CN103392674A - Method for breeding aphidiidae through flue-cured tobacco seedling cultivation greenhouse - Google Patents
Method for breeding aphidiidae through flue-cured tobacco seedling cultivation greenhouse Download PDFInfo
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- CN103392674A CN103392674A CN2013102747522A CN201310274752A CN103392674A CN 103392674 A CN103392674 A CN 103392674A CN 2013102747522 A CN2013102747522 A CN 2013102747522A CN 201310274752 A CN201310274752 A CN 201310274752A CN 103392674 A CN103392674 A CN 103392674A
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for breeding aphidiidae through a flue-cured tobacco seedling cultivation greenhouse. The method includes the steps of regarding a flue-cured tobacco seedling cultivation greenhouse which is conventionally used as a foundation, setting up a stud aphid and stud bee cultivation base matched with the flue-cured tobacco seedling cultivation greenhouse, cultivating bee breeding tobacco seedlings through cultivating and reserving tobacco seedlings in a bee breeding chamber of the flue-cured tobacco seedling cultivation greenhouse, and conducting aphid inoculation and bee inoculation on the tobacco seedlings through stud aphids and stud bees till bee collecting and bee releasing are conducted. The operation is easy to conduct, the bee breeding effect is good, the cost is low, the method plays an overall role in preventing and controlling a whole tobacco planting area and myzus persicae of other corps in the whole tobacco planting area, therefore, a good biological control effect is achieved, and the method is suitable for popularization.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the biological prevention field of pest, particularly a kind of method of utilizing the flue-cured tobacco seedling-cultivating canopy to breed aphid cocoon honeybee.
Background technology
Pest cigarette aphid, like intensive on the tobacco leaf back side or core leaf, and its thorn is inhaled tobacco leaf, stem stalk and floral axis juice, namely occurs faded spot after blade is injured, and causes the cigarette strain poor growth of being injured, and quality descends, and serious jaundice is curling, distortion or withered.There is wing cigarette aphid can also propagate the multiple viruses such as mosaic disease, marmor upsilon, tobacco is caused very serious loss.The host plant of cigarette aphid except tobacco, still has 300 various plants such as brassicaceous vegetable, capsicum, potato, eggplant, melon, soybean, peach, Lee, apricot, plum.
Utilize aphid cocoon honeybee natural enemy control cigarette aphid, can effectively control the harm of cigarette aphid to flue-cured tobacco, reduce the residue of pesticide in tobacco leaf, improve the safety of sucking of tobacco leaf, can obtain significant ecological benefits, economic benefit and social benefit.
Existingly utilize aphid cocoon honeybee to carry out biological control to the cigarette aphid, also be in the starting stage, it mainly adopts newly-built special-purpose numerous honeybee booth, adopt the mode such as potted plant to cultivate the strain of numerous honeybee cigarette in the simple and easy numerous honeybee hut that arranges in canopy, connect aphid, connect honeybee and breed, and with manual type, adopt specific purpose tool to receive honeybee, then bulk storage is in flue-cured tobacco control in field cigarette aphid.Due to need configure dedicated facility, its link is many, and operation is difficult, and cost is high, and the dead honeybee phenomenon that produces in receiving the honeybee process is comparatively serious, therefore more difficult popularization.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention, be the existing problems of numerous honeybee method in conjunction with in sum, and a kind of method of utilizing the flue-cured tobacco seedling-cultivating canopy to breed aphid cocoon honeybee is provided, and the method cost is low, and is simple to operate, and numerous honeybee, to receive honeybee effective.
