CN106508996A - Greenhouse pesticide and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Greenhouse pesticide and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN106508996A CN106508996A CN201610926513.4A CN201610926513A CN106508996A CN 106508996 A CN106508996 A CN 106508996A CN 201610926513 A CN201610926513 A CN 201610926513A CN 106508996 A CN106508996 A CN 106508996A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
- A01N25/18—Vapour or smoke emitting compositions with delayed or sustained release
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/04—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom
- A01N43/14—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom six-membered rings
- A01N43/16—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom six-membered rings with oxygen as the ring hetero atom
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/40—Liliopsida [monocotyledons]
- A01N65/42—Aloeaceae [Aloe family] or Liliaceae [Lily family], e.g. aloe, veratrum, onion, garlic or chives
Abstract
The invention discloses a greenhouse pesticide. The pesticide is characterized by comprising, by weight, 20-30 parts of monkshood, 20-30 parts of sabina vulgaris ant, 15-25 parts of schima root-bark, 15-25 parts of artemisia annua, 15-20 parts of veratrum nigrum, 20-30 parts of bamboo charcoal powder, 30-45 parts of ammonium nitrate, 15-20 parts of ammonia chloride, 5-10 parts of talc and 3-8 parts of surface active agent. The materials of the pesticide are sourced from plants, and have little toxic content and no residue. All the materials compensate each other with their own advantages to create a synergistic effect. The pest killing effect is obvious.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to greenhouse pesticide technology, more particularly, to a kind of greenhouse insecticidal smoke and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
There is the subject matter for being seriously vegetables in greenhouse booth presence in high temperature, high humidity, pest and disease damage.And long-term a large amount of sprinkling agricultures
Medicine, can also make pest and disease damage produce certain resistance to the action of a drug, and increase dosage, necessarily so that the pollution to environment aggravates, produce
Vicious circle.Meanwhile, herbal sprinkling can increase canopy indoor humidity, be conducive to disease pest to spread；It is uneasy to dispenser personnel in addition
Entirely；And some insects are concentrated mainly on vegetables concealment part or leaf back or hide by day and come out at night, if polypide does not have when spraying insecticide
Touch medicament or spray uneven, prevention effect is undesirable.And in numerous formulations of pesticide, fumicants has using method
Simply, it is easy to carry, saving of work and time, other formulations of prevention effect better than same dosage, and do not allow the features such as being also easy to produce poisoning, fit
The subenvironment in closing is closed, is such as applied in the environment such as greenhouse, booth, it has also become the main dispenser formulation of booth vegetable.Existing skill
To increase the insecticidal effect of fumicants in art, also the formula of fumicants is improved.
Chinese Patent Application No. 201410543822.4 discloses a kind of special non-stimulated fumigating insecticide of booth, each component
By weight, 100 parts of wormwood dry powder, aluminum phosphate 20-40 parts, malathion 2-10 parts.The invention is using beneficial to human body
Wormwood dry powder is key component, is mixed with aluminum phosphate, malathion, can effectively control insect pest, but the product in the invention
Use plant source raw material and be prepared by chemical pesticide compounding, the fumigant insecticidal constituent is chemical pesticide, toxicity is big, and
Only with wormwood dry powder and insecticidal preparation, smoke effect is bad.Chinese Patent Application No. 201310285330.5 discloses one kind
Greenhouse insecticide fumigation agent, is made up of the component of following weight portion：5～7 parts of nitro ammonium phosphate, 1～2 part of sulphur, sawdust
1.5～4 parts, 0.2～0.8 part of DDVP.Fumigant prepared by the invention is chemical pesticide, to the toxicity of people and animals than larger.
The content of the invention
In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is for the deficiencies in the prior art, there is provided a kind of greenhouse insecticidal smoke, the fumicants
Using raw material sources have complementary advantages between plant, low toxicity noresidue, and various raw materials, the effect with Synergistic,
Insecticidal effect is notable.
The invention also discloses the preparation method of the greenhouse insecticidal smoke.
To reach above-mentioned purpose, the present invention is employed the following technical solutions：
A kind of greenhouse insecticidal smoke, including the raw material of following parts by weight：Monkshood 20-30 parts, Sabina vulgaris Ant 20-30 parts, Schima superba 15-
25 parts, artemisia annua 15-25 parts, black false hellebore 15-20 parts, bamboo charcoal powder 20-30 part, ammonium nitrate 30-45 parts, ammonium chloride 15-20 parts, talcum
Powder 5-10 parts, surfactant 3-8 parts.
Further, including the raw material of following parts by weight：26 parts of monkshood, 25 parts of Sabina vulgaris Ant, 20 parts of Schima superba, artemisia annua 18
Part, 20 parts of black false hellebore, 24 parts of bamboo charcoal powder, 40 parts of ammonium nitrate, 19 parts of ammonium chloride, 9 parts of talcum powder, 6 parts of surfactant.
