CN105360187A - Composite pesticide used for preventing and killing Chinese cabbage Pieris rapae L. - Google Patents
Composite pesticide used for preventing and killing Chinese cabbage Pieris rapae L. Download PDFInfo
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- CN105360187A CN105360187A CN201510901731.8A CN201510901731A CN105360187A CN 105360187 A CN105360187 A CN 105360187A CN 201510901731 A CN201510901731 A CN 201510901731A CN 105360187 A CN105360187 A CN 105360187A
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Abstract
The invention provides a novel composite pesticide, and more specifically relates to a composite pesticide used for preventing and killing Chinese cabbage Pieris rapae L. The composite pesticide comprises an active component, a surfactant, a synergist, a solvent, and water. The composite pesticide possesses advantages in preventing and killing Chinese cabbage Pieris rapae L. via adding of chemical pesticide ingredients and plant extracts; toxicity is low; residual amount is low; killing time of Chinese cabbage Pieris rapae L. is short; effect is excellent; and killing effect lasts for a long period of time.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to agricultural technology field, particularly relate to a kind of composite pesticide preventing and treating Chinese cabbage cabbage caterpillar.
Background technology
Cabbage caterpillar PierisrapaeL. is seriously caused harm brassicaceous vegetable, especially to be injured the heaviest containing the wild cabbage of mustard oil and cauliflower.The suitableeest developmental temperature of cabbage caterpillar is 20 ~ 25 DEG C, and relative moisture is about 76%, produces threaten greatly brassicaceous vegetable.
The medicament kind of current control cabbage caterpillar is more, but still based on chemical pesticide.Continuous application chemical pesticide control cabbage caterpillar for many years, causes the pesticide resistance of cabbage caterpillar to strengthen, and cause control difficulty, formulation rate strengthens and also brings problem of environmental pollution simultaneously.
For a long time, people mainly use various chemical pesticide to prevent and treat.A large amount of uses of chemical pesticide, not only cause pesticide in vegetable poisoning, cause environmental pollution, also results in insect and decline to the susceptibility of Multiple Pesticides.Due to the problem such as resistance, public hazards of chemical pesticide, people more and more tend to from natural materials, find safer, more effective insect killing substance, with the agricultural chemicals of development of new.People have found in many plants containing material insect to very high insecticidal activity up to now, the efficient defence system that such as ginkgo is evolved through natural selection with himself and comes, seldom by the infringement of insect with other pests, the mode of action and the mechanism of action of its poisoning insect are also different from general chemical synthetic pesticide, and environmentally safe.Therefore, the developmental research of plant pesticide has been caused to the great interest of domestic and international scientist.The extract of pesticide plant can be directly used in pest control, or uses to improve drug effect and safety with other agriculture chemical compoundings, or is template with insecticide active substance, the agricultural chemicals that Study and Development is novel.
Plant pesticide has the wide and good advantage of effect of, noresidue little to the toxicity such as people, animal, plant, easily degraded, insecticidal spectrum, but the also existence had is to the insect not tool effect of " killing soon ", to sunlight, there is lability and decompose the shortcomings such as very fast, the lasting period is shorter.
The quality of synthetic chemistry agricultural chemicals of the present invention and plant pesticide, provides a kind of novel composite pesticide, and it has, and toxicity is little, residual amount is few, killing except the advantage that the time is short, effective, the duration is long cabbage caterpillar.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of NEW TYPE OF COMPOSITE agricultural chemicals, and it has, and toxicity is little, residual amount is few, killing except the advantage that the time is short, effective, the duration is long cabbage caterpillar.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides a kind of NEW TYPE OF COMPOSITE agricultural chemicals, its raw material comprises active component, surfactant, synergist, solvent and water.
Wherein, in described composite pesticide, each material quality percentage is active component 0.1% ~ 5%, surfactant 5% ~ 15%, synergist 3% ~ 10%, organic solvent 3% ~ 10%, excess water, and each material quality sum is 100%.
Wherein, described active component comprises chemical pesticide composition and plant pesticide extract component.
Wherein, the weight ratio of described chemical pesticide composition and plant pesticide extract component is 1 ~ 3: 20.
Wherein, described chemical pesticide composition is cypermethrin.
