CN103478627B - 无花果果干的制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明提供一种无花果果干的制备方法,属于果干制作方法的领域。本发明中将新鲜采摘的带蒂无花果果实,经过清洗、杀青、护色、烘干、杀菌、包装即得成品。用本发明提供的方法制备无花果果干,操作简单、安全,自动化程度高,利于大量的工业生产;制备的果干果形完整、颜色金黄、有透明感;制备的果干无任何有害添加剂,果实的营养成分流失少,有无花果天然清香,口感好。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于一种果干的制作方法,具体涉及一种无花果果干的制备方法。
背景技术
无花果属浆果树种,可食率高达92%,果实皮薄无核,肉质松软,风味甘甜。果实中含有多种人体所需的物质如:氨基酸、各种糖类、水解酶、维生素、磷、钙等矿物质;果实中含有大量的果胶和维生素,果实吸水膨胀之后,能吸附多种化学物质,所以食用无花果后,能使肠道各种有害物质被吸附,然后排出体外,能净化肠道,促进有益菌类繁殖,抑制血糖,维持正常胆酷醇含量,迅速排除有害物质;无花果还有丰富的蛋白酶分解酶、脂酶、淀粉酶和氧化酶等酶类,它们都能促进蛋白质的分解,有助于消化的良好作用;此外,无花果中含有多种抗癌物质,如山苯甲醛、佛手柑内脂、补骨酯素等对癌细胞抑制作用明显的抗癌物质;另外,无花果中含有大量的硒,其含量是大蒜的400倍,硒是免疫增强剂,能够清除自由基,保护细胞膜免受氧化,可对心脑血管、血糖、血压有调节作用,具有抗病毒功效,又有保肝抗癌作用。
无花果鲜果的含水量高达78%,以游离水、胶体水和化合水三种状态存在。由于含水量比较高,所以储存、运输都比较困难,果干的制作就是除去部分水分,果实干制过程中所除去的水分主要是游离水和部分胶体水,现有的果实干制的方法是自然干制法,自然干制法具有生产效率低、工人的劳动强度大、成品率低等不足。
发明内容
本发明提供一种无花果果干的加工方法,利用本方法生产的无花果果干口感好,营养成分流失少。本发明是以如下技术方案实现的:
一种无花果果干的制备方法,其特征在于包括以下内容:
(1)清洗无花果果实;
(2)将清洗后的无花果果实进行杀青处理;
(3)将杀青后的无花果果实进行护色处理;
(4)将护色后的无花果果实进行烘干处理;
(5)将烘干后的无花果果实进行杀菌处理;
(6)将杀菌后的无花果果实进行包装,即得无花果果干成品。
进一步地,步骤(1)中所述的清洗为流水清洗。
进一步地,步骤(2)中所述的无花果果实为带有果蒂的无花果整果。
进一步地,步骤(2)中所述的无花果果实为成熟度为6~8成熟、并带有果蒂的无花果整果。
进一步地,步骤(2)中所述的杀青处理包括以下内容:将无花果果实倒入含有0.8~1.2%质量分数的柠檬酸沸水溶液中,并保持沸腾状态10~15min。
进一步地,步骤(3)中所述的护色处理包括以下内容:将无花果果实倒入含有0.3~0.6%质量分数的维生素C水溶液,在10~25℃下保持5~10min。
进一步地,步骤(4)中所述的烘干处理为:将无花果果实放在烘盘中,在65~75℃下保持7~12h,烘干后的无花果果实含水量为15~20%。
进一步地,步骤(5)中所述的杀菌处理包括以下内容:将无花果果实放在密闭、干燥的空间内,用紫外线进行杀菌7~8h。
本发明的有益效果如下:
1. 本发明提供的无花果果干的制备方法中,选用的是成熟度为6-8成熟、无病虫害、无腐烂的无花果果实,选用这样的果实制备的成品质量较好而得率也较高;此外,本发明还选用带有果蒂的无花果整果,使得制备的果干果形完整,保证果实和果蒂尽量多的营养物质,保障其药用价值。
2. 本发明提供的无花果果干的制备方法中,采用流水清洗,比一般的清洗能更有利于去除赃物和杂质,且能减少因清洗而对无花果果实带来的损伤。
3. 现有技术中,制备无花果干时都有去除果皮的操作:先用碱液脱皮,再用酸液中和。这样不仅会损害无花果果实的营养成分,并且操作复杂,所用的碱液还会对人体皮肤造成腐蚀。本发明提供的无花果果干的制备方法中,并没有进行去除果皮的处理,操作更为安全、简单,并且保留了无花果果皮的营养成分:果皮中富含多种人体所需要的氨基酸,维生素等,其中硒的含量较高,可以防治咽喉炎,还有肠胃不适等。
4. 本发明提供的无花果果干的制备方法中,采用柠檬酸水溶液蒸煮杀青,可以很好地去除无花果果实的青色和涩味,使制备出的无花果干色泽金黄无褐变,且口感优良。柠檬酸也是人体营养的一部分,用它来蒸煮杀青,不会引入其他有害人体健康的化学物质,使制备出的无花果果干健康营养。
5. 传统的无花果果干制备过程中,常常采用亚硫酸氢钠溶液浸泡、甚至硫磺熏蒸的方式,以达到护色的效果,造成果干中残留有害物质,威胁人体健康。而本发明提供的无花果果干的制备方法中,采用维生素C进行护色处理,由于维生素C的抗氧化作用,防止无花果果实的褐变,进一步保证制备出的无花果果干色泽金黄;由于维生素C属于人体的营养物质,用它来处理无花果果实,不仅不会造成有害物质残留,反而会增加果干的营养价值。