Further, the surfactant is neopelex, fatty glyceride, polysorbate or wooden
One kind in plain sodium sulfonate.
A kind of preparation method of greenhouse insecticidal smoke, comprises the following steps：
（1）Monkshood, Sabina vulgaris Ant, Schima superba bark and black false hellebore rhizome are weighed, 60-80 mesh is crushed to, monkshood, Sabina vulgaris Ant, Schima superba is added
Bark and black false hellebore rhizome total amount 8-12 times bulking value fraction are 75-85% ethanol solutions, while adding monkshood, Sabina vulgaris Ant, Schima superba
The cellulase of bark and black false hellebore rhizome total amount 0.1-0.2 times weight, soaks 1-2h, and then ultrasonic wave extraction 2-3 time merges filter
Liquid, is evaporated to without alcohol taste, obtains extract I；
（2）Artemisia annua is weighed, 60-80 mesh is crushed to, adds 6-10 times of bulking value fraction for 80-95% ethanol solutions, backflow is carried
Take 2-3 time, extract 1-2h every time, merge extract, reduced pressure concentration obtains extract II into medicinal extract；
（3）After the water dissolves of 4-6 times of weight are added in ammonium nitrate, bamboo charcoal powder, ammonium chloride, talcum powder, surfactant are added
And extract I and extract II, 1-2h is stirred, low temperature drying to constant weight is after crushing, packed to seal to obtain fumicants.
Further, the bamboo charcoal powder particle diameter is 10-20 μm.
Further, the step（1）Cellulase enzyme activity is 3 × 104U/g。
Further, the step（1）Middle ultrasonic power is 200-500W, and extraction time is 30-50min.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows：
1st, the raw material with insecticidal action that the greenhouse insecticidal smoke that prepared by the present invention is adopted has monkshood, Sabina vulgaris Ant, Schima superba, chrysanthemum
Wormwood artemisia and black false hellebore, derive from plant, environmental protection.Aconite alkaloid wherein in monkshood there is very strong stomach toxicity to make insect
With, Antifeedant Effects and biological inhibition effect；Lignin compound in Sabina vulgaris Ant has very strong Antifeedant Effects to insect；Wood
The ethanol extract of lotus bark grows with stronger inhibitory action to insect such as diamondback moth, powder diamond-back moth, aphid etc., and
Schima superba bark ethanol extract main component is Tea Saponin, is also a kind of nonionic surfactant, and various Recompounded pesticides are had
There is very strong synergistic function；Volatile oil and qinghaosu in artemisia annua, has very strong action of contace poison and fumigates to insect
Effect；Black false hellebore rhizome ethanol extract not only have it is very strong tag and stomach poison function, and to plant pathogenic fungi such as cotton
Flower wilt, graw mold of tomato etc. are with very strong inhibitory action.Therefore the raw material insecticidal mechanism in this several plant source has concurrently
Stomach toxicity, food refusal, tag, the insecticidal mechanism such as Developing restraint development, and there is very strong inhibitory action to phytopathogen, advantage is mutual
Mend, Synergistic insecticidal, insecticidal effect are notable.
2nd, the present invention carries out classification extraction according to the different qualities of raw material to raw material, and the wherein main insecticidal constituent of monkshood is
Aconite alkaloid, the main insecticidal constituent in Sabina vulgaris Ant be lignin compound, the main insecticidal constituent of Schima superba be Tea Saponin, lamb's-quarters
The main insecticidal constituent of reed is alkaloid, the method that EtOH Sonicate can be adopted to extract, and destroys plant by cellulase degradation
Cell membrane, makes the composition in plant cell easily dissolve, spread, and recovery rate is high.And artemisia annua main active is volatilization
Oil and qinghaosu, the method extracted using alcohol reflux, loss of volatile oil are fewer, and recovery rate is high.
In addition, when greenhouse insecticidal smoke is prepared, the extract I that classification is obtained after extracting is that extract removing ethanol is obtained
, and extract II is medicinal extract, and after extract II and extract I and bamboo charcoal powder etc. mix, active component can adsorb in bamboo charcoal powder
In, then low temperature drying again, whole process loss of effective components are fewer.
3rd, fumicants prepared by the present invention, is cooperated with incendiary agent with ammonium nitrate as oxidant with ammonium chloride as smoke agent,
Smoke effect is good；With bamboo charcoal powder as incendiary agent, particle diameter is 10-20 μm, with loose porous structure, specific surface area than larger,
It is easier to light, absorption property is relatively good, active component is then more easily dispersed in bamboo charcoal powder, it is living after subsequent point burning smoke agent
Property composition disperses in booth evenly, good disinsection effect.With talcum powder as cooling agent, low cost, moreover it is possible to make incendiary agent more hold
Easily ignite；With neopelex, fatty glyceride, polysorbate or sodium lignin sulfonate as surfactant, can
So that active insecticidal components disperse evenly, during contributing to smoke, insecticidal constituent is dispersed, increases insecticidal effect.
