefolium ( pyrethrum cinerarifolium Trev.) flower in the insecticide active substance that extracts, it is by the pyrethrins work with insecticidal activity, II, cinerin work, II and jasmolin work, II 6 kinds of material compositions, these 6 kinds of components, insecticidal power emphasizes particularly on different fields, insecticidal action differs, therefore good disinsection effect, insecticidal spectrum is wide, the mode of action is various, have and tag, repellent and Antifeedant Effects, insect not easily develops immunity to drugs, see that light slowly resolves into C02 and water, do not produce any poisonous or pollutant, therefore noresidue after using, people and animals are had no side effect, environmentally safe, internationally recognized safety, pollution-free natural insecticide belongs to pure natural plant insecticide, produce at Agriculture, forestry And Animal Husbandry, all there is extensive use in the fields such as storage and hygienic biocide.Pyrethrin, on agriculture forest and husbandry is produced, can be made into multiple formulation and is used for killing the insects such as aphid, cabbage caterpillar, aleyrodid, caterpillar, various noctuid and two spotted spider mite.Result of the test shows: 5% pyrethrum 800 times liquid is better to cucumber America spot Liriomyza control efficiency, and preventive effect can reach more than 90%; 5% pyrethrin missible oil is to 800 times, water and 1000 times of sprayings, better to the preventive effect of peach two spotted spider mite; 2. 5% pyrethrin missible oil has good control efficiency to cigarette aphid, and acceptable diluent multiple is 1000 ~ 1200 times, and by even for liquid spraying _ hand leave dual sides, every mu sprays liquid 60kg, and the lasting period was at about 7 days.

Kuh-seng, (formal name used at school: sophora flavescens) for pulse family kuh-seng belong to plant.Be distributed in the ground such as each provinces and regions, north and south of Russia, Japan, India, Korea and China's Mainland, be grown on height above sea level 1, the area of 500 meters, how raw in hillside, sand ground, Cao Po, spinney and near field, at present not yet by artificial introducing and planting.Function cures mainly: heat-clearing and damp-drying drug, desinsection, diuresis.For hot dysentery, have blood in stool, jaundice renal shutdown, red leukorrhea can extract matrine, and matrine is a kind of high-efficient broad-spectrum insecticide, all has good insecticidal effect in different regions to the insect of the crops such as vegetables, fruit tree, tealeaves, wheat, paddy rice.And aqueous matrine solution is safe to people and animals, to crop without poisoning, noresidue, free from environmental pollution, use rear without bad smell, do not affect quality and the local flavor of product.Adopt based on kuh-seng (main containing matrine matrine, oxymatrine oxymatrine, ammothamnine sophoranol, N-methylcytisine N-methylcytisine and SopHocarpine sophocarpine etc.), with the prescription that other Chinese herbal medicines are auxiliary, can make multiplely have that insecticidal action is strong, noresidue, vegetable insecticide to people and animals' low toxicity, environmentally safe.

Frutus cnidii, another name cicely is samphire cnidium monnieri cnidium monnieri (L.) Cuss.dry mature fruit.Gather when summer, autumn two season fruit maturation, removing impurity, dries.Nature and flavor: warm in nature, taste is pungent, bitter.Function cures mainly: warming kidney to invigorate yang, and eliminating dampness is dispeled the wind, desinsection.For under impotence, Gong Leng, cold-dampness band, arthritis with fixed pain caused by dampness pain in the back; Control eczema of vulva, married woman's pruritus vulvae, trichomonas vaginitis outward.

Frutus cnidii can extract Osthole, Osthole has another name called osthole or osthole (osthole, Ost), its chemical name is 7 one methoxyl group-8-isopentene group coumarins (7-methoxy-8-[3-methylpent-2-enyl] coumarin), it is the natural coumarin kind compound that extraction and isolation goes out from samphire at first, in the dry mature fruit frutus cnidii (Fructus Cnidii) of samphire cnidium monnieri, content is higher, so gain the name.Combining Su Ke agrochemical Co., Ltd by Jiangsu Province Agriculture Science Institute and within 2009, have developed 1% osthole water-emulsion agent, 1% Osthole .80001U/V_L Bt suspending agent, two preparations, is the Osthole class biopesticide for vegetables.1% osthole water-emulsion agent, to melon, strawberry, flowers powdery mildew special efficacy (preventive effect is more than 95%), separately has vegetable downy mildew and aphid and doublely controls effect; 1% Osthole .80001U/t/L Bt suspending agent all has good effect in 1 instar larvae peak period medication to cabbage caterpillar, diamond-back moth, also has unique killing action, have certain short crop growth, the effect of volume increase concurrently to noctuid pieces of an egg.

Polygonum flaccidum ( polygonum hydropiper L.) genus polygonaceae ( polygonaceae) Polygonum ( polygonum L.) annual herb plant, be a kind of Chinese traditional herbs of China, in China, most area has distribution, is the plant that a kind of resource is very abundant; Polygonum flaccidum is to insect, and such as looper, cutworm etc., have very strong food refusal, deterrent effect, be developed as a kind of novel vegetable insecticide, when using as Chinese medicine, polygonum flaccidum is used for dysentery, have loose bowels, acute tonsillitis, malaria, arthralgia due to wind-dampness, treating swelling and pain by traumatic injury, uterine bleeding, carbuncle swells furunculosis, scrofula, venomous snake bite, eczema, the ringworm of the foot, traumatism and bleeding.

Above-described soapberry fruit, also known as fruit of washing one's hands, Latin plant animal mineral name: sapindusmukorossiGaertn,be distributed in East China, in reach southwest in the south, there is wild and plantation in a lot of place, and soaking the aqueous solution has foam, can as surfactant, and fruit soak of washing one's hands separately can also play desinsection and anthelmintic action.