Wherein, the raw material of described plant pesticide extract component comprises river paddy root, chicken crop leaf, frutus cnidii, hindu datura root, sweet wormwood, kuh-seng, Chinese prickly ash, the achene of Siberian cocklebur, the rhizoma bolbostemmae and Herba Andrographitis.
Wherein, it is paddy root 20 weight portion ~ 30, river weight portion, chicken crop leaf 15 weight portion ~ 25 weight portion, frutus cnidii 10 weight portion ~ 20 weight portion, hindu datura root 15 weight portion ~ 25 weight portion, sweet wormwood 10 weight portion ~ 20 weight portion, kuh-seng 20 weight portion ~ 30 weight portion, Chinese prickly ash 15 weight portion ~ 25 weight portion, the achene of Siberian cocklebur 5 weight portion ~ 15 weight portion, the rhizoma bolbostemmae 5 weight portion ~ 15 weight portion and Herba Andrographitis 5 weight portion ~ 15 weight portion that the weight ratio between each raw material adopted is closed.
The formulation of described composite pesticide is suspending agent.
Present invention also offers the preparation method of above-mentioned composite pesticide, be specially and active component, surfactant, synergist and organic solvent are placed in reactor according to the above ratio, add to 100% with water to mix, then mixture is introduced in sand mill to be milled to fineness of materials be 1 ~ 5 μm; Mix after milling aqueous suspension agent.
Present invention also offers the extracting method of above-mentioned plant extract component, it is specially cleans respectively by each raw material, pulverize, mix by described weight portion, drop into after being soaked in water in extraction vessel and extract twice, first time adds 8 ~ 10 times amount soak by water 1 ~ 2 hour relative to each material quality sum, and second time adds 4 ~ 8 times amount soak by water 1 ~ 2 hour relative to each material quality sum, merge twice decocting liquid, filter to get filtrate; Heating is concentrated into pasty state, puts into after 80 DEG C, baking oven is dried and cools, be ground into powder.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
The agricultural chemicals of control Chinese cabbage cabbage caterpillar provided by the invention has that toxicity is little, residual amount is few, killing except the advantage that the time is short, effective, the duration is long cabbage caterpillar.
Embodiment
The invention provides a kind of NEW TYPE OF COMPOSITE agricultural chemicals, its raw material comprises active component, surfactant, synergist, solvent and water.
Further preferably, described composite pesticide is only prepared from by above-mentioned raw materials.
In described composite pesticide, each material quality percentage is active component 0.1% ~ 5%, surfactant 5% ~ 15%, synergist 3% ~ 10%, organic solvent 3% ~ 10%, excess water, and each material quality sum is 100%.
Described active component comprises chemical pesticide composition and plant pesticide extract component.
Further preferably, described active component is only made up of chemical pesticide composition and plant pesticide extract component.
The weight ratio of described chemical pesticide composition and plant pesticide extract component is 1 ~ 3: 20, is preferably 1: 10.
Described chemical pesticide composition is cypermethrin.
The chemical name of described cypermethrin is cyano group-(3-Phenoxyphenyl) methyl-3-(2,2-dichloroethylene)-2,2-dimethyl cyclopropane carboxylic acid's ester.
Described plant pesticide extract component obtains by extracting vegetable composition, and the raw material of described vegetable composition comprises river paddy root, chicken crop leaf, frutus cnidii, hindu datura root, sweet wormwood, kuh-seng, Chinese prickly ash, the achene of Siberian cocklebur, the rhizoma bolbostemmae and Herba Andrographitis.
Further preferably, described plant pesticide extract component is only prepared from by above-mentioned raw materials.
It is paddy root 20 weight portion ~ 30, river weight portion, chicken crop leaf 15 weight portion ~ 25 weight portion, frutus cnidii 10 weight portion ~ 20 weight portion, hindu datura root 15 weight portion ~ 25 weight portion, sweet wormwood 10 weight portion ~ 20 weight portion, kuh-seng 20 weight portion ~ 30 weight portion, Chinese prickly ash 15 weight portion ~ 25 weight portion, the achene of Siberian cocklebur 5 weight portion ~ 15 weight portion, the rhizoma bolbostemmae 5 weight portion ~ 15 weight portion and Herba Andrographitis 5 weight portion ~ 15 weight portion that weight ratio between each raw material adopted is closed.