4th, lead is both provided with a kind of greenhouse insecticidal smoke packaging bag prepared by the present invention, the fumicants is positioned over into booth
In centre position, it is possible to put combustion wire, fumigate usage amount be 0.2g/m3。
The insecticidal smoke of preparation is 92.8%- to the corrected mortality of diamondback moth, aphid and aleyrodid after fumicants 12h is lighted
100%, insecticidal effect is notable, and the active component of desinsection derives from plant in the present invention, and toxicity is low, noresidue, economic ring
Protect.
Specific embodiment
With reference to specific embodiment, the invention will be further described, wherein the raw material monkshood of present invention employing, sandy ground
Cypress, Schima superba bark, artemisia annua and black false hellebore rhizome are the fresh raw material through drying.
Embodiment 1
A kind of greenhouse insecticidal smoke, including the raw material of following parts by weight：20 parts of monkshood, 30 parts of Sabina vulgaris Ant, 15 parts of Schima superba, chrysanthemum
25 parts of wormwood artemisia, 15 parts of black false hellebore, 30 parts of bamboo charcoal powder, 30 parts of ammonium nitrate, 15 parts of ammonium chloride, 5 parts of talcum powder, 3 parts of surfactant.
Wherein surfactant is neopelex.
A kind of preparation method of greenhouse insecticidal smoke, comprises the following steps：
（1）Monkshood, Sabina vulgaris Ant, Schima superba bark and black false hellebore rhizome are weighed, 60 mesh are crushed to, monkshood, Sabina vulgaris Ant, Schima superba bark is added
With the ethanol solution that 8 times of bulking value fractions of black false hellebore rhizome total amount are 75%, while adding monkshood, Sabina vulgaris Ant, Schima superba bark and lamb's-quarters
The cellulase of reed rhizome stem 0.1 times of weight of total amount, immersion 1h, then ultrasonic wave extraction 2 times, ultrasonic power is 200W, is extracted
Time is 30min, is then combined with filtrate, is evaporated to without alcohol taste, obtains extract I；
（2）Artemisia annua is weighed, 60 mesh are crushed to, the ethanol solution that 6 times of bulking value fractions are 80%, 100 DEG C of water-baths backflows are added
Extract 2 times, extract 1h every time, merge extract, reduced pressure concentration obtains extract II into medicinal extract；
（3）In ammonium nitrate add 4 times of weight water dissolves after, add bamboo charcoal powder, ammonium chloride, talcum powder, surfactant with
And extract I and extract II, 1h is stirred, low temperature drying to constant weight is after crushing, packed to seal to obtain fumicants.
Wherein bamboo charcoal powder particle diameter is 10-20 μm.
Wherein cellulose enzyme vigor is 3 × 104U/g。
Embodiment 2
A kind of greenhouse insecticidal smoke, including the raw material of following parts by weight：22 parts of monkshood, 28 parts of Sabina vulgaris Ant, 17 parts of Schima superba, chrysanthemum
22 parts of wormwood artemisia, 16 parts of black false hellebore, 28 parts of bamboo charcoal powder, 32 parts of ammonium nitrate, 16 parts of ammonium chloride, 6 parts of talcum powder, 4 parts of surfactant.
Wherein surfactant is fatty glyceride.
A kind of preparation method of greenhouse insecticidal smoke, comprises the following steps：
（1）Monkshood, Sabina vulgaris Ant, Schima superba bark and black false hellebore rhizome are weighed, 70 mesh are crushed to, monkshood, Sabina vulgaris Ant, Schima superba bark is added
With the ethanol solution that 9 times of bulking value fractions of black false hellebore rhizome total amount are 76%, while adding monkshood, Sabina vulgaris Ant, Schima superba bark and lamb's-quarters
The cellulase of reed rhizome stem 0.2 times of weight of total amount, immersion 1.5h, then ultrasonic wave extraction 3 times, ultrasonic power is 300W, is carried
The time is taken for 40min, filtrate is then combined with, is evaporated to without alcohol taste, obtain extract I；
（2）Artemisia annua is weighed, 70 mesh are crushed to, the ethanol solution that 7 times of bulking value fractions are 85%, 100 DEG C of water-baths backflows are added
Extract 3 times, extract 2h every time, merge extract, reduced pressure concentration obtains extract II into medicinal extract；
（3）In ammonium nitrate add 5 times of weight water dissolves after, add bamboo charcoal powder, ammonium chloride, talcum powder, surfactant with
And extract I and extract II, 1.5h is stirred, low temperature drying to constant weight is after crushing, packed to seal to obtain fumicants.