The present invention utilizes the flue-cured tobacco seedling-cultivating canopy to breed the method for aphid cocoon honeybee, be the flue-cured tobacco seedling-cultivating canopy that uses take routine as basis, and supporting kind aphid, the kind honeybee cultivation base of setting and flue-cured tobacco seedling-cultivating canopy, it operates according to the following steps:
While cultivating the cigarette seedling to the cigarette transplantation of seedlings in the flue-cured tobacco seedling-cultivating canopy, get the cigarette seedling of reserving numerous honeybee, and it is cultivated;
Cultivate the cigarette seedling in kind of aphid cultivation base, the original cigarette aphid that will gather from the flue-cured tobacco land for growing field crops first is used for its cigarette seedling and connects aphid, by numerous aphid training improved variety aphid, to plant first the cigarette seedling that aphid offers in the flue-cured tobacco seedling-cultivating canopy and connect aphid, second will plant aphid offer kind of aphid cultivation base as next round/time connect aphid, numerous aphid the time cultivate the cigarette seedling to connecing aphid, numerous aphid, periodic duty so again and again;
separating part in the time of planting in the aphid cultivation base numerous aphid connects aphid cigarette seedling and transplants in kind of honeybee cultivation base, the original aphid cocoon honeybee that will gather from the flue-cured tobacco land for growing field crops first is used for institute's separation unit tap aphid cigarette seedling and connects honeybee, by numerous honeybee training improved variety honeybee or stiff aphid (being subjected to parasitism to wait to sprout wings into the cigarette aphid of honeybee), to plant first honeybee or stiff aphid offers cigarette seedling in the flue-cured tobacco seedling-cultivating canopy and connects the honeybee that connects after aphid, and as flue-cured tobacco seedling-cultivating canopy next round/time the cultivation of numerous honeybee cigarette seedling, periodic duty circularly so goes round and begins again, second offer kind of honeybee cultivation base and connect honeybee as next round/time separation unit tap aphid cigarette seedling, periodic duty so again and again,
Flue-cured tobacco is educated in canopy the aphid cocoon honeybee that breeds maturation be collected in the honeybee bag, then be invested in the flue-cured tobacco land for growing field crops.
The present invention utilizes the flue-cured tobacco seedling-cultivating canopy to breed the method for aphid cocoon honeybee, in the flue-cured tobacco seedling-cultivating canopy that routine is used, a kind of square cone table and side of being is set to be provided with screen window and door, surrounding and top and to be provided with numerous honeybee chamber of gauze, the upper end open place of this numerous honeybee chamber is connected with the collection beehive that is provided with gauze, collection is provided with in beehive and receives the honeybee bag, lower end is provided with movable day screen window, and the lower end of receiving the honeybee bag is provided with cinch cord.
the numerous honeybee chamber that arranges in the flue-cured tobacco seedling-cultivating canopy, put in the nutrition pond of standing on the flue-cured tobacco seedling-cultivating canopy its lower end, and on numerous honeybee cigarette seedling of reserving while covering in cured tobacco seedling transfer in the flue-cured tobacco seedling-cultivating canopy, numerous honeybee cigarette seedling of reserving is cultivated into the cigarette strain by floating plate or pallet in the flue-cured tobacco seedling-cultivating canopy, the cigarette strain is waited to cultivate up to 15～20cm, during 7～10 blades, getting the aphid kind is placed in the cigarette strain, keeping numerous honeybee indoor temperature is 22 ± 5 ℃, humidity is 70～80%, to guarantee that the cigarette aphid bred 10～15 continuously, getting the honeybee kind, to be placed in numerous honeybee indoor again, honeybee namely looks for aphid parasitic voluntarily, formed stiff aphid was when the instar stage is bred into parasitoid larva through 8～10 days, namely open movable day screen window, again through just automated movement and while assembling in receiving the honeybee bag of 2～3 hours aphid cocoon honeybees, the tension cinch cord, aphid cocoon honeybee in the collection beehive is packed into and receives in the honeybee bag, take out and receive the honeybee bag, close movable day screen window, then be invested in the flue-cured tobacco land for growing field crops, be used for control cigarette aphid.