Beneficial effect of the present invention:

1, the material composition of insecticide of the present invention is nontoxic, and noresidue is nuisanceless, and production method is simple, and cost is low, easy to use.

2, insecticide of the present invention to can effectively prevent eliminating aphis, mythimna separata, diamond-back moth, the insect such as cabbage caterpillar, one time killing rate reaches more than 80%; More than 75% is reached to the killing rate of rice fulgorid; And there is no resistance to medical, can use by 3-5, and some agricultural chemicals, even highly toxic pesticide, maximum Second Year, insect has just adapted to the property of medicine, and double could be effective.

3, the effect of surfactant is not only by fruit soak of washing one's hands, and is used alone and can also plays desinsection and anthelmintic action.With washing one's hands, fruit soak is directly anti-separately eliminates aphis for the present inventor, also have about 50% prevent and kill off rate.

Embodiment

Embodiment 1

Choose Dalmatian chrysanthemum 20 kilograms, kuh-seng 20 kilograms, polygonum flaccidum 20 kilograms, frutus cnidii 10 kilograms, soapberry fruit 5 kilograms, smashes above-mentioned material, add the water of 6 times by whole dose weight, boil half an hour, filter, filter residue adds 5 times of water boils 20 minutes again, merges twice filtrate, mixes, obtain product, dilute 300 times of sprinklings, for preventing and treating diamond-back moth, control rate reaches 75%.

Embodiment 2

Choose Dalmatian chrysanthemum 25 kilograms, kuh-seng 30 kilograms, polygonum flaccidum 23 kilograms, frutus cnidii 12 kilograms, soapberry fruit 7 kilograms, smashes above-mentioned material, add the water of 8 times by whole dose weight, boil half an hour, filter, filter residue adds 5 times of water boils 20 minutes again, merges twice filtrate, mixes, obtain product, dilute 500 times of sprinklings, eliminate aphis for anti-, control rate reaches 85%.

Embodiment 3

Choose Dalmatian chrysanthemum 28 kilograms, kuh-seng 25 kilograms, polygonum flaccidum 28 kilograms, frutus cnidii 13 kilograms, soapberry fruit 8 kilograms, smashes above-mentioned material, add the water of 8 times by whole dose weight, boil 40 minutes, filter, filter residue adds 5 times of water boils 20 minutes again, merges twice filtrate, mixes, obtain product, dilute 500 times of sprinklings, the insects such as control cabbage caterpillar, control rate reaches 88%.

Embodiment 4

Choose Dalmatian chrysanthemum 28 kilograms, kuh-seng 28 kilograms, frutus cnidii 13 kilograms, polygonum flaccidum 30 kilograms, soapberry fruit 6 kilograms, smashes above-mentioned material, add the water of 10 times by whole dose weight, boil half an hour, filter, filter residue adds 5 times of water boils 20 minutes again, merges twice filtrate, mixes, obtaining product, diluting 500 times of sprinklings, for preventing and treating the insects such as mythimna separata, one time control rate reaches 67%, and every 2 days, second time was sprayed later, and control rate reaches 87%.

Embodiment 5

Choose Dalmatian chrysanthemum 30 kilograms, kuh-seng 20 kilograms, frutus cnidii 15 kilograms, polygonum flaccidum 25 kilograms, soapberry fruit 10 kilograms, smashes above-mentioned material, add the water of 5 times by whole dose weight, boil half an hour, filter, filter residue adds 5 times of water boils 20 minutes again, merges twice filtrate, mixes, obtain product, dilute 400 times of sprinklings, mix, control cabbage caterpillar, control rate reaches 80%.

Embodiment 6

Choose Dalmatian chrysanthemum 24 kilograms, kuh-seng 25 kilograms, frutus cnidii 13 kilograms, polygonum flaccidum 25 kilograms, soapberry fruit 8 kilograms, smashes above-mentioned material, add the water of 8 times by whole dose weight, boil: 50 minutes, filter, filter residue adds 5 times of water boils 15 minutes again, merges twice filtrate, mixes, obtain product, dilute 350 times of sprinklings, the insects such as control rice fulgorid, control rate reaches 75%.

The present invention and chemical pesticide 40% omethoate emulsifiable solution 1000-2000 doubly, once prevent eliminating aphis, mythimna separata, diamond-back moth, cabbage caterpillar comparative test: the results are shown in following table 1:

Table 1:

From above-mentioned, the entirety control of embodiment of the present invention 1-5 to aphid, mythimna separata, diamond-back moth, cabbage caterpillar is slightly poorer than flolimat separately, but owing to not poisoning and not polluting, do not remain, or be worth using, if once do not eliminated destructive insects, can spray 2-3 time, just have better effects.

Claims

1. a production method for Botanical vegetable insecticide, is characterized in that, described insecticide is made up of following raw material and parts by weight:

Dalmatian chrysanthemum 20 ~ 30 parts; Kuh-seng 20 ~ 30 parts; Polygonum flaccidum 20 ~ 30 parts; Frutus cnidii 10 ~ 15 parts; Soapberry fruit 5 ~ 10 parts, described production method is smashed at Dalmatian chrysanthemum, kuh-seng, polygonum flaccidum, frutus cnidii, soapberry fruit, adds 5 ~ 10 times of water, boil 30-50 minute, filter, filter residue adds 3-5 times of water boil 20 minutes again, merge twice filtrate, obtain product.

2. the production method of Botanical vegetable insecticide according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described insecticide using method product is diluted 300-500 to be doubly sprayed onto on the leaf of vegetables, anti-to eliminate aphis, mythimna separata, diamond-back moth, cabbage caterpillar and rice fulgorid.