Wherein bamboo charcoal powder particle diameter is 10-20 μm.
Wherein cellulose enzyme vigor is 3 × 104U/g。
Embodiment 3
A kind of greenhouse insecticidal smoke, including the raw material of following parts by weight：24 parts of monkshood, 26 parts of Sabina vulgaris Ant, 18 parts of Schima superba, chrysanthemum
20 parts of wormwood artemisia, 18 parts of black false hellebore, 26 parts of bamboo charcoal powder, 35 parts of ammonium nitrate, 17 parts of ammonium chloride, 7 parts of talcum powder, 5 parts of surfactant.
Wherein surfactant is polysorbate.
A kind of preparation method of greenhouse insecticidal smoke, comprises the following steps：
（1）Monkshood, Sabina vulgaris Ant, Schima superba bark and black false hellebore rhizome are weighed, 80 mesh are crushed to, monkshood, Sabina vulgaris Ant, Schima superba bark is added
With the ethanol solution that 10 times of bulking value fractions of black false hellebore rhizome total amount are 78%, while add monkshood, Sabina vulgaris Ant, Schima superba bark and
The cellulase of black false hellebore rhizome 0.15 times of weight of total amount, immersion 2h, then ultrasonic wave extraction 2 times, ultrasonic power is 400W, is carried
The time is taken for 45min, filtrate is then combined with, is evaporated to without alcohol taste, obtain extract I；
（2）Artemisia annua is weighed, 80 mesh are crushed to, the ethanol solution that 8 times of bulking value fractions are 90%, 100 DEG C of water-baths backflows are added
Extract 2 times, extract 1.5h every time, merge extract, reduced pressure concentration obtains extract II into medicinal extract；
（3）In ammonium nitrate add 6 times of weight water dissolves after, add bamboo charcoal powder, ammonium chloride, talcum powder, surfactant with
And extract I and extract II, 2h is stirred, low temperature drying to constant weight is after crushing, packed to seal to obtain fumicants.
Wherein bamboo charcoal powder particle diameter is 10-20 μm.
Wherein cellulose enzyme vigor is 3 × 104U/g。
Embodiment 4
A kind of greenhouse insecticidal smoke, including the raw material of following parts by weight：25 parts of monkshood, 26 parts of Sabina vulgaris Ant, 19 parts of Schima superba, chrysanthemum
19 parts of wormwood artemisia, 19 parts of black false hellebore, 25 parts of bamboo charcoal powder, 38 parts of ammonium nitrate, 18 parts of ammonium chloride, 8 parts of talcum powder, 6 parts of surfactant.
Wherein surfactant is sodium lignin sulfonate.
A kind of preparation method of greenhouse insecticidal smoke, comprises the following steps：
（1）Monkshood, Sabina vulgaris Ant, Schima superba bark and black false hellebore rhizome are weighed, 60 mesh are crushed to, monkshood, Sabina vulgaris Ant, Schima superba bark is added
With the ethanol solution that 12 times of bulking value fractions of black false hellebore rhizome total amount are 80%, while add monkshood, Sabina vulgaris Ant, Schima superba bark and
The cellulase of black false hellebore rhizome 0.2 times of weight of total amount, immersion 1h, then ultrasonic wave extraction 3 times, ultrasonic power is 500W, is carried
The time is taken for 50min, filtrate is then combined with, is evaporated to without alcohol taste, obtain extract I；
（2）Artemisia annua being weighed, 70 mesh are crushed to, 9 times of bulking value fractions being added for 95% ethanol solution, 100 DEG C of water-baths backflows are carried
Take 3 times, extract 1h every time, merge extract, reduced pressure concentration obtains extract II into medicinal extract；
（3）In ammonium nitrate add 4 times of weight water dissolves after, add bamboo charcoal powder, ammonium chloride, talcum powder, surfactant with
And extract I and extract II, 1h is stirred, low temperature drying to constant weight is after crushing, packed to seal to obtain fumicants.
Wherein bamboo charcoal powder particle diameter is 10-20 μm.
Wherein cellulose enzyme vigor is 3 × 104U/g。
Embodiment 5
A kind of greenhouse insecticidal smoke, including the raw material of following parts by weight：26 parts of monkshood, 25 parts of Sabina vulgaris Ant, 20 parts of Schima superba, chrysanthemum
18 parts of wormwood artemisia, 20 parts of black false hellebore, 24 parts of bamboo charcoal powder, 40 parts of ammonium nitrate, 19 parts of ammonium chloride, 9 parts of talcum powder, 6 parts of surfactant.
Wherein surfactant is neopelex.