The present invention utilizes the flue-cured tobacco seedling-cultivating canopy to breed the method for aphid cocoon honeybee, in the flue-cured tobacco seedling-cultivating canopy of existing use,, by cultivating, reserving the cigarette seedling, cultivate numerous honeybee cigarette seedling, then by kind of an aphid, kind honeybee, the cigarette seedling is connect aphid, connects honeybee to receiving honeybee, putting honeybee, operation is simple for it, breeding effect is good, and cost is low, and the cigarette aphids of other crops in whole tobacco leaf planting district and growing area is had whole prevention and control effect, thereby reach good biological control effect, suitable popularization.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is that the present invention utilizes the flue-cured tobacco seedling-cultivating canopy to breed the flow chart of the method for aphid cocoon honeybee;
Fig. 2 is that the structure (signal) that numerous honeybee chamber that method that the present invention utilizes the flue-cured tobacco seedling-cultivating canopy to breed aphid cocoon honeybee adopts does not arrange the gauze state is schemed;
Fig. 3 is that the structure (signal) that numerous honeybee chamber that method that the present invention utilizes the flue-cured tobacco seedling-cultivating canopy to breed aphid cocoon honeybee adopts arranges the gauze state is schemed;
Fig. 4 is that the structure (signal) that collection beehive that method that the present invention utilizes the flue-cured tobacco seedling-cultivating canopy to breed aphid cocoon honeybee adopts arranges the gauze state is schemed;
Fig. 5 is that the structure (signal) of the receipts honeybee bag that adopts of method that the present invention utilizes the flue-cured tobacco seedling-cultivating canopy to breed aphid cocoon honeybee is schemed.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with above-mentioned accompanying drawing example, the embodiment of utilizing the flue-cured tobacco seedling-cultivating canopy to breed the method for aphid cocoon honeybee to the present invention is described in further detail.
The present invention utilizes the flue-cured tobacco seedling-cultivating canopy to breed the method for aphid cocoon honeybee, be the flue-cured tobacco seedling-cultivating canopy that uses take routine as basis, and the supporting kind aphid of setting and flue-cured tobacco seedling-cultivating canopy, plant the honeybee cultivation base, and operate according to the following steps:
When cultivation cigarette seedling (4) is transplanted to cigarette seedling (4) in the flue-cured tobacco seedling-cultivating canopy, get numerous honeybee cigarette seedling (4) of reservation, and it is cultivated;
Cultivate cigarette seedling (4) in kind of aphid cultivation base, the original cigarette aphid that will gather from the flue-cured tobacco land for growing field crops first is used for its cigarette seedling (4) and connects aphid, by numerous aphid training improved variety aphid, to plant first the cigarette seedling (4) that aphid offers in the flue-cured tobacco seedling-cultivating canopy and connect aphid, second will plant aphid offer kind of aphid cultivation base as next round/time connect aphid, numerous aphid the time cultivate cigarette seedling (4) to connecing aphid, numerous aphid, periodic duty so again and again;
separating part in the time of planting in the aphid cultivation base numerous aphid connects aphid cigarette seedling (4) and transplants in kind of honeybee cultivation base, the original aphid cocoon honeybee (3) that will gather from the flue-cured tobacco land for growing field crops first is used for institute's separation unit tap aphid cigarette seedling (4) and connects honeybee, by numerous honeybee training improved variety honeybee or stiff aphid (being subjected to parasitism to wait to sprout wings into the cigarette aphid of honeybee), to plant first honeybee or stiff aphid offers cigarette seedling (4) in the flue-cured tobacco seedling-cultivating canopy and connects the honeybee that connects after aphid, and as flue-cured tobacco seedling-cultivating canopy next round/time the cultivation of numerous honeybee cigarette seedling (4), periodic duty circularly so goes round and begins again, second offer kind of honeybee cultivation base and connect honeybee as next round/time separation unit tap aphid cigarette seedling (4), periodic duty so again and again,
Flue-cured tobacco is educated in canopy the aphid cocoon honeybee (3) that breeds maturation be collected in honeybee bag (7), then be invested in the flue-cured tobacco land for growing field crops.
The present invention utilizes the flue-cured tobacco seedling-cultivating canopy to breed the method for aphid cocoon honeybee, and it must configure the firing equipment of air-conditioning and so on when numerous aphid, numerous honeybee, needs winter kind of an aphid, kind honeybee and cigarette seedling (4) are heated, in case freeze to death.When the spring and summer autumn air temperature is high, need to lower the temperature by configuration sunshade net and ventilation fan, dead in case kind aphid, kind honeybee and cigarette seedling (4) are heated.