6. 本发明提供的无花果果干的制备方法中,烘干时采用的温度和时间,有利于保证无花果的营养成分流失少,并且使制备的无花果颜色金黄,有透明感。
7. 本发明提供的无花果果干的制备方法中,还采用紫外杀菌的处理,使得制备的无花果果干更安全卫生,更有利于人体的健康。
8. 用本发明提供的方法制备无花果果干,操作简单、安全,自动化程度高,利于大量的工业生产;制备的果干果形完整、颜色金黄、有透明感;制备的果干无任何有害添加剂,果实的营养成分流失少,有无花果天然清香,口感好。
具体实施方式
下面结合实例对本发明作进一步说明。
实施例1
(1)、将新鲜采回的带果蒂的无花果放入三级清洗机内经流动清水清洗去沙、去杂质;
(2)、清洗后的无花果在人工分选机上分选出6~8成熟、无霉烂、无变质的无花果果实;
(3)、将挑选好的无花果放入加了质量分数为1%的柠檬酸的沸水溶液中,在煮果机内蒸煮10分钟后捞出果实;
(4)、将步骤(3)杀青后的无花果导入装有质量分数0.5%的维生素C的15℃水溶液中冷处理5分钟后捞出果实;
(5)、将冷处理后的无花果均匀摆放在烤盘中,推入烘房,温度控制在70℃左右,经过12小时后取出,此时无花果的含水量为15%;
(6)、将烘好的无花果干放入杀菌室,开启紫外线杀菌灯,经8小时后取出;
(7)、将杀菌后的无花果果干按不同包装规格包装的成品。
经检测,本产品外观金黄,有透明感,很好的保留了无花果的营养成分,并具有无花果天然清香味,不加糖,不加任何化学添加剂,达到国家规定的卫生标准。
实施例2
(1)、将新鲜采回的带果蒂的无花果中,挑选出无霉烂、无变质的无花果果实,放入三级清洗机内经流动清水清洗去沙、去杂质;
(2)、将清洗好的无花果放入加了质量分数为0.8%的柠檬酸的沸水溶液中,在煮果机内蒸煮12分钟后捞出果实;
(3)、将步骤(3)杀青后的无花果导入装有质量分数0.3%的维生素C的20℃水溶液中冷处理8分钟后捞出果实;
(4)、将冷处理后的无花果均匀摆放在烤盘中,推入烘房,温度控制在72℃左右,经过10小时后取出,此时无花果的含水量为18%;
(5)、将烘好的无花果干放入杀菌室,开启紫外线杀菌灯,经7小时后取出;
(6)、将杀菌后的无花果果干按不同包装规格包装的成品。
经检测,本产品外观金黄,有透明感,很好的保留了无花果的营养成分,并具有无花果天然清香味,不加糖,不加任何化学添加剂,达到国家规定的卫生标准。
实施例3
(1)、将新鲜采回的带果蒂的无花果中,挑选出无霉烂、无变质的无花果果实,放入三级清洗机内经流动清水清洗去沙、去杂质;
(2)、将清洗好的无花果放入加了质量分数为1.2%的柠檬酸的沸水溶液中,在煮果机内蒸煮15分钟后捞出果实;
(3)、将步骤(3)杀青后的无花果导入装有质量分数0.6%的维生素C的20℃水溶液中冷处理10分钟后捞出果实;
(4)、将冷处理后的无花果均匀摆放在烤盘中,推入烘房,温度控制在65℃左右,经过7小时后取出,此时无花果的含水量为20%;
(5)、将烘好的无花果干放入杀菌室,开启紫外线杀菌灯,经7小时后取出;
(6)、将杀菌后的无花果果干按不同包装规格包装的成品。
经检测,本产品外观金黄,有透明感,很好的保留了无花果的营养成分,并具有无花果天然清香味,不加糖,不加任何化学添加剂,达到国家规定的卫生标准。
Claims (2)
1.一种无花果果干的制备方法,其特征在于包括以下内容:
(1)清洗无花果果实;
(2)将清洗后的无花果果实进行杀青处理;
(3)将杀青后的无花果果实进行护色处理;
(4)将护色后的无花果果实进行烘干处理;
(5)将烘干后的无花果果实进行杀菌处理;
(6)将杀菌后的无花果果实进行包装,即得无花果果干成品;
步骤(2)中所述的无花果果实为成熟度为6-8 成熟、并带有果蒂的无花果整果;
步骤(2)中所述的杀青处理包括以下内容:将无花果果实倒入含有0.8-1.2% 质量分数的柠檬酸沸水溶液中,并保持沸腾状态10-15min;
步骤(3)中所述的护色处理包括以下内容:将无花果果实倒入含有0.3-0.6%质量分数的维生素C 水溶液,在10-25℃下保持5-10min;
步骤(4)中所述的烘干处理为:将无花果果实放在烘盘中,在65-75℃下保持7-12h,烘干后的无花果果实含水量为15-20%。
2.根据权利要求1 所述的无花果果干的制备方法,其特征在于步骤(1)中所述的清洗为流水清洗。
3. 根据权利要求1 所述的无花果果干的制备方法,其特征在于步骤(5)中所述的杀菌处理包括以下内容:将无花果果实放在密闭、干燥的空间内,用紫外线进行杀菌7-8h。
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