A kind of preparation method of greenhouse insecticidal smoke, comprises the following steps：
（1）Monkshood, Sabina vulgaris Ant, Schima superba bark and black false hellebore rhizome are weighed, 70 mesh are crushed to, monkshood, Sabina vulgaris Ant, Schima superba bark is added
With the ethanol solution that 11 times of bulking value fractions of black false hellebore rhizome total amount are 80%, while add monkshood, Sabina vulgaris Ant, Schima superba bark and
The cellulase of black false hellebore rhizome 0.15 times of weight of total amount, immersion 1.5h, then ultrasonic wave extraction 2 times, ultrasonic power is 400W,
Extraction time is 45min, is then combined with filtrate, is evaporated to without alcohol taste, obtains extract I；
（2）Artemisia annua being weighed, 70 mesh are crushed to, 8 times of bulking value fractions being added for 90% ethanol solution, 100 DEG C of water-baths backflows are carried
Take 2 times, extract 1h every time, merge extract, reduced pressure concentration obtains extract II into medicinal extract；
（3）In ammonium nitrate add 5 times of weight water dissolves after, add bamboo charcoal powder, ammonium chloride, talcum powder, surfactant with
And extract I and extract II, 1.5h is stirred, low temperature drying to constant weight is after crushing, packed to seal to obtain fumicants.
Wherein bamboo charcoal powder particle diameter is 10-20 μm.
Wherein cellulose enzyme vigor is 3 × 104U/g。
Embodiment 6
A kind of greenhouse insecticidal smoke, including the raw material of following parts by weight：26 parts of monkshood, 25 parts of Sabina vulgaris Ant, 20 parts of Schima superba, chrysanthemum
18 parts of wormwood artemisia, 20 parts of black false hellebore, 15 parts of grass-leaved sweetflag, 24 parts of bamboo charcoal powder, 40 parts of ammonium nitrate, 19 parts of ammonium chloride, 9 parts of talcum powder, surface are lived
6 parts of agent of property.
Wherein surfactant is neopelex.
A kind of preparation method of greenhouse insecticidal smoke, comprises the following steps：
（1）Monkshood, Sabina vulgaris Ant, Schima superba bark, grass-leaved sweetflag and black false hellebore rhizome are weighed, 70 mesh are crushed to, 11 times of bulking values are added
Fraction is 80% ethanol solution, while the cellulase of 0.15 times of weight is added, immersion 1.5h, then ultrasonic wave extraction 2 times,
Ultrasonic power is 400W, and extraction time is 45min, is then combined with filtrate, is evaporated to without alcohol taste, obtains extract I；
（2）Artemisia annua being weighed, 70 mesh are crushed to, 8 times of bulking value fractions being added for 90% ethanol solution, 100 DEG C of water-baths backflows are carried
Take 2 times, extract 1h every time, merge extract, reduced pressure concentration obtains extract II into medicinal extract；
（3）In ammonium nitrate add 5 times of weight water dissolves after, add bamboo charcoal powder, ammonium chloride, talcum powder, surfactant with
And extract I and extract II, 1.5h is stirred, low temperature drying to constant weight is after crushing, packed to seal to obtain fumicants.
Wherein bamboo charcoal powder particle diameter is 10-20 μm.
Wherein cellulose enzyme vigor is 3 × 104U/g。
Embodiment 7
A kind of greenhouse insecticidal smoke, including the raw material of following parts by weight：28 parts of monkshood, 22 parts of Sabina vulgaris Ant, 22 parts of Schima superba, chrysanthemum
16 parts of wormwood artemisia, 16 parts of black false hellebore, 22 parts of bamboo charcoal powder, 42 parts of ammonium nitrate, 20 parts of ammonium chloride, 10 parts of talcum powder, 7 parts of surfactant.
Wherein surfactant is fatty glyceride.
A kind of preparation method of greenhouse insecticidal smoke, comprises the following steps：
（1）Monkshood, Sabina vulgaris Ant, Schima superba bark and black false hellebore rhizome are weighed, 80 mesh are crushed to, monkshood, Sabina vulgaris Ant, Schima superba bark is added
With the ethanol solution that 8 times of bulking value fractions of black false hellebore rhizome total amount are 85%, while adding monkshood, Sabina vulgaris Ant, Schima superba bark and lamb's-quarters
The cellulase of reed rhizome stem 0.1 times of weight of total amount, immersion 2h, then ultrasonic wave extraction 3 times, ultrasonic power is 300W, is extracted
Time is 40min, is then combined with filtrate, is evaporated to without alcohol taste, obtains extract I；
（2）Artemisia annua is weighed, 80 mesh are crushed to, and 10 times of bulking value fractions is added for 80% ethanol solution, 100 DEG C of water-baths backflows
Extract 3 times, extract 1.5h every time, merge extract, reduced pressure concentration obtains extract II into medicinal extract；
（3）In ammonium nitrate add 6 times of weight water dissolves after, add bamboo charcoal powder, ammonium chloride, talcum powder, surfactant with
And extract I and extract II, 2h is stirred, low temperature drying to constant weight is after crushing, packed to seal to obtain fumicants.