The present invention utilizes the flue-cured tobacco seedling-cultivating canopy to breed the method for aphid cocoon honeybee, arranges a kind ofly to be the square cone table and a side is provided with numerous honeybee chamber (2) that screen window and door (1), surrounding and top are provided with 60～80 purpose gauzes (9), have dismounting, conveniently moving in the flue-cured tobacco seedling-cultivating canopy that routine is used.The upper end open place of numerous honeybee chamber (2) is connected with the collection beehive (8) that is provided with gauze (9), is provided with in collection beehive (8) and receives honeybee bag (7), lower end is provided with movable day screen window (5).Have phototactic aphid cocoon honeybee (3) and can automatically enter the receipts honeybee bag (7) that arranges in collection beehive (8), the lower end of receiving honeybee bag (7) is provided with cinch cord (6), after a certain amount of aphid cocoon honeybee (3) enters receipts honeybee bags (7), tension cinch cord (6), aphid cocoon honeybee (3) namely is loaded into receives in honeybee bag (7), take out and receive honeybee bag (7), close the sky screen window (5) of having opened, aphid cocoon honeybee (3) is invested in the flue-cured tobacco land for growing field crops.
the present invention utilizes the flue-cured tobacco seedling-cultivating canopy to breed the method for aphid cocoon honeybee, the numerous honeybee chamber (2) that arranges in the flue-cured tobacco seedling-cultivating canopy, put in the nutrition pond of standing on the flue-cured tobacco seedling-cultivating canopy its lower end, and on numerous honeybee cigarette seedling (4) of reserving while covering in cured tobacco seedling transfer in the flue-cured tobacco seedling-cultivating canopy, numerous honeybee cigarette seedling (4) of reserving is cultivated into the cigarette strain by floating plate or pallet in the flue-cured tobacco seedling-cultivating canopy, it can reduce independent employing Nutrition Soil significantly, the mode such as potted plant is cultivated the worry of numerous honeybee cigarette strain, save simultaneously the preparation of Nutrition Soil, the dress basin, plant seedling, the process that rich water quality management etc. are numerous and diverse and expensive, cause numerous honeybee cigarette strain leaf of cultivating tender, healthy and strong.
the cigarette strain of cultivating was treated 5～10, up to 15～20cm, during 7～10 blades, getting 1000～2000 aphid kinds is placed in the cigarette strain, and to keep numerous honeybee indoor temperature be 22 ± 5 ℃, humidity is 70～80%, to guarantee that the cigarette aphid bred 10～15 continuously, getting 500～1000 honeybee kinds is placed in numerous honeybee chamber (2) again, honeybee namely looks for aphid parasitic voluntarily, the stiff aphid that formed through 8～10 days is when the instar stage is bred into parasitoid larva, namely open a day screen window (5), again through just automated movement and while assembling in receiving honeybee bags (7) of 2～3 hours aphid cocoon honeybees (3), tension cinch cord (6), to collect aphid cocoon honeybee (3) in beehive (8) packs into and receives in honeybee bags (7), take out and receive honeybee bag (7), close the sky screen window (5) of having opened, then be invested in the flue-cured tobacco land for growing field crops, be used for control cigarette aphid.
The present invention utilizes the flue-cured tobacco seedling-cultivating canopy to breed the method for aphid cocoon honeybee, during concrete enforcement, in the flue-cured tobacco seedling-cultivating canopy of existing use, condition is different with pressing width 8m, length visual field, in canopy, the nursery pond width is opened 2 casees by 3.3m, and a group traveling together's passage is stayed in centre, lays leakproof film in nursery pond, and the nutrient solution of annotating and growing seedlings, grow for cigarette seedling (4).Seedling-cultivating tray generally has the dish of floating, pallet, and its cell size is different, does not affect breeding of aphid cocoon honeybee (3) of the present invention.