Further preferably, it is river paddy root 25 weight portion, chicken crop leaf 20 weight portion, frutus cnidii 15 weight portion, hindu datura root 20 weight portion, sweet wormwood 15 weight portion, kuh-seng 25 weight portion, Chinese prickly ash 20 weight portion, the achene of Siberian cocklebur 10 weight portion, the rhizoma bolbostemmae 10 weight portion and Herba Andrographitis 10 weight portion that the weight ratio between each raw material adopted is closed.
Each raw material pharmacology is as follows:
River paddy root: be the root welding technology of grass family Coix plant Chuan Gu, taste is sweet, light, cold nature, returns spleen, urinary bladder channel, has clearing heat and cooling blood, promoting diuresis for stranguria, effect of eliminating stagnated food to destroy intestinal worms, cure mainly heat and drench, blood drenches, and cream drenches, under uterine bleeding band, oedema, jaundice with damp-heat pathogen, the cards such as roundworm disease.
Chicken crop leaf: bitter, puckery, property is put down, and has to disappear long-pending, and desinsection, removing toxic substances, effect of diuresis, cures mainly infantile malnutrition, abdominal pain due to enterositosis, jaundice, scalds, traumatism and bleeding, the cards such as sore.
Frutus cnidii: latin name cnidiifructus, taste is pungent, bitter, warm in nature, enters kidney channel, has warming kidney to invigorate yang, removing dampness and destroying parasites, the effect of dispellingging wind and arresting itching, and the impotence in male caused for decline of kidney-YANG, woman Gong Leng are infertile, under cold-dampness band or the card such as waist knee crymodynia.
Hindu datura root: taste is pungent, bitter, warm in nature, has antibechic, pain relieving, the effect of drawing out the pus, cures mainly and breathes with cough, arthralgia due to wind-dampness, dislikes sore, the cards such as lyssodexis.
Sweet wormwood: latin name ArtemisiaeAnnuaeHerba, bitter, pungent, cold in nature, return liver, gallbladder channel, have abnormal heat clearly thoroughly, cool blood is except steaming, and except steaming, effect of preventing malaria, cures mainly summer-heat evil heating, fever due to yin deficiency, night fever abating at dawn, hectic fever due to yin labor heat, malaria fever and chills, the cards such as jaundice with damp-heat pathogen.
Kuh-seng: latin name SophoraeFlavescentisRadix, bitter, cold in nature, enter the heart, stomach, large intestine, urinary bladder channel, there is the effect of heat-clearing and damp-drying drug, wind dispelling insecticide, be mainly used in damp-heat dysentery, jaundice, stranguria, kuh-seng has obvious inhibitory action to shigella dysenteriae, Escherichia coli, proteus, beta streptococcus and staphylococcus aureus.
Chinese prickly ash: taste is pungent, warm in nature, return spleen, stomach, kidney channel, there is warming middle energizer to relieve pain, effect of killing parasites to relieve itshing.The cards such as coldness and pain in the epigastrium, vomiting is had loose bowels, abdominal pain due to enterositosis, ascariasis, eczema itch.
The achene of Siberian cocklebur: latin name XanthiiFructus, taste is pungent, bitter, warm in nature, returns lung channel, has the function of the dehumidifying of loose wind, understand things pain-stopping, cures mainly nasosinusitis; Anemofrigid headache; Arthralgia due to wind-dampness; Rubella; Eczema; The cards such as mange.
The rhizoma bolbostemmae: latin name BolbostemmatisRhizoma, bitter, cold nature, returns lung, the spleen channel, has dissipating bind, detumescence, and effect of removing toxic substances, cures mainly acute mastitis, scrofula; Mastitis, lymphoid tuberculosis, chronic lymphadenitis, the cards such as hypertrophic rhinitis.
Herba Andrographitis: latin name AndrogeaphisHerba, bitter, cold in nature, the thoughts of returning home, lung, large intestine, urinary bladder channel, have clearing heat and detoxicating, cool blood, detumescence, effect of eliminating dampness, cures mainly cold, fever, abscess of throat, aphthae, pertussis labor is coughed, dysentery, heat drenches puckery pain, and carbuncle swells the cards such as sore, venomous snake bite.
Present invention also offers the extracting method of above-mentioned plant pesticide extract component, it is specially cleans respectively by each raw material, pulverize, mix by described weight portion, drop into after being soaked in water in extraction vessel and extract twice, first time adds 8 ~ 10 times amount soak by water 1 ~ 2 hour relative to each material quality sum, and second time adds 4 ~ 8 times amount soak by water 1 ~ 2 hour relative to each material quality sum, merge twice decocting liquid, filter to get filtrate; Heating is concentrated into pasty state, puts into after 80 DEG C, baking oven is dried and cools, be ground into powder.
The formulation of described composite pesticide is liquid-type, is preferably prepared into aqueous emulsion, microemulsion, suspending agent or water dispersible granules, is preferably suspending agent.
Present invention also offers the preparation method of above-mentioned composite pesticide, be specially and active component, surfactant, synergist and organic solvent are placed in reactor according to the above ratio, add to 100% with water to mix, then mixture is introduced in sand mill to be milled to fineness of materials be 1 ~ 5 μm; Mix after milling aqueous suspension agent.
Described solvent adopts ethyl acetate, one or more mixtures in cyclohexanone, methyl oleate, ethanol, methyl alcohol, acetone, dimethyl formamide, normal propyl alcohol, isopropyl alcohol, ethyl acetate and water.
Described surfactant is one or more mixture in alkyl benzene sulfonate, alkylphenol polyoxyethylene class, phenethyl phenol polyethenoxy ethers, the addition product of phenethyl phenol polyethenoxy ether polyoxypropylene ethers and similar substance, castor oil and oxirane, aralkyl phenol polyethenoxy ether formaldehyde condensation products.
Described synergist is the mixture of one or more in organosilicon, Butacide, Octacide 264, alkyl carbonate, azone.
When two or more combinations of substances show different unimaginable high bioactivity such as insecticidal activity, this phenomenon can be referred to as synergy.Synergistic mechanism completely may be different because of the difference of combination.When selecting special plant pesticide composition to combine with carbamates pest control with insecticide component in the application, it shows the outstanding effect of pulling together to cooperate, and effect far exceedes the insecticidal effect of each composition activity separately.
Described composite pesticide employing is dressed seed, sprays, sheds or is filled with root and acts on crop.
Below adopt embodiment to describe embodiments of the present invention in detail, to the present invention, how application technology means solve technical problem whereby, and the implementation procedure reaching technique effect can fully understand and implement according to this.
Embodiment 1 plant pesticide extract component
River paddy root 25g, chicken crop leaf 20g, frutus cnidii 15g, hindu datura root 20g, sweet wormwood 15g, kuh-seng 25g, Chinese prickly ash 20g, achene of Siberian cocklebur 10g, rhizoma bolbostemmae 10g and Herba Andrographitis 10g are cleaned respectively, pulverize, mix, drop into after being soaked in water in extraction vessel and extract twice, first time adds the soak by water 2 hours of 1.5kg, second time adds 1kg soak by water 2 hours, merges twice decocting liquid, filters to get filtrate; Heating is concentrated into pasty state, puts into after 80 DEG C, baking oven is dried and cools, be ground into powder.
The preparation of embodiment 2 composite pesticide
Get the plant pesticide extract component powder of 1g cypermethrin and 10g embodiment 1 preparation, mix, obtain active component, get this active component 3g, reactor is placed in surfactant phenethyl phenol polyethenoxy ether 8g (Xin Diya chemical industry Co., Ltd of Handan City provides), synergist azone 5g and organic solvent cyclohexanone 10g, add water to 100g, mix, then mixture is introduced in sand mill to be milled to fineness of materials be 1 ~ 5 μm; Mix after milling aqueous suspension agent.
The pure plant extract component agricultural chemicals of comparative example 1
Plant extract component 3g prepared by Example 1, reactor is placed in surfactant phenethyl phenol polyethenoxy ether 8g (Xin Diya chemical industry Co., Ltd of Handan City provides), synergist azone 5g and organic solvent cyclohexanone 10g, add water to 100g, mix, then mixture is introduced in sand mill to be milled to fineness of materials be 1 ~ 5 μm; Mix after milling aqueous suspension agent.