Wherein bamboo charcoal powder particle diameter is 10-20 μm.
Wherein cellulose enzyme vigor is 3 × 104U/g。
Embodiment 8
A kind of greenhouse insecticidal smoke, including the raw material of following parts by weight：30 parts of monkshood, 20 parts of Sabina vulgaris Ant, 25 parts of Schima superba, chrysanthemum
15 parts of wormwood artemisia, 18 parts of black false hellebore, 20 parts of bamboo charcoal powder, 45 parts of ammonium nitrate, 18 parts of ammonium chloride, 8 parts of talcum powder, 8 parts of surfactant.
Wherein surfactant is polysorbate.
A kind of preparation method of greenhouse insecticidal smoke, comprises the following steps：
（1）Monkshood, Sabina vulgaris Ant, Schima superba bark and black false hellebore rhizome are weighed, 70 mesh are crushed to, monkshood, Sabina vulgaris Ant, Schima superba bark is added
With the ethanol solution that 9 times of bulking value fractions of black false hellebore rhizome total amount are 80%, while adding monkshood, Sabina vulgaris Ant, Schima superba bark and lamb's-quarters
The cellulase of reed rhizome stem 0.2 times of weight of total amount, immersion 1h, then ultrasonic wave extraction 3 times, ultrasonic power is 500W, is extracted
Time is 30min, is then combined with filtrate, is evaporated to without alcohol taste, obtains extract I；
（2）Artemisia annua is weighed, 60 mesh are crushed to, and 10 times of bulking value fractions is added for 85% ethanol solution, 100 DEG C of water-baths backflows
Extract 2 times, extract 2h every time, merge extract, reduced pressure concentration obtains extract II into medicinal extract；
（3）In ammonium nitrate add 4 times of weight water dissolves after, add bamboo charcoal powder, ammonium chloride, talcum powder, surfactant with
And extract I and extract II, 2h is stirred, low temperature drying to constant weight is after crushing, packed to seal to obtain fumicants.
Wherein bamboo charcoal powder particle diameter is 10-20 μm.
Wherein cellulose enzyme vigor is 3 × 104U/g。
Comparative example 1
Comparative example 1 is substantially the same manner as Example 5, and difference is：Composition of raw materials has been adjusted, and the monkshood in raw material is gone
Fall, accordingly increase the amount of Sabina vulgaris Ant, i.e.,：
A kind of greenhouse insecticidal smoke, including the raw material of following parts by weight：51 parts of Sabina vulgaris Ant, 20 parts of Schima superba, 18 parts of artemisia annua, lamb's-quarters
20 parts of reed, 24 parts of bamboo charcoal powder, 40 parts of ammonium nitrate, 19 parts of ammonium chloride, 9 parts of talcum powder, 6 parts of surfactant.
Its preparation method is identical with implementing 5.
Comparative example 2
Comparative example 2 is substantially the same manner as Example 5, and difference is：Composition of raw materials has been adjusted, and the Sabina vulgaris Ant in raw material is gone
Fall, accordingly increase the amount of monkshood, i.e.,：
A kind of greenhouse insecticidal smoke, including the raw material of following parts by weight：51 parts of monkshood, 20 parts of Schima superba, 18 parts of artemisia annua, black false hellebore
20 parts, 24 parts of bamboo charcoal powder, 40 parts of ammonium nitrate, 19 parts of ammonium chloride, 9 parts of talcum powder, 6 parts of surfactant.
Its preparation method is identical with implementing 5.
Comparative example 3
Comparative example 3 is substantially the same manner as Example 5, and difference is：Composition of raw materials has been adjusted, and the Schima superba in raw material is gone
Fall, accordingly increase the amount of artemisia annua, i.e.,：
A kind of greenhouse insecticidal smoke, including the raw material of following parts by weight：26 parts of monkshood, 25 parts of Sabina vulgaris Ant, 38 parts of artemisia annua, lamb's-quarters
20 parts of reed, 24 parts of bamboo charcoal powder, 40 parts of ammonium nitrate, 19 parts of ammonium chloride, 9 parts of talcum powder, 6 parts of surfactant.
Its preparation method is identical with implementing 5.
Comparative example 4
Comparative example 4 is substantially the same manner as Example 5, and difference is：Composition of raw materials has been adjusted, by the artemisia annua in raw material and
Black false hellebore is removed, and accordingly increases the amount of Sabina vulgaris Ant and Schima superba, i.e.,：
A kind of greenhouse insecticidal smoke, including the raw material of following parts by weight：26 parts of monkshood, 43 parts of Sabina vulgaris Ant, 40 parts of Schima superba, bamboo charcoal
24 parts of powder, 40 parts of ammonium nitrate, 19 parts of ammonium chloride, 9 parts of talcum powder, 6 parts of surfactant.