Now take numerous honeybee chamber (2) of adopting 3m * 3m specification, the showy dish in 160 holes is as example, specifically be implemented as follows:
The numerous aphid of the first step is prepared: during one-tenth transplantation of seedlings in the flue-cured tobacco seedling-cultivating canopy, ratio in 1 mu of every 5～8 numerous honeybee supply of strain cigarette seedling (4) is reserved numerous honeybee cigarette seedling (4), and, by the quantity of each numerous honeybee chamber (2) for 100 mu of measuring and calculating required numerous honeybee chambers (2), fertilizer, water have been added, disinfection.
The numerous honeybee cigarette of second step seedling is processed: adopt floating plate or the pallet cigarette seedling (4) of planting, 500 strain cigarette seedlings (4) are placed in each numerous honeybee chamber (2), and close screen window and door (1) and the movable sky screen window (5) of numerous honeybee chamber (2).
The 3rd goes on foot at the indoor training seedling of numerous honeybee: cigarette seedling (4) causes its growth vigorous, tall and big by nutrient solution in numerous honeybee chamber (2).
The 4th step connect aphid to the cigarette seedling: approximately after 5 days, when the cigarette plant height reaches 15cm, 7～10 blades of blade, get 1000～2000 direct bulk storages of aphid kind on cigarette seedling (4).
The 5th goes on foot numerous aphid: observe nutrient solution in numerous aphid process, to guarantee the nutrition supply of cigarette strain, controlling temperature is 22 ± 5 ℃, and humidity remains 70～80%.
The 6th step connect honeybee: after 10～15 days, each numerous honeybee chamber (2) is 500～1000 honeybee kinds of bulk storage directly, cause honeybee to look for voluntarily aphid to carry out parasitism.
The 7th goes on foot into honeybee collects: acquisition time is about at 9 o'clock in the morning, and quantity is advisable with 3000/bag.
The 8th step put honeybee: the honeybee that will collect by every mu approximately 1000 be invested in the flue-cured tobacco land for growing field crops.
The present invention utilizes the flue-cured tobacco seedling-cultivating canopy to breed the method for aphid cocoon honeybee, from cured tobacco seedling (4) sowing, cultivation numerous honeybee cigarette seedling (4), the every wheel/time cycle was undertaken by about 80 days, connect aphid, connect honeybee, numerous honeybee, receive honeybee, put that honeybee is every takes turns/time cycle undertaken by about 50 days, its sowing cultivate cigarette seedling (4) and connect aphid, numerous honeybee two processes hocket continuously, can improve significantly numerous honeybee and be on the point of time, cause a year numerous honeybee rate to reach 4 to take turns/time.
Claims (3)
1. method of utilizing the flue-cured tobacco seedling-cultivating canopy to breed aphid cocoon honeybee, be the flue-cured tobacco seedling-cultivating canopy that uses take routine as basis, it is characterized in that arranging the kind aphid supporting with the flue-cured tobacco seedling-cultivating canopy, plant the honeybee cultivation base, and operation according to the following steps:
A, when cultivating cigarette seedling (4) transplanting to cigarette seedling (4) in the flue-cured tobacco seedling-cultivating canopy, get the cigarette seedling (4) of the numerous honeybee of reservation, and it cultivated,
B, cultivate cigarette seedling (4) in kind of aphid cultivation base, the original cigarette aphid that will gather from the flue-cured tobacco land for growing field crops first is used for its cigarette seedling (4) and connects aphid, by numerous aphid training improved variety aphid, to plant first the cigarette seedling (4) that aphid offers in the flue-cured tobacco seedling-cultivating canopy and connect aphid, second will plant aphid offer kind of aphid cultivation base as next round/time connect aphid, numerous aphid the time cultivate cigarette seedling (4) to connecing aphid, numerous aphid, periodic duty so again and again
c, separating part in the time of planting in the aphid cultivation base numerous aphid connects aphid cigarette seedling (4) and transplants in kind of honeybee cultivation base, the original aphid cocoon honeybee (3) that will gather from the flue-cured tobacco land for growing field crops first is used for institute's separation unit tap aphid cigarette seedling (4) and connects honeybee, by numerous honeybee training improved variety honeybee or stiff aphid, to plant first honeybee or stiff aphid offers cigarette seedling (4) in the flue-cured tobacco seedling-cultivating canopy and connects the honeybee that connects after aphid, and as flue-cured tobacco seedling-cultivating canopy next round/time the cultivation of numerous honeybee cigarette seedling (4), periodic duty so again and again, second offer kind of honeybee cultivation base and connect honeybee as next round/time separation unit tap aphid cigarette seedling (4), periodic duty so again and again,
D, flue-cured tobacco is educated in canopy and bred ripe aphid cocoon honeybee (3) and be collected in honeybee bag (7), then be invested in the flue-cured tobacco land for growing field crops.