Embodiment 3 effect test
Material
Breeds of Chinese cabbage is that Taiyuan two is blue or green, buys from means of agricultural production shop, Qingdao City.
Agricultural chemicals
The composite pesticide 1 that experimental group adopts the embodiment of the present invention 2 to prepare, the pure plant extract component agricultural chemicals that control group adopts comparative example 1 of the present invention to prepare, positive controls adopts 4.5% r (Xintiandi Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., Guangzhou's production), and safe control group adopts clear water.
Experimental field overview
Test and experimental field carried out at Qingdao City's Institute of agricultural sciences in 2013, this district belongs to semi-dry and semi-humid monsoon mountain climate.Experimental field soil is light loamy texture leaching dynamics, topsoil soils basis amount of nutrients is organic matter 1.03%, full nitrogen 10.067% (wherein alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen 56.6mg/kg), rapid available phosphorus 12.7mg/kg and available potassium 133.6mg/kg, physical features is smooth, soil fertility is medium, it is convenient to irrigate, and fertilizer and water condition is consistent.
Experimental scheme
Get above-mentioned three kinds of test agricultural chemicals and dilute 1000 times respectively, spray and use, every 667m
2composite pesticide 50g prepared by the embodiment 2 used, the composite pesticide 50g of comparative example 1 preparation and 4.5% r 50g.
The each process of above-mentioned test repeats for 4 times, and random district group arranges, every plot area 20m
2.
Carry out the 1st dispenser when field first meeting 2 ~ 3 cabbage caterpillar in age larva, interval 15d carries out the 2nd dispenser, carries out blade face even spraying.Do not spray other insect protected medicaments in treatment region, other field management measures are all conventional with land for growing field crops.
Cabbage caterpillar control efficiency
All choose 3 points in Pen Yaoqianmei community, choose 10 strains all continuously at often, adopt and determine strain investigation method, respectively at 5d and 15d investigation population number before dispenser and after dispenser; Calculate Revision insect recluced rate [before (before dispenser after population number-dispenser population number)/dispenser population number × 100%] and Rectifying efficacies [(treatment region Revision insect recluced rate-safe check plot Revision insect recluced rate)/(100-safe check plot Revision insect recluced rate) × 100%], and carry out significance test of difference.
Data analysis
Utilize DPS software to carry out the variance analysis of data, and adopt Duncan ' s duncan's new multiple range method to carry out significance test of difference.
Result
Variety classes biopesticide, on the impact of cabbage caterpillar control efficiency, the results are shown in Table 1 and table 2
Table 1 variety classes biopesticide is on the impact of cabbage caterpillar control efficiency
Table 2 variety classes biopesticide affects (Continued) to cabbage caterpillar control efficiency
As can be seen from Table 1 and Table 2, adopt chemical pesticide significantly can prevent and treat cabbage caterpillar in a short time again, but As time goes on, preventive effect effect no longer, and adopt the agricultural chemicals of simple plant extract component can the maintenance drug effect of long period, but prevent and treat the successful of cabbage caterpillar in the incipient stage on the whole not as chemical pesticide, and adopt composite pesticide provided by the invention, its not only effective drug duration significantly to be better than simple chemical pesticide and plant extract component agricultural chemicals, and control onset time significantly to be shorter than simple plant extract component agricultural chemicals.
All above-mentioned this intellectual properties of primary enforcement, not setting restriction this new product of other forms of enforcement and/or new method.Those skilled in the art will utilize this important information, and foregoing is revised, to realize similar implementation status.But all modifications or transformation belong to the right of reservation based on new product of the present invention.
The above is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, and be not restriction the present invention being made to other form, any those skilled in the art may utilize the technology contents of above-mentioned announcement to be changed or be modified as the Equivalent embodiments of equivalent variations.But everyly do not depart from technical solution of the present invention content, any simple modification, equivalent variations and the remodeling done above embodiment according to technical spirit of the present invention, still belong to the protection domain of technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a NEW TYPE OF COMPOSITE agricultural chemicals, is characterized in that: raw material comprises active component, surfactant, synergist, solvent and water.
2. composite pesticide as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: each material quality percentage is active component 0.1% ~ 5%, surfactant 5% ~ 15%, synergist 3% ~ 10%, organic solvent 3% ~ 10%, excess water, and each material quality sum is 100%.
3. composite pesticide as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that: described active component comprises chemical pesticide composition and plant pesticide extract component.
4. the composite pesticide as described in claims 1 to 3, is characterized in that: the weight ratio of described chemical pesticide composition and plant pesticide extract component is 1 ~ 3: 20.
5. the composite pesticide as described in Claims 1-4, is characterized in that: described chemical pesticide composition is cypermethrin.
6. the composite pesticide as described in claim 1 to 5, is characterized in that: the raw material of described plant pesticide extract component comprises river paddy root, chicken crop leaf, frutus cnidii, hindu datura root, sweet wormwood, kuh-seng, Chinese prickly ash, the achene of Siberian cocklebur, the rhizoma bolbostemmae and Herba Andrographitis.
7. the composite pesticide as described in claim 1 to 6, it is characterized in that: it is paddy root 20 weight portion ~ 30, river weight portions that the weight ratio between each raw material adopted in described plant pesticide extract component is closed, chicken crop leaf 15 weight portion ~ 25 weight portion, frutus cnidii 10 weight portion ~ 20 weight portion, hindu datura root 15 weight portion ~ 25 weight portion, sweet wormwood 10 weight portion ~ 20 weight portion, kuh-seng 20 weight portion ~ 30 weight portion, Chinese prickly ash 15 weight portion ~ 25 weight portion, the achene of Siberian cocklebur 5 weight portion ~ 15 weight portion, the rhizoma bolbostemmae 5 weight portion ~ 15 weight portion and Herba Andrographitis 5 weight portion ~ 15 weight portion.
8. the composite pesticide as described in claim 1 to 7, is characterized in that: the formulation of described composite pesticide is suspending agent.
9. the preparation method of composite pesticide described in claim 1 to 8, it is characterized in that: active component, surfactant, synergist and organic solvent are placed in reactor according to the above ratio, add to 100% with water to mix, then mixture is introduced in sand mill to be milled to fineness of materials be 1 ~ 5 μm; Mix after milling aqueous suspension agent.
10. the preparation method of composite pesticide described in claim 9, it is characterized in that: the extracting method of described plant extract component is specially to be cleaned respectively by each raw material, pulverize, mix by described weight portion, drop into after being soaked in water in extraction vessel and extract twice, first time adds 8 ~ 10 times amount soak by water 1 ~ 2 hour relative to each material quality sum, and second time adds 4 ~ 8 times amount soak by water 1 ~ 2 hour relative to each material quality sum, merge twice decocting liquid, filter to get filtrate; Heating is concentrated into pasty state, puts into after 80 DEG C, baking oven is dried and cools, be ground into powder.
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CN106490060A (en) * | 2016-10-31 | 2017-03-15 | 郑州思辩科技有限公司 | A kind of Farm chemical of Chinese berbs and preparation method thereof |
CN106490051A (en) * | 2016-10-31 | 2017-03-15 | 郑州思辩科技有限公司 | A kind of microbiological Chinese traditional medicine insecticide and preparation method thereof |
CN107156210A (en) * | 2017-06-18 | 2017-09-15 | 合肥奇腾农业科技有限公司 | A kind of biological insecticides and preparation method thereof |
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CN1233396A (en) * | 1999-02-03 | 1999-11-03 | 广州大学 | Low toxic and high efficiency pesticide used for silk worm or silk storehouse |
CN1393135A (en) * | 2001-07-04 | 2003-01-29 | 虞克夫 | Durable-acting safety pesticide |
CN102349549A (en) * | 2011-09-07 | 2012-02-15 | 刘长禄 | Pesticide prepared from plant source and alphacypermethrin |
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CN106490060A (en) * | 2016-10-31 | 2017-03-15 | 郑州思辩科技有限公司 | A kind of Farm chemical of Chinese berbs and preparation method thereof |
CN106490051A (en) * | 2016-10-31 | 2017-03-15 | 郑州思辩科技有限公司 | A kind of microbiological Chinese traditional medicine insecticide and preparation method thereof |
CN107156210A (en) * | 2017-06-18 | 2017-09-15 | 合肥奇腾农业科技有限公司 | A kind of biological insecticides and preparation method thereof |
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