Its preparation method is identical with implementing 5.
Comparative example 5
The raw material that comparative example 5 is adopted with embodiment 5 is identical, and difference is：Do not do classification to extract, only with ultrasonic wave extraction
Method, i.e.,：
（1）Weigh monkshood, Sabina vulgaris Ant, Schima superba bark, black false hellebore rhizome and artemisia annua, be crushed to 70 mesh, add monkshood, Sabina vulgaris Ant,
Schima superba bark, the ethanol solution that 11 times of bulking value fractions of black false hellebore rhizome and artemisia annua total amount are 80%, while adding monkshood, sand
Ground cypress, Schima superba bark, the cellulase of 0.15 times of weight of black false hellebore rhizome and artemisia annua total amount, soak 1.5h, and then ultrasonic wave is carried
Take 2 times, ultrasonic power is 400W, and extraction time is 45min, is then combined with filtrate, is evaporated to without alcohol taste, must be extracted
Thing；
（2）In ammonium nitrate add 5 times of weight water dissolves after, add bamboo charcoal powder, ammonium chloride, talcum powder, surfactant with
And extract, 1.5h is stirred, low temperature drying to constant weight is after crushing, packed to seal to obtain fumicants.
The greenhouse test of pesticide effectiveness
Select the booth of 50m × 8m × 3m as test site, be for examination insect with diamondback moth, aphid and aleyrodid.Collection pickles
Moth, aphid and whitefly larva, are individually positioned in beaker, are placed in constant incubator and raise 2-3 days, and the larva for selecting health is put
Putting in culture dish, 14 being put in each culture dish respectively in a suitable place to breed only for examination insect, wherein diamondback moth, aphid and whitefly larva is respectively tested
70.Then 5 points are chosen as test point using five point sampling methods in booth, culture dish dispersion is placed in into test point, then
The greenhouse insecticidal smoke prepared in lighting embodiment 1-8 and comparative example 1-5, the usage amount of fumicants is 0.2g/m3, wherein every kind of
Test 3 times for trying insect counterpoise retrial, while with not dispenser in booth as control group, uniting after 6h and 12h after dispenser
Dead borer population of the meter for examination insect.
The wherein death rate（%）=dead borer population/total borer population × 100%
Corrected mortality（%）=（Process the death rate-control death rate）/（1- compares the death rate）×100%
1 greenhouse effect experiment data of table
As can be seen from Table 1, after the greenhouse insecticidal smoke burning that prepared by embodiment of the present invention 1-8,6h is to diamondback moth, aphid and powder
The corrected mortality of lice is 88.6%-95.7%, is 92.8%-100% to the corrected mortality of diamondback moth, aphid and aleyrodid after 12h,
Significantly, and the active component of desinsection is plant material to insecticidal effect in the present invention, and toxicity is low, and noresidue is economic and environment-friendly.
Embodiment 6 is substantially the same manner as Example 5, and it is on the basis of embodiment 5 to increased one that difference is embodiment 6
Plant raw material grass-leaved sweetflag, volatile oil and flavonoids in grass-leaved sweetflag etc. and there is to insect very strong stifling and action of contace poison, add
The fumicants of the embodiment 6 after grass-leaved sweetflag, the corrected mortality after 6h is lighted are higher than embodiment 5, illustrate prepared by embodiment 6
Fumicants has quick-acting, but toxicity can also increase.
Comparative example 1-4 is raw material to be adjusted on the basis of embodiment 5, and raw material total amount is constant, preparation method phase
Together.Wherein comparative example 1 removes monkshood, accordingly increases the amount of Sabina vulgaris Ant；Comparative example 2 removes Sabina vulgaris Ant, accordingly increases monkshood
Amount；Comparative example 3 removes Schima superba, accordingly increases the amount of artemisia annua；Comparative example 4 removes artemisia annua and black false hellebore, accordingly increases
The amount of Sabina vulgaris Ant and Schima superba；And comparative example 1-4 is more far short of what is expected than embodiment 5 to the corrected mortality of diamondback moth, aphid and aleyrodid, say
This several raw material that the bright present invention is selected, have complementary advantages, and the effect with Synergistic, lacks any one each other, kills
Worm effect will weaken.
Comparative example 5 is that preparation method is have adjusted on the basis of embodiment 5, does not do classification and extracts, only with ultrasonic extraction
Method, it is and slightly lower than embodiment 5 to the corrected mortality of diamondback moth, aphid and aleyrodid, illustrate to be carried out according to property of raw material
Classification is extracted, and can strengthen the recovery rate of active insecticidal components, so as to strengthen insecticidal effect.
Finally illustrate, only to illustrate technical scheme and unrestricted, this area is common for above example
Other modifications or equivalent that technical staff is made to technical scheme, without departing from technical solution of the present invention
Spirit and scope, all should cover in the middle of scope of the presently claimed invention.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of greenhouse insecticidal smoke, it is characterised in that：Including the raw material of following parts by weight：Monkshood 20-30 parts, Sabina vulgaris Ant
20-30 parts, Schima superba 15-25 parts, artemisia annua 15-25 parts, black false hellebore 15-20 parts, bamboo charcoal powder 20-30 part, ammonium nitrate 30-45 parts, chlorine
Change ammonium 15-20 parts, talcum powder 5-10 parts, surfactant 3-8 parts.
2. a kind of greenhouse insecticidal smoke according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Including the raw material of following parts by weight：
26 parts of monkshood, 25 parts of Sabina vulgaris Ant, 20 parts of Schima superba, 18 parts of artemisia annua, 20 parts of black false hellebore, 24 parts of bamboo charcoal powder, 40 parts of ammonium nitrate, ammonium chloride
19 parts, 9 parts of talcum powder, 6 parts of surfactant.
3. a kind of greenhouse insecticidal smoke according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The surfactant is dodecyl
One kind in benzene sulfonic acid sodium salt, fatty glyceride, polysorbate or sodium lignin sulfonate.
4. a kind of preparation method of greenhouse insecticidal smoke as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Comprise the following steps：
（1）Monkshood, Sabina vulgaris Ant, Schima superba bark and black false hellebore rhizome are weighed, 60-80 mesh is crushed to, monkshood, Sabina vulgaris Ant, Schima superba is added
Bark and black false hellebore rhizome total amount 8-12 times bulking value fraction are 75-85% ethanol solutions, while adding monkshood, Sabina vulgaris Ant, Schima superba
The cellulase of bark and black false hellebore rhizome total amount 0.1-0.2 times weight, soaks 1-2h, and then ultrasonic wave extraction 2-3 time merges filter
Liquid, is evaporated to without alcohol taste, obtains extract I；
（2）Artemisia annua is weighed, 60-80 mesh is crushed to, adds 6-10 times of bulking value fraction for 80-95% ethanol solutions, backflow is carried
Take 2-3 time, extract 1-2h every time, merge extract, reduced pressure concentration obtains extract II into medicinal extract；
（3）After the water dissolves of 4-6 times of weight are added in ammonium nitrate, bamboo charcoal powder, ammonium chloride, talcum powder, surfactant are added
And extract I and extract II, 1-2h is stirred, low temperature drying to constant weight is after crushing, packed to seal to obtain fumicants.
5. the preparation method of a kind of greenhouse insecticidal smoke according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：The bamboo charcoal powder particle diameter
For 10-20 μm.
6. the preparation method of a kind of greenhouse insecticidal smoke according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：The step（1）In
Cellulose enzyme vigor is 3 × 104U/g。
7. the preparation method of a kind of greenhouse insecticidal smoke according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：The step（1）In
Ultrasonic power is 200-500W, and extraction time is 30-50min.
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| CN108653395A (en) * | 2018-06-21 | 2018-10-16 | 南京林业大学 | A kind of artificial forest bark active constituent Coupled |
| CN108704002A (en) * | 2018-06-21 | 2018-10-26 | 南京林业大学 | A kind of artificial forest bark active constituent enzymatic treatment assists Coupled with ultrasonic wave |
| CN110663708A (en) * | 2019-09-29 | 2020-01-10 | 郭娜 | Incense capable of expelling and killing insects and preparation method thereof |
| CN112609205A (en) * | 2020-11-30 | 2021-04-06 | 陕西科技大学 | Nitrogen-doped carbon fiber loaded zirconium-induced transition metal phosphide and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108653395A (en) * | 2018-06-21 | 2018-10-16 | 南京林业大学 | A kind of artificial forest bark active constituent Coupled |
| CN108704002A (en) * | 2018-06-21 | 2018-10-26 | 南京林业大学 | A kind of artificial forest bark active constituent enzymatic treatment assists Coupled with ultrasonic wave |
| CN108653395B (en) * | 2018-06-21 | 2020-12-22 | 南京林业大学 | Coupling extraction method for active ingredients of bark of artificial forest |
| CN108704002B (en) * | 2018-06-21 | 2021-05-11 | 南京林业大学 | Artificial forest bark active ingredient enzyme treatment and ultrasonic-assisted coupling extraction method |
| CN110663708A (en) * | 2019-09-29 | 2020-01-10 | 郭娜 | Incense capable of expelling and killing insects and preparation method thereof |
| CN110663708B (en) * | 2019-09-29 | 2021-03-16 | 郭娜 | Incense capable of expelling and killing insects and preparation method thereof |
| CN112609205A (en) * | 2020-11-30 | 2021-04-06 | 陕西科技大学 | Nitrogen-doped carbon fiber loaded zirconium-induced transition metal phosphide and preparation method thereof |
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