2. method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that surrounding and top are provided with gauze (9), are the lower end that square cone table and a side be provided with numerous honeybee chamber (2) of screen window and door (1) and put in the nutrition pond of standing on the flue-cured tobacco seedling-cultivating canopy, the upper end open place of numerous honeybee chamber (2) is connected with the collection beehive (8) that is provided with gauze (9), be provided with in collection beehive (8) and receive honeybee bag (7), lower end is provided with movable day screen window (5), the lower end of receiving honeybee bags (7) is provided with cinch cord (6).
3. according to claim 1 with 2 described methods, it is characterized in that the numerous honeybee that arranges chamber (2) covers on numerous honeybee cigarette seedling (4) of reserving when cured tobacco seedling in the flue-cured tobacco seedling-cultivating canopy is transplanted in the flue-cured tobacco seedling-cultivating canopy, numerous honeybee cigarette seedling (4) of reserving is cultivated into the cigarette strain by floating plate or pallet in the flue-cured tobacco seedling-cultivating canopy, the cigarette strain is waited to cultivate up to 15～20cm, during 7～10 blades, getting the aphid kind is placed in the cigarette strain, keeping the interior temperature in numerous honeybee chamber (2) is 22 ± 5 ℃, humidity is 70～80%, to guarantee that the cigarette aphid bred 10～15 continuously, getting the honeybee kind is placed in numerous honeybee chamber (2) again, honeybee namely looks for aphid parasitic voluntarily, formed stiff aphid was when the instar stage is bred into parasitoid larva through 8～10 days, namely open movable day screen window (5), again through just automated movement and while assembling in receiving honeybee bags (7) of 2～3 hours aphid cocoon honeybees (3), tension cinch cord (6), to collect aphid cocoon honeybee (3) in beehive (8) packs into and receives in honeybee bags (7), take out and receive honeybee bag (7), close movable day screen window (5), then be invested in the flue-cured tobacco land for growing field crops, be used for control cigarette aphid.
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| CN104938263A (en) * | 2015-07-20 | 2015-09-30 | 胡永军 | Method for controlling greenhouse vegetable aphids through adoption of harmonia axyridis |
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| CN105475233B (en) * | 2015-11-24 | 2018-07-03 | 四川省烟草公司宜宾市公司 | A kind of cigarette aphid over wintering mating system |
| CN105557643A (en) * | 2016-01-25 | 2016-05-11 | 北京市农林科学院 | Method for artificially and massively propagating experimental green peach aphids |
| CN106172256A (en) * | 2016-08-12 | 2016-12-07 | 贵州省烟草公司黔东南州公司 | Aphidius gifuensis type discharge honeybee method and device |
| CN106417192A (en) * | 2016-10-25 | 2017-02-22 | 福建省烟草公司三明市公司 | Low-humidity myzus persicae host crop breeding device |
| CN106417192B (en) * | 2016-10-25 | 2022-02-22 | 福建省烟草公司三明市公司 | Low-humidity myzus persicae host crop breeding device |
| CN106942167A (en) * | 2017-05-18 | 2017-07-14 | 李世民 | Natural enemy breeding device and breed control system using the breeding